1 00:00:10,661 --> 00:00:15,661 Subtitles by explosiveskull 2 00:00:16,531 --> 00:00:20,133 ♪ I WAS JUST SITTING UP IN MY TREE ♪ 3 00:00:20,135 --> 00:00:22,736 ♪ IN MY TREE, IN MY TREE ♪ 4 00:00:22,738 --> 00:00:26,672 ♪ I SAW A BEAUTIFUL FACE WAS LOOKING UP AT ME ♪ 5 00:00:26,674 --> 00:00:29,142 ♪ UP AT ME, UP AT ME ♪ 6 00:00:29,144 --> 00:00:33,012 ♪ OH, SHE HAD A CUTE SMILE, SO I ASKED HER NAME ♪ 7 00:00:33,014 --> 00:00:36,116 ♪ ASKED HER NAME, ASKED HER NAME ♪ 8 00:00:36,118 --> 00:00:39,119 ♪ WHEN WE GOT TO TALKING, SAID SHE FELT THE SAME ♪ 9 00:00:39,121 --> 00:00:41,720 ♪ THAT SHE FELT THE SAME, FELT THE SAME ♪ 10 00:00:41,722 --> 00:00:46,125 ♪ OH, EVERY TIME I SEE HER, I DO MY THING ♪ 11 00:00:48,596 --> 00:00:51,765 ♪ WELL, NOW SHE'S BY MY SIDE WHERE SHE WANTS TO BE ♪ 12 00:00:51,767 --> 00:00:53,165 ♪ UH, SHE WANTS TO BE ♪ 13 00:00:53,167 --> 00:00:55,201 ♪ IT'S WHERE SHE WANTS TO BE ♪ 14 00:00:55,203 --> 00:00:58,070 ♪ SHE'S COOKING US A CHICKEN WITH A JUG OF TEA ♪ 15 00:00:58,072 --> 00:00:59,673 ♪ A JUG OF TEA ♪ 16 00:00:59,675 --> 00:01:01,607 - ♪ OH, YEAH ♪ - ♪ A JUG OF TEA ♪ 17 00:01:01,609 --> 00:01:05,078 ♪ I'M THANKFUL FOR THE DAY SHE KNOCKED ONTO MY DOOR ♪ 18 00:01:05,080 --> 00:01:07,848 ♪ I'M THANKFUL FOR THE DAY SHE KNOCKED ON MY DOOR ♪ 19 00:01:07,850 --> 00:01:10,851 ♪ AND I NEVER THOUGHT I'D FALL FOR THE GIRL NEXT DOOR ♪ 20 00:01:10,853 --> 00:01:14,087 ♪ AND I NEVER THOUGHT I'D FALL FOR THE GIRL NEXT DOOR ♪ 21 00:01:14,089 --> 00:01:17,757 ♪ AND EVERY TIME I SEE HER, I DO MY THING ♪ 22 00:01:17,759 --> 00:01:20,694 ♪ EVERY TIME I SEE HER, I DO MY THING ♪ 23 00:01:20,696 --> 00:01:24,129 ♪ AND EVERY TIME I SEE HER, I DO MY THING ♪ 24 00:01:26,000 --> 00:01:32,074 Advertise your product or brand here contact www.OpenSubtitles.org today 25 00:01:46,721 --> 00:01:48,954 WHOO-HOO! 26 00:01:48,956 --> 00:01:50,724 VROOM, VROOM! 27 00:01:50,726 --> 00:01:52,691 GREETING, WINGED SCOUTS. 28 00:01:52,693 --> 00:01:54,760 HEY, IT'S COMMANDER AIRHEAD. 29 00:01:54,762 --> 00:01:56,195 HI, COMMANDER AIRHEAD. 30 00:01:56,197 --> 00:01:57,930 GUMDROP, VROOMER, 31 00:01:57,932 --> 00:02:01,001 IT'S TIME FOR OUR ANNUAL TIME-HONORED 32 00:02:01,003 --> 00:02:02,903 PLANES WITH BRAINS CONTEST 33 00:02:02,905 --> 00:02:04,870 WHERE YOUNG PLANE TEAMS 34 00:02:04,872 --> 00:02:06,772 COMPETE FOR THE CHANCE TO WIN 35 00:02:06,774 --> 00:02:10,309 THE PRESTIGIOUS PLANES WITH BRAINS AWARD. 36 00:02:10,311 --> 00:02:13,012 YOUR MISSION, GUMDROP AND VROOMER, 37 00:02:13,014 --> 00:02:15,315 IS TO DISCOVER ALL ABOUT 38 00:02:15,317 --> 00:02:18,317 THE MOST FASCINATING MACHINE OF ALL. 39 00:02:18,319 --> 00:02:19,986 PLANES! 40 00:02:19,988 --> 00:02:21,821 PLANES! 41 00:02:21,823 --> 00:02:23,290 EXACTLY! 42 00:02:23,292 --> 00:02:26,725 YOU WILL TRAVEL ALL OVER THE WORLD 43 00:02:26,727 --> 00:02:30,095 ACROSS TIME, SPACE, AND BEYOND. 44 00:02:30,097 --> 00:02:33,566 YOU MUST KEEP YOUR LITTLE METAL NOSES POINTED AHEAD, 45 00:02:33,568 --> 00:02:34,968 YOUR MOTORS HUMMING, 46 00:02:34,970 --> 00:02:38,338 AND YOUR WINGS PERKED AT ALL TIMES. 47 00:02:38,340 --> 00:02:41,975 WE DEPEND ON YOU TO DO THE BEST JOB POSSIBLE. 48 00:02:41,977 --> 00:02:44,077 ARE YOU READY FOR YOUR ASSIGNMENT? 49 00:02:44,079 --> 00:02:48,013 WOW, MY LITTLE WINGS ARE FLUTTERING WITH THRILLS! 50 00:02:48,015 --> 00:02:51,350 MY LITTLE MOTOR IS VROOM, VROOM! 51 00:02:51,352 --> 00:02:52,785 VROOMING WITH EXCITEMENT! 52 00:02:52,787 --> 00:02:54,286 PLANE SCOUTS READY 53 00:02:54,288 --> 00:02:56,189 FOR OUR MISSION, COMMANDER AIRHEAD. 54 00:02:56,191 --> 00:03:00,694 THIS IS SURE TO BE A CHALLENGING MISSION, LITTLE ONES. 55 00:03:00,696 --> 00:03:04,831 FLUFFY WHITE CLOUDS? I LOVE CHALLENGING MISSIONS. 56 00:03:04,833 --> 00:03:07,299 BRILLIANT BLUE SKIES! ME TOO! 57 00:03:07,301 --> 00:03:11,704 I'M SENDING YOU TWO ON A MISSION TO LEARN ABOUT 58 00:03:11,706 --> 00:03:14,207 THE HISTORY OF PLANES. 59 00:03:14,209 --> 00:03:16,743 THE HISTORY OF PLANES? 60 00:03:16,745 --> 00:03:18,243 HOW COOL! 61 00:03:18,245 --> 00:03:19,713 CAN'T WAIT! 62 00:03:19,715 --> 00:03:22,849 IT'S UP TO YOU TO LEARN ALL ABOUT IT 63 00:03:22,851 --> 00:03:25,385 AND REPORT BACK TO ME WITH WHAT YOU'VE DISCOVERED. 64 00:03:25,387 --> 00:03:28,188 FLAPPING FUN WINGS! 65 00:03:28,190 --> 00:03:31,190 THIS IS GOING TO BE AN INCREDIBLE ADVENTURE! 66 00:03:31,192 --> 00:03:35,095 WHAT CAN YOU TELL US ABOUT THE HISTORY OF PLANES, COMMANDER AIRHEAD? 67 00:03:35,097 --> 00:03:38,731 WELL, THE DESIRE TO CREATE A FLYING MACHINE 68 00:03:38,733 --> 00:03:41,701 IS AS OLD AS HUMANKIND, 69 00:03:41,703 --> 00:03:44,938 BUT IT WASN'T UNTIL 200 YEARS AGO 70 00:03:44,940 --> 00:03:49,075 THAT THE TRUE CONCEPT OF AN AIRPLANE CAME TO BE. 71 00:03:49,077 --> 00:03:51,810 WOW, I CAN'T WAIT TO FIND OUT MORE! 72 00:03:51,812 --> 00:03:53,980 THE HISTORY OF AIRPLANES. 73 00:03:53,982 --> 00:03:57,183 SOUNDS ABSOLUTELY AMAZING! 74 00:03:57,185 --> 00:03:59,785 AS YOU KNOW, VROOMER AND GUMDROP, 75 00:03:59,787 --> 00:04:03,089 TO WIN THE ANNUAL PLANES WITH BRAINS CONTEST, 76 00:04:03,091 --> 00:04:05,759 YOU MUST FIND OUT AND LEARN 77 00:04:05,761 --> 00:04:09,195 TONS OF AMAZING FACTS ABOUT AIRPLANES. 78 00:04:09,197 --> 00:04:10,997 YES, COMMANDER AIRHEAD. 79 00:04:10,999 --> 00:04:12,197 VROOM, VROOM! 80 00:04:12,199 --> 00:04:13,298 WE WILL! 81 00:04:13,300 --> 00:04:14,968 EXCELLENT. 82 00:04:14,970 --> 00:04:17,703 YOU MUST ALSO KNOW THAT THERE IS A QUESTION 83 00:04:17,705 --> 00:04:22,908 THAT ALL THE BRIGHTEST FLYING MINDS ALL OVER THE WORLD SKIES 84 00:04:22,910 --> 00:04:24,977 HAVE NOT BEEN ABLE TO ANSWER 85 00:04:24,979 --> 00:04:27,913 ABOUT THE HISTORY OF AIRPLANES. 86 00:04:27,915 --> 00:04:30,249 WE NEED YOU TWO WINGED SCOUTS 87 00:04:30,251 --> 00:04:34,220 TO HELP US ANSWER THE "WHO FLEW" QUESTION 88 00:04:34,222 --> 00:04:37,090 ABOUT THE HISTORY OF AIRPLANES. 89 00:04:37,092 --> 00:04:38,992 "WHO FLEW" QUESTION? 90 00:04:38,994 --> 00:04:40,326 LOVE IT! 91 00:04:40,328 --> 00:04:42,461 WHAT IS THE QUESTION, COMMANDER AIRHEAD? 92 00:04:42,463 --> 00:04:44,797 WHEN DID THE FIRST 93 00:04:44,799 --> 00:04:49,035 AND LONGEST UNMANNED AIRCRAFT FLIGHT TAKE PLACE? 94 00:04:49,037 --> 00:04:52,706 THAT'S A GREAT QUESTION, COMMANDER AIRHEAD. 95 00:04:52,708 --> 00:04:55,074 WE'LL LAND THE ANSWER IN A SPIN OF A PROPELLER, 96 00:04:55,076 --> 00:04:56,943 I'M SURE. 97 00:04:56,945 --> 00:05:00,446 I WILL ASSIGN YOU THE BEST WINGED SCOUT HELPER 98 00:05:00,448 --> 00:05:01,980 IN THE WORLD. 99 00:05:01,982 --> 00:05:04,016 HIS NAME IS WILLY WIDGET. 100 00:05:04,018 --> 00:05:08,153 HE'S A ROBOTIC ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AIRCRAFT KNOWLEDGE. 101 00:05:08,155 --> 00:05:11,090 HE WILL ASSIST YOU ON YOUR MISSION. 102 00:05:11,092 --> 00:05:12,891 WILLY WIDGET? 103 00:05:12,893 --> 00:05:14,927 WE LOVE WILLY WIDGET. 104 00:05:14,929 --> 00:05:19,299 BE SURE TO ASK A LOT OF QUESTIONS, WINGED SCOUTS. 105 00:05:19,301 --> 00:05:22,201 THE PRESTIGIOUS PLANES WITH BRAINS AWARD 106 00:05:22,203 --> 00:05:23,903 IS UP FOR GRABS. 107 00:05:23,905 --> 00:05:25,437 YAY! 108 00:05:25,439 --> 00:05:28,073 WINGED SCOUTS READY TO FLY, COMMANDER AIRHEAD. 109 00:05:28,075 --> 00:05:29,374 WINGED SCOUTS. 110 00:05:29,376 --> 00:05:31,845 VROOM, VROOM! 111 00:05:31,847 --> 00:05:33,912 HOORAY! 112 00:05:46,061 --> 00:05:48,294 WINGED SCOUTS! 113 00:05:48,296 --> 00:05:50,797 READY TO GET STARTED ON YOUR NEXT ADVENTURE? 114 00:05:50,799 --> 00:05:53,066 YES, SUPER READY. 115 00:05:53,068 --> 00:05:54,199 TOTALLY READY. 116 00:05:54,201 --> 00:05:55,934 REMEMBER, WINGED SCOUTS, 117 00:05:55,936 --> 00:05:57,369 ANY AND ALL QUESTIONS YOU HAVE, 118 00:05:57,371 --> 00:06:00,006 I'M HERE TO ANSWER THEM. 119 00:06:00,008 --> 00:06:01,807 WHERE DO WE BEGIN? 120 00:06:01,809 --> 00:06:06,311 BACK IN TIME MORE THAN 2,000 YEARS AGO IN GREECE. 121 00:06:06,313 --> 00:06:08,982 YOU SEE, ANCIENT PEOPLE WERE INSPIRED 122 00:06:08,984 --> 00:06:13,186 BY THE OBSERVATION OF BIRDS SOARING THROUGH THE SKY, 123 00:06:13,188 --> 00:06:17,056 AND DESIGNED AIRCRAFTS THAT COPIED THE BEATING OF A BIRD'S WINGS. 124 00:06:17,058 --> 00:06:20,826 THESE MACHINES ARE KNOWN AS ORNITHOPTERS. 125 00:06:20,828 --> 00:06:23,396 WITH ORNITHOPTERS, THE FLAPPING WINGS 126 00:06:23,398 --> 00:06:26,232 GENERATED BOTH LIFT AND PROPULSION. 127 00:06:26,234 --> 00:06:29,968 ONE OF THE EARLIEST KNOWN EXAMPLES OF THIS TYPE OF MACHINE 128 00:06:29,970 --> 00:06:31,504 IS THE WOODEN BIRD, 129 00:06:31,506 --> 00:06:33,973 DESIGNED BY GREEK SCIENTIST, 130 00:06:33,975 --> 00:06:37,811 PHILOSOPHER AND MATHEMATICIAN, ARCHYTAS OF TARENTUM 131 00:06:37,813 --> 00:06:39,978 IN 400 B.C. 132 00:06:39,980 --> 00:06:42,549 EVEN THOUGH SOME OF THESE ANCIENT MACHINES 133 00:06:42,551 --> 00:06:44,583 TOOK OFF FOR A FEW SHORT FLIGHTS, 134 00:06:44,585 --> 00:06:46,585 THEY REMAIN IMPRACTICAL. 135 00:06:46,587 --> 00:06:49,288 WHOA! 136 00:06:49,290 --> 00:06:52,090 TO TRACE THE BEGINNING OF THE HISTORY OF FLIGHT, 137 00:06:52,092 --> 00:06:54,427 WE HAVE TO TRAVEL IN TIME 138 00:06:54,429 --> 00:06:58,530 ALL THE WAY TO THE 16TH, 17TH, 139 00:06:58,532 --> 00:07:00,165 AND 18TH CENTURIES. 140 00:07:00,167 --> 00:07:02,268 LET'S TAKE A TOUR AROUND EUROPE 141 00:07:02,270 --> 00:07:04,403 AND MEET SOME OF THE GREAT THINKERS 142 00:07:04,405 --> 00:07:08,006 WHO PAVED THE WAY FOR THE EVOLUTION OF AIRPLANES. 143 00:07:08,008 --> 00:07:09,210 YEAH! 144 00:07:13,314 --> 00:07:16,282 IN ITALY, THE NETHERLANDS, AND ENGLAND, 145 00:07:16,284 --> 00:07:19,052 MATHEMATICIANS, SCIENTISTS, AND INVENTORS 146 00:07:19,054 --> 00:07:20,953 LIKE LEONARDO DA VINCI, 147 00:07:20,955 --> 00:07:22,388 GALILEO GALILEI, 148 00:07:22,390 --> 00:07:25,090 CHRISTIAAN HUYGENS AND ISAAC NEWTON 149 00:07:25,092 --> 00:07:27,559 ALL CONTRIBUTED THE FIRST RESEARCH 150 00:07:27,561 --> 00:07:29,494 INTO AERODYNAMICS. 151 00:07:29,496 --> 00:07:33,299 WHAT'S AERODYNAMICS, WILLY WIDGET? 152 00:07:33,301 --> 00:07:35,367 "AERO" MEANS AIR 153 00:07:35,369 --> 00:07:37,970 AND "DYNAMICS" MEANS MOTION, 154 00:07:37,972 --> 00:07:42,141 SO, AERODYNAMICS DEALS WITH THE DYNAMICS OF AIR 155 00:07:42,143 --> 00:07:45,011 AS IT INTERACTS WITH SOLID OBJECTS, 156 00:07:45,013 --> 00:07:46,446 LIKE AN AIRPLANE! 157 00:07:46,448 --> 00:07:50,482 DID YOU KNOW YOU TWO GUYS EXPERIENCE AERODYNAMICS 158 00:07:50,484 --> 00:07:52,552 EVERY TIME YOU FLY? 159 00:07:52,554 --> 00:07:54,353 INCREDIBLE! 160 00:07:54,355 --> 00:07:58,157 HIT MY PLANE BRAIN WITH MORE COOL FACTOIDS, WILLY WIDGET. 161 00:07:58,159 --> 00:08:02,194 IT WASN'T UNTIL THE TURN OF THE 18TH CENTURY 162 00:08:02,196 --> 00:08:05,230 WHEN AN ENGLISH BARONET NAMED GEORGE CAYLEY 163 00:08:05,232 --> 00:08:08,201 TURNED FLYING THEORY INTO REALITY 164 00:08:08,203 --> 00:08:10,903 BY BEING THE FIRST TO FOCUS HIS ATTENTION 165 00:08:10,905 --> 00:08:13,639 ON FIXED-WING AIRCRAFTS 166 00:08:13,641 --> 00:08:15,174 LIKE MODERN AIRPLANES 167 00:08:15,176 --> 00:08:17,410 AS OPPOSED TO THE EARLIER AIRCRAFTS 168 00:08:17,412 --> 00:08:19,578 WITH BEATING WINGS LIKE BIRDS'. 169 00:08:19,580 --> 00:08:23,615 HE WAS A PIONEER OF AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING 170 00:08:23,617 --> 00:08:29,321 WHO, IN 1804, FLEW THE FIRST SUCCESSFUL FLYING GLIDER... 171 00:08:29,323 --> 00:08:33,092 OR A NON-MOTOR-POWERED FLYING MACHINE... ON RECORD. 172 00:08:33,094 --> 00:08:37,429 BLASTING ENGINES, THAT'S AMAZING. 173 00:08:37,431 --> 00:08:42,068 IN 1853, GEORGE CAYLEY LAUNCHED AND FLEW THE FIRST GLIDER 174 00:08:42,070 --> 00:08:45,637 EVER RECORDED TO CARRY A PERSON ONBOARD. 175 00:08:45,639 --> 00:08:47,607 VERY INTERESTING. 176 00:08:47,609 --> 00:08:50,175 WHAT HAPPENED NEXT, WILLY WIDGET? 177 00:08:50,177 --> 00:08:52,377 EXCELLENT QUESTION, GUMDROP. 178 00:08:52,379 --> 00:08:55,714 IN THE 1870S, OTTO LILIENTHAL, 179 00:08:55,716 --> 00:08:58,083 A GERMAN MECHANICAL ENGINEER, 180 00:08:58,085 --> 00:08:59,718 FOLLOWED IN CAYLEY'S FOOTSTEPS 181 00:08:59,720 --> 00:09:03,522 AND LAUNCHED A SERIES OF VERY IMPORTANT STUDIES 182 00:09:03,524 --> 00:09:04,958 ON WING DESIGN. 183 00:09:04,960 --> 00:09:08,428 LILIENTHAL DESIGNED, BUILT AND FLEW 184 00:09:08,430 --> 00:09:11,964 A NUMBER OF MONOPLANE AND BIPLANE GLIDERS, 185 00:09:11,966 --> 00:09:15,468 ACCOMPLISHING AS MANY AS 2,000 FLIGHTS 186 00:09:15,470 --> 00:09:19,405 BETWEEN 1890 AND 1896. 187 00:09:19,407 --> 00:09:22,174 WHOA! FUN FACTOID. 188 00:09:22,176 --> 00:09:25,078 BUT HOW WE DID WE GET FROM THOSE REALLY COOL GLIDERS 189 00:09:25,080 --> 00:09:28,213 TO WINGED AIRPLANES WITH ENGINES LIKE US, WILLY WIDGET? 190 00:09:28,215 --> 00:09:31,049 THAT'S A VERY GOOD QUESTION, VROOMER. 191 00:09:31,051 --> 00:09:33,352 LET'S TAKE A TRIP TO THE UNITED STATES 192 00:09:33,354 --> 00:09:35,688 AND MEET THE WRIGHT BROTHERS. 193 00:09:35,690 --> 00:09:38,657 WHOO-HOO! 194 00:09:38,659 --> 00:09:41,361 THE WRIGHT BROTHERS, ORVILLE AND WILBUR 195 00:09:41,363 --> 00:09:45,530 WERE TWO AMERICAN INVENTORS AND AVIATION PIONEERS 196 00:09:45,532 --> 00:09:51,103 WHO BUILT AND FLEW THE WORLD'S FIRST SUCCESSFUL AIRPLANE. 197 00:09:51,105 --> 00:09:53,705 THEIR LIFELONG DREAM CAME TRUE 198 00:09:53,707 --> 00:09:56,409 WHEN ORVILLE TOOK TO THE SKY 199 00:09:56,411 --> 00:09:59,344 IN THE FIRST EVER MOTOR-POWERED, 200 00:09:59,346 --> 00:10:01,580 HEAVIER-THAN-AIR AIRCRAFT 201 00:10:01,582 --> 00:10:06,486 CALLED "THE FLYER" ON DECEMBER 17TH, 1903, 202 00:10:06,488 --> 00:10:09,521 FOUR MILES SOUTH OF KITTY HAWK, NORTH CAROLINA. 203 00:10:09,523 --> 00:10:12,357 WHAT WAS THE FLYER MADE OF, WILLY WIDGET? 204 00:10:12,359 --> 00:10:16,128 THE FLYER WAS MADE USING A STRONG AND LIGHTWEIGHT WOOD 205 00:10:16,130 --> 00:10:17,630 FROM THE GIANT SPRUCE TREE 206 00:10:17,632 --> 00:10:20,032 AS THE MAIN CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL, 207 00:10:20,034 --> 00:10:23,136 AND MUSLIN, A LIGHTWEIGHT COTTON CLOTH, 208 00:10:23,138 --> 00:10:24,737 WAS USED FOR SURFACE COVERINGS. 209 00:10:24,739 --> 00:10:28,373 EVEN THE FLYER'S PROPELLERS WERE MADE OF WOOD. 210 00:10:28,375 --> 00:10:30,175 OH, WHOA, WILLY WIDGET. 211 00:10:30,177 --> 00:10:32,310 FACTOID COOLER THAN RAIN CLOUDS 212 00:10:32,312 --> 00:10:34,447 AFTER A SPRING SHOWER. 213 00:10:34,449 --> 00:10:36,748 HOW WAS THE FLYER POWERED, WILLY WIDGET? 214 00:10:36,750 --> 00:10:39,218 EXCELLENT QUESTION, VROOMER. 215 00:10:39,220 --> 00:10:42,454 ORVILLE AND WILBUR HAD A GASOLINE ENGINE 216 00:10:42,456 --> 00:10:46,092 FABRICATED IN THEIR BICYCLE SHOP JUST FOR THE FLYER. 217 00:10:46,094 --> 00:10:49,328 THE ENGINE WAS FAIRLY SIMPLE IN CONSTRUCTION, 218 00:10:49,330 --> 00:10:52,698 BUT IT PROVIDED EXACTLY THE POWER REQUIRED 219 00:10:52,700 --> 00:10:54,766 TO PROPEL THEIR AIRCRAFT. 220 00:10:54,768 --> 00:10:56,736 WHAT ABOUT STEERING AND PILOTING 221 00:10:56,738 --> 00:10:58,471 THESE EARLY PLANES, WILLY WIDGET? 222 00:10:58,473 --> 00:11:00,238 VERY GOOD QUESTION, VROOMER. 223 00:11:00,240 --> 00:11:02,474 I SEE YOU ARE PAYING ATTENTION. 224 00:11:02,476 --> 00:11:05,745 DURING THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY, 225 00:11:05,747 --> 00:11:10,650 AIRCRAFTS HAD USED A STEERING GEAR FOR YAW CONTROL, 226 00:11:10,652 --> 00:11:14,853 WHICH IS DIRECTING THE PLANE'S NOSE TO THE LEFT AND RIGHT. 227 00:11:14,855 --> 00:11:17,756 CAYLEY WAS THE FIRST TO CREATE AN ELEVATOR 228 00:11:17,758 --> 00:11:19,525 FOR CONTROL IN PITCH, 229 00:11:19,527 --> 00:11:23,663 WHICH IS THE DIRECTING OF A PLANE'S NOSE UP OR DOWN. 230 00:11:23,665 --> 00:11:25,865 IT WAS FINALLY THE WRIGHT BROTHERS 231 00:11:25,867 --> 00:11:29,569 WHO DEVISED A SYSTEM THEY CALLED WING WARPING, 232 00:11:29,571 --> 00:11:31,771 WHICH ALLOWED THE PILOT CONTROL 233 00:11:31,773 --> 00:11:34,640 OVER THE MOVEMENT OF THE WINGS. 234 00:11:34,642 --> 00:11:37,343 WERE THE WRIGHT BROTHERS THE ONLY ONES 235 00:11:37,345 --> 00:11:39,645 WHO CREATED AIRCRAFTS AROUND THIS TIME? 236 00:11:39,647 --> 00:11:42,848 THEY WERE THE FIRST TO SUCCESSFULLY FLY ONE, 237 00:11:42,850 --> 00:11:46,151 BUT DEFINITELY NOT THE ONLY ONES TO DO SO. 238 00:11:46,153 --> 00:11:50,189 LET'S TAKE A TOUR OF EUROPE AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY 239 00:11:50,191 --> 00:11:54,827 AND WE'LL FIND AVIATORS LIKE BRAZILIAN-BORN ALBERTO SANTOS-DUMONT 240 00:11:54,829 --> 00:11:59,198 WHO MADE THE FIRST PUBLIC FLIGHT IN EUROPE IN 1906. 241 00:11:59,200 --> 00:12:01,467 AND THE FRENCHMAN HENRI FARMAN 242 00:12:01,469 --> 00:12:04,370 WHO MADE HIS FIRST SUCCESSFUL ATTEMPT AT FLIGHT 243 00:12:04,372 --> 00:12:07,372 THE FOLLOWING YEAR IN 1907. 244 00:12:07,374 --> 00:12:08,708 WHOA. 245 00:12:08,710 --> 00:12:10,476 WHAT HAPPENED AFTER THAT, WILLY WIDGET? 246 00:12:10,478 --> 00:12:12,645 AS WORLD WAR ONE APPROACHED, 247 00:12:12,647 --> 00:12:14,579 THE GOVERNMENTS OF VARIOUS COUNTRIES 248 00:12:14,581 --> 00:12:18,718 FORESAW THE POTENTIAL OF WAR PLANES DURING WAR TIME. 249 00:12:18,720 --> 00:12:22,788 AIRPLANE PRODUCTION AND IMPROVEMENTS IN AERODYNAMICS SURGED. 250 00:12:22,790 --> 00:12:25,458 CONSTRUCTION OF AIRCRAFTS INCREASED, 251 00:12:25,460 --> 00:12:28,461 ALONG WITH THE POWER OF THE AIRCRAFT'S MOTOR. 252 00:12:28,463 --> 00:12:30,496 PLANES ALSO BECAME FASTER 253 00:12:30,498 --> 00:12:32,631 AND CAPABLE OF FLYING HIGHER. 254 00:12:32,633 --> 00:12:35,267 DURING THE FIRST WORLD WAR, 255 00:12:35,269 --> 00:12:40,338 AIRPLANE SPEEDS INCREASED TO 130 MILES PER HOUR 256 00:12:40,340 --> 00:12:42,440 AND AERIAL BATTLES WERE TAKING PLACE 257 00:12:42,442 --> 00:12:46,312 AT THE INCREDIBLE ALTITUDE OF 20,000 FEET. 258 00:12:46,314 --> 00:12:47,780 WHOA! 259 00:12:47,782 --> 00:12:50,916 TOOTING TURBINES, THAT'S INCREDIBLE! 260 00:12:50,918 --> 00:12:54,420 AFTER THE WAR, THERE WERE A LOT OF AIRPLANES 261 00:12:54,422 --> 00:12:56,421 WAITING FOR THEIR NEXT ASSIGNMENT. 262 00:12:56,423 --> 00:12:59,625 MANY OF THEM WERE CONVERTED FOR COMMERCIAL USE. 263 00:12:59,627 --> 00:13:03,228 EVEN THE U.S. POST OFFICE JUMPED ON BOARD 264 00:13:03,230 --> 00:13:07,567 AND LAUNCHED ITS FIRST AIR MAIL IN 1918. 265 00:13:07,569 --> 00:13:10,803 IMAGINE HOW FAST MAIL GOT DELIVERED NOW 266 00:13:10,805 --> 00:13:13,271 WITH THE HELP OF COMMERCIAL PLANES. 267 00:13:13,273 --> 00:13:14,940 SENDING MAIL BY PLANE 268 00:13:14,942 --> 00:13:17,309 ALLOWED PARCELS TO GET FROM COAST TO COAST 269 00:13:17,311 --> 00:13:19,812 22 HOURS SOONER. 270 00:13:19,814 --> 00:13:22,781 WHOO-HOO! 271 00:13:22,783 --> 00:13:24,686 YAY! 272 00:13:29,856 --> 00:13:32,958 AVIATION'S IMPROVEMENTS CONTINUED IN EARNEST, 273 00:13:32,960 --> 00:13:36,562 AND IN 1927, INVENTOR, WRITER, 274 00:13:36,564 --> 00:13:38,731 AND AVIATOR CHARLES LINDBERGH 275 00:13:38,733 --> 00:13:41,233 COMPLETED THE FIRST NONSTOP 276 00:13:41,235 --> 00:13:43,836 CONTINENT-TO-CONTINENT FLIGHT EVER. 277 00:13:43,838 --> 00:13:46,738 HE FLEW FROM NEW JERSEY TO PARIS 278 00:13:46,740 --> 00:13:50,476 IN 33 HOURS ALL BY HIMSELF. 279 00:13:50,478 --> 00:13:53,545 SUDDENLY, AMERICANS TOOK AN INTEREST IN AVIATION 280 00:13:53,547 --> 00:13:55,280 LIKE NEVER BEFORE. 281 00:13:55,282 --> 00:13:58,883 PASSENGER FLIGHT BECAME ALL THE RAGE 282 00:13:58,885 --> 00:14:02,788 AND A LOT OF COMPANIES INVESTED INTO THE AVIATION INDUSTRY. 283 00:14:02,790 --> 00:14:06,692 THE WORLD JUST BECAME SMALLER AND SMALLER 284 00:14:06,694 --> 00:14:09,328 AS PEOPLE COULD TRAVEL FROM CONTINENT TO CONTINENT 285 00:14:09,330 --> 00:14:12,798 IN JUST A FEW HOURS AS OPPOSED TO MONTHS. 286 00:14:12,800 --> 00:14:15,001 COOL SKIES. 287 00:14:15,003 --> 00:14:19,671 NOWADAYS, AVIATION HAS CREATED AMAZING OPPORTUNITIES 288 00:14:19,673 --> 00:14:21,339 AROUND THE WORLD 289 00:14:21,341 --> 00:14:24,410 FOR EVEN MORE TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES. 290 00:14:24,412 --> 00:14:27,479 WHEN DID THE FIRST AND LONGEST UNMANNED AIRCRAFT FLIGHT 291 00:14:27,481 --> 00:14:28,747 TAKE PLACE, WILLY WIDGET? 292 00:14:28,749 --> 00:14:30,882 HA HA, YES! 293 00:14:30,884 --> 00:14:34,420 THE RECORD GOES TO THE AMAZING GLOBAL HAWK, 294 00:14:34,422 --> 00:14:35,987 DEVELOPED BY NASA. 295 00:14:35,989 --> 00:14:40,325 IN 2001, THE GLOBAL HAWK WAS THE FIRST AIRPLANE 296 00:14:40,327 --> 00:14:43,862 TO ACCOMPLISH THE LONGEST POINT-TO-POINT FLIGHT 297 00:14:43,864 --> 00:14:46,966 BY AN UNMANNED AIRCRAFT EVER. 298 00:14:46,968 --> 00:14:48,467 HEY, GUMDROP, 299 00:14:48,469 --> 00:14:50,035 I THINK WE JUST FOUND OUT THE ANSWER 300 00:14:50,037 --> 00:14:52,838 TO COMMANDER AIRHEAD'S "WHO FLEW" QUESTION. 301 00:14:52,840 --> 00:14:54,339 YOU'RE RIGHT, VROOMER. 302 00:14:54,341 --> 00:14:57,575 THE RECORD GOES TO THE AMAZING GLOBAL HAWK 303 00:14:57,577 --> 00:14:59,011 DEVELOPED BY NASA. 304 00:14:59,013 --> 00:15:02,615 AH, CONGRATULATIONS ON FINDING THE ANSWER 305 00:15:02,617 --> 00:15:05,818 TO THIS MISSION'S "WHO FLEW" QUESTION, WINGED SCOUTS. 306 00:15:05,820 --> 00:15:08,753 COMMANDER AIRHEAD WILL BE PROUD OF YOU, 307 00:15:08,755 --> 00:15:10,491 NO PISTONS ABOUT IT. 308 00:15:17,598 --> 00:15:20,498 FANTASTIC WORK, WINGED SCOUTS. 309 00:15:20,500 --> 00:15:23,736 YOUR MISSION WAS A GREAT SUCCESS. 310 00:15:23,738 --> 00:15:25,737 YOU'RE WELL ON YOUR WAY TO WINNING 311 00:15:25,739 --> 00:15:28,873 THE PRESTIGIOUS PLANES WITH BRAINS AWARD. 312 00:15:28,875 --> 00:15:31,510 VROOM, VROOM! 313 00:15:31,512 --> 00:15:33,779 VRR... AWESOME! 314 00:15:33,781 --> 00:15:39,718 SAY, WERE YOU ABLE TO FIND THE ANSWER TO THIS MISSION'S "WHO FLEW" QUESTION? 315 00:15:39,720 --> 00:15:42,521 YES, COMMANDER AIRHEAD, WE SURE DID. 316 00:15:42,523 --> 00:15:44,723 THE RECORD GOES TO THE AMAZING GLOBAL HAWK 317 00:15:44,725 --> 00:15:46,525 DEVELOPED BY NASA! 318 00:15:46,527 --> 00:15:49,694 THE FIRST AND LONGEST UNMANNED AIRCRAFT FLIGHT 319 00:15:49,696 --> 00:15:53,366 WAS ACHIEVED BY THE GLOBAL HAWK IN 2001. 320 00:15:53,368 --> 00:15:54,799 THAT'S GREAT! 321 00:15:54,801 --> 00:15:57,469 GOOD JOB, WINGED SCOUTS. 322 00:15:57,471 --> 00:15:59,872 WHAT'S OUR NEXT MISSION, COMMANDER AIRHEAD? 323 00:15:59,874 --> 00:16:04,043 YOUR NEXT MISSION IS GOING TO BE YOUR MOST INCREDIBLE YET. 324 00:16:04,045 --> 00:16:08,848 WE WANT YOU TO LEARN ABOUT HOW PLANES FLY. 325 00:16:08,850 --> 00:16:10,882 HOW PLANES FLY? 326 00:16:10,884 --> 00:16:11,883 WOW! 327 00:16:11,885 --> 00:16:13,551 COOL! 328 00:16:13,553 --> 00:16:15,554 FOR ALL THE BUMPY FLIGHTS, 329 00:16:15,556 --> 00:16:17,455 CAN'T WAIT TO GET STARTED. 330 00:16:17,457 --> 00:16:19,391 YAY! 331 00:16:19,393 --> 00:16:22,026 WINGED SCOUTS READY TO FLY, COMMANDER AIRHEAD. 332 00:16:22,028 --> 00:16:23,762 WINGED SCOUTS. 333 00:16:23,764 --> 00:16:25,765 VROOM, VROOM! VROOM! 334 00:16:25,767 --> 00:16:28,166 HOORAY! 335 00:16:31,172 --> 00:16:32,872 GUMDROP, VROOMER, 336 00:16:32,874 --> 00:16:37,476 AS WE KNOW, THERE ARE NO LIMITS TO WHAT WE CAN LEARN. 337 00:16:37,478 --> 00:16:40,780 CONSIDERING YOU TWO DID SO WELL LAST TIME, 338 00:16:40,782 --> 00:16:43,882 I HAVE ANOTHER ADVENTURE FOR YOU. 339 00:16:43,884 --> 00:16:45,918 YOUR MISSION, GUMDROP AND VROOMER, 340 00:16:45,920 --> 00:16:51,756 IS TO DISCOVER ALL ABOUT THE MOST FASCINATING MACHINES OF ALL. 341 00:16:51,758 --> 00:16:53,525 PLANES! 342 00:16:53,527 --> 00:16:55,961 PLANES! 343 00:16:55,963 --> 00:16:57,963 EXACTLY! 344 00:16:57,965 --> 00:17:01,666 YOU WILL TRAVEL ALL OVER THE WORLD 345 00:17:01,668 --> 00:17:05,037 ACROSS TIME, SPACE, AND BEYOND. 346 00:17:05,039 --> 00:17:08,874 YOU MUST KEEP YOUR LITTLE METAL NOSES POINTED AHEAD, 347 00:17:08,876 --> 00:17:10,608 YOUR MOTORS HUMMING, 348 00:17:10,610 --> 00:17:13,479 AND YOUR WINGS PERKED AT ALL TIMES. 349 00:17:13,481 --> 00:17:16,982 WE DEPEND ON YOU TO DO THE BEST JOB POSSIBLE. 350 00:17:16,984 --> 00:17:19,751 ARE YOU READY FOR YOUR ASSIGNMENT? 351 00:17:19,753 --> 00:17:22,687 AS READY AS WE'LL EVER BE, COMMANDER. 352 00:17:22,689 --> 00:17:25,124 WE WERE BORN READY. 353 00:17:25,126 --> 00:17:28,927 PLANE SCOUTS READY FOR OUR MISSION, COMMANDER AIRHEAD. 354 00:17:28,929 --> 00:17:33,898 THIS IS SURE TO BE A CHALLENGING MISSION, LITTLE ONES. 355 00:17:33,900 --> 00:17:36,569 IS THERE ANY OTHER KIND? 356 00:17:36,571 --> 00:17:38,771 THE MORE CHALLENGING, THE BETTER! 357 00:17:38,773 --> 00:17:40,539 GLAD TO HEAR IT 358 00:17:40,541 --> 00:17:42,674 BECAUSE I'M SENDING YOU TWO 359 00:17:42,676 --> 00:17:47,111 ON A MISSION TO LEARN HOW DO PLANES FLY? 360 00:17:47,113 --> 00:17:49,548 HOW DO PLANES FLY? 361 00:17:49,550 --> 00:17:50,982 COOL. 362 00:17:50,984 --> 00:17:52,885 CAN'T WAIT! 363 00:17:52,887 --> 00:17:55,620 IT'S UP TO YOU TO LEARN ALL ABOUT IT 364 00:17:55,622 --> 00:17:58,757 AND REPORT BACK TO ME WITH WHAT YOU'VE DISCOVERED. 365 00:17:58,759 --> 00:18:00,859 DEPART TO DISCOVERY. 366 00:18:00,861 --> 00:18:04,829 LOOKING FORWARD TO NAVIGATING ALL THOSE FACTOIDS. 367 00:18:04,831 --> 00:18:07,933 WHAT CAN YOU TELL US ABOUT HOW PLANES FLY? 368 00:18:07,935 --> 00:18:10,903 WHAT ARE THE MECHANICS OF FLIGHT, COMMANDER AIRHEAD? 369 00:18:10,905 --> 00:18:15,174 WELL, A PLANE'S ENGINES ARE DESIGNED 370 00:18:15,176 --> 00:18:18,077 TO MOVE IT FORWARD AT HIGH SPEED. 371 00:18:18,079 --> 00:18:21,981 THAT MAKES AIR FLOW RAPIDLY OVER THE WINGS, 372 00:18:21,983 --> 00:18:24,683 THROWING THE AIR DOWN TOWARD THE GROUND 373 00:18:24,685 --> 00:18:27,986 AND GENERATING AN UPWARD FORCE CALLED LIFT 374 00:18:27,988 --> 00:18:32,857 THAT OVERCOMES THE PLANE'S WEIGHT AND HOLDS IT IN THE SKY. 375 00:18:32,859 --> 00:18:36,161 SO IT'S THE ENGINES THAT MOVE A PLANE FORWARD, 376 00:18:36,163 --> 00:18:38,864 WHILE THE WINGS MOVE IT UPWARD. 377 00:18:38,866 --> 00:18:40,232 WOW! 378 00:18:40,234 --> 00:18:42,166 I CAN'T WAIT TO FIND OUT MORE! 379 00:18:42,168 --> 00:18:44,537 HOW DO PLANES FLY? 380 00:18:44,539 --> 00:18:47,740 SOUNDS ABSOLUTELY AMAZING! 381 00:18:47,742 --> 00:18:50,142 AS YOU KNOW, VROOMER AND GUMDROP, 382 00:18:50,144 --> 00:18:52,978 TO BE THE BEST RESEARCH PLANES YOU CAN BE, 383 00:18:52,980 --> 00:18:55,180 YOU MUST FIND OUT AND LEARN 384 00:18:55,182 --> 00:18:58,983 TONS OF AMAZING FACTS ABOUT AIRPLANES. 385 00:18:58,985 --> 00:19:01,185 YES, COMMANDER AIRHEAD. 386 00:19:01,187 --> 00:19:03,688 VROOM, VROOM! 387 00:19:03,690 --> 00:19:04,690 WE WILL! 388 00:19:04,692 --> 00:19:06,058 EXCELLENT. 389 00:19:06,060 --> 00:19:08,894 YOU MUST ALSO KNOW THERE IS A QUESTION 390 00:19:08,896 --> 00:19:11,563 THAT ALL THE BRIGHTEST FLYING MINDS 391 00:19:11,565 --> 00:19:14,199 ALL OVER THE WORLD SKIES 392 00:19:14,201 --> 00:19:16,068 HAVE NOT BEEN ABLE TO ANSWER 393 00:19:16,070 --> 00:19:18,837 ABOUT HOW PLANES FLY. 394 00:19:18,839 --> 00:19:21,272 WE NEED YOU TWO WINGED SCOUTS 395 00:19:21,274 --> 00:19:24,209 TO HELP US ANSWER THE "WHO FLEW" QUESTION 396 00:19:24,211 --> 00:19:27,646 ABOUT HOW PLANES FLY. 397 00:19:27,648 --> 00:19:29,048 "WHO FLEW" QUESTION? 398 00:19:29,050 --> 00:19:30,582 LOVE IT. 399 00:19:30,584 --> 00:19:32,784 WHAT IS THE QUESTION, COMMANDER AIRHEAD? 400 00:19:32,786 --> 00:19:38,057 WHAT IS THE FASTEST PASSENGER AIRCRAFT EVER BUILT, 401 00:19:38,059 --> 00:19:40,125 AND WHAT ENGINE DOES IT USE? 402 00:19:40,127 --> 00:19:43,761 THAT'S A GREAT QUESTION, COMMANDER AIRHEAD. 403 00:19:43,763 --> 00:19:46,264 WE'LL LAND THE ANSWER IN A SPIN OF A PROPELLER. 404 00:19:46,266 --> 00:19:47,633 I'M SURE. 405 00:19:47,635 --> 00:19:49,201 I WILL ASSIGN YOU 406 00:19:49,203 --> 00:19:52,037 THE BEST WINGED SCOUT HELPER IN THE WORLD. 407 00:19:52,039 --> 00:19:54,072 HIS NAME IS WILLY WIDGET. 408 00:19:54,074 --> 00:19:58,711 HE'S A ROBOTIC ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AIRCRAFT KNOWLEDGE. 409 00:19:58,713 --> 00:20:01,646 HE WILL ASSIST YOU ON YOUR MISSION. 410 00:20:01,648 --> 00:20:03,682 AWESOME ANDROID. 411 00:20:03,684 --> 00:20:06,618 WE ALWAYS LOVE FLYING WITH WILLY WIDGET. 412 00:20:06,620 --> 00:20:10,990 BE SURE TO ASK A LOT OF QUESTIONS, WINGED SCOUTS. 413 00:20:10,992 --> 00:20:13,192 WILLY KNOWS IT ALL. 414 00:20:13,194 --> 00:20:14,827 YAY! 415 00:20:14,829 --> 00:20:17,363 WINGED SCOUTS READY TO FLY, COMMANDER AIRHEAD. 416 00:20:17,365 --> 00:20:19,130 WINGED SCOUTS. 417 00:20:19,132 --> 00:20:21,399 VROOM, VROOM! 418 00:20:21,401 --> 00:20:23,402 HOORAY! 419 00:20:36,050 --> 00:20:37,883 WINGED SCOUTS! 420 00:20:37,885 --> 00:20:40,251 READY TO GET STARTED ON YOUR NEXT ADVENTURE? 421 00:20:40,253 --> 00:20:42,754 YES, SUPER READY. 422 00:20:42,756 --> 00:20:44,056 TOTALLY READY! 423 00:20:44,058 --> 00:20:45,790 REMEMBER, WINGED SCOUTS, 424 00:20:45,792 --> 00:20:47,760 ANY AND ALL QUESTIONS YOU HAVE, 425 00:20:47,762 --> 00:20:49,427 I'M HERE TO ANSWER THEM. 426 00:20:49,429 --> 00:20:51,195 WHERE DO WE BEGIN? 427 00:20:51,197 --> 00:20:54,098 ONCE UPON A TIME, THE TWO BROTHERS, 428 00:20:54,100 --> 00:20:55,967 WILBUR AND ORVILLE WRIGHT, 429 00:20:55,969 --> 00:20:57,836 MADE FOUR BRIEF FLIGHTS 430 00:20:57,838 --> 00:21:01,440 WITH THEIR FIRST POWERED AIRCRAFT AT KITTY HAWK. 431 00:21:01,442 --> 00:21:04,777 THE WRIGHT BROTHERS SUCCESSFULLY INVENTED THE FIRST AIRPLANE 432 00:21:04,779 --> 00:21:08,246 TO FLY ON DECEMBER 17TH, 1903. 433 00:21:08,248 --> 00:21:12,117 ORVILLE PILOTED THE GASOLINE-POWERED PROPELLER-DRIVEN BIPLANE, 434 00:21:12,119 --> 00:21:15,220 WHICH STAYED IN THE AIR FOR 12 SECONDS 435 00:21:15,222 --> 00:21:19,692 AND COVERED 120 FEET ON ITS FIRST FLIGHT. 436 00:21:19,694 --> 00:21:21,359 WHOA. 437 00:21:21,361 --> 00:21:23,761 TO TRACE THE FIRST FLIGHT OVER 438 00:21:23,763 --> 00:21:26,732 AND LEARN MORE ABOUT THE MECHANICS OF FLYING, 439 00:21:26,734 --> 00:21:30,469 WE NEED TO TRAVEL BACK IN TIME TO 1903 440 00:21:30,471 --> 00:21:34,740 TO WITNESS THIS FIRST SUCCESSFUL FLIGHT TO EVER TAKE PLACE. 441 00:21:34,742 --> 00:21:37,341 LET'S GO VISIT THE DESIGNERS OF THE MECHANICS 442 00:21:37,343 --> 00:21:39,278 OF THE EARLY PLANES. 443 00:21:39,280 --> 00:21:40,915 YEAH! 444 00:21:45,151 --> 00:21:49,088 IN GERMANY, GERMAN ENGINEER, OTTO LILIENTHAL 445 00:21:49,090 --> 00:21:50,989 STUDIED AERODYNAMICS 446 00:21:50,991 --> 00:21:54,859 AND WORKED TO DESIGN A GLIDER THAT WOULD FLY. 447 00:21:54,861 --> 00:21:58,062 HE WAS THE FIRST PERSON TO DESIGN A GLIDER 448 00:21:58,064 --> 00:21:59,798 THAT COULD FLY A PERSON 449 00:21:59,800 --> 00:22:03,501 AND WAS ABLE TO FLY LONG DISTANCES. 450 00:22:03,503 --> 00:22:06,171 SAMUEL LANGLEY, AN ASTRONOMER, 451 00:22:06,173 --> 00:22:09,441 REALIZED THAT POWER WAS NEEDED TO FLY. 452 00:22:09,443 --> 00:22:12,144 HE BUILT A MODEL OF A PLANE, 453 00:22:12,146 --> 00:22:14,413 WHICH HE CALLED AN AERODROME, 454 00:22:14,415 --> 00:22:17,281 WHICH INCLUDED A STEAM-POWERED ENGINE. 455 00:22:17,283 --> 00:22:22,186 IN 1891, HIS MODEL FLEW FOR THREE-FOURTHS OF A MILE 456 00:22:22,188 --> 00:22:24,155 BEFORE RUNNING OUT OF FUEL. 457 00:22:24,157 --> 00:22:27,392 WHAT'S A GLIDER, WILLY WIDGET? 458 00:22:27,394 --> 00:22:30,028 A GLIDER IS A LIGHT AIRCRAFT 459 00:22:30,030 --> 00:22:33,432 THAT IS DESIGNED TO FLY WITHOUT USING AN ENGINE. 460 00:22:33,434 --> 00:22:38,870 SO, A GLIDER PERFORMS THE ACT OF GLIDING THROUGH THE AIR. 461 00:22:38,872 --> 00:22:41,874 DO YOU KNOW THAT YOU TWO GUYS GLIDE 462 00:22:41,876 --> 00:22:44,041 EVERY TIME YOU FLY? 463 00:22:44,043 --> 00:22:45,543 INCREDIBLE! 464 00:22:45,545 --> 00:22:48,946 HIT MY PLANE BRAIN WITH MORE COOL FACTOIDS. 465 00:22:48,948 --> 00:22:54,418 IN 1903, THE WRIGHT BROTHERS DESIGNED THE FIRST AIRPLANE ENGINE 466 00:22:54,420 --> 00:22:58,790 WHICH WAS A FOUR-CYCLE ENGINE CALLED THE WRIGHT FLYER. 467 00:22:58,792 --> 00:23:02,528 BLASTING ENGINES, THAT'S AMAZING. 468 00:23:02,530 --> 00:23:08,166 IN THE 1930S, HUNGARIAN ENGINEER GYORGY JENDRASSIK 469 00:23:08,168 --> 00:23:11,069 DESIGNED THE JENDRASSIK CA-1, 470 00:23:11,071 --> 00:23:14,338 THE FIRST FUNCTIONAL TURBOPROP ENGINE. 471 00:23:14,340 --> 00:23:17,442 THE ENGINE WAS INTENDED FOR THE HUNGARIAN TWIN ENGINE 472 00:23:17,444 --> 00:23:20,546 VARGA RMI-1 RECONNAISSANCE BOMBER. 473 00:23:20,548 --> 00:23:23,382 VERY INTERESTING. 474 00:23:23,384 --> 00:23:25,416 WHAT HAPPENED NEXT, WILLY? 475 00:23:25,418 --> 00:23:27,586 EXCELLENT QUESTION, GUMDROP. 476 00:23:27,588 --> 00:23:31,490 IN 1911, AFTER THE WRIGHT BROTHERS VISITED FRANCE, 477 00:23:31,492 --> 00:23:35,560 ALESSANDRO ANZANI, AN ITALIAN LIVING IN FRANCE, 478 00:23:35,562 --> 00:23:38,896 WAS INSPIRED TO START DESIGNING AIRPLANE ENGINES. 479 00:23:38,898 --> 00:23:42,568 HE DESIGNED A SERIES OF THREE-CYLINDER ENGINES 480 00:23:42,570 --> 00:23:46,437 THAT PRODUCED ANYWHERE FROM TEN TO 50 HORSEPOWER, 481 00:23:46,439 --> 00:23:49,374 INCLUDING THE 25 HORSEPOWER ENGINE 482 00:23:49,376 --> 00:23:53,044 THAT POWERED LOUIS BLERIOT'S XI AIRPLANE 483 00:23:53,046 --> 00:23:58,983 ACROSS THE WHOLE ENGLISH CHANNEL IN 1909. 484 00:23:58,985 --> 00:24:01,220 WHOA, FUN FACTOID! 485 00:24:01,222 --> 00:24:03,588 SO, HOW DID WE GO FROM THESE SLOW PLANES 486 00:24:03,590 --> 00:24:06,390 TO THE VERY FAST AIRPLANES WE HAVE TODAY? 487 00:24:06,392 --> 00:24:08,993 THAT'S A VERY GOOD QUESTION, VROOMER. 488 00:24:08,995 --> 00:24:12,030 IN THE LATE 1920S IN FRANCE, 489 00:24:12,032 --> 00:24:14,332 THE GNOME-RHONE MISTRAL MAJOR, 490 00:24:14,334 --> 00:24:16,467 ALSO KNOWN AS THE 14K, 491 00:24:16,469 --> 00:24:18,936 WAS A TWO-ROW RADIAL ENGINE 492 00:24:18,938 --> 00:24:21,005 THAT WAS, FOR A TIME, 493 00:24:21,007 --> 00:24:22,574 THE MOST POWERFUL ENGINE 494 00:24:22,576 --> 00:24:25,143 ORDERED IN LARGE NUMBERS ON THE PLANET. 495 00:24:25,145 --> 00:24:28,246 IT GAVE AN AMAZING OUTPUT, 496 00:24:28,248 --> 00:24:32,251 SURPASSING THE OUTPUTS OF MOST OTHER EUROPEAN ENGINES. 497 00:24:32,253 --> 00:24:34,152 WHOO-HOO! 498 00:24:34,154 --> 00:24:36,555 MM, WHAT TYPES OF PLANES 499 00:24:36,557 --> 00:24:40,559 WAS THE GNOME-RHONE 14K ENGINE USED FOR, WILLY WIDGET? 500 00:24:40,561 --> 00:24:44,262 THE GNOME-RHONE 14K ENGINE WAS USED 501 00:24:44,264 --> 00:24:47,265 IN MORE THAN A DOZEN DIFFERENT AIRPLANE TYPES, 502 00:24:47,267 --> 00:24:50,601 AND WAS AVAILABLE IN A LARGE NUMBER OF DIFFERENT VARIANTS 503 00:24:50,603 --> 00:24:53,238 ON THE CONTINENT AND BEYOND. 504 00:24:53,240 --> 00:24:55,273 WHOA, WILLY, 505 00:24:55,275 --> 00:24:57,608 FACTOID COOLER THAN RAIN CLOUDS 506 00:24:57,610 --> 00:25:00,111 AFTER A SPRING SHOWER. 507 00:25:00,113 --> 00:25:02,246 WHAT ENGINE TYPE WAS USED TO POWER 508 00:25:02,248 --> 00:25:04,683 THE APOLLO 11 SPACESHIP, WILLY? 509 00:25:04,685 --> 00:25:06,585 EXCELLENT QUESTION, VROOMER. 510 00:25:06,587 --> 00:25:10,422 THE APOLLO 11 SPACESHIP IN 1969 511 00:25:10,424 --> 00:25:12,624 COMPLETED THE FAMOUS LUNAR MISSION 512 00:25:12,626 --> 00:25:15,626 AND WAS POWERED BY THE ROCKETDYNE F-1, 513 00:25:15,628 --> 00:25:18,329 WHICH WAS DEVELOPED IN THE 1950S. 514 00:25:18,331 --> 00:25:22,000 WHAT KIND OF ENGINE WAS THE ROCKETDYNE F-1, WILLY WIDGET? 515 00:25:22,002 --> 00:25:24,202 VERY GOOD QUESTION, VROOMER. 516 00:25:24,204 --> 00:25:26,405 I SEE YOU ARE PAYING ATTENTION. 517 00:25:26,407 --> 00:25:30,442 THE ROCKETDYNE F-1 WAS THE MOST POWERFUL 518 00:25:30,444 --> 00:25:33,945 LIQUID FUEL PROPULSION SYSTEM EVER BUILT 519 00:25:33,947 --> 00:25:38,549 AND PUT OUT 1.5 MILLION POUNDS OF THRUST. 520 00:25:38,551 --> 00:25:43,588 FIVE F-1S WERE USED FOR EACH SATURN V ROCKET LAUNCH 521 00:25:43,590 --> 00:25:48,159 WITH EACH ENGINE BURNING MORE THAN 400 GALLONS 522 00:25:48,161 --> 00:25:50,462 OF LIQUID OXYGEN PER SECOND, 523 00:25:50,464 --> 00:25:54,366 APPROXIMATELY 5,000 TIMES THE AMOUNT 524 00:25:54,368 --> 00:25:56,201 OF A HIGH-POWERED JET ENGINE 525 00:25:56,203 --> 00:25:58,502 USED ON COMMERCIAL AIRLINERS TODAY. 526 00:25:58,504 --> 00:26:00,605 WHAT DOES IT TAKE TO MAKE AN AIRPLANE 527 00:26:00,607 --> 00:26:03,075 GO 7,000 MILES PER HOUR? 528 00:26:03,077 --> 00:26:07,044 ACCORDING TO NASA'S X-43 IN 2004, 529 00:26:07,046 --> 00:26:11,215 THE ANSWER IS SUPERSONIC COMBUSTION RAM JET, 530 00:26:11,217 --> 00:26:13,151 OR SCRAMJET, 531 00:26:13,153 --> 00:26:16,421 TECHNOLOGY WHICH ALLOWS ULTRA HIGH-SPEED AIRCRAFT 532 00:26:16,423 --> 00:26:18,656 TRAVELLING FASTER THAN MACH 4 533 00:26:18,658 --> 00:26:22,426 TO GET THEIR OXYGEN STRAIGHT FROM THE ATMOSPHERE, 534 00:26:22,428 --> 00:26:26,263 AS OPPOSED TO RELYING ON AN ONBOARD SUPPLY 535 00:26:26,265 --> 00:26:30,001 OF HEAVY OXIDIZER OR A TRADITIONAL TURBINE ENGINE, 536 00:26:30,003 --> 00:26:31,435 MAKING THEM FASTER. 537 00:26:31,437 --> 00:26:34,539 WHOA, HOW FAST CAN THEY GO? 538 00:26:34,541 --> 00:26:37,675 ACCORDING TO RESEARCH, THE SCRAMJET TECHNOLOGY 539 00:26:37,677 --> 00:26:40,779 COULD SOMEDAY HELP AIRCRAFTS TO TRAVEL 540 00:26:40,781 --> 00:26:44,715 AS MUCH AS 15 TIMES THE SPEED OF SOUND, 541 00:26:44,717 --> 00:26:49,186 TURNING A NORMAL 18-HOUR FLIGHT FROM NEW YORK CITY TO TOKYO 542 00:26:49,188 --> 00:26:51,690 INTO A TWO-HOUR JOURNEY. 543 00:26:51,692 --> 00:26:53,759 WHOA! 544 00:26:53,761 --> 00:26:57,128 TOOTING TURBINES, THAT'S INCREDIBLE! 545 00:26:57,130 --> 00:27:00,665 OVER THE YEARS, MANY NEW AIRPLANES AND ENGINES 546 00:27:00,667 --> 00:27:04,136 HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED TO HELP TRANSPORT PEOPLE, 547 00:27:04,138 --> 00:27:07,172 LUGGAGE, CARGO, MILITARY PERSONNEL, 548 00:27:07,174 --> 00:27:09,741 AND WEAPONS FROM ONE PLACE TO ANOTHER 549 00:27:09,743 --> 00:27:11,475 IN RECORD TIME. 550 00:27:11,477 --> 00:27:13,744 BUT IT IS GREAT TO NOTE 551 00:27:13,746 --> 00:27:16,781 THAT ALL THIS IS ONLY POSSIBLE 552 00:27:16,783 --> 00:27:19,417 AND BASED ON THE FIRST ENGINES 553 00:27:19,419 --> 00:27:21,819 BUILT BY THE WRIGHT BROTHERS FROM OHIO. 554 00:27:21,821 --> 00:27:25,223 WHOO! 555 00:27:25,225 --> 00:27:27,459 YAY! 556 00:27:27,461 --> 00:27:31,128 THE MECHANICS OF FLIGHT HAVE IMPROVED OVER THE YEARS. 557 00:27:31,130 --> 00:27:35,466 THE AN-225 HOLDS THE TITLE OF THE BIGGEST 558 00:27:35,468 --> 00:27:39,136 COMMERCIALLY-USED FREIGHTER IN THE WORLD. 559 00:27:39,138 --> 00:27:42,307 POWERED BY SIX TURBOFAN ENGINES, 560 00:27:42,309 --> 00:27:46,243 IT IS THE BIGGEST HEAVIER-THAN-AIR AIRCRAFT 561 00:27:46,245 --> 00:27:48,746 IN TERMS OF LENGTH AND WINGSPAN 562 00:27:48,748 --> 00:27:50,781 IN OPERATIONAL SERVICE. 563 00:27:50,783 --> 00:27:52,584 IT IS ABLE TO CARRY 564 00:27:52,586 --> 00:27:57,355 UP TO 250 TONS OF CARGO, 565 00:27:57,357 --> 00:27:59,390 WHICH IS THE SAME AS THE AVERAGE WEIGHT 566 00:27:59,392 --> 00:28:02,394 OF 52 MATURE ELEPHANTS. 567 00:28:02,396 --> 00:28:05,129 THAT'S SOME HEAVY PLANE! 568 00:28:05,131 --> 00:28:07,365 COOL SKIES. 569 00:28:07,367 --> 00:28:10,868 NOWADAYS, PEOPLE CAN GET FROM ONE END OF THE WORLD TO THE OTHER 570 00:28:10,870 --> 00:28:12,671 IN THE SHORTEST OF TIMES 571 00:28:12,673 --> 00:28:15,607 DUE TO THE IMPROVEMENTS OF AIRPLANE ENGINES. 572 00:28:15,609 --> 00:28:18,510 WHAT IS THE FASTEST PASSENGER AIRCRAFT EVER BUILT 573 00:28:18,512 --> 00:28:20,744 AND WHAT ENGINE DOES IT USE, WILLY? 574 00:28:20,746 --> 00:28:22,246 A-HA! 575 00:28:22,248 --> 00:28:25,884 THE SUPERSONIC TUPOLEV TU-144 576 00:28:25,886 --> 00:28:28,686 PRODUCED BY TUPOLEV OKB 577 00:28:28,688 --> 00:28:31,690 BETWEEN 1968 AND 1984 578 00:28:31,692 --> 00:28:35,493 IS THE FASTEST PASSENGER PLANE EVER BUILT. 579 00:28:35,495 --> 00:28:37,128 THE PLANE WAS POWERED BY 580 00:28:37,130 --> 00:28:41,700 FOUR KOLESOV RD-36-51 TURBOJET ENGINES 581 00:28:41,702 --> 00:28:43,335 WITH A MAXIMUM SPEED 582 00:28:43,337 --> 00:28:48,507 OF 1,510 MILES PER HOUR. 583 00:28:48,509 --> 00:28:50,375 HEY, GUMDROP, 584 00:28:50,377 --> 00:28:51,842 I THINK WE JUST FOUND THE ANSWER 585 00:28:51,844 --> 00:28:55,146 TO COMMANDER AIRHEAD'S "WHO FLEW" QUESTION. 586 00:28:55,148 --> 00:28:56,748 YOU'RE RIGHT, VROOMER. 587 00:28:56,750 --> 00:29:00,819 THE RECORD GOES TO THE SUPERSONIC TUPOLEV TU-144 588 00:29:00,821 --> 00:29:03,488 BUILT BY TUPOLEV OKB. 589 00:29:03,490 --> 00:29:06,892 CONGRATULATIONS ON FINDING THE ANSWER 590 00:29:06,894 --> 00:29:10,162 TO THIS MISSION'S "WHO FLEW" QUESTION, WINGED SCOUTS. 591 00:29:10,164 --> 00:29:13,764 COMMANDER AIRHEAD, WILL BE PROUD OF YOU, 592 00:29:13,766 --> 00:29:15,602 NO PISTONS ABOUT IT. 593 00:29:22,309 --> 00:29:25,809 FANTASTIC WORK, WINGED SCOUTS. 594 00:29:25,811 --> 00:29:28,346 YOUR MISSION WAS A GREAT SUCCESS. 595 00:29:28,348 --> 00:29:31,950 YOU TWO ARE A SUPER TURBO TEAM. 596 00:29:31,952 --> 00:29:35,386 VROOM, VROOM! 597 00:29:35,388 --> 00:29:37,888 VRR... AWESOME! 598 00:29:37,890 --> 00:29:41,326 SAY, WERE YOU ABLE TO FIND THE ANSWER 599 00:29:41,328 --> 00:29:44,361 TO THIS MISSION'S "WHO FLEW" QUESTION? 600 00:29:44,363 --> 00:29:47,264 YES, COMMANDER AIRHEAD, WE SURE DID. 601 00:29:47,266 --> 00:29:51,770 THE RECORD GOES TO THE SUPERSONIC TUPOLEV TU-144, 602 00:29:51,772 --> 00:29:54,371 BUILT BY TUPOLEV OKB. 603 00:29:54,373 --> 00:29:56,441 THE FASTEST PASSENGER PLANE 604 00:29:56,443 --> 00:30:01,879 WAS POWERED BY FOUR KOLESOV RD-36-51 TURBOJET ENGINES 605 00:30:01,881 --> 00:30:04,215 WITH A MAXIMUM SPEED 606 00:30:04,217 --> 00:30:07,851 OF 1,510 MILES PER HOUR. 607 00:30:07,853 --> 00:30:09,687 THAT'S GREAT! 608 00:30:09,689 --> 00:30:12,223 GREAT JOB, WINGED SCOUTS. 609 00:30:12,225 --> 00:30:14,858 WHAT'S OUR NEXT MISSION, COMMANDER AIRHEAD? 610 00:30:14,860 --> 00:30:17,596 YOUR NEXT MISSION IS GOING TO BE 611 00:30:17,598 --> 00:30:20,232 YOUR MOST INCREDIBLE YET. 612 00:30:20,234 --> 00:30:24,668 WE WANT YOU TWO TO LEARN ABOUT FIGHTER PLANES. 613 00:30:24,670 --> 00:30:26,605 FIGHTER PLANES. 614 00:30:26,607 --> 00:30:28,706 WOW, COOL! 615 00:30:28,708 --> 00:30:30,742 FOR ALL THE BUMPY FLIGHTS, 616 00:30:30,744 --> 00:30:32,644 CAN'T WAIT TO GET STARTED. 617 00:30:32,646 --> 00:30:34,511 YAY! 618 00:30:34,513 --> 00:30:37,318 WINGED SCOUTS READY TO FLY, COMMANDER AIRHEAD. 619 00:30:38,349 --> 00:30:38,883 WINGED SCOUTS. 620 00:30:38,885 --> 00:30:41,485 VROOM, VROOM! 621 00:30:41,487 --> 00:30:43,922 HOORAY! 622 00:30:43,924 --> 00:30:45,956 FIGHTER PLANE FUN. 623 00:30:45,958 --> 00:30:47,858 THIS IS GONNA BE A BLAST! 624 00:30:47,860 --> 00:30:50,694 MY WINGS ARE ALL A-FLUTTER. 625 00:30:50,696 --> 00:30:53,798 THAT'S WHY I LIKE YOU, WINGED SCOUTS. 626 00:30:53,800 --> 00:30:56,667 YOU'RE ALWAYS UP FOR THE CHALLENGE. 627 00:30:56,669 --> 00:31:01,005 GUMDROP, VROOMER, YOU ARE TWO OF THE BEST 628 00:31:01,007 --> 00:31:03,274 ANSWER-FINDERS IN OUR FLEET. 629 00:31:03,276 --> 00:31:08,012 AND TODAY, I HAVE ANOTHER RESEARCH TASK FOR YOU GUYS. 630 00:31:08,014 --> 00:31:10,648 YOUR MISSION, GUMDROP AND VROOMER 631 00:31:10,650 --> 00:31:15,619 IS TO DISCOVER ALL ABOUT THE MOST FASCINATING MACHINE 632 00:31:15,621 --> 00:31:17,289 OF ALL TIME! 633 00:31:17,291 --> 00:31:19,523 PLANES! 634 00:31:19,525 --> 00:31:21,425 PLANES! 635 00:31:21,427 --> 00:31:25,030 EXACTLY! 636 00:31:25,032 --> 00:31:28,465 YOU WILL TRAVEL ALL OVER THE WORLD 637 00:31:28,467 --> 00:31:33,338 ACROSS TIME, ACROSS SPACE AND BEYOND. 638 00:31:33,340 --> 00:31:36,707 YOU MUST KEEP YOUR LITTLE METAL NOSES POINTED AHEAD, 639 00:31:36,709 --> 00:31:38,342 YOUR MOTORS HUMMING, 640 00:31:38,344 --> 00:31:41,479 AND YOUR WINGS PERKED AT ALL TIMES. 641 00:31:41,481 --> 00:31:45,450 WE DEPEND ON YOU TO DO THE BEST JOB POSSIBLE. 642 00:31:45,452 --> 00:31:48,419 ARE YOU READY FOR YOUR ASSIGNMENT? 643 00:31:48,421 --> 00:31:51,423 I'M LOOPITY LOOPY TO GET STARTED. 644 00:31:51,425 --> 00:31:53,957 WE'LL VROOM TO THE ANSWERS, COMMANDER. 645 00:31:53,959 --> 00:31:55,793 LET'S FLY. 646 00:31:55,795 --> 00:32:00,531 THIS IS SURE TO BE A CHALLENGING MISSION, LITTLE ONES. 647 00:32:00,533 --> 00:32:03,635 CLEAR SKIES AND HIGH MOUNTAIN TOPS. 648 00:32:03,637 --> 00:32:05,703 I LOVE CHALLENGING MISSIONS. 649 00:32:05,705 --> 00:32:07,972 GOLDEN DAWN HORIZONS! 650 00:32:07,974 --> 00:32:09,441 ME TOO! 651 00:32:09,443 --> 00:32:11,542 I'M SENDING YOU TWO ON A MISSION 652 00:32:11,544 --> 00:32:15,379 TO LEARN ABOUT FIGHTER PLANES. 653 00:32:15,381 --> 00:32:17,115 FIGHTER PLANES? 654 00:32:17,117 --> 00:32:18,916 HOW COOL. 655 00:32:18,918 --> 00:32:20,484 CAN'T WAIT! 656 00:32:20,486 --> 00:32:23,988 IT'S UP TO YOU TO LEARN ALL ABOUT THEM 657 00:32:23,990 --> 00:32:26,991 AND REPORT BACK TO ME WITH WHAT YOU'VE DISCOVERED. 658 00:32:26,993 --> 00:32:29,527 FLAPPING FUN WINGS. 659 00:32:29,529 --> 00:32:31,829 THIS IS GOING TO BE AN INCREDIBLE ADVENTURE. 660 00:32:31,831 --> 00:32:35,466 WHAT CAN YOU TELL US ABOUT FIGHTER PLANES, COMMANDER AIRHEAD? 661 00:32:35,468 --> 00:32:38,502 WELL, THE FIGHTER PLANES ARE BUILT MAINLY 662 00:32:38,504 --> 00:32:40,972 FOR AIR-TO-AIR COMBAT 663 00:32:40,974 --> 00:32:43,007 AGAINST OTHER AIRCRAFT, 664 00:32:43,009 --> 00:32:45,443 WHICH IS CONTRASTING TO BOMBERS 665 00:32:45,445 --> 00:32:47,044 AND ATTACK PLANES 666 00:32:47,046 --> 00:32:50,982 WHOSE MAIN MISSION IS TO ATTACK GROUND TARGETS. 667 00:32:50,984 --> 00:32:53,617 THE ADVANTAGES OF A FIGHTER 668 00:32:53,619 --> 00:32:57,021 ARE ITS SPEED, MANEUVERABILITY, 669 00:32:57,023 --> 00:33:01,960 AND SMALL SIZE RELATIVE TO OTHER COMBAT AIRCRAFT. 670 00:33:01,962 --> 00:33:05,530 THE FIRST FIGHTER PLANE WAS BUILT AS FAR BACK 671 00:33:05,532 --> 00:33:08,633 AS DURING WORLD WAR ONE. 672 00:33:08,635 --> 00:33:11,636 WOW, I CAN'T WAIT TO FIND OUT MORE! 673 00:33:11,638 --> 00:33:16,074 FIGHTER PLANES, SOUNDS ABSOLUTELY AMAZING. 674 00:33:16,076 --> 00:33:19,042 AS YOU KNOW, VROOMER AND GUMDROP, 675 00:33:19,044 --> 00:33:22,180 TO OVERTURN EVERY STONE YOU CAN, 676 00:33:22,182 --> 00:33:24,182 YOU MUST FIND OUT AND LEARN 677 00:33:24,184 --> 00:33:28,752 TONS OF AMAZING FACTS ABOUT AIRPLANES. 678 00:33:28,754 --> 00:33:30,621 YES, COMMANDER AIRHEAD. 679 00:33:30,623 --> 00:33:32,190 VROOM, VROOM! 680 00:33:32,192 --> 00:33:34,826 WE... WILL! 681 00:33:34,828 --> 00:33:36,794 EXCELLENT. 682 00:33:36,796 --> 00:33:39,998 YOU MUST ALSO KNOW THERE IS A QUESTION 683 00:33:40,000 --> 00:33:43,134 THAT ALL THE BRIGHTEST FLYING MINDS 684 00:33:43,136 --> 00:33:45,703 ALL OVER THE WORLD SKIES 685 00:33:45,705 --> 00:33:49,706 HAVE NOT BEEN ABLE TO ANSWER ABOUT FIGHTER PLANES. 686 00:33:49,708 --> 00:33:52,143 WE NEED YOU TWO WINGED SCOUTS 687 00:33:52,145 --> 00:33:57,115 TO HELP US ANSWER THE "WHO FLEW" QUESTION ABOUT FIGHTER PLANES. 688 00:33:57,117 --> 00:33:59,082 "WHO FLEW" QUESTION? 689 00:33:59,084 --> 00:34:00,684 LOVE IT. 690 00:34:00,686 --> 00:34:02,953 WHAT IS THE QUESTION, COMMANDER AIRHEAD? 691 00:34:02,955 --> 00:34:07,759 WHO FLEW THE FIRST FIGHTER PLANE AND WHEN? 692 00:34:07,761 --> 00:34:11,161 THAT'S A GREAT QUESTION, COMMANDER AIRHEAD. 693 00:34:11,163 --> 00:34:13,864 WE'LL LAND THE ANSWER IN A SPIN OF A PROPELLER. 694 00:34:13,866 --> 00:34:15,500 I'M SURE. 695 00:34:15,502 --> 00:34:18,603 I WILL ASSIGN YOU THE BEST WINGED SCOUT HELPER 696 00:34:18,605 --> 00:34:20,170 IN THE WORLD. 697 00:34:20,172 --> 00:34:22,105 HIS NAME IS WILLY WIDGET. 698 00:34:22,107 --> 00:34:26,978 HE'S A ROBOTIC ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AIRCRAFT KNOWLEDGE 699 00:34:26,980 --> 00:34:30,547 AND HE WILL ASSIST YOU ON YOUR MISSION. 700 00:34:30,549 --> 00:34:33,050 BRING ON WILLY! 701 00:34:33,052 --> 00:34:35,018 WE WANT WILLY WIDGET! 702 00:34:35,020 --> 00:34:40,190 BE SURE TO ASK A LOT OF QUESTIONS, WINGED SCOUTS. 703 00:34:40,192 --> 00:34:42,527 NO FACTS GET BY WILLY, 704 00:34:42,529 --> 00:34:44,862 NO MATTER HOW SMALL. 705 00:34:44,864 --> 00:34:46,530 YAY! 706 00:34:46,532 --> 00:34:49,199 WINGED SCOUTS READY TO FLY, COMMANDER AIRHEAD. 707 00:34:49,201 --> 00:34:51,069 WINGED SCOUTS. 708 00:34:51,071 --> 00:34:53,137 VROOM, VROOM! 709 00:34:53,139 --> 00:34:55,273 HOORAY! 710 00:35:07,621 --> 00:35:09,520 WINGED SCOUTS! 711 00:35:09,522 --> 00:35:11,755 READY TO GET STARTED ON YOUR NEXT ADVENTURE? 712 00:35:11,757 --> 00:35:13,724 YES, SUPER READY. 713 00:35:13,726 --> 00:35:14,992 TOTALLY READY! 714 00:35:14,994 --> 00:35:16,661 REMEMBER, WINGED SCOUTS, 715 00:35:16,663 --> 00:35:19,130 ANY AND ALL QUESTIONS YOU HAVE 716 00:35:19,132 --> 00:35:21,599 I'M HERE TO ANSWER THEM. 717 00:35:21,601 --> 00:35:23,233 WHERE DO WE BEGIN? 718 00:35:23,235 --> 00:35:26,137 MANY YEARS AGO, FIGHTER PLANES WERE DESCRIBED 719 00:35:26,139 --> 00:35:29,107 AS TWO-SEATER AIRCRAFTS WITH SUFFICIENT LIFT 720 00:35:29,109 --> 00:35:32,744 TO CARRY THE PILOT, A MACHINE GUN, AND ITS OPERATOR. 721 00:35:32,746 --> 00:35:34,811 MANY COUNTRIES, ESPECIALLY THE BRITISH, 722 00:35:34,813 --> 00:35:38,016 TRIED EARLY ON TO BUILD GUN-MOUNTED AIRPLANES, 723 00:35:38,018 --> 00:35:40,317 BUT FACED A SERIES OF DRAWBACKS 724 00:35:40,319 --> 00:35:44,154 SUCH AS SPEED AND WHERE TO MOUNT THE MACHINE GUN. 725 00:35:44,156 --> 00:35:48,759 ONE OF THE EARLIEST BUILT WAS THE VICKERS F.B.5 GUNBUS 726 00:35:48,761 --> 00:35:51,563 BY THE BRITISH IN 1914, 727 00:35:51,565 --> 00:35:53,797 BUT IT WAS CONSIDERED INEFFECTIVE 728 00:35:53,799 --> 00:35:57,802 DUE TO A LOT OF DRAWBACKS AND SUBSEQUENTLY ABANDONED. 729 00:35:57,804 --> 00:36:00,904 IT WASN'T UNTIL MARCH 1915 730 00:36:00,906 --> 00:36:03,574 THAT THE FRENCH AVIATOR, ROLAND GARROS 731 00:36:03,576 --> 00:36:06,244 FLEW A MODIFIED MONOPLANE 732 00:36:06,246 --> 00:36:10,014 THAT SUCCESSFULLY DOWNED THE FIRST AIRCRAFT IN HISTORY. 733 00:36:10,016 --> 00:36:12,916 OOH, WHOA. 734 00:36:12,918 --> 00:36:16,587 TO FOLLOW THE ADVANCEMENT OF THE FIGHTER PLANE THROUGHOUT HISTORY, 735 00:36:16,589 --> 00:36:19,623 WE HAVE TO TRAVEL BACK IN TIME 736 00:36:19,625 --> 00:36:22,125 AND VISIT SOME OF THE GREATEST MINDS 737 00:36:22,127 --> 00:36:25,862 WHO STARTED THE EARLY REVOLUTION OF FIGHTER PLANES. 738 00:36:25,864 --> 00:36:27,067 YEAH! 739 00:36:30,971 --> 00:36:33,070 DURING WORLD WAR ONE, 740 00:36:33,072 --> 00:36:36,907 MANY COUNTRIES LIKE BRITAIN, FRANCE, AND GERMANY 741 00:36:36,909 --> 00:36:41,746 ALL CONTRIBUTED TO THE EARLY EFFORTS TO BUILD THE FIRST FIGHTER PLANES. 742 00:36:41,748 --> 00:36:44,047 SOME USED MONOPLANES, 743 00:36:44,049 --> 00:36:46,351 OTHERS BIPLANES. 744 00:36:46,353 --> 00:36:48,987 WHAT'S THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A MONOPLANE 745 00:36:48,989 --> 00:36:51,021 AND A BIPLANE, WILLY? 746 00:36:51,023 --> 00:36:55,393 AH, A MONOPLANE HAS ONE MAIN SUPPORTING SURFACE 747 00:36:55,395 --> 00:36:58,862 OR A SINGLE WING ON EITHER SIDE OF THE BODY, 748 00:36:58,864 --> 00:37:04,067 WHILE A BIPLANE HAS TWO SETS OF TWO SUPPORTING WINGS. 749 00:37:04,069 --> 00:37:08,271 THE BODY OF THE MACHINE IS BETWEEN THE TWO PLACES. 750 00:37:08,273 --> 00:37:10,074 INCREDIBLE! 751 00:37:10,076 --> 00:37:13,777 HIT MY PLANE BRAIN WITH MORE COOL FACTOIDS, WILLY WIDGET. 752 00:37:13,779 --> 00:37:15,880 IN GERMANY IN 1913, 753 00:37:15,882 --> 00:37:18,416 A SWISS ENGINEER, FRANZ SCHNEIDER, 754 00:37:18,418 --> 00:37:22,219 PATENTED A DEVICE WITH A FORWARD-FIRING GUN 755 00:37:22,221 --> 00:37:25,255 WHOSE BULLETS PASSED THROUGH THE PROPELLER ARC 756 00:37:25,257 --> 00:37:28,960 AND COULD TIME THE FIRING OF THE INDIVIDUAL ROUNDS 757 00:37:28,962 --> 00:37:31,728 TO AVOID HITTING THE PROPELLER BLADES, 758 00:37:31,730 --> 00:37:34,732 BUT HIS ORIGINAL WORK WAS NOT FOLLOWED UP. 759 00:37:34,734 --> 00:37:36,333 BLASTING ENGINES? 760 00:37:36,335 --> 00:37:38,201 TELL ME MORE! 761 00:37:38,203 --> 00:37:41,405 FRENCH AIRCRAFT DESIGNER, RAYMOND SAULNIER, 762 00:37:41,407 --> 00:37:46,009 PATENTED A PRACTICAL DEVICE IN APRIL 1914. 763 00:37:46,011 --> 00:37:48,246 BUT TRIALS WERE UNSUCCESSFUL 764 00:37:48,248 --> 00:37:50,447 BECAUSE THE MACHINE GUN DESIGN 765 00:37:50,449 --> 00:37:52,750 REPEATEDLY JAMMED DURING FIRING 766 00:37:52,752 --> 00:37:55,420 BECAUSE OF DEFECTIVE AMMUNITION. 767 00:37:55,422 --> 00:37:57,954 VERY INTERESTING. 768 00:37:57,956 --> 00:38:00,291 WHAT HAPPENED NEXT, WILLY? 769 00:38:00,293 --> 00:38:05,096 IN DECEMBER 1914, ROLAND GARROS, A FRENCH PILOT, 770 00:38:05,098 --> 00:38:08,833 ASKED SAULNIER TO MOUNT HIS SYNCHRONIZATION GEAR 771 00:38:08,835 --> 00:38:12,402 ON HIS MORANE-SAULNIER TYPE L AIRCRAFT. 772 00:38:12,404 --> 00:38:16,907 UNFORTUNATELY, THE GAS-OPERATED HOTCHKISS MACHINE GUN HE WAS GIVEN 773 00:38:16,909 --> 00:38:19,110 HAD AN ERRATIC FIRING RATE 774 00:38:19,112 --> 00:38:21,112 AND IT WAS DIFFICULT TO SYNCHRONIZE 775 00:38:21,114 --> 00:38:22,779 WITH A SPINNING PROPELLER. 776 00:38:22,781 --> 00:38:24,114 WHOA! 777 00:38:24,116 --> 00:38:25,782 FUN FACTOID. 778 00:38:25,784 --> 00:38:28,453 SO HOW WAS HE ABLE TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM? 779 00:38:28,455 --> 00:38:31,755 AH, THAT'S A VERY GOOD QUESTION, VROOMER. 780 00:38:31,757 --> 00:38:37,061 IN 1915, ROLAND GARROS MODIFIED HIS MONOPLANE PROPELLER BLADES 781 00:38:37,063 --> 00:38:39,864 WITH ARMOR FITTED WITH METAL WEDGES 782 00:38:39,866 --> 00:38:42,233 TO PROTECT THE PILOT FROM RICOCHETS, 783 00:38:42,235 --> 00:38:46,036 AND HE BEGAN COMBAT OPERATIONS SOON THEREAFTER. 784 00:38:46,038 --> 00:38:50,041 GARROS SCORED THREE VICTORIES IN THREE WEEKS 785 00:38:50,043 --> 00:38:53,911 BEFORE HE HIMSELF WAS DOWNED ON THE 18TH OF APRIL. 786 00:38:53,913 --> 00:38:57,447 AND HIS AIRPLANE, ALONG WITH ITS SYNCHRONIZATION GEAR 787 00:38:57,449 --> 00:39:00,384 AND PROPELLER WAS CAPTURED BY THE GERMANS. 788 00:39:00,386 --> 00:39:02,320 OH, NO! 789 00:39:02,322 --> 00:39:05,188 SO, WAS THAT HOW THE GERMANS GOT THE SECRET 790 00:39:05,190 --> 00:39:06,858 TO FIGHTER PLANES, WILLY WIDGET? 791 00:39:06,860 --> 00:39:10,927 THE GERMANS FORCED A DUTCH AIRCRAFT MANUFACTURER, 792 00:39:10,929 --> 00:39:14,532 ANTHONY FOKKER, WHOSE FACTORY WAS NEARBY 793 00:39:14,534 --> 00:39:18,969 TO INSPECT THE FIGHTER PLANE AND REPLICATE THE DESIGN. 794 00:39:18,971 --> 00:39:22,005 FOKKER AND HIS ENGINEERS DID AS THEY WERE TOLD 795 00:39:22,007 --> 00:39:25,208 AND BUILT THE FIRST MACHINE GUN FIGHTER PLANES 796 00:39:25,210 --> 00:39:26,376 FOR THE GERMANS. 797 00:39:26,378 --> 00:39:28,311 WHOA, WILLY WIDGET, 798 00:39:28,313 --> 00:39:30,348 FACTOID COOLER THAN RAIN CLOUDS 799 00:39:30,350 --> 00:39:32,150 AFTER A SPRING SHOWER. 800 00:39:32,152 --> 00:39:34,217 DID THE GERMAN FIGHTER PLANES 801 00:39:34,219 --> 00:39:36,853 WORK AS WELL AS THE FRENCH FIGHTER PLANES, WILLY WIDGET? 802 00:39:36,855 --> 00:39:38,790 EXCELLENT QUESTION, VROOMER. 803 00:39:38,792 --> 00:39:41,793 ANTHONY FOKKER AND HIS ENGINEERS 804 00:39:41,795 --> 00:39:43,927 CAME UP WITH A BETTER DESIGN. 805 00:39:43,929 --> 00:39:46,898 THEY BUILT A MACHINE GUN WHOSE RATE OF FIRE 806 00:39:46,900 --> 00:39:51,469 WAS CONTROLLED BY THE TURNING OF THE PROPELLER. 807 00:39:51,471 --> 00:39:54,271 THIS SYNCHRONIZATION ASSURED THAT THE BULLETS 808 00:39:54,273 --> 00:39:57,375 WOULD PASS HARMLESSLY THROUGH THE EMPTY SPACE 809 00:39:57,377 --> 00:39:59,309 BETWEEN THE PROPELLER BLADES. 810 00:39:59,311 --> 00:40:03,014 SO, WAS ROLAND GARROS THE ONLY PILOT 811 00:40:03,016 --> 00:40:05,817 TO SHOOT DOWN PLANES DURING WORLD WAR ONE, WILLY WIDGET? 812 00:40:05,819 --> 00:40:07,918 VERY GOOD QUESTION, VROOMER. 813 00:40:07,920 --> 00:40:10,154 I SEE YOU ARE ALL EARS. 814 00:40:10,156 --> 00:40:12,155 THE FIRST VICTORY FOR THE GERMANS 815 00:40:12,157 --> 00:40:15,293 CAME ON THE FIRST OF JULY 1915 816 00:40:15,295 --> 00:40:18,128 WHEN LIEUTENANT KURT WILCKENS, 817 00:40:18,130 --> 00:40:20,831 FLYING THE FOKKER EINDECKER MONOPLANE 818 00:40:20,833 --> 00:40:23,266 WITH THE FIELD FLIEGER-ABTEILUNG SIX UNIT 819 00:40:23,268 --> 00:40:24,569 ON THE WESTERN FRONT 820 00:40:24,571 --> 00:40:28,139 FORCED DOWN A MORANE-SAULNIER TYPE L 821 00:40:28,141 --> 00:40:30,407 TWO-SEAT PARASOL MONOPLANE 822 00:40:30,409 --> 00:40:32,610 JUST EAST OF LUNEVILLE. 823 00:40:32,612 --> 00:40:35,612 HE WAS THE SECOND PILOT TO SHOOT DOWN A PLANE. 824 00:40:35,614 --> 00:40:38,215 WHAT HAPPENED AFTER THAT, WILLY WIDGET? 825 00:40:38,217 --> 00:40:40,384 THE SUCCESS OF THE EINDECKER 826 00:40:40,386 --> 00:40:44,154 GAVE RISE TO A COMPETITIVE CYCLE OF IMPROVEMENT 827 00:40:44,156 --> 00:40:45,523 AMONG COMBATANTS. 828 00:40:45,525 --> 00:40:48,326 BOTH SIDES TRIED TO BUILD EVEN MORE 829 00:40:48,328 --> 00:40:50,962 CAPABLE SINGLE-SEAT FIGHTERS. 830 00:40:50,964 --> 00:40:56,032 THE ALBATROSS D-1 AND SOPWITH PUP OF 1916 831 00:40:56,034 --> 00:40:59,402 SET THE CLASSIC PATTERN FOLLOWED BY FIGHTERS 832 00:40:59,404 --> 00:41:01,438 FOR ABOUT 20 YEARS. 833 00:41:01,440 --> 00:41:03,641 MOST OF THE FIGHTER PLANES WERE BIPLANES 834 00:41:03,643 --> 00:41:08,445 AND ONLY RARELY MONOPLANES OR TRIPLANES. 835 00:41:08,447 --> 00:41:12,550 WHOA, SO THE FIGHTERS WERE AS GOOD AS THEIR FIGHTER PLANES? 836 00:41:12,552 --> 00:41:14,418 YES, TO AN EXTENT. 837 00:41:14,420 --> 00:41:17,989 AS COLLECTIVE COMBAT EXPERIENCE GREW, 838 00:41:17,991 --> 00:41:21,358 THE MORE SUCCESSFUL PILOTS, LIKE OSWALD BOELCKE, 839 00:41:21,360 --> 00:41:24,027 MAX IMMELMANN AND EDWARD MANNOCK 840 00:41:24,029 --> 00:41:27,331 DEVISED TACTICAL FORMATIONS AND MANEUVERS 841 00:41:27,333 --> 00:41:31,302 TO IMPROVE THEIR AIR UNITS' COMBAT SUCCESS. 842 00:41:31,304 --> 00:41:33,036 WHOA! 843 00:41:33,038 --> 00:41:36,306 TOOTING TURBINES, THAT'S AMAZING! 844 00:41:36,308 --> 00:41:41,612 WITH TIME, AIRCRAFT ENGINES INCREASED SEVERAL FOLD IN POWER. 845 00:41:41,614 --> 00:41:47,150 GOING FROM A COMMON 180 HORSEPOWER IN THE 19-8 FOKKER D.VII 846 00:41:47,152 --> 00:41:52,623 TO THE 900 HORSEPOWER IN THE 1938 CURTISS P-36. 847 00:41:52,625 --> 00:41:56,494 WHOO-HOO! 848 00:41:56,496 --> 00:41:57,929 GOOD GOLLY! 849 00:41:57,931 --> 00:42:00,398 WORLD WAR TWO FEATURED FIGHTER COMBAT 850 00:42:00,400 --> 00:42:02,565 ON A LARGER SCALE 851 00:42:02,567 --> 00:42:05,536 THAN ANY OTHER CONFLICT TO DATE. 852 00:42:05,538 --> 00:42:09,273 AND FIGHTER PLANE DESIGNS VARIED EXTENSIVELY AMONG NATIONS. 853 00:42:09,275 --> 00:42:13,311 EXAMPLES INCLUDE THE ITALIAN MACCHI M.C.200 854 00:42:13,313 --> 00:42:15,112 AND FIAT G.50 855 00:42:15,114 --> 00:42:18,616 AND THE JAPANESE NAKAJIMA KI-27 856 00:42:18,618 --> 00:42:20,985 AND NAKAJIMA KI-43. 857 00:42:20,987 --> 00:42:22,686 COOL SKIES. 858 00:42:22,688 --> 00:42:25,422 FIGHTER TECHNOLOGY QUICKLY ADVANCED 859 00:42:25,424 --> 00:42:27,425 DURING WORLD WAR TWO. 860 00:42:27,427 --> 00:42:30,728 PISTON ENGINES, WHICH POWERED MOST OF THE WORLD WAR TWO FIGHTERS 861 00:42:30,730 --> 00:42:32,963 BECAME MORE POWERFUL. 862 00:42:32,965 --> 00:42:35,465 AT THE START, WAR PLANES USUALLY HAD ENGINES 863 00:42:35,467 --> 00:42:40,137 POWERED BY 1,000 HORSEPOWER AND 1,400 HORSEPOWER ENGINES, 864 00:42:40,139 --> 00:42:42,206 BUT BY THE END OF THE WAR, 865 00:42:42,208 --> 00:42:46,277 MANY COULD PRODUCE OVER 2,000 HORSEPOWER. 866 00:42:46,279 --> 00:42:48,212 FOR INSTANCE, THE SPITFIRE, 867 00:42:48,214 --> 00:42:51,248 WHICH WAS IN PRODUCTION ALL THROUGHOUT THE WAR, 868 00:42:51,250 --> 00:42:53,483 WAS, IN 1939, 869 00:42:53,485 --> 00:42:57,554 POWERED BY A 1,030-HORSEPOWER MERLIN II, 870 00:42:57,556 --> 00:43:01,058 WHILE VARIANTS PRODUCED IN 1945 871 00:43:01,060 --> 00:43:04,462 PRODUCED 2,035 HORSEPOWER. 872 00:43:04,464 --> 00:43:07,098 POWERED BY GRIFFON 61 ENGINES. 873 00:43:07,100 --> 00:43:10,300 WHO FLEW THE FIRST FIGHTER PLANE AND WHEN? 874 00:43:10,302 --> 00:43:13,670 THE FIRST FIGHTER PLANE WAS DEVELOPED BY A FRENCH PILOT, 875 00:43:13,672 --> 00:43:16,340 ROLAND GARROS, IN 1915, 876 00:43:16,342 --> 00:43:18,775 WHO FLEW AN AIRPLANE ARMED WITH A MACHINE GUN 877 00:43:18,777 --> 00:43:22,779 THAT FIRED THROUGH ITS PROPELLER DURING WORLD WAR ONE. 878 00:43:22,781 --> 00:43:25,483 GARROS BECAME A NATIONAL HERO 879 00:43:25,485 --> 00:43:29,085 AND HAD A TOTAL OF FIVE ENEMY KILLS IN THE AIR. 880 00:43:29,087 --> 00:43:31,389 HEY, GUMDROP, I THINK WE JUST FOUND OUT THE ANSWER 881 00:43:31,391 --> 00:43:33,690 TO COMMANDER AIRHEAD'S "WHO FLEW" QUESTION! 882 00:43:33,692 --> 00:43:35,259 YOU'RE RIGHT, VROOMER. 883 00:43:35,261 --> 00:43:38,762 THE RECORD GOES TO FRENCH PILOT ROLAND GARROS. 884 00:43:38,764 --> 00:43:41,098 HA, CONGRATULATIONS 885 00:43:41,100 --> 00:43:45,369 ON FINDING THE ANSWER TO THIS MISSION'S "WHO FLEW" QUESTION, WINGED SCOUTS. 886 00:43:45,371 --> 00:43:48,471 COMMANDER AIRHEAD WILL BE PROUD OF YOU. 887 00:43:48,473 --> 00:43:50,343 NO PISTONS ABOUT IT. 888 00:43:55,081 --> 00:43:57,280 FANTASTIC WORK, WINGED SCOUTS. 889 00:43:57,282 --> 00:44:02,152 YOUR MISSION WAS A GREAT SUCCESS! 890 00:44:02,154 --> 00:44:06,157 YOU'RE WELL ON YOU'RE WAY TO PLANE-LIGHTENMENT. 891 00:44:06,159 --> 00:44:08,159 VROOM, VROOM! 892 00:44:08,161 --> 00:44:10,393 VRR... AWESOME! 893 00:44:10,395 --> 00:44:13,264 SAY, WERE YOU ABLE TO FIND 894 00:44:13,266 --> 00:44:16,833 THE ANSWER TO THIS MISSION'S "WHO FLEW" QUESTION? 895 00:44:16,835 --> 00:44:19,770 YES, COMMANDER AIRHEAD, WE SURE DID. 896 00:44:19,772 --> 00:44:23,139 THE RECORD TO GOES TO FRENCH PILOT ROLAND GARROS. 897 00:44:23,141 --> 00:44:26,444 THE FIRST FIGHTER PLANE WAS DEVELOPED BY A FRENCH PILOT, 898 00:44:26,446 --> 00:44:30,447 ROLAND GARROS, IN 1915 DURING WORLD WAR ONE. 899 00:44:30,449 --> 00:44:32,516 AH, THAT'S GREAT! 900 00:44:32,518 --> 00:44:34,684 GOOD JOB, WINGED SCOUTS. 901 00:44:34,686 --> 00:44:37,320 WHAT'S OUR NEXT MISSION, COMMANDER AIRHEAD? 902 00:44:37,322 --> 00:44:42,625 YOUR NEXT MISSION IS GOING TO BE YOUR MOST INCREDIBLE YET. 903 00:44:42,627 --> 00:44:46,864 WE WANT YOU TO LEARN ABOUT SUPERSONIC JETS 904 00:44:46,866 --> 00:44:49,166 AND THE SOUND BARRIER. 905 00:44:49,168 --> 00:44:52,469 SUPERSONIC JETS AND THE SOUND BARRIER? 906 00:44:52,471 --> 00:44:53,471 WOW! 907 00:44:53,473 --> 00:44:54,605 COOL! 908 00:44:54,607 --> 00:44:56,474 FOR ALL THE BUMPY FLIGHTS, 909 00:44:56,476 --> 00:44:58,509 CAN'T WAIT TO GET STARTED. 910 00:44:58,511 --> 00:45:00,344 YAY! 911 00:45:00,346 --> 00:45:03,279 WINGED SCOUTS READY TO FLY, COMMANDER AIRHEAD. 912 00:45:03,281 --> 00:45:04,849 WINGED SCOUTS. 913 00:45:04,851 --> 00:45:07,117 VROOM, VROOM! 914 00:45:07,119 --> 00:45:09,453 HOORAY! 915 00:45:09,455 --> 00:45:11,788 I CAN'T WAIT TILL NEXT TIME. 916 00:45:11,790 --> 00:45:14,224 I'M SUPERSONIC SERIOUS. 917 00:45:14,226 --> 00:45:16,759 MY WINGS ARE ALL A FLUTTER. 918 00:45:16,761 --> 00:45:20,364 YOU TWO LITTLE PLANES ARE RAPIDLY SOARING 919 00:45:20,366 --> 00:45:22,900 TO THE VERY PINNACLE OF OUR KNOWLEDGE. 920 00:45:22,902 --> 00:45:25,302 AND TODAY, WE HAVE ANOTHER CHANCE 921 00:45:25,304 --> 00:45:28,404 TO EXPAND THOSE REVVING BRAINS. 922 00:45:28,406 --> 00:45:30,875 YOUR MISSION, GUMDROP AND VROOMER, 923 00:45:30,877 --> 00:45:33,511 IS TO DISCOVER ALL ABOUT 924 00:45:33,513 --> 00:45:37,413 THE MOST FASCINATING MACHINE OF ALL. 925 00:45:37,415 --> 00:45:39,315 PLANES! 926 00:45:39,317 --> 00:45:40,918 PLANES! 927 00:45:40,920 --> 00:45:43,487 EXACTLY. 928 00:45:43,489 --> 00:45:47,424 YOU WILL TRAVEL ALL OVER THE WORLD 929 00:45:47,426 --> 00:45:50,226 ACROSS TIME, SPACE AND BEYOND. 930 00:45:50,228 --> 00:45:53,496 YOU MUST KEEP YOUR LITTLE METAL NOSES POINTED AHEAD, 931 00:45:53,498 --> 00:45:55,232 YOUR MOTORS HUMMING, 932 00:45:55,234 --> 00:45:59,536 AND YOUR WINGS PERKED AT ALL TIMES. 933 00:45:59,538 --> 00:46:03,873 WE DEPEND ON YOU TO DO THE BEST JOB POSSIBLE. 934 00:46:03,875 --> 00:46:06,177 ARE YOU READY FOR YOUR ASSIGNMENT? 935 00:46:06,179 --> 00:46:09,679 MY BRAIN'S FRONTAL LOBE IS SPINNING LIKE A PROPELLER. 936 00:46:09,681 --> 00:46:12,516 YOUR BRAIN'S FRONTAL LOBE IS A PROPELLER. 937 00:46:12,518 --> 00:46:15,652 PLANE SCOUTS READY FOR OUR MISSION, COMMANDER AIRHEAD. 938 00:46:15,654 --> 00:46:19,657 THIS IS SURE TO BE A CHALLENGING MISSION, LITTLE ONES. 939 00:46:19,659 --> 00:46:21,458 BRING IT ON. 940 00:46:21,460 --> 00:46:24,460 NO CLOUD IS TOO DARK FOR US TO FIND THE SUNSHINE, 941 00:46:24,462 --> 00:46:26,329 OR THE ANSWERS. 942 00:46:26,331 --> 00:46:28,465 I'M SENDING YOU TWO ON A MISSION 943 00:46:28,467 --> 00:46:31,969 TO LEARN ABOUT SUPERSONIC JETS 944 00:46:31,971 --> 00:46:34,771 AND THE SOUND BARRIER. 945 00:46:34,773 --> 00:46:37,574 SUPERSONIC JETS AND THE SOUND BARRIER? 946 00:46:37,576 --> 00:46:39,375 NO WAY! 947 00:46:39,377 --> 00:46:41,311 TOTALLY AWESOME! 948 00:46:41,313 --> 00:46:42,313 CAN'T WAIT! 949 00:46:42,315 --> 00:46:43,880 IT'S UP TO YOU TO LEARN 950 00:46:43,882 --> 00:46:45,648 ALL ABOUT IT. 951 00:46:45,650 --> 00:46:48,953 AND REPORT BACK TO ME WITH WHAT YOU'VE DISCOVERED. 952 00:46:48,955 --> 00:46:51,487 TURBO TAKEOFFS, WE'LL DO IT. 953 00:46:51,489 --> 00:46:54,291 THIS IS GOING TO BE AN INCREDIBLE ADVENTURE 954 00:46:54,293 --> 00:46:56,759 WHAT CAN YOU TELL US ABOUT THE SUPERSONIC JETS 955 00:46:56,761 --> 00:46:58,929 AND THE SOUND BARRIER, COMMANDER AIRHEAD? 956 00:46:58,931 --> 00:47:02,465 SUPERSONIC JETS ARE PLANES THAT CAN FLY 957 00:47:02,467 --> 00:47:06,270 UP TO FIVE TIMES THE SPEED OF SOUND. 958 00:47:06,272 --> 00:47:10,641 760 MILES PER HOUR IS THE SPEED OF SOUND. 959 00:47:10,643 --> 00:47:13,844 IT'S ALSO CALLED MACH 1. 960 00:47:13,846 --> 00:47:16,947 PLANES IN THIS REGIME HAVE SPECIALLY DESIGNED 961 00:47:16,949 --> 00:47:18,815 HIGH-PERFORMANCE ENGINES 962 00:47:18,817 --> 00:47:20,951 THAT CAN BREAK THE SOUND BARRIER. 963 00:47:20,953 --> 00:47:24,654 THEY ARE ALSO DESIGNED WITH LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS 964 00:47:24,656 --> 00:47:26,757 TO PROVIDE LESS DRAG. 965 00:47:26,759 --> 00:47:29,692 WOW, I CAN'T WAIT TO FIND OUT MORE. 966 00:47:29,694 --> 00:47:32,663 SUPERSONIC JETS AND THE SOUND BARRIER? 967 00:47:32,665 --> 00:47:35,498 SOUNDS ABSOLUTELY AMAZING. 968 00:47:35,500 --> 00:47:37,967 AS YOU KNOW, VROOMER AND GUMDROP, 969 00:47:37,969 --> 00:47:39,670 AS PART OF THE MISSION, 970 00:47:39,672 --> 00:47:43,540 YOU MUST FIND OUT AND LEARN TONS OF AMAZING FACTS 971 00:47:43,542 --> 00:47:45,275 ABOUT AIRPLANES. 972 00:47:45,277 --> 00:47:46,944 YES, COMMANDER AIRHEAD. 973 00:47:46,946 --> 00:47:48,978 VROOM, VROOM! 974 00:47:48,980 --> 00:47:49,980 WE WILL. 975 00:47:49,982 --> 00:47:51,482 EXCELLENT. 976 00:47:51,484 --> 00:47:54,717 YOU MUST ALSO KNOW THAT THERE IS A QUESTION 977 00:47:54,719 --> 00:47:58,822 THAT ALL THE BRIGHTEST FLYING MINDS ALL OVER THE WORLD SKIES 978 00:47:58,824 --> 00:48:01,891 HAVE NOT BEEN ABLE TO ANSWER 979 00:48:01,893 --> 00:48:05,929 ABOUT SUPERSONIC JETS AND THE SOUND BARRIER. 980 00:48:05,931 --> 00:48:08,599 WE NEED YOU TWO WINGED SCOUTS 981 00:48:08,601 --> 00:48:11,668 TO HELP US ANSWER THE "WHO FLEW" QUESTION 982 00:48:11,670 --> 00:48:15,572 ABOUT SUPERSONIC JETS AND THE SOUND BARRIER. 983 00:48:15,574 --> 00:48:17,007 "WHO FLEW" QUESTION? 984 00:48:17,009 --> 00:48:18,541 LOVE IT! 985 00:48:18,543 --> 00:48:20,511 WHAT IS THE QUESTION, COMMANDER AIRHEAD? 986 00:48:20,513 --> 00:48:22,679 WHAT IS THE FIRST JET 987 00:48:22,681 --> 00:48:26,949 AND WHO IS THE FIRST PERSON TO BREAK THE SPEED OF SOUND? 988 00:48:26,951 --> 00:48:29,719 THAT'S A GREAT QUESTION, COMMANDER AIRHEAD. 989 00:48:29,721 --> 00:48:32,690 WE'LL LAND THE ANSWER IN A SPIN OF A PROPELLER. 990 00:48:32,692 --> 00:48:33,891 I'M SURE. 991 00:48:33,893 --> 00:48:35,659 I WILL ASSIGN YOU 992 00:48:35,661 --> 00:48:38,661 THE BEST WINGED SCOUT HELPER IN THE WORLD. 993 00:48:38,663 --> 00:48:40,596 HIS NAME IS WILLY WIDGET. 994 00:48:40,598 --> 00:48:44,567 HE'S A ROBOTIC ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AIRCRAFT KNOWLEDGE. 995 00:48:44,569 --> 00:48:47,103 HE WILL ASSIST YOU ON YOUR MISSION. 996 00:48:47,105 --> 00:48:49,473 BRING ON OUR THIRD BRAIN. 997 00:48:49,475 --> 00:48:51,875 LET'S HAVE OUR WILLY WIDGET! 998 00:48:51,877 --> 00:48:55,945 BE SURE TO ASK A LOT OF QUESTIONS, WINGED SCOUTS. 999 00:48:55,947 --> 00:48:59,083 YOU KNOW NOTHING'S TOO HARD FOR WILLY. 1000 00:48:59,085 --> 00:49:00,817 YAY! 1001 00:49:00,819 --> 00:49:03,554 WINGED SCOUTS READY TO FLY, COMMANDER AIRHEAD. 1002 00:49:03,556 --> 00:49:04,987 WINGED SCOUTS. 1003 00:49:04,989 --> 00:49:07,123 VROOM, VROOM! 1004 00:49:07,125 --> 00:49:09,625 HOORAY! 1005 00:49:21,840 --> 00:49:24,007 WINGED SCOUTS. 1006 00:49:24,009 --> 00:49:27,043 READY TO GET STARTED ON YOUR NEXT ADVENTURE? 1007 00:49:27,045 --> 00:49:28,911 YES, SUPER READY. 1008 00:49:28,913 --> 00:49:30,447 TOTALLY READY! 1009 00:49:30,449 --> 00:49:32,148 REMEMBER, WINGED SCOUTS, 1010 00:49:32,150 --> 00:49:35,451 ANY AND ALL QUESTIONS YOU MAY HAVE 1011 00:49:35,453 --> 00:49:36,954 I'M HERE TO ANSWER THEM. 1012 00:49:36,956 --> 00:49:38,889 WHERE DO WE BEGIN? 1013 00:49:38,891 --> 00:49:41,491 IN THE 1960S AND 70S, 1014 00:49:41,493 --> 00:49:44,728 MANY DESIGN STUDIES FOR SUPERSONIC AIRLINERS WERE DONE. 1015 00:49:44,730 --> 00:49:47,864 AND, EVENTUALLY, TWO TYPES ENTERED SERVICE, 1016 00:49:47,866 --> 00:49:49,733 THE ANGLO FRENCH CONCORDE 1017 00:49:49,735 --> 00:49:53,404 AND THE RUSSIAN TUPOLEV TU-144. 1018 00:49:53,406 --> 00:49:55,973 HOWEVER, CLIMACTIC AND POLITICAL 1019 00:49:55,975 --> 00:49:57,875 AND ECONOMIC IMPEDIMENTS 1020 00:49:57,877 --> 00:50:00,811 AND ONE FATAL CONCORDE CRASH PREVENTED THEM 1021 00:50:00,813 --> 00:50:04,114 FROM BEING USED TO THEIR FULL COMMERCIAL POTENTIAL. 1022 00:50:04,116 --> 00:50:07,518 AND THESE AIRCRAFT ARE NO LONGER FLYING. 1023 00:50:07,520 --> 00:50:09,619 THE MAJORITY OF SUPERSONIC JETS 1024 00:50:09,621 --> 00:50:12,790 ARE MILITARY OR EXPERIMENTAL PLANES. 1025 00:50:12,792 --> 00:50:15,491 WHOA! 1026 00:50:15,493 --> 00:50:18,862 THE SOUND BARRIER, ALSO CALLED A SONIC BARRIER, 1027 00:50:18,864 --> 00:50:22,565 IS A POPULAR TERM THAT REFERS TO THE SUDDEN INCREASE 1028 00:50:22,567 --> 00:50:24,668 IN AERODYNAMIC DRAG 1029 00:50:24,670 --> 00:50:27,471 AND OTHER EFFECTS EXPERIENCED BY A JET 1030 00:50:27,473 --> 00:50:30,873 OR OTHER OBJECT WHEN IT APPROACHES SUPERSONIC SPEED. 1031 00:50:30,875 --> 00:50:32,909 THE SOUND BARRIER IS REACHED 1032 00:50:32,911 --> 00:50:34,777 WHEN AN OBJECT MOVES AT A SPEED 1033 00:50:34,779 --> 00:50:38,882 OF 343 METERS PER SECOND. 1034 00:50:38,884 --> 00:50:40,152 YEAH! 1035 00:50:44,056 --> 00:50:48,025 THE GERMANS, FRENCH, BRITISH, AND OTHER FIGHTER PILOTS 1036 00:50:48,027 --> 00:50:50,059 WHO FOUGHT DURING WORLD WAR TWO 1037 00:50:50,061 --> 00:50:52,895 WERE THE FIRST TO EXPERIENCE THE SOUND BARRIER 1038 00:50:52,897 --> 00:50:54,565 WHEN A NUMBER OF AIRCRAFTS 1039 00:50:54,567 --> 00:50:57,567 STARTED TO ENCOUNTER THE EFFECTS OF COMPRESSIBILITY. 1040 00:50:57,569 --> 00:50:59,770 A NUMBER OF UNRELATED AERODYNAMIC EFFECTS 1041 00:50:59,772 --> 00:51:02,105 THAT STRUCK THEIR AIRCRAFT, 1042 00:51:02,107 --> 00:51:04,507 THEREBY BLOCKING FURTHER ACCELERATION. 1043 00:51:04,509 --> 00:51:07,710 BY THE 1950S, NEW AIRCRAFT DESIGNS 1044 00:51:07,712 --> 00:51:10,246 REGULARLY BROKE THE SOUND BARRIER. 1045 00:51:10,248 --> 00:51:13,851 WHAT ARE EARLY CLAIMS OF THE SOUND BARRIER LIKE? 1046 00:51:13,853 --> 00:51:17,587 IN 1942, IN ONE OF THE EARLIEST CLAIMS, 1047 00:51:17,589 --> 00:51:20,791 THE REPUBLIC AVIATION ISSUED A PRESS RELEASE 1048 00:51:20,793 --> 00:51:23,893 STATING THAT LIEUTENANTS HAROLD E. COMSTOCK 1049 00:51:23,895 --> 00:51:27,197 AND ROGER DYER HAD EXCEEDED THE SPEED OF SOUND 1050 00:51:27,199 --> 00:51:31,168 DURING TEST DIVES IN THE P-47 THUNDERBOLT. 1051 00:51:31,170 --> 00:51:33,804 IT IS WIDELY AGREED THAT THIS WAS DUE 1052 00:51:33,806 --> 00:51:37,007 TO INACCURATE ASI READINGS. 1053 00:51:37,009 --> 00:51:39,076 FOREIGN SIMILAR TESTS, 1054 00:51:39,078 --> 00:51:41,844 THE NORTH AMERICAN P-51 MUSTANG, 1055 00:51:41,846 --> 00:51:43,947 A HIGHER-PERFORMANCE AIRCRAFT, 1056 00:51:43,949 --> 00:51:47,550 DEMONSTRATED LIMITS AT MACH 0.85, 1057 00:51:47,552 --> 00:51:49,820 WITH SOME HIGH SPEEDS CAUSING THE AIRCRAFT 1058 00:51:49,822 --> 00:51:51,954 TO BE DAMAGED BY VIBRATION. 1059 00:51:51,956 --> 00:51:53,623 INCREDIBLE. 1060 00:51:53,625 --> 00:51:56,626 HIT MY PLANE BRAIN WITH MORE COOL FACTOIDS, WILLY. 1061 00:51:56,628 --> 00:51:59,663 ON THE FIRST OF MARCH 1945, 1062 00:51:59,665 --> 00:52:02,833 THE LUFTWAFFE TEST PILOT, LOTHAR SIEBER, 1063 00:52:02,835 --> 00:52:05,536 MAY HAVE ACCIDENTALLY BECOME THE FIRST MAN 1064 00:52:05,538 --> 00:52:07,237 TO BREAK THE SOUND BARRIER. 1065 00:52:07,239 --> 00:52:12,074 THIS OCCURRED WHILE HE WAS PILOTING A BACHEM BA 349 NATTER 1066 00:52:12,076 --> 00:52:16,679 FOR THE FIRST MANNED VERTICAL TAKEOFF OF A ROCKET IN HISTORY. 1067 00:52:16,681 --> 00:52:20,951 IN 55 SECONDS, HE TRAVELLED A TOTAL OF 14 KILOMETERS 1068 00:52:20,953 --> 00:52:23,253 OR 8.7 MILES. 1069 00:52:23,255 --> 00:52:25,721 UNFORTUNATELY, THE AIRCRAFT CRASHED 1070 00:52:25,723 --> 00:52:27,324 AND HE DIDN'T SURVIVE. 1071 00:52:27,326 --> 00:52:29,559 BUT THE PRECEDENT WAS SET! 1072 00:52:29,561 --> 00:52:31,695 OH, WHOA. 1073 00:52:31,697 --> 00:52:36,599 IN 1942, THE UNITED KINGDOM'S MINISTRY OF AVIATION 1074 00:52:36,601 --> 00:52:40,003 BEGAN A TOP SECRET PROJECT WITH MILES AIRCRAFT 1075 00:52:40,005 --> 00:52:42,905 TO DEVELOP THE WORLD'S FIRST AIRCRAFT 1076 00:52:42,907 --> 00:52:45,108 CAPABLE OF BREAKING THE SOUND BARRIER. 1077 00:52:45,110 --> 00:52:49,779 THE PROTOTYPE, MILES M.52 TURBO JET-POWERED AIRCRAFT, 1078 00:52:49,781 --> 00:52:53,683 WAS DESIGNED TO REACH 1,000 MILES PER HOUR, 1079 00:52:53,685 --> 00:52:56,719 OVER THE TWICE THE EXISTING SPEED RECORD 1080 00:52:56,721 --> 00:52:57,920 IN LEVEL FLIGHT 1081 00:52:57,922 --> 00:53:00,090 AND TO CLIMB TO AN ALTITUDE 1082 00:53:00,092 --> 00:53:05,195 OF 36,000 FEET IN ONE MINUTE AND 30 SECONDS. 1083 00:53:05,197 --> 00:53:08,764 BUT THE PROJECT WAS EVENTUALLY CANCELLED. 1084 00:53:08,766 --> 00:53:11,067 VERY INTERESTING. 1085 00:53:11,069 --> 00:53:13,070 TURBO TRICKY. 1086 00:53:13,072 --> 00:53:15,172 ARE THERE ANY OTHER IMPORTANT FIGURES 1087 00:53:15,174 --> 00:53:17,206 IN SUPERSONIC JET FLYING, WILLY? 1088 00:53:17,208 --> 00:53:19,775 HISTORY IS LITTERED WITH IMPORTANT PILOTS, 1089 00:53:19,777 --> 00:53:23,746 ENGINEERS, MECHANICS, DESIGNERS AND GENERALS 1090 00:53:23,748 --> 00:53:27,083 WHO ALL HELPED FORWARD THE CAUSE AND THE MISSION 1091 00:53:27,085 --> 00:53:29,052 OF SUPERSONIC FLIGHT. 1092 00:53:29,054 --> 00:53:31,087 PERHAPS NONE AS WELL KNOWN 1093 00:53:31,089 --> 00:53:32,855 AS FORMER AIR FORCE GENERAL 1094 00:53:32,857 --> 00:53:36,058 AND WORLD-FAMOUS TEST PILOT CHUCK YEAGER. 1095 00:53:36,060 --> 00:53:38,061 WHOA, CHUCK YEAGER? 1096 00:53:38,063 --> 00:53:40,896 CHUCK YEAGER SOUNDS LIKE ONE HECK OF A PILOT. 1097 00:53:40,898 --> 00:53:41,898 WAS HE? 1098 00:53:41,900 --> 00:53:43,866 VERY GOOD QUESTION, VROOMER. 1099 00:53:43,868 --> 00:53:45,869 HE SURE WAS. 1100 00:53:45,871 --> 00:53:49,271 FROM HIS HUMBLE BEGINNINGS AS A PRIVATE IN WORLD WAR TWO, 1101 00:53:49,273 --> 00:53:51,708 CHUCK YEAGER WENT ON TO BE A TEST PILOT 1102 00:53:51,710 --> 00:53:54,311 FOR MANY DIFFERENT TYPES OF AIRCRAFT, 1103 00:53:54,313 --> 00:53:57,848 INCLUDING EXPERIMENTAL ROCKET-POWERED AIRCRAFT. 1104 00:53:57,850 --> 00:54:01,150 ALL TOLD, MR. YEAGER'S FLYING CAREER 1105 00:54:01,152 --> 00:54:05,221 SPANNED OVER 60 AMAZING YEARS. 1106 00:54:05,223 --> 00:54:08,759 JEEZ, MAKES ME PROUD TO BE A PLANE. 1107 00:54:08,761 --> 00:54:11,261 DID CHUCK YEAGER EVER CRASH A PLAN? 1108 00:54:11,263 --> 00:54:13,163 YES, HE DID! 1109 00:54:13,165 --> 00:54:17,366 CHUCK YEAGER LOST CONTROL OF A PLANE CALLED THE BELL X-1A 1110 00:54:17,368 --> 00:54:21,771 DUE TO THE BARELY UNDERSTOOD PHENOMENON OF INERTIA COUPLING. 1111 00:54:21,773 --> 00:54:24,840 THE X-1A DROPPED FROM MAXIMUM ALTITUDE 1112 00:54:24,842 --> 00:54:27,076 TO 25,000 FEET, 1113 00:54:27,078 --> 00:54:30,012 DURING WHICH YEAGER BROKE THE CANOPY WITH HIS HELMET 1114 00:54:30,014 --> 00:54:31,982 BEFORE REGAINING CONTROL 1115 00:54:31,984 --> 00:54:36,319 ONLY DUE TO HIS SUPER STRONG SKILLS AS AN AVIATOR. 1116 00:54:36,321 --> 00:54:37,954 WHOA! 1117 00:54:37,956 --> 00:54:40,056 WHAT IS INERTIA COUPLING? 1118 00:54:40,058 --> 00:54:44,393 INERTIA COUPLING IS COMMON WITH SINGLE-ENGINE JET FIGHTER AIRCRAFT 1119 00:54:44,395 --> 00:54:49,465 AND OCCURS WHEN AN AIRCRAFT IS QUICKLY PUT INTO A ROLL 1120 00:54:49,467 --> 00:54:52,168 RESULTING IN VIOLENT PITCHING, AND YAWING, 1121 00:54:52,170 --> 00:54:53,770 AND LOSS OF CONTROL 1122 00:54:53,772 --> 00:54:57,440 AS THE AIRCRAFT ROTATES ON ALL THREE AXES. 1123 00:54:57,442 --> 00:54:59,076 WHOA! 1124 00:54:59,078 --> 00:55:01,978 TOOTING TURBINES, THAT'S INCREDIBLE! 1125 00:55:01,980 --> 00:55:04,413 INERTIA COUPLING NEARLY KILLED CHUCK YEAGER 1126 00:55:04,415 --> 00:55:06,483 IN THE X-1A IN 1953 1127 00:55:06,485 --> 00:55:09,985 AND IT DID KILL PILOT CAPTAIN MEL APT 1128 00:55:09,987 --> 00:55:13,422 IN HIS FIRST FLIGHT IN THE ROCKET-POWERED BELL X-2 1129 00:55:13,424 --> 00:55:17,194 ON SEPTEMBER 27TH, 1956. 1130 00:55:17,196 --> 00:55:20,163 INERTIA COUPLING CRAZINESS. 1131 00:55:20,165 --> 00:55:23,866 WOW, THIS FLYING BUSINESS SURE CAN BE DANGEROUS. 1132 00:55:23,868 --> 00:55:28,003 FOR AIRCRAFT SPEEDS WHICH ARE GREATER THAN THE SPEED OF SOUND, 1133 00:55:28,005 --> 00:55:31,842 THE AIRCRAFT IS SAID TO BE SUPERSONIC. 1134 00:55:31,844 --> 00:55:35,378 TYPICAL SPEEDS FOR SUPERSONIC AIRCRAFT ARE GREATER 1135 00:55:35,380 --> 00:55:38,148 THAN 750 MILES PER HOUR, 1136 00:55:38,150 --> 00:55:41,418 BUT LESS THAN 1,500 MILES PER HOUR 1137 00:55:41,420 --> 00:55:46,355 AND THE MACH NUMBER, M, IS GREATER THAN ONE. 1138 00:55:46,357 --> 00:55:50,427 AS IN MACH 1, MACH 2, OR MACH 3. 1139 00:55:50,429 --> 00:55:52,529 COOL SKIES. 1140 00:55:52,531 --> 00:55:55,866 SUBSEQUENT EXPERIMENTAL SUPERSONIC JETS 1141 00:55:55,868 --> 00:55:58,835 WERE BUILT AFTER THE BELL X-1A 1142 00:55:58,837 --> 00:56:02,105 PROVED THAT HUMANS COULD FLY SUPERSONICALLY. 1143 00:56:02,107 --> 00:56:04,840 THE AERODYNAMICS OF THESE EARLY AIRCRAFT 1144 00:56:04,842 --> 00:56:08,244 IS USED ON MODERN SUPERSONIC FIGHTER AIRCRAFT. 1145 00:56:08,246 --> 00:56:11,181 THERE HAVE BEEN SEVERAL EFFORTS TO DEVELOP 1146 00:56:11,183 --> 00:56:14,083 COST-EFFECTIVE SUPERSONIC AIRLINERS. 1147 00:56:14,085 --> 00:56:18,454 THE RUSSIAN TU-144 AND THE ANGLO FRENCH CONCORDE 1148 00:56:18,456 --> 00:56:22,025 WENT INTO SERVICE IN THE EARLY 1970S, 1149 00:56:22,027 --> 00:56:24,427 BUT WERE FINANCIAL FAILURES. 1150 00:56:24,429 --> 00:56:28,498 WHAT IS THE FIRST JET AND WHO IS THE FIRST PERSON TO BREAK THE SPEED OF SOUND? 1151 00:56:28,500 --> 00:56:33,469 THE BELL X-1 ON 14 OCTOBER, 1947 1152 00:56:33,471 --> 00:56:38,375 BECAME THE FIRST AIRCRAFT TO BREAK THE SPEED OF SOUND. 1153 00:56:38,377 --> 00:56:43,313 IT WAS PILOTED BY NONE OTHER THAN AIR FORCE CAPTAIN CHUCK YEAGER 1154 00:56:43,315 --> 00:56:47,951 WHO ALSO BECAME THE VERY FIRST PILOT TO BREAK THE SPEED OF SOUND. 1155 00:56:47,953 --> 00:56:50,587 HEY, GUMDROP, I THINK WE JUST FOUND OUT THE ANSWER 1156 00:56:50,589 --> 00:56:53,889 TO COMMANDER AIRHEAD'S "WHO FLEW" QUESTION. 1157 00:56:53,891 --> 00:56:55,491 YOU'RE RIGHT, VROOMER. 1158 00:56:55,493 --> 00:56:57,494 THE BELL X-1 HOLDS THE RECORD 1159 00:56:57,496 --> 00:56:59,862 FOR FIRST JET TO BREAK THE SPEED OF SOUND. 1160 00:56:59,864 --> 00:57:03,032 AND CAPTAIN CHUCK YEAGER WAS ITS PILOT. 1161 00:57:03,034 --> 00:57:06,136 CONGRATULATIONS ON FINDING THE ANSWER 1162 00:57:06,138 --> 00:57:09,873 TO THIS MISSION'S "WHO FLEW" QUESTION, WINGED SCOUTS. 1163 00:57:09,875 --> 00:57:12,909 COMMANDER AIRHEAD WILL BE PROUD OF YOU. 1164 00:57:12,911 --> 00:57:15,148 NO ENGINES ABOUT IT. 1165 00:57:21,987 --> 00:57:24,887 FANTASTIC WORK, WINGED SCOUTS. 1166 00:57:24,889 --> 00:57:28,257 YOUR MISSION WAS A GREAT SUCCESS. 1167 00:57:28,259 --> 00:57:32,195 YOU'RE WELL ON YOUR WAY TO BECOMING OUR MOST HEIGHTENED 1168 00:57:32,197 --> 00:57:35,030 AND ENLIGHTENED PLANES. 1169 00:57:35,032 --> 00:57:36,599 VROOM, VROOM! 1170 00:57:36,601 --> 00:57:40,302 VRR... AWESOME! 1171 00:57:40,304 --> 00:57:43,139 SAY, WERE YOU, UH, 1172 00:57:43,141 --> 00:57:47,978 WERE YOU ABLE TO FIND THE ANSWER TO THIS MISSION'S "WHO FLEW" QUESTION? 1173 00:57:47,980 --> 00:57:50,346 YES, COMMANDER AIRHEAD, WE SURE DID. 1174 00:57:50,348 --> 00:57:52,415 THE BELL X-1 HOLDS THE RECORD 1175 00:57:52,417 --> 00:57:54,985 FOR FIRST JET TO BREAK THE SPEED OF SOUND. 1176 00:57:54,987 --> 00:57:58,520 YES, ON THE 14TH OF OCTOBER, 1947, 1177 00:57:58,522 --> 00:58:03,125 THE BELL X-1 BECAME THE FIRST AIRCRAFT TO BREAK THE SPEED OF SOUND. 1178 00:58:03,127 --> 00:58:06,295 IT WAS PILOTED BY AIR FORCE CAPTAIN CHUCK YEAGER 1179 00:58:06,297 --> 00:58:08,998 WHO ALSO BECAME THE VERY FIRST PILOT 1180 00:58:09,000 --> 00:58:11,500 THE BREAK THE SPEED OF SOUND. 1181 00:58:11,502 --> 00:58:13,335 THAT'S GREAT. 1182 00:58:13,337 --> 00:58:15,538 GOOD JOB, WINGED SCOUTS. 1183 00:58:15,540 --> 00:58:18,340 WHAT'S OUR NEXT MISSION, COMMANDER AIRHEAD? 1184 00:58:18,342 --> 00:58:23,413 YOUR NEXT MISSION IS GOING TO BE YOUR MOST INCREDIBLE YET. 1185 00:58:23,415 --> 00:58:27,616 WE WANT YOU TO LEARN ABOUT MODERN JETS. 1186 00:58:27,618 --> 00:58:29,319 MODERN JETS? 1187 00:58:29,321 --> 00:58:32,922 SUPER COOL-L-L-L! 1188 00:58:32,924 --> 00:58:35,692 FOR ALL THE BUMPY FLIGHTS, CAN'T WAIT! 1189 00:58:35,694 --> 00:58:37,393 YAY! 1190 00:58:37,395 --> 00:58:40,063 WINGED SCOUTS READY TO FLY, COMMANDER AIRHEAD. 1191 00:58:40,065 --> 00:58:41,230 WINGED SCOUTS. 1192 00:58:41,232 --> 00:58:44,567 VROOM, VROOM! 1193 00:58:44,569 --> 00:58:46,503 HOORAY! 1194 00:58:46,505 --> 00:58:49,306 I CAN'T WAIT TO GET STARTED. 1195 00:58:49,308 --> 00:58:52,108 ME NEITHER, THIS IS GONNA BE FUN. 1196 00:58:52,110 --> 00:58:53,442 GUMDROP, VROOMER, 1197 00:58:53,444 --> 00:58:55,679 I CAN'T BEGIN TO TELL YOU 1198 00:58:55,681 --> 00:58:59,014 HOW MUCH YOUR DEDICATION TO LEARNING 1199 00:58:59,016 --> 00:59:01,083 IMPRESSES US ALL. 1200 00:59:01,085 --> 00:59:02,619 WITH THAT IN MIND, 1201 00:59:02,621 --> 00:59:05,654 TODAY WILL BE ONE OF YOUR BIGGEST TESTS. 1202 00:59:05,656 --> 00:59:08,358 YOUR MISSION, GUMDROP AND VROOMER, 1203 00:59:08,360 --> 00:59:10,626 IS TO DISCOVER ALL ABOUT 1204 00:59:10,628 --> 00:59:14,965 THE MOST FASCINATING MACHINE OF ALL. 1205 00:59:14,967 --> 00:59:16,232 PLANES! 1206 00:59:16,234 --> 00:59:18,134 PLANES! 1207 00:59:18,136 --> 00:59:20,737 EXACTLY! 1208 00:59:20,739 --> 00:59:24,474 YOU WILL TRAVEL ALL OVER THE WORLD 1209 00:59:24,476 --> 00:59:28,311 ACROSS TIME, AND SPACE AND BEYOND. 1210 00:59:28,313 --> 00:59:32,114 YOU MUST KEEP YOUR LITTLE METAL NOSES POINTED AHEAD, 1211 00:59:32,116 --> 00:59:33,717 YOUR MOTORS HUMMING, 1212 00:59:33,719 --> 00:59:37,186 AND YOUR WINGS PERKED AT ALL TIMES. 1213 00:59:37,188 --> 00:59:42,358 WE DEPEND ON YOU TO DO THE BEST JOB POSSIBLE. 1214 00:59:42,360 --> 00:59:44,027 ARE YOU READY FOR YOUR ASSIGNMENT? 1215 00:59:44,029 --> 00:59:47,463 - MACH 5 KNOWLEDGE? - LET'S GET IT! 1216 00:59:47,465 --> 00:59:50,333 PLANE SCOUTS READY FOR OUR MISSION, COMMANDER AIRHEAD. 1217 00:59:50,335 --> 00:59:54,737 THIS IS SURE TO BE A CHALLENGING MISSION, LITTLE ONES. 1218 00:59:54,739 --> 00:59:58,141 OOH, TELL ME MORE, I LOVE CHALLENGING MISSIONS. 1219 00:59:58,143 --> 01:00:01,777 SOUND BARRIER BRAIN BLAST, ME TOO! 1220 01:00:01,779 --> 01:00:04,179 I'M SENDING YOU TWO ON A MISSION 1221 01:00:04,181 --> 01:00:07,416 TO LEARN ABOUT MODERN JETS. 1222 01:00:07,418 --> 01:00:08,784 MODERN JETS? 1223 01:00:08,786 --> 01:00:10,686 HOW COOL. 1224 01:00:10,688 --> 01:00:12,355 CAN'T WAIT. 1225 01:00:12,357 --> 01:00:15,358 IT'S UP TO YOU TO LEARN ALL ABOUT IT 1226 01:00:15,360 --> 01:00:19,061 AND REPORT BACK TO ME WITH WHAT YOU HAVE DISCOVERED. 1227 01:00:19,063 --> 01:00:21,163 FLAPPING FUN WINGS. 1228 01:00:21,165 --> 01:00:24,134 THIS IS GOING TO BE AN INCREDIBLE ADVENTURE. 1229 01:00:24,136 --> 01:00:27,737 WHAT CAN YOU TELL US ABOUT THE MODERN JETS, COMMANDER AIRHEAD? 1230 01:00:27,739 --> 01:00:33,076 WELL, THE FIRST JETS WERE BUILT OVER 1,000 YEARS AGO. 1231 01:00:33,078 --> 01:00:37,413 AND OVER THAT TIME, DURING TIMES OF WAR AND IN BETWEEN, 1232 01:00:37,415 --> 01:00:40,215 THERE HAS BEEN TREMENDOUS BREAKTHROUGH 1233 01:00:40,217 --> 01:00:42,819 IN THE MANUFACTURING OF BOTH COMMERCIAL 1234 01:00:42,821 --> 01:00:44,587 AND FIGHTER JETS. 1235 01:00:44,589 --> 01:00:47,157 NUMEROUS TESTS AND MODIFICATIONS 1236 01:00:47,159 --> 01:00:51,326 HAVE LED TO WHAT WE KNOW AS MODERN JETS TODAY. 1237 01:00:51,328 --> 01:00:54,563 WOW, I CAN'T WAIT TO FIND OUT MORE. 1238 01:00:54,565 --> 01:00:58,300 MODERN JETS? SOUNDS ABSOLUTELY AMAZING. 1239 01:00:58,302 --> 01:01:01,070 AS YOU KNOW, VROOMER AND GUMDROP, 1240 01:01:01,072 --> 01:01:03,139 TO BE ALL YOU CAN BE, 1241 01:01:03,141 --> 01:01:05,375 YOU MUST FIND OUT AND LEARN 1242 01:01:05,377 --> 01:01:09,244 TONS OF AMAZING FACTS ABOUT AIRPLANES. 1243 01:01:09,246 --> 01:01:11,181 YES, COMMANDER AIRHEAD. 1244 01:01:11,183 --> 01:01:13,849 VROOM, VROOM! 1245 01:01:13,851 --> 01:01:15,485 WE WILL! 1246 01:01:15,487 --> 01:01:17,186 EXCELLENT. 1247 01:01:17,188 --> 01:01:20,255 YOU MUST ALSO KNOW THERE IS A QUESTION 1248 01:01:20,257 --> 01:01:25,728 THAT ALL THE BRIGHTEST FLYING MINDS ALL OVER THE WORLD SKIES 1249 01:01:25,730 --> 01:01:29,666 HAVE NOT BEEN ABLE TO ANSWER ABOUT MODERN JETS. 1250 01:01:29,668 --> 01:01:32,302 WE NEED YOU TWO WINGED SCOUTS 1251 01:01:32,304 --> 01:01:37,172 TO HELP US ANSWER THE "WHO FLEW"QUESTION ABOUT MODERN JETS. 1252 01:01:37,174 --> 01:01:38,641 "WHO FLEW" QUESTION? 1253 01:01:38,643 --> 01:01:40,175 LOVE IT. 1254 01:01:40,177 --> 01:01:42,311 WHAT IS THE QUESTION, COMMANDER AIRHEAD? 1255 01:01:42,313 --> 01:01:45,415 WHAT IS THE FASTEST MODERN JET 1256 01:01:45,417 --> 01:01:48,550 AND WHAT IS ITS MAXIMUM SPEED? 1257 01:01:48,552 --> 01:01:51,688 THAT'S A GREAT QUESTION, COMMANDER AIRHEAD. 1258 01:01:51,690 --> 01:01:54,556 WE'LL LAND THE ANSWER IN A SPIN OF A PROPELLER. 1259 01:01:54,558 --> 01:01:56,192 I'M SURE. 1260 01:01:56,194 --> 01:01:57,559 I WILL ASSIGN YOU 1261 01:01:57,561 --> 01:02:00,462 THE BEST WINGED SCOUT HELPER IN THE WORLD. 1262 01:02:00,464 --> 01:02:02,431 HIS NAME IS WILLY WIDGET. 1263 01:02:02,433 --> 01:02:04,433 HE'S A ROBOTIC ENCYCLOPEDIA 1264 01:02:04,435 --> 01:02:06,835 OF AIRCRAFT KNOWLEDGE. 1265 01:02:06,837 --> 01:02:10,507 HE WILL ASSIST YOU ON YOUR MISSION. 1266 01:02:10,509 --> 01:02:12,175 OUR BOT. 1267 01:02:12,177 --> 01:02:14,143 IT'S ALWAYS SUNNY SKIES 1268 01:02:14,145 --> 01:02:16,212 WITH OLE WILLY WIDGET. 1269 01:02:16,214 --> 01:02:20,884 BE SURE TO ASK A LOT OF QUESTIONS, WINGED SCOUTS. 1270 01:02:20,886 --> 01:02:23,920 AS ALWAYS, WILLY KNOWS IT ALL. 1271 01:02:23,922 --> 01:02:26,688 YAY! 1272 01:02:26,690 --> 01:02:29,791 WINGED SCOUTS READY TO FLY, COMMANDER AIRHEAD. 1273 01:02:29,793 --> 01:02:31,261 WINGED SCOUTS. 1274 01:02:31,263 --> 01:02:33,395 VROOM, VROOM! 1275 01:02:33,397 --> 01:02:36,166 VROOM, VROOM, VROOM, VROOM, VROOM, VROOM, VROOM 1276 01:02:36,168 --> 01:02:37,800 HOORAY! 1277 01:02:49,380 --> 01:02:51,181 WINGED SCOUTS! 1278 01:02:51,183 --> 01:02:53,550 READY TO GET STARTED ON YOUR NEXT ADVENTURE? 1279 01:02:53,552 --> 01:02:55,585 YES, SUPER READY. 1280 01:02:55,587 --> 01:02:56,920 IS THE SKY BLUE? 1281 01:02:56,922 --> 01:02:58,621 REMEMBER, WINGED SCOUTS, 1282 01:02:58,623 --> 01:03:00,822 ANY AND ALL QUESTIONS YOU HAVE 1283 01:03:00,824 --> 01:03:03,592 I'M HERE TO ANSWER THEM. 1284 01:03:03,594 --> 01:03:05,427 WHERE DO WE BEGIN? 1285 01:03:05,429 --> 01:03:07,462 MORE THAN 100 YEARS AGO, 1286 01:03:07,464 --> 01:03:09,299 ORVILLE AND WILBUR WRIGHT 1287 01:03:09,301 --> 01:03:11,266 TAUGHT MANKIND HOW TO FLY. 1288 01:03:11,268 --> 01:03:12,701 AND EVER SINCE THEN, 1289 01:03:12,703 --> 01:03:14,603 THERE HAS BEEN REPLICATIONS, 1290 01:03:14,605 --> 01:03:16,838 IMPROVEMENTS AND MODIFICATIONS 1291 01:03:16,840 --> 01:03:19,708 THAT HAVE SEEN JETS DO NUMEROUS FEATS 1292 01:03:19,710 --> 01:03:22,277 ONCE CONSIDERED IMPOSSIBLE. 1293 01:03:22,279 --> 01:03:24,746 THE FIRST JET TO BREAK THE SPEED OF SOUND, 1294 01:03:24,748 --> 01:03:27,683 THE BELL X-1 PILOTED BY CHARLES YEAGER 1295 01:03:27,685 --> 01:03:29,985 IN 1947 SET THE PACE. 1296 01:03:29,987 --> 01:03:31,788 AND EVER SINCE THEN, 1297 01:03:31,790 --> 01:03:33,590 OTHERS HAVE FOLLOWED. 1298 01:03:33,592 --> 01:03:35,425 WHOA! 1299 01:03:35,427 --> 01:03:38,962 TO SEE SOME OF THE LATEST IN MODERN FIFTH-GENERATION JETS, 1300 01:03:38,964 --> 01:03:42,864 WE WILL HAVE TO TRAVEL ACROSS THE WORLD 1301 01:03:42,866 --> 01:03:44,601 TO MANY COUNTRIES. 1302 01:03:44,603 --> 01:03:47,369 WINGS UP, LET'S GO HAVE SOME FUN! 1303 01:03:47,371 --> 01:03:48,574 YEAH! 1304 01:03:51,942 --> 01:03:55,445 IN RUSSIA, THERE HAVE BEEN SOME TREMENDOUS BREAKTHROUGHS 1305 01:03:55,447 --> 01:03:57,813 WITH THE FOURTH-GENERATION JET FIGHTERS. 1306 01:03:57,815 --> 01:03:59,748 MIKOYAN MIG-29 1307 01:03:59,750 --> 01:04:01,951 AND SUKHOI SU-27. 1308 01:04:01,953 --> 01:04:04,253 BUT RECENTLY, THEY HAVE DEVELOPED 1309 01:04:04,255 --> 01:04:07,322 THE FIFTH-GENERATION SUKHOI SU-35, 1310 01:04:07,324 --> 01:04:10,525 WHICH IS AN IMPROVEMENT ON THE SU-27. 1311 01:04:10,527 --> 01:04:14,896 AND BELONGS ON THE TOP TEN MODERN JETS OF THE CENTURY. 1312 01:04:14,898 --> 01:04:18,000 THERE'S ALSO A NEW SUKHOI PAK FA 1313 01:04:18,002 --> 01:04:20,969 STEALTHY SUPERIOR AIR FIGHTER JET BEING DEVELOPED. 1314 01:04:20,971 --> 01:04:23,473 SAY, WHAT'S THE MAXIMUM SPEED 1315 01:04:23,475 --> 01:04:25,675 OF THE SUKHOI SU-35? 1316 01:04:25,677 --> 01:04:29,279 THE SUKHOI SU-35 HAS A MAXIMUM SPEED 1317 01:04:29,281 --> 01:04:33,815 AT ALTITUDE OF 2,410 KILOMETERS PER HOUR 1318 01:04:33,817 --> 01:04:36,319 OR MACH 2.25. 1319 01:04:36,321 --> 01:04:37,887 INCREDIBLE. 1320 01:04:37,889 --> 01:04:41,623 HIT MY PLANE BRAIN WITH MORE COOL INFO, WILLY WIDGET. 1321 01:04:41,625 --> 01:04:43,525 BY LATE 2010, 1322 01:04:43,527 --> 01:04:45,862 CHINA DESIGNED TWO PROTOTYPES 1323 01:04:45,864 --> 01:04:47,829 OF THE CHENGDU J-20 1324 01:04:47,831 --> 01:04:50,400 AND BEGAN HIGH-SPEED TAXI TRIALS. 1325 01:04:50,402 --> 01:04:52,735 THE J-20 MADE ITS FIRST FLIGHT 1326 01:04:52,737 --> 01:04:55,070 IN JANUARY 2011. 1327 01:04:55,072 --> 01:04:57,706 IN DECEMBER 2015, 1328 01:04:57,708 --> 01:05:01,643 A NEW J-20 WITH SERIAL NUMBER 2101 1329 01:05:01,645 --> 01:05:05,815 WAS SEEN LEAVING ITS CHENGDU AVIATION CORPORATION FACTORY. 1330 01:05:05,817 --> 01:05:09,418 IT IS BELIEVED TO BE THE FIRST OF THE LOW-RATE 1331 01:05:09,420 --> 01:05:11,487 INITIAL PRODUCTION AIRCRAFT. 1332 01:05:11,489 --> 01:05:14,389 THE 2101 CONDUCTED ITS MAIDEN FLIGHT 1333 01:05:14,391 --> 01:05:16,659 IN JANUARY 2016. 1334 01:05:16,661 --> 01:05:19,661 BLASTING ENGINES, THAT'S AMAZING. 1335 01:05:19,663 --> 01:05:22,431 THERE WERE RUMORS OF A POSSIBLE PROTOTYPE 1336 01:05:22,433 --> 01:05:25,768 OF THE F-60, NAMED THE SHENYANG J-31, 1337 01:05:25,770 --> 01:05:28,404 WHICH WAS LATER LAUNCHED AND MADE ITS MAIDEN FLIGHT 1338 01:05:28,406 --> 01:05:30,706 IN OCTOBER, 2012. 1339 01:05:30,708 --> 01:05:33,041 VERY INTERESTING. 1340 01:05:33,043 --> 01:05:34,777 WHAT HAPPENED NEXT, WILLY? 1341 01:05:34,779 --> 01:05:36,913 EXCELLENT QUESTION, GUMDROP. 1342 01:05:36,915 --> 01:05:38,947 THE UNITED STATES HAS REMAINED 1343 01:05:38,949 --> 01:05:41,351 ONE OF THE LEADERS IN BUILDING MODERN JETS. 1344 01:05:41,353 --> 01:05:44,020 THEY OWN SOME OF THE BEST MODERN JETS 1345 01:05:44,022 --> 01:05:47,357 AND THEIR LOCKHEED MARTIN BOEING F-22 RAPTOR 1346 01:05:47,359 --> 01:05:50,726 IS THE MOST SUPERIOR JET EVER PRODUCED. 1347 01:05:50,728 --> 01:05:54,096 AND IS ALMOST INVISIBLE TO RADARS. 1348 01:05:54,098 --> 01:05:57,366 IT CARRIES A POWERFUL ARRAY OF WEAPONRY 1349 01:05:57,368 --> 01:05:59,134 AND REMAINS THE MOST ADVANCED 1350 01:05:59,136 --> 01:06:03,706 AND MOST EXPENSIVE PRODUCTION FIGHTER AIRCRAFT TO DATE. 1351 01:06:03,708 --> 01:06:04,974 WHOA! 1352 01:06:04,976 --> 01:06:06,409 FUN FACTOID. 1353 01:06:06,411 --> 01:06:08,811 ARE ALL THE MODERN JETS FIGHTER JETS? 1354 01:06:08,813 --> 01:06:11,447 THAT'S A VERY QUESTION, VROOMER. 1355 01:06:11,449 --> 01:06:14,550 NOT ALL THE MODERN JETS ARE FIGHTER JETS 1356 01:06:14,552 --> 01:06:17,487 AS THERE ARE ALSO SOME PASSENGER JETS. 1357 01:06:17,489 --> 01:06:21,623 PASSENGER JETS USUALLY HAVE TWO OR FOUR JET ENGINES. 1358 01:06:21,625 --> 01:06:25,094 THREE-ENGINE DESIGNS WERE POPULAR IN THE 1970S, 1359 01:06:25,096 --> 01:06:27,529 BUT ARE LESS COMMON TODAY. 1360 01:06:27,531 --> 01:06:29,665 HIGH-FLYING FACTOID. 1361 01:06:29,667 --> 01:06:33,469 WHAT WERE THE FIRST PASSENGER JET PLANES EVER MADE, WILLY? 1362 01:06:33,471 --> 01:06:37,407 THE FIRST JET AIRLINER WAS THE BRITISH DE HAVILLAND COMET, 1363 01:06:37,409 --> 01:06:40,409 WHICH FIRST FLEW IN 1949. 1364 01:06:40,411 --> 01:06:42,712 ALSO DEVELOPED IN 1949 1365 01:06:42,714 --> 01:06:46,047 WAS THE AVRO CANADA C102 JETLINER, 1366 01:06:46,049 --> 01:06:48,918 WHICH SADLY NEVER REACHED PRODUCTION. 1367 01:06:48,920 --> 01:06:50,585 WHOA-OH-OH. 1368 01:06:50,587 --> 01:06:53,889 FACTOID COOLER THAN ICICLES ON MY PROPELLERS 1369 01:06:53,891 --> 01:06:55,958 AFTER AN ICY FLIGHT. 1370 01:06:55,960 --> 01:06:57,692 WHAT ARE SOME OF THE NEWEST 1371 01:06:57,694 --> 01:06:59,929 MODERN PASSENGER JETS, WILLY WIDGET? 1372 01:06:59,931 --> 01:07:01,864 EXCELLENT QUESTION, VROOMER. 1373 01:07:01,866 --> 01:07:05,867 THE FRENCH AIRBUS A350 XWB 1374 01:07:05,869 --> 01:07:10,038 AND THE AMERICAN BOEING 787-9 DREAMLINER 1375 01:07:10,040 --> 01:07:13,775 ARE CURRENTLY PERHAPS THE TWO MOST ADVANCED 1376 01:07:13,777 --> 01:07:15,710 PASSENGER JETS IN THE WORLD. 1377 01:07:15,712 --> 01:07:17,846 AND ARE STILL IN PRODUCTION. 1378 01:07:17,848 --> 01:07:19,882 ARE ALL PASSENGER JETS CAPABLE 1379 01:07:19,884 --> 01:07:22,050 OF SUPERSONIC FLIGHT, WILLY WIDGET? 1380 01:07:22,052 --> 01:07:24,686 VERY GOOD QUESTION, VROOMER. 1381 01:07:24,688 --> 01:07:27,690 I SEE YOU ARE KEEPING A KEEN MIND. 1382 01:07:27,692 --> 01:07:30,592 NO JET AIRLINER, OTHER THAN THE CONCORDE, 1383 01:07:30,594 --> 01:07:33,462 IS CAPABLE OF SUPERSONIC FLIGHT. 1384 01:07:33,464 --> 01:07:36,065 IS THE CONCORDE STILL OPERATIONAL TODAY? 1385 01:07:36,067 --> 01:07:39,869 NO, GUMDROP, THE AEROSPATIALE/BAC CONCORDE 1386 01:07:39,871 --> 01:07:43,005 DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS IN 2003. 1387 01:07:43,007 --> 01:07:44,239 WHOA! 1388 01:07:44,241 --> 01:07:46,141 HOW WAS THE CONCORDE POWERED? 1389 01:07:46,143 --> 01:07:49,945 THE CONCORDE WAS POWERED WITH THE OLYMPUS 320 TURBO JET, 1390 01:07:49,947 --> 01:07:52,148 A DEVELOPMENT OF THE BRISTOL ENGINE 1391 01:07:52,150 --> 01:07:54,951 FIRST USED FOR THE AVRO VULCAN BOMBER. 1392 01:07:54,953 --> 01:07:56,585 WHOA. 1393 01:07:56,587 --> 01:07:59,721 HOOTING TOOTING TURBINES. 1394 01:07:59,723 --> 01:08:01,924 THOSE ARE SOME COOL TERMS. 1395 01:08:01,926 --> 01:08:04,694 MANY COUNTRIES SUCH AS CHINA, JAPAN, 1396 01:08:04,696 --> 01:08:07,929 RUSSIA, FRANCE, UNITED STATES AND THE UK 1397 01:08:07,931 --> 01:08:09,732 ARE ALL MAKING EFFORTS 1398 01:08:09,734 --> 01:08:12,534 TOWARD DEVELOPING SIXTH-GENERATION JETS, 1399 01:08:12,536 --> 01:08:16,506 WHICH WILL BE THE FUTURE OF THE MODERN WORLD. 1400 01:08:16,508 --> 01:08:20,243 SOME OF THESE JETS INCLUDE THE RUSSIAN MIKOYAN MIG-41, 1401 01:08:20,245 --> 01:08:23,278 THE JAPANESE MITSUBISHI X-2 SHINSHIN 1402 01:08:23,280 --> 01:08:25,213 AND LOTS MORE! 1403 01:08:25,215 --> 01:08:27,582 WHOO-HOO! 1404 01:08:27,584 --> 01:08:29,752 YAY! 1405 01:08:29,754 --> 01:08:32,121 RECENTLY, LOCKHEED MARTIN ENGINEERS 1406 01:08:32,123 --> 01:08:34,657 HAVE DEVELOPED A BOX WING CONCEPT 1407 01:08:34,659 --> 01:08:37,792 TO FIND NEW WAYS TO REDUCE FUEL BURN 1408 01:08:37,794 --> 01:08:41,663 WITHOUT ABANDONING THE BASIC SHAPE OF CURRENT AIRCRAFT. 1409 01:08:41,665 --> 01:08:43,765 ADAPTING THE LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS 1410 01:08:43,767 --> 01:08:47,636 FOUND IN THE F-22 AND F-35 FIGHTER JETS, 1411 01:08:47,638 --> 01:08:50,605 THEY DESIGNED A LOOPED WING CONFIGURATION 1412 01:08:50,607 --> 01:08:55,176 THAT WOULD INCREASE THE LIFT-TO-DRAG RATIO BY 16%, 1413 01:08:55,178 --> 01:08:57,747 MAKING IT POSSIBLE TO FLY FURTHER 1414 01:08:57,749 --> 01:08:59,180 USING LESS FUEL 1415 01:08:59,182 --> 01:09:01,716 WHILE STILL FITTING INTO AIRPORT GATES. 1416 01:09:01,718 --> 01:09:03,853 COOL SKIES. 1417 01:09:03,855 --> 01:09:07,088 THE FIRST ERA OF COMMERCIAL SUPERSONIC TRANSPORTATION 1418 01:09:07,090 --> 01:09:10,826 ENDED ON NOVEMBER 26TH, 2003 1419 01:09:10,828 --> 01:09:13,996 WITH THE FINAL FLIGHT OF THAT CONCORDE I MENTIONED, 1420 01:09:13,998 --> 01:09:18,000 A NOISY, INEFFICIENT AND HIGH-POLLUTING AIRCRAFT. 1421 01:09:18,002 --> 01:09:20,235 BUT THE DREAM OF A SUB-THREE-HOUR 1422 01:09:20,237 --> 01:09:22,104 CROSS-COUNTRY FLIGHT LINGERED. 1423 01:09:22,106 --> 01:09:25,574 AND IN 2010, DESIGNERS AT LOCKHEED MARTIN 1424 01:09:25,576 --> 01:09:29,945 PRESENTED THE MACH 1.6 SUPERSONIC GREEN MACHINE. 1425 01:09:29,947 --> 01:09:32,180 THE PLANE'S VARIABLE CYCLE ENGINES 1426 01:09:32,182 --> 01:09:36,786 IMPROVED EFFICIENCY BY SWITCHING TO CONVENTIONAL TURBOFAN MODE 1427 01:09:36,788 --> 01:09:38,220 DURING TAKEOFF AND LANDING. 1428 01:09:38,222 --> 01:09:40,288 COMBUSTORS BUILT INTO THE ENGINE 1429 01:09:40,290 --> 01:09:45,661 WOULD REDUCE NITROGEN OXIDE POLLUTION BY 75%. 1430 01:09:45,663 --> 01:09:48,096 WHAT IS THE FASTER MODERN JET? 1431 01:09:48,098 --> 01:09:50,198 AND WHAT IS ITS MAXIMUM SPEED? 1432 01:09:50,200 --> 01:09:53,068 OH, THE ROCKET-POWERED X-15 1433 01:09:53,070 --> 01:09:54,936 HOLDS THE OFFICIAL WORLD RECORD 1434 01:09:54,938 --> 01:09:58,274 FOR THE FASTEST SPEED EVER REACHED BY A MANNED AIRCRAFT, 1435 01:09:58,276 --> 01:10:00,743 MACH 6.72, 1436 01:10:00,745 --> 01:10:04,846 WHICH IS 6.72 TIMES THE SPEED OF SOUND 1437 01:10:04,848 --> 01:10:09,150 OR 4,520 MILES PER HOUR. 1438 01:10:09,152 --> 01:10:12,188 HEY, GUMDROP, I THINK WE JUST FOUND THE ANSWER 1439 01:10:12,190 --> 01:10:15,091 TO COMMANDER AIRHEAD'S "WHO FLEW" QUESTION. 1440 01:10:15,093 --> 01:10:16,792 YOU'RE RIGHT, VROOMER. 1441 01:10:16,794 --> 01:10:19,295 THE RECORD GOES TO THE X-15 AIRCRAFT. 1442 01:10:19,297 --> 01:10:21,963 CONGRATULATIONS ON FINDING THE ANSWER 1443 01:10:21,965 --> 01:10:25,701 TO THIS MISSION'S "WHO FLEW" QUESTION, WINGED SCOUTS. 1444 01:10:25,703 --> 01:10:29,137 COMMANDER AIRHEAD WILL BE PROUD OF YOU. 1445 01:10:29,139 --> 01:10:30,875 NO PISTONS ABOUT IT. 1446 01:10:37,714 --> 01:10:40,416 FANTASTIC WORK, WINGED SCOUTS. 1447 01:10:40,418 --> 01:10:43,685 YOUR MISSION WAS A GREAT SUCCESS. 1448 01:10:43,687 --> 01:10:47,723 LIKE ALWAYS, YOU TWO NEVER LET US DOWN. 1449 01:10:47,725 --> 01:10:49,692 UNTIL IT'S TIME TO LAND, RIGHT? 1450 01:10:51,228 --> 01:10:54,162 SAY, WERE YOU ABLE TO FIND 1451 01:10:54,164 --> 01:10:58,067 THE ANSWER TO THIS MISSION'S "WHO FLEW" QUESTION? 1452 01:10:58,069 --> 01:11:00,802 YES, COMMANDER AIRHEAD, WE SURE DID. 1453 01:11:00,804 --> 01:11:04,105 THE OFFICIAL RECORD GOES TO THE ROCKET-POWERED X-15 1454 01:11:04,107 --> 01:11:07,710 FOR THE FASTEST SPEED EVER REACHED BY A MANNED AIRCRAFT. 1455 01:11:07,712 --> 01:11:11,447 THE FASTEST MODERN JET IS THE ROCKET-POWERED X-15 1456 01:11:11,449 --> 01:11:14,183 WITH A SPEED OF MACH 6.72, 1457 01:11:14,185 --> 01:11:17,886 WHICH IS 6.72 TIMES THE SPEED OF SOUND 1458 01:11:17,888 --> 01:11:21,890 OR 5,520 MILES PER HOUR. 1459 01:11:21,892 --> 01:11:23,826 THAT'S GREAT! 1460 01:11:23,828 --> 01:11:25,927 GOOD JOB, WINGED SCOUTS. 1461 01:11:25,929 --> 01:11:28,997 WHAT'S OUR NEXT MISSION, COMMANDER AIRHEAD? 1462 01:11:28,999 --> 01:11:34,069 YOUR NEXT MISSION IS GOING TO BE YOUR MOST INCREDIBLE YET. 1463 01:11:34,071 --> 01:11:38,274 WE WANT YOU TO LEARN ABOUT THE WORLD'S FASTEST JETS. 1464 01:11:38,276 --> 01:11:41,342 THE WORLD'S FASTEST JETS? WOW! 1465 01:11:41,344 --> 01:11:43,011 COOL! 1466 01:11:43,013 --> 01:11:44,880 FOR ALL THE BUMPY FLIGHTS, 1467 01:11:44,882 --> 01:11:46,381 CAN'T WAIT TO GET STARTED. 1468 01:11:46,383 --> 01:11:48,016 YAY! 1469 01:11:48,018 --> 01:11:50,286 WINGED SCOUTS READY TO FLY, COMMANDER AIRHEAD. 1470 01:11:50,288 --> 01:11:53,456 - WINGED SCOUTS. - VROOM, VROOM! 1471 01:11:53,458 --> 01:11:55,024 HOORAY! 1472 01:11:55,026 --> 01:11:57,225 YOU KNOW, I'M PRETTY FAST MYSELF. 1473 01:11:57,227 --> 01:11:59,127 IF I DO SAY SO. 1474 01:11:59,129 --> 01:12:03,099 BUT YOU'RE NOT THE WORLD'S FASTEST FAST, VROOMER. 1475 01:12:03,101 --> 01:12:05,734 YOU GUYS ARE STILL YOUNG. 1476 01:12:05,736 --> 01:12:09,240 THERE'S ALWAYS TIME FOR GROWTH, WINGED SCOUTS. 1477 01:12:20,398 --> 01:12:25,121 Subtitles by explosiveskull 1478 01:12:25,123 --> 01:12:28,323 ♪ I WAS JUST SITTING UP IN MY TREE ♪ 1479 01:12:28,325 --> 01:12:30,926 ♪ IN MY TREE, IN MY TREE ♪ 1480 01:12:30,928 --> 01:12:34,863 ♪ I SAW A BEAUTIFUL FACE WAS LOOKING UP AT ME ♪ 1481 01:12:34,865 --> 01:12:37,332 ♪ UP AT ME, UP AT ME ♪ 1482 01:12:37,334 --> 01:12:41,202 ♪ OH, SHE HAD A CUTE SMILE, SO I ASKED HER NAME ♪ 1483 01:12:41,204 --> 01:12:44,305 ♪ ASKED HER NAME, ASKED HER NAME ♪ 1484 01:12:44,307 --> 01:12:47,309 ♪ WHEN WE GOT TO TALKING, SAID SHE FELT THE SAME ♪ 1485 01:12:47,311 --> 01:12:49,912 ♪ THAT SHE FELT THE SAME, FELT THE SAME ♪ 1486 01:12:49,914 --> 01:12:54,315 ♪ OH, EVERY TIME I SEE HER, I DO MY THING ♪ 1487 01:12:56,788 --> 01:12:59,954 ♪ WELL, NOW SHE'S BY MY SIDE WHERE SHE WANTS TO BE ♪ 1488 01:12:59,956 --> 01:13:01,357 ♪ UH, SHE WANTS TO BE ♪ 1489 01:13:01,359 --> 01:13:03,391 ♪ IT'S WHERE SHE WANTS TO BE ♪ 1490 01:13:03,393 --> 01:13:06,095 ♪ SHE'S COOKING US A CHICKEN WITH A JUG OF TEA ♪ 1491 01:13:06,097 --> 01:13:07,496 ♪ A JUG OF TEA ♪ 1492 01:13:07,498 --> 01:13:09,532 - ♪ OH, YEAH ♪ - ♪ A JUG OF TEA ♪ 1492 01:13:10,305 --> 01:13:16,502 Support us and become VIP member to remove all ads from www.OpenSubtitles.org