1
00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:07,000
Downloaded from
YTS.MX
2
00:00:08,000 --> 00:00:13,000
Official YIFY movies site:
YTS.MX
3
00:00:18,958 --> 00:00:20,083
[owl hoots]
4
00:00:20,291 --> 00:00:22,208
[woodpecker]
5
00:00:26,541 --> 00:00:29,041
[loudspeaker announcement
in German]
6
00:00:33,333 --> 00:00:35,666
[sombre music]
7
00:00:43,208 --> 00:00:44,541
[men shouting]
8
00:01:17,916 --> 00:01:19,750
[distant gunfire]
9
00:01:44,166 --> 00:01:46,041
[wind howls]
10
00:01:55,875 --> 00:01:57,291
[church bell]
11
00:02:21,083 --> 00:02:25,791
On Saturday, July the 15th,
1944, Anne writes,
12
00:02:27,250 --> 00:02:28,333
"Dearest Kitty,
13
00:02:29,000 --> 00:02:32,375
it is utterly impossible
for me to build my life
14
00:02:32,666 --> 00:02:36,083
on a foundation of chaos,
suffering and death.
15
00:02:37,333 --> 00:02:41,916
I see the world being slowly
transformed into a wilderness.
16
00:02:43,541 --> 00:02:45,333
I hear the approaching thunder
17
00:02:45,583 --> 00:02:48,375
that one day
will destroy us too.
18
00:02:48,708 --> 00:02:51,416
I feel
the suffering of millions.
19
00:02:52,916 --> 00:02:55,875
And yet,
when I look up at the sky,
20
00:02:56,208 --> 00:02:59,250
I somehow feel that everything
will change for the better,
21
00:03:00,166 --> 00:03:02,333
that this cruelty too will end,
22
00:03:02,500 --> 00:03:07,041
that peace and tranquillity
will return once more.
23
00:03:07,875 --> 00:03:11,250
In the meantime,
I must hold on to my ideals.
24
00:03:12,541 --> 00:03:14,000
Perhaps the day will come
25
00:03:14,250 --> 00:03:16,708
when I'll be able
to realize them.
26
00:03:18,208 --> 00:03:21,125
Yours, Anne Marie Frank."
27
00:03:25,791 --> 00:03:28,125
[sombre music]
28
00:04:01,375 --> 00:04:02,916
[Helen]
When this picture was taken,
29
00:04:03,708 --> 00:04:06,791
Anne, a Jewish girl
of almost 13,
30
00:04:07,125 --> 00:04:10,041
was unaware of what
she was going to be faced with.
31
00:04:11,791 --> 00:04:13,583
[gulls calling]
32
00:04:17,208 --> 00:04:19,291
She did not know
that she would be spending
33
00:04:19,458 --> 00:04:23,791
two years of her life in hiding
in this house in Amsterdam,
34
00:04:24,916 --> 00:04:28,333
hardly able to see
the sky or breath the air,
35
00:04:28,958 --> 00:04:30,708
deprived of her freedom.
36
00:04:31,291 --> 00:04:34,041
She will hide here,
together with her family,
37
00:04:34,208 --> 00:04:35,875
to escape from the Nazis.
38
00:04:36,791 --> 00:04:38,375
[men shouting]
39
00:04:44,083 --> 00:04:48,333
Here, she will be scared,
but she will live, grow,
40
00:04:48,500 --> 00:04:49,958
and write a diary
41
00:04:50,125 --> 00:04:53,000
to an imaginary friend
by the name of Kitty.
42
00:04:54,458 --> 00:04:56,500
[soft piano music]
43
00:05:09,458 --> 00:05:10,750
[church bell]
44
00:05:11,250 --> 00:05:14,416
Wednesday,
April the 5th, 1944.
45
00:05:15,916 --> 00:05:17,708
"My dearest Kitty,
46
00:05:18,875 --> 00:05:22,166
[sighs] I need to have something
besides a husband and children
47
00:05:22,375 --> 00:05:24,166
to devote myself to.
48
00:05:24,958 --> 00:05:27,958
I don't want to have lived
in vain like most people.
49
00:05:28,875 --> 00:05:30,541
I want to be useful,
50
00:05:30,708 --> 00:05:32,666
or bring enjoyment
to all people,
51
00:05:32,833 --> 00:05:34,666
even those I've never met.
52
00:05:35,250 --> 00:05:38,833
I want to go on living,
even after my death."
53
00:05:45,791 --> 00:05:48,666
On August the 4th, 1944,
54
00:05:49,208 --> 00:05:51,375
she is arrested and deported.
55
00:05:52,708 --> 00:05:54,041
She disappeared,
56
00:05:54,708 --> 00:05:56,541
along with one million
and a half
57
00:05:56,750 --> 00:05:59,125
other kids and teens like her.
58
00:06:01,041 --> 00:06:02,708
[soft piano music]
59
00:06:37,208 --> 00:06:39,875
[orchestral music]
60
00:07:07,541 --> 00:07:09,500
[Helen] Anne knew this evil.
61
00:07:09,958 --> 00:07:11,416
Nobody can ever forget it,
62
00:07:11,583 --> 00:07:14,666
because it keeps
on digging within the survivors.
63
00:07:17,916 --> 00:07:19,833
Even within those children,
64
00:07:20,000 --> 00:07:22,666
who, unlike Anne,
are still alive,
65
00:07:22,958 --> 00:07:25,958
and are now the last
witnesses of the Shoah.
66
00:07:27,333 --> 00:07:28,791
[in Italian]
[woman] I'm visualizing
67
00:07:29,166 --> 00:07:31,291
the gates being fully opened,
68
00:07:31,458 --> 00:07:33,708
the noise of those iron gates,
69
00:07:35,625 --> 00:07:39,375
and endless queues of people
70
00:07:40,666 --> 00:07:43,125
marching in to take a shower,
and never coming out,
71
00:07:43,291 --> 00:07:45,541
which is what happened to us later.
72
00:07:54,791 --> 00:07:57,333
[in French]
[woman] We heard the noise of batons.
73
00:07:57,500 --> 00:07:59,041
We heard the smashing of batons.
74
00:07:59,208 --> 00:08:00,916
They would hit us
and we were told,
75
00:08:01,083 --> 00:08:05,375
"You enter through the door
and exit from the chimney."
76
00:08:07,041 --> 00:08:09,083
[in Czech]
[woman] Cattle wagons remind me
77
00:08:09,250 --> 00:08:15,250
of when we stood in them.
We travelled in them.
78
00:08:16,291 --> 00:08:19,666
Those memories are always with me.
79
00:08:19,833 --> 00:08:24,000
[woman] [in Italian] The colours
I see if I close my eyes
80
00:08:24,166 --> 00:08:26,958
are the white of the snow,
and the white of the corpses.
81
00:08:27,125 --> 00:08:30,250
Flames from the chimney, snow,
82
00:08:30,708 --> 00:08:31,791
cold...
83
00:08:35,125 --> 00:08:36,666
and loneliness.
84
00:08:37,083 --> 00:08:39,208
[suspenseful music]
85
00:08:44,541 --> 00:08:45,875
[Helen] An officer of the SS,
86
00:08:46,041 --> 00:08:48,291
together with some
Dutch policemen,
87
00:08:48,541 --> 00:08:50,166
climbed up the shelter's stairs.
88
00:08:50,833 --> 00:08:53,708
They discovered the secret
behind the thin barrier
89
00:08:53,875 --> 00:08:55,333
that for two years
90
00:08:55,541 --> 00:08:57,708
had protected
Anne's underground life,
91
00:08:58,333 --> 00:09:02,333
shared with father Otto,
mother Edith, sister Margot,
92
00:09:05,166 --> 00:09:07,958
Auguste and Hermann van Pels,
93
00:09:08,125 --> 00:09:10,208
their 16 year old son, Peter,
94
00:09:10,375 --> 00:09:11,625
and Fritz Pfeffer.
95
00:09:12,875 --> 00:09:13,916
It is still unknown
96
00:09:14,250 --> 00:09:16,416
whether they had
all been betrayed.
97
00:09:17,041 --> 00:09:19,833
They just had time to grab
what they could in a hurry
98
00:09:20,000 --> 00:09:22,000
before being taken away.
99
00:09:22,708 --> 00:09:25,583
Anne's diary
was left on the floor.
100
00:09:28,333 --> 00:09:30,708
[music continues]
101
00:09:38,208 --> 00:09:40,291
-[bicycle bell]
-[big band music]
102
00:09:46,791 --> 00:09:49,541
[man singing]
103
00:09:54,708 --> 00:09:57,666
She was still free
when on her 13th birthday
104
00:09:57,833 --> 00:10:00,708
Anne had received a diary
as a birthday present,
105
00:10:02,291 --> 00:10:06,500
a light blue shirt, a puzzle,
a pot of cream, some flowers,
106
00:10:07,833 --> 00:10:09,166
and two peonies.
107
00:10:16,166 --> 00:10:18,791
It was June the 12th, 1942.
108
00:10:19,375 --> 00:10:23,583
Anne started to write her diary
and decided to give it a name.
109
00:10:29,208 --> 00:10:32,666
Saturday, June the 20th, 1942.
110
00:10:34,041 --> 00:10:37,000
"To enhance the image
of this long-awaited friend
111
00:10:37,166 --> 00:10:38,708
in my imagination,
112
00:10:38,916 --> 00:10:41,375
I don't want to jot down
the facts in this diary
113
00:10:41,541 --> 00:10:43,125
the way most people would do,
114
00:10:43,291 --> 00:10:46,166
but I want the diary
to be my friend,
115
00:10:46,791 --> 00:10:50,208
and I'm going
to call this friend Kitty."
116
00:10:54,125 --> 00:10:55,666
Kitty is a mirror,
117
00:10:56,083 --> 00:10:58,500
a double, a cure for the soul.
118
00:10:58,708 --> 00:11:02,750
She is her comfort,
outburst and consolation.
119
00:11:04,208 --> 00:11:05,791
A way of saying
120
00:11:06,000 --> 00:11:08,583
that the price you pay
for the evil you went through
121
00:11:08,750 --> 00:11:10,166
won't be too high.
122
00:11:10,625 --> 00:11:14,000
That everything can be told
to an imaginary friend,
123
00:11:14,583 --> 00:11:17,041
the first reader
of the many that Anne dreams
124
00:11:17,208 --> 00:11:18,791
of having one day,
125
00:11:19,000 --> 00:11:22,708
when everything
is going to be over.
126
00:11:24,791 --> 00:11:26,666
[tense music]
127
00:11:30,708 --> 00:11:31,958
In Bergen-Belsen,
128
00:11:32,125 --> 00:11:34,166
there was no time
to say goodbye.
129
00:11:34,375 --> 00:11:36,166
The mark of the camp was typhus,
130
00:11:36,375 --> 00:11:38,458
and the epidemic
was spread by lice,
131
00:11:38,666 --> 00:11:41,833
and ended up making
people dumb and ghastly,
132
00:11:42,083 --> 00:11:43,791
waiting for their end.
133
00:11:46,375 --> 00:11:50,041
At first, Anne and Margot
with their parents were sent
134
00:11:50,250 --> 00:11:53,416
to the Westerbork transit camp
in Eastern Holland.
135
00:11:53,791 --> 00:11:57,125
When they arrived,
more than 100,000 Jews
136
00:11:57,791 --> 00:12:00,041
had already been deported.
137
00:12:00,541 --> 00:12:05,333
The Franks' final destination
was Auschwitz in Poland.
138
00:12:05,500 --> 00:12:10,291
Later on, the two sisters ended
up in Bergen-Belsen in Germany,
139
00:12:10,625 --> 00:12:14,416
where they died of typhus
in February 1945.
140
00:12:14,625 --> 00:12:17,583
Margot first, followed by Anne.
141
00:12:23,833 --> 00:12:26,750
The SS guards in Bergen-Belsen
142
00:12:26,916 --> 00:12:29,833
were just a little older
than the two Frank sisters.
143
00:12:30,000 --> 00:12:32,708
They were young girls
who became torturers,
144
00:12:32,916 --> 00:12:36,041
and the most ferocious
was Irma Grese.
145
00:12:36,333 --> 00:12:38,208
She would later
be sentenced to death
146
00:12:38,666 --> 00:12:41,375
in a trial against
a group of SS officers,
147
00:12:41,541 --> 00:12:45,125
held by the same British forces
who freed the camp
148
00:12:46,000 --> 00:12:49,166
on April the 15th, 1945.
149
00:12:50,916 --> 00:12:53,291
The Germans
who lived near the camps
150
00:12:53,583 --> 00:12:57,083
were forced by the soldiers
who liberated the camps
151
00:12:57,250 --> 00:12:59,083
to enter and watch
152
00:12:59,958 --> 00:13:03,000
what they had always pretended
not to know.
153
00:13:04,875 --> 00:13:06,916
The SS guards in Bergen-Belsen
154
00:13:07,208 --> 00:13:09,208
were forced
by the British soldiers
155
00:13:09,375 --> 00:13:11,250
to pick up
their victims' corpses
156
00:13:11,416 --> 00:13:12,833
with their bare hands,
157
00:13:13,083 --> 00:13:15,875
and throw them
in the common graves.
158
00:13:25,166 --> 00:13:30,250
Here 23,200 people are buried.
159
00:13:43,416 --> 00:13:46,541
No one knows where
the two sisters are buried.
160
00:13:47,208 --> 00:13:49,750
They ended up,
like other victims,
161
00:13:50,208 --> 00:13:51,416
in common graves.
162
00:13:51,583 --> 00:13:53,708
[mournful piano music]
163
00:13:58,708 --> 00:14:02,958
What remains of them
is their names on a black stone.
164
00:14:21,958 --> 00:14:23,000
[train rumbling]
165
00:14:24,333 --> 00:14:26,458
[man] When you went
on the train to Auschwitz,
166
00:14:27,458 --> 00:14:28,416
for six or seven days,
167
00:14:28,583 --> 00:14:30,625
sat in their own
urine and faeces.
168
00:14:30,791 --> 00:14:33,041
No food to eat, in darkness,
169
00:14:33,208 --> 00:14:34,958
and in stink and in smell,
170
00:14:35,125 --> 00:14:37,708
so by the time
they arrived in Auschwitz,
171
00:14:37,875 --> 00:14:39,791
they look like garbage,
172
00:14:40,583 --> 00:14:42,708
and we have
no problem with garbage
173
00:14:42,875 --> 00:14:44,375
with throwing it out.
174
00:14:45,875 --> 00:14:47,208
If they look like shit,
175
00:14:47,375 --> 00:14:50,875
we have no problem
flushing it down the toilet.
176
00:14:55,916 --> 00:14:59,291
[Helen] If Anne had survived,
she would be 90 now.
177
00:15:00,208 --> 00:15:02,708
Maybe her gaze
and her face would be similar
178
00:15:02,875 --> 00:15:04,333
to those of these women,
179
00:15:04,500 --> 00:15:07,500
who are still proud of having
survived and having made it.
180
00:15:09,625 --> 00:15:11,333
[in French]
[Sarah] I do not feel hatred.
181
00:15:11,500 --> 00:15:15,250
Actually, I learned to love people.
182
00:15:15,625 --> 00:15:17,833
But I hate the Nazis.
183
00:15:18,166 --> 00:15:19,708
I shall never forgive them
184
00:15:19,875 --> 00:15:22,250
for what they have done to the children
185
00:15:23,041 --> 00:15:25,208
who were sent to the gas chambers.
186
00:15:27,708 --> 00:15:30,208
BORN NOVEMBER TH 16TH, 1939
DEPORTED MAY THE 3RD, 1944
187
00:15:33,375 --> 00:15:37,916
[in French] My children are my revenge
against the Nazis,
188
00:15:38,458 --> 00:15:41,250
and my grandchildren
and great-grandchildren
189
00:15:41,708 --> 00:15:44,541
are my way of taking the mickey
out of them.
190
00:15:54,791 --> 00:15:58,041
For many, these memories
were made of secrets,
191
00:15:58,750 --> 00:16:01,125
long silences, or half words
192
00:16:01,875 --> 00:16:04,291
needed to protect
those who came after
193
00:16:04,458 --> 00:16:07,750
from memories
that were perhaps too savage.
194
00:16:09,125 --> 00:16:11,500
And yet those memories
were passed on
195
00:16:11,708 --> 00:16:13,125
to their children,
grandchildren,
196
00:16:13,291 --> 00:16:14,750
great-grandchildren,
197
00:16:14,958 --> 00:16:18,166
as if each generation
needed to find a new voice.
198
00:16:19,208 --> 00:16:21,791
It was very difficult
for me, as a little girl,
199
00:16:22,041 --> 00:16:25,208
to understand something
that happened to so many people,
200
00:16:25,541 --> 00:16:27,041
my grandparents included.
201
00:16:27,208 --> 00:16:29,583
And then we were told
the story of Anne Frank,
202
00:16:30,250 --> 00:16:33,958
and suddenly,
there was this little girl
203
00:16:34,875 --> 00:16:38,166
who I could see
myself through her,
204
00:16:38,916 --> 00:16:43,083
and suddenly the story
became too real, I think,
205
00:16:44,250 --> 00:16:45,916
and I just got too scared.
206
00:16:47,041 --> 00:16:48,541
[Helen] Arianna's tragedy,
207
00:16:48,916 --> 00:16:51,458
who survived
four concentration camps,
208
00:16:51,958 --> 00:16:55,291
has now become a permanent
mark on Lorenzo's forearm.
209
00:16:56,041 --> 00:16:59,583
[man] [in Italian] I decided
to get her tattoo on me
210
00:17:00,166 --> 00:17:01,708
after reading her book.
211
00:17:02,166 --> 00:17:05,708
I felt very, very close
to the story,
212
00:17:05,875 --> 00:17:08,000
and also physically connected
213
00:17:08,166 --> 00:17:11,166
to what happened
to my grandmother.
214
00:17:12,625 --> 00:17:15,208
[lively melody]
215
00:17:29,791 --> 00:17:31,958
[Helen] And the voices
of her family members
216
00:17:32,125 --> 00:17:33,833
who disappeared in the camps
217
00:17:34,041 --> 00:17:37,250
are now to be found
in Francesca's music.
218
00:17:40,500 --> 00:17:44,250
[in Italian] I am Jewish, my mother
is Jewish, my father is Catholic.
219
00:17:45,041 --> 00:17:47,875
More than 40 relatives of mine
220
00:17:48,041 --> 00:17:51,416
never came back from the camps.
221
00:17:51,583 --> 00:17:56,166
I believe that growing up
with this awareness
222
00:17:56,333 --> 00:18:00,208
has always been
at the base of who I am.
223
00:18:00,541 --> 00:18:04,291
I remember having a terrible crisis
in primary school
224
00:18:04,458 --> 00:18:07,500
when I began to study history
at seven years old.
225
00:18:08,375 --> 00:18:13,416
I realized that this matter
concerned me and my family
226
00:18:14,875 --> 00:18:18,916
and the extent
of what human beings could do.
227
00:18:24,666 --> 00:18:27,208
Had I been born 65 years earlier
228
00:18:28,208 --> 00:18:30,375
I probably would have been
one of the victims.
229
00:18:40,541 --> 00:18:43,750
-[sombre music]
-[birdsong]
230
00:18:47,125 --> 00:18:49,125
[in French]
[Sarah] Everything can help you survive.
231
00:18:49,791 --> 00:18:51,833
Reciting all the poems you know,
232
00:18:52,708 --> 00:18:55,250
exchanging cooking recipes,
233
00:18:55,416 --> 00:18:58,375
singing Edith Piaf's songs.
234
00:18:59,208 --> 00:19:01,791
[sings "Le Disque Usé"
by Edith Piaf]
235
00:19:11,125 --> 00:19:13,916
[stirring orchestral music]
236
00:19:15,916 --> 00:19:19,458
[in French]
Italians sang "Mamma" and cried,
237
00:19:19,625 --> 00:19:22,083
cried while singing,
238
00:19:22,250 --> 00:19:23,333
but it was nice.
239
00:19:23,500 --> 00:19:25,708
[man singing "Mamma"]
240
00:19:37,083 --> 00:19:39,208
[in French]
[Sarah] This was resistance.
241
00:19:40,708 --> 00:19:43,333
[Helen] Sarah was arrested
during the largest raid
242
00:19:43,500 --> 00:19:48,583
on French soil on the 16th
and 17th of July, 1942.
243
00:19:49,416 --> 00:19:53,166
Thousands of Jews were locked up
in the Paris Winter Velodrome.
244
00:19:53,791 --> 00:19:56,375
Yet Sarah managed
to escape from there.
245
00:19:56,541 --> 00:19:58,375
She lived in hiding
with her mother
246
00:19:58,541 --> 00:20:00,625
in the capital city
for two years.
247
00:20:01,416 --> 00:20:03,416
Later on,
like it happened to Anne,
248
00:20:03,583 --> 00:20:05,375
she was also arrested.
249
00:20:05,916 --> 00:20:09,541
Anne was 15,
and she was one year older.
250
00:20:09,708 --> 00:20:12,875
[Sarah] [in French] One day a friend
of my mother told me,
251
00:20:13,041 --> 00:20:16,625
"Do you know that in my shack there
252
00:20:16,791 --> 00:20:21,583
is a Dutch girl called Anne?"
253
00:20:22,833 --> 00:20:25,708
The girl was standing at the front door.
254
00:20:26,458 --> 00:20:30,541
She overheard what my friend said
and smiled at me.
255
00:20:30,708 --> 00:20:35,041
She turned her head like this
and smiled briefly and timidly.
256
00:20:36,583 --> 00:20:38,500
She was already very thin,
257
00:20:38,666 --> 00:20:42,500
but she had this truly adorable smile.
258
00:20:49,833 --> 00:20:52,833
INDIFFERENCE
259
00:20:54,375 --> 00:20:56,583
[in Italian]
[man] The disaster in Bergen-Belsen
260
00:20:56,750 --> 00:20:59,833
begins with the evacuations
of the camps in the East,
261
00:21:00,000 --> 00:21:03,291
particularly the Auschwitz Birkenau camps.
262
00:21:03,500 --> 00:21:07,500
Beginning in November 1944,
263
00:21:07,666 --> 00:21:11,833
thousands of people arrive
in a situation where typhus,
264
00:21:12,083 --> 00:21:17,166
from a certain point of view,
has the same function of the gas chambers.
265
00:21:17,333 --> 00:21:21,166
Because people die,
and die in a terrible state.
266
00:21:21,333 --> 00:21:25,625
So the only thing that the Nazis
are left to do is dig common graves,
267
00:21:26,000 --> 00:21:28,000
which they have
the prisoners themselves dig.
268
00:21:28,166 --> 00:21:34,000
They throw in the corpses without
even needing to dispose of them.
269
00:21:34,166 --> 00:21:36,458
[church bells]
270
00:21:41,208 --> 00:21:42,875
[Helen] Today,
the rooms of the secret house
271
00:21:43,041 --> 00:21:48,166
on Prinsengracht 263
in Amsterdam are empty,
272
00:21:48,458 --> 00:21:50,958
to honour the six million
victims of the Nazis.
273
00:21:53,541 --> 00:21:56,250
Anne's father,
the only survivor
274
00:21:56,416 --> 00:21:58,958
of the eight people
who were hidden here,
275
00:21:59,125 --> 00:22:00,500
wanted them empty.
276
00:22:06,166 --> 00:22:10,583
Yet we are in Anne's room
as it was in 1942,
277
00:22:11,000 --> 00:22:13,125
with the traces of her life.
278
00:22:13,666 --> 00:22:16,208
Saturday, July the 11th, 1942.
279
00:22:17,333 --> 00:22:18,458
"Dearest Kitty,
280
00:22:18,875 --> 00:22:21,833
the Annex is an ideal
place to hide in.
281
00:22:22,125 --> 00:22:23,833
It may be damp and lopsided,
282
00:22:24,000 --> 00:22:26,625
but there's probably not
a more comfortable hiding place
283
00:22:26,791 --> 00:22:28,083
in all of Amsterdam.
284
00:22:28,375 --> 00:22:30,541
No, in all of Holland."
285
00:22:32,291 --> 00:22:36,125
Her teenager's room
was shared for two years
286
00:22:36,291 --> 00:22:39,833
with one of the guests
in the house, Mr. Pfeffer,
287
00:22:40,125 --> 00:22:42,625
a dentist, well into his 50s,
288
00:22:42,833 --> 00:22:45,000
with whom
she never got along well.
289
00:22:45,958 --> 00:22:49,750
Two beds facing each other,
and a desk.
290
00:22:51,458 --> 00:22:56,291
All you have
are the walls for your dreams.
291
00:23:02,708 --> 00:23:06,625
Deanne Durbin, Ginger Rogers
and Greta Garbo in Ninotchka,
292
00:23:06,833 --> 00:23:10,500
and the German movie star
Heinz Rühmann, Ray Milland,
293
00:23:10,708 --> 00:23:12,750
and then Anne's other passion,
294
00:23:12,916 --> 00:23:16,958
Sonja Henie, an ice-skating
world champion from Norway.
295
00:23:17,666 --> 00:23:19,583
Fragments
of other people's lives
296
00:23:19,791 --> 00:23:21,916
to give a flair to her own.
297
00:23:22,208 --> 00:23:25,083
Anne looks
at clothes and hairdos.
298
00:23:25,958 --> 00:23:27,958
There is a picture
of the Dutch Royal family,
299
00:23:28,125 --> 00:23:32,125
and the face of young Elizabeth,
the future Queen of England.
300
00:23:32,291 --> 00:23:34,000
A minuscule world,
301
00:23:34,166 --> 00:23:39,416
yet it's been her entire world
since July the 6th, 1942,
302
00:23:39,958 --> 00:23:44,041
the day the Frank family went
into their secret hiding place.
303
00:23:45,333 --> 00:23:47,833
The Franks,
originally from Frankfurt,
304
00:23:48,000 --> 00:23:50,208
left Germany in 1933,
305
00:23:50,958 --> 00:23:53,041
the year Hitler came to power.
306
00:23:53,208 --> 00:23:56,208
However, the atmosphere
for both local and migrant Jews
307
00:23:56,375 --> 00:23:58,291
in Holland had become tough.
308
00:23:58,458 --> 00:24:00,458
[muted male voices]
309
00:24:05,000 --> 00:24:08,041
Later on came the first
deportations
310
00:24:08,625 --> 00:24:10,083
and racial laws.
311
00:24:13,000 --> 00:24:14,583
[speaking in German]
312
00:24:14,791 --> 00:24:18,708
[Helen] In 1939, Hitler had
already declared his proposal
313
00:24:18,875 --> 00:24:22,125
of the annihilation
of all the Jews of Europe.
314
00:24:25,833 --> 00:24:28,208
And on January the 20th, 1942,
315
00:24:28,666 --> 00:24:31,291
during the Wannsee Conference
in Berlin,
316
00:24:32,000 --> 00:24:35,166
high-ranking Nazi
and German government officials
317
00:24:35,333 --> 00:24:37,625
initiated what they called
318
00:24:37,791 --> 00:24:41,125
the "final solution
of the Jewish question."
319
00:24:46,083 --> 00:24:47,875
[sombre music]
320
00:24:52,666 --> 00:24:55,916
[Michael] What makes the Shoah
distinct from other genocides
321
00:24:56,125 --> 00:24:57,541
is, number one,
322
00:24:57,708 --> 00:25:00,166
the perpetrator
is the most advanced society
323
00:25:00,375 --> 00:25:02,583
in Western civilization,
324
00:25:03,416 --> 00:25:06,458
who uses all of the tools
of that civilization
325
00:25:06,625 --> 00:25:08,125
in order to destroy.
326
00:25:08,833 --> 00:25:11,000
Secondly, Germany kept records.
327
00:25:12,291 --> 00:25:16,375
So it's the most documented
genocide in history.
328
00:25:17,291 --> 00:25:20,833
Thirdly, only Germany
had the idea
329
00:25:21,000 --> 00:25:24,583
"We're going to eliminate
the Jews everywhere."
330
00:25:25,916 --> 00:25:27,750
It involved 22 countries.
331
00:25:28,625 --> 00:25:30,083
It evolved over 12 years,
332
00:25:30,250 --> 00:25:32,666
in which the killing
took place in four.
333
00:25:32,833 --> 00:25:33,958
Not in anger,
334
00:25:34,125 --> 00:25:37,250
but in a systematic
program of annihilation.
335
00:25:48,500 --> 00:25:51,583
[Helen] It was summertime
when Arianna was arrested.
336
00:25:52,541 --> 00:25:55,833
Just when Anne was rejoicing
for the landing in Normandy,
337
00:25:56,000 --> 00:25:58,791
and the coup of a group
of German soldiers
338
00:25:58,958 --> 00:26:00,041
against Hitler.
339
00:26:01,583 --> 00:26:04,625
Anne was optimistic,
and believed that by October
340
00:26:04,791 --> 00:26:07,416
she would be sitting
at her school desk again.
341
00:26:07,833 --> 00:26:10,333
She felt her freedom
was approaching.
342
00:26:10,958 --> 00:26:14,041
Instead, Arianna,
who had already lost hers,
343
00:26:14,208 --> 00:26:16,750
found herself
face to face with Irma,
344
00:26:16,916 --> 00:26:19,041
that same good-looking woman
345
00:26:19,291 --> 00:26:21,416
who was wearing
a spotless uniform
346
00:26:21,583 --> 00:26:23,833
and was holding
a gun in her hand.
347
00:26:24,083 --> 00:26:26,750
Arianna was only 11 years old.
348
00:26:27,250 --> 00:26:29,916
[in Italian]
I sort of ran for a short distance
349
00:26:30,083 --> 00:26:33,916
and then, almost in front of my block,
I slowed down,
350
00:26:34,083 --> 00:26:37,208
because I saw coming towards me
351
00:26:37,375 --> 00:26:40,791
three or four well-dressed Nazis.
352
00:26:41,583 --> 00:26:43,958
Irma Grese was behind me.
353
00:26:44,500 --> 00:26:47,000
And they were all in love with her.
354
00:26:48,708 --> 00:26:52,500
Like children do, I suddenly turned
around, just because I was curious,
355
00:26:53,000 --> 00:26:56,625
and Irma Grese had a gun pointed at me.
356
00:26:56,791 --> 00:27:01,083
That was the only time
I realized I could die.
357
00:27:01,666 --> 00:27:03,375
[church bells]
358
00:27:24,833 --> 00:27:27,625
If you are not alone,
it's often easier to survive.
359
00:27:28,833 --> 00:27:31,291
If you have a sister close
to you who can help you.
360
00:27:31,833 --> 00:27:35,583
A mother ready to swap her own
life with a ladleful of soup.
361
00:27:36,041 --> 00:27:39,125
A friend who teaches you
how to steal a piece of bread
362
00:27:39,291 --> 00:27:41,541
from the pocket
of somebody who's dying.
363
00:27:42,875 --> 00:27:45,250
In the camp, this was no sin.
364
00:27:45,708 --> 00:27:48,416
In the camp,
one needed to grow up quickly,
365
00:27:48,666 --> 00:27:53,125
to learn discipline, to survive
by being selfish and brutal.
366
00:27:54,583 --> 00:27:57,458
Yet often you would survive
by mere chance.
367
00:28:08,500 --> 00:28:11,541
I remember that this one person came,
368
00:28:11,708 --> 00:28:13,333
he might have been Mengele,
369
00:28:13,583 --> 00:28:17,250
and asked us if we wanted to go see mum.
370
00:28:18,625 --> 00:28:20,000
[Helen] Joseph Mengele,
371
00:28:20,291 --> 00:28:23,208
nicknamed Doctor Death
in Auschwitz,
372
00:28:23,375 --> 00:28:26,625
was in charge of the children,
373
00:28:27,083 --> 00:28:29,958
mostly experimenting on twins.
374
00:28:30,250 --> 00:28:34,208
Andra and Tatiana
were four and six years old,
375
00:28:34,416 --> 00:28:37,416
and one day they were
lined up outside a barrack.
376
00:28:37,583 --> 00:28:40,791
They were sisters,
but they had been mistaken for twins.
377
00:28:41,333 --> 00:28:43,333
That is why
they were still alive.
378
00:28:43,583 --> 00:28:47,791
Their cousin, Sergio, was also
standing in the same queue.
379
00:28:48,041 --> 00:28:50,291
[in Italian]
[Andra] A hack doctor from Neuengamme
380
00:28:50,458 --> 00:28:51,875
who had carried out some experiments
381
00:28:52,041 --> 00:28:55,916
on tuberculosis
and lymph glands on some adults
382
00:28:56,083 --> 00:29:01,333
thought to experiment on children too,
383
00:29:01,791 --> 00:29:04,166
and asked Mengele for these children.
384
00:29:10,000 --> 00:29:12,791
[Helen] One of the guardians
who had become attached to them
385
00:29:13,083 --> 00:29:14,000
had warned them.
386
00:29:14,541 --> 00:29:16,333
"When they tell you
to take a step forward,
387
00:29:16,500 --> 00:29:19,250
if you want to see your mum,
don't do it!"
388
00:29:20,000 --> 00:29:21,875
[Andra] [in Italian] We warned Sergio
not to step forward,
389
00:29:22,041 --> 00:29:23,166
but he did not listen to us.
390
00:29:23,333 --> 00:29:25,291
And 20 children,
391
00:29:25,458 --> 00:29:29,583
ten males and ten females
stepped forward.
392
00:29:31,166 --> 00:29:33,875
[Tatiana] [in Italian] To think
that he left believing that he was going
393
00:29:34,041 --> 00:29:35,333
to meet his mum,
394
00:29:35,500 --> 00:29:40,416
and instead, walked to his death
on his seventh birthday,
395
00:29:40,833 --> 00:29:43,000
still feels like such
396
00:29:43,416 --> 00:29:46,708
a burden on my heart.
It's indescribable.
397
00:29:50,708 --> 00:29:52,208
[Michael] Why the Jews?
398
00:29:52,375 --> 00:29:55,666
Hitler was trying
to create the master race,
399
00:29:56,750 --> 00:29:58,291
and he believed, essentially,
400
00:29:58,458 --> 00:30:01,166
in the world
in which the powerful rule,
401
00:30:02,000 --> 00:30:04,916
and if they do not rule,
they are weakened.
402
00:30:08,083 --> 00:30:10,416
[Helen] For months, Otto Frank
had been preparing
403
00:30:10,583 --> 00:30:11,583
a hiding place
404
00:30:11,750 --> 00:30:14,583
in the back of his pectin
and spices factory.
405
00:30:14,833 --> 00:30:18,083
[man] Otto Frank tried
several times to get a visa
406
00:30:18,291 --> 00:30:21,458
for the family and himself
to leave the Netherlands,
407
00:30:22,125 --> 00:30:24,708
for example, for the U.S.,
but it never worked out.
408
00:30:25,333 --> 00:30:29,875
So on July 5th, 1942,
409
00:30:30,041 --> 00:30:31,416
Margot got a call
410
00:30:31,666 --> 00:30:34,833
to go to the work camp
in Germany.
411
00:30:35,125 --> 00:30:38,250
If you don't go
within two, three days
412
00:30:38,416 --> 00:30:40,541
to the police station
to present yourself,
413
00:30:40,750 --> 00:30:41,833
they would pick you up.
414
00:30:43,958 --> 00:30:47,458
[Helen] Anne and her parents
run without suitcases.
415
00:30:48,666 --> 00:30:50,458
They were wearing
a yellow star on their chests,
416
00:30:51,208 --> 00:30:53,000
their stigma of infamy.
417
00:30:53,708 --> 00:30:55,250
[man] On the one hand,
418
00:30:55,458 --> 00:30:57,208
we have an embarrassing figure
419
00:30:57,416 --> 00:31:01,208
of 75% of the Jewish population
of the Netherlands
420
00:31:01,375 --> 00:31:02,875
that was deported and killed.
421
00:31:03,083 --> 00:31:06,791
By far the highest percentage
of any Western European country.
422
00:31:08,958 --> 00:31:11,125
But we're also
the country and the city
423
00:31:11,291 --> 00:31:13,833
where public transport
424
00:31:14,000 --> 00:31:16,500
and striking in February 1941,
425
00:31:16,791 --> 00:31:17,958
because what was done
426
00:31:18,125 --> 00:31:19,833
to the Jewish population
of Amsterdam.
427
00:31:22,750 --> 00:31:24,666
One single example
428
00:31:25,708 --> 00:31:27,541
you could find
nowhere in Europe,
429
00:31:27,833 --> 00:31:29,916
as a sign of resistance
430
00:31:30,083 --> 00:31:34,250
from incredibly brave,
ordinary people.
431
00:31:36,875 --> 00:31:38,375
[Helen] Once the Nazis decided
432
00:31:38,541 --> 00:31:40,666
to physically eliminate the Jews,
433
00:31:40,958 --> 00:31:42,333
they designed camps
434
00:31:42,500 --> 00:31:44,583
exclusively built
for extermination
435
00:31:45,291 --> 00:31:49,041
for all those living
in Eastern European ghettos.
436
00:31:50,000 --> 00:31:52,000
[Marcello] [in Italian] Jews
in Western Europe were faced
437
00:31:52,208 --> 00:31:53,458
with a different situation.
438
00:31:53,625 --> 00:31:57,875
Here, there are too few Jews
to set up ghettos, like in the East.
439
00:31:58,125 --> 00:32:02,166
Therefore, the Nazis work out
a different strategy.
440
00:32:02,416 --> 00:32:07,375
They organize raids
based on the cooperation of local people.
441
00:32:07,625 --> 00:32:11,750
At this point, they built transit camps.
442
00:32:11,916 --> 00:32:16,541
The final destination is just one camp.
443
00:32:16,750 --> 00:32:20,541
A place created to kill the Jews
444
00:32:20,708 --> 00:32:24,791
and have a small minority of them work,
445
00:32:25,125 --> 00:32:29,916
as if to grant them an extension
to just delay their death.
446
00:32:30,625 --> 00:32:34,541
The only other people
who occasionally are mixed with them
447
00:32:34,750 --> 00:32:36,458
are the Sinti and Roma.
448
00:32:38,166 --> 00:32:39,916
[train horn]
449
00:32:43,333 --> 00:32:45,458
[geese honking]
450
00:32:50,500 --> 00:32:53,291
[Helen]
Outside, Europe is burning.
451
00:32:53,875 --> 00:32:56,666
But news of starvation,
war and raids
452
00:32:56,875 --> 00:32:58,958
reach the people in the house,
453
00:32:59,125 --> 00:33:02,500
who are living
a slow-paced and muffled life.
454
00:33:06,166 --> 00:33:09,208
Anne tells Kitty how she
manages to kill off boredom,
455
00:33:09,375 --> 00:33:10,875
endless hours,
456
00:33:11,083 --> 00:33:12,958
and having to live
together with the others,
457
00:33:13,125 --> 00:33:15,458
as well as her little
jealousies with her sister
458
00:33:15,625 --> 00:33:17,541
and her rows with her mum.
459
00:33:19,291 --> 00:33:22,208
Monday, September 28th, 1942.
460
00:33:22,916 --> 00:33:23,916
"Dearest Kitty,
461
00:33:24,791 --> 00:33:29,583
they criticize everything,
and I mean everything, about me.
462
00:33:29,875 --> 00:33:34,000
My behaviour, my personality,
my manners, every inch of me,
463
00:33:34,166 --> 00:33:35,666
from head to toe and back again,
464
00:33:36,375 --> 00:33:38,833
is the subject
of gossip and debate."
465
00:33:40,041 --> 00:33:41,416
It is said that to grow up,
466
00:33:41,583 --> 00:33:43,208
one must kill
one's father and mother.
467
00:33:44,541 --> 00:33:47,541
Anne does it,
like all her peers do.
468
00:33:48,583 --> 00:33:52,125
She rebels, she refuses
and she criticizes.
469
00:33:52,541 --> 00:33:55,000
She is also sweet, ironic,
and funny.
470
00:33:55,708 --> 00:33:59,000
[woman] [in French] She is
a very smart teenager, a very lively girl,
471
00:33:59,166 --> 00:34:00,333
curious about the world,
472
00:34:00,500 --> 00:34:06,083
full of ambition, feelings, love,
full of imagination.
473
00:34:06,250 --> 00:34:09,958
The situation of confinement,
in which she finds herself,
474
00:34:10,125 --> 00:34:14,083
develops her intelligence
and ability to think.
475
00:34:14,916 --> 00:34:16,458
[Helen]
She glows with happiness
476
00:34:16,625 --> 00:34:19,250
for a pair of red shoes
that she got from Miep,
477
00:34:19,416 --> 00:34:22,625
one of the four employees
who works for her father, Otto,
478
00:34:22,833 --> 00:34:25,583
and helped the people
in the hideout to survive.
479
00:34:25,750 --> 00:34:29,416
It is Miep who will save
and preserve the girl's diary
480
00:34:29,583 --> 00:34:30,875
after her arrest.
481
00:34:31,666 --> 00:34:36,500
Anne studies, reads voraciously,
and her mood often changes.
482
00:34:37,708 --> 00:34:40,375
One moment she is being
ironical about the bruises
483
00:34:40,541 --> 00:34:43,625
on the foreheads of the members
of her family who can't get used
484
00:34:43,791 --> 00:34:46,250
to the size
of their revolving door,
485
00:34:47,416 --> 00:34:48,708
while the next minute,
486
00:34:48,875 --> 00:34:51,666
she gets desperate
for the future of her people.
487
00:34:52,708 --> 00:34:56,875
[Yves] I see her
through the words of her text.
488
00:34:57,583 --> 00:35:03,041
In some parts, she is a young,
funny girl to me,
489
00:35:03,625 --> 00:35:06,333
in some parts of the text,
she is a girl
490
00:35:06,791 --> 00:35:10,291
which I would never
have had as a friend in class.
491
00:35:10,458 --> 00:35:13,833
In some parts, I'm impressed
how she is describing
492
00:35:14,500 --> 00:35:18,750
her environment,
but also the political situation
493
00:35:18,916 --> 00:35:23,250
and she has an understanding
of what's going on in society.
494
00:35:23,416 --> 00:35:27,583
So this view
from the hiding place,
495
00:35:27,750 --> 00:35:31,500
from the Annex, into the world,
I am quite impressed.
496
00:35:34,833 --> 00:35:38,000
[Helen]
Friday, October the 9th, 1942.
497
00:35:39,583 --> 00:35:40,791
"Dearest Kitty,
498
00:35:41,875 --> 00:35:44,291
Our many Jewish friends
and acquaintances
499
00:35:44,583 --> 00:35:46,833
are being taken away in droves.
500
00:35:49,000 --> 00:35:51,500
The Gestapo is treating
them very roughly
501
00:35:52,125 --> 00:35:55,625
and transporting them
in cattle cars to Westerbork.
502
00:35:56,458 --> 00:35:58,708
The people are given
almost nothing to eat,
503
00:35:58,875 --> 00:35:59,750
much less to drink,
504
00:36:00,125 --> 00:36:02,541
as water is available
only one hour a day,
505
00:36:03,458 --> 00:36:05,750
and there's only
one toilet and sink
506
00:36:05,916 --> 00:36:08,041
for several thousand people.
507
00:36:09,333 --> 00:36:11,416
If it's that bad in Holland,
508
00:36:11,583 --> 00:36:15,041
what must it be like in those
faraway and uncivilized places
509
00:36:15,208 --> 00:36:17,416
where the Germans
are sending them?
510
00:36:18,916 --> 00:36:21,916
We must assume that most
of them are being murdered.
511
00:36:23,500 --> 00:36:26,500
The English radio says
they are being gassed.
512
00:36:27,875 --> 00:36:30,208
Perhaps that's
the quickest way to die.
513
00:36:31,333 --> 00:36:33,083
I feel terrible."
514
00:36:33,500 --> 00:36:35,458
[train screeches]
515
00:36:38,583 --> 00:36:41,833
Anne and her family
will leave Westerbork
516
00:36:42,250 --> 00:36:44,708
on the last convoy
going to Auschwitz
517
00:36:44,875 --> 00:36:47,750
on September the 3rd, 1944.
518
00:36:56,583 --> 00:36:58,500
[melancholy music]
519
00:37:35,958 --> 00:37:38,750
[Andra] [in Italian] I remember that
we used to play with snowballs.
520
00:37:38,916 --> 00:37:41,958
But we were always surrounded by death.
521
00:37:42,125 --> 00:37:46,333
Because in the camp,
among the barracks
522
00:37:46,583 --> 00:37:50,375
there were heaps of corpses.
523
00:37:50,541 --> 00:37:53,375
To see these corpses
524
00:37:53,583 --> 00:37:57,500
that they tried to push inside
this barrack
525
00:37:57,833 --> 00:38:01,333
had become normal to us.
526
00:38:16,833 --> 00:38:22,000
JEW
527
00:38:31,833 --> 00:38:34,125
[Helen] When the police
knocked on Helga's door
528
00:38:34,291 --> 00:38:36,791
it was December the 4th, 1941.
529
00:38:38,041 --> 00:38:41,625
Outside,
the Moldova ran silently.
530
00:38:42,375 --> 00:38:43,666
It was already dark.
531
00:38:45,916 --> 00:38:47,125
For the Jews in Prague,
532
00:38:47,333 --> 00:38:49,541
the curfew began
a few hours before.
533
00:38:50,541 --> 00:38:53,125
Yet in her home,
there was great turmoil.
534
00:38:53,291 --> 00:38:55,166
People were getting
ready to leave.
535
00:38:55,666 --> 00:38:58,250
Transport orders
always came at night.
536
00:38:59,750 --> 00:39:01,750
Helga was 12, like Anne.
537
00:39:02,875 --> 00:39:05,416
Both were victims
of the racial laws.
538
00:39:05,750 --> 00:39:07,875
They had already been expelled
from school,
539
00:39:08,041 --> 00:39:11,291
and Anne had to leave
her Montessori institute.
540
00:39:11,500 --> 00:39:14,666
[Helga] [in Czech] I did my first
drawing in Terezín
541
00:39:15,208 --> 00:39:18,250
of children making a snowman.
542
00:39:18,916 --> 00:39:22,500
Of course, it was very far
from being the real thing,
543
00:39:22,666 --> 00:39:25,958
because in Terezín we couldn't do this.
544
00:39:26,208 --> 00:39:30,125
It was, rather, a memory of my childhood.
545
00:39:30,291 --> 00:39:36,625
In one way or another,
I was able to give it secretly
546
00:39:37,166 --> 00:39:40,166
to my dad, and he said to me,
"Draw what you see."
547
00:39:40,375 --> 00:39:43,541
So I started to draw
my daily life in Terezín.
548
00:39:44,208 --> 00:39:51,083
And so this snowman
was my first drawing in Terezín,
549
00:39:51,291 --> 00:39:55,416
but also the last drawing of mine
as a little girl.
550
00:40:22,916 --> 00:40:24,791
[Arianna] [in Italian] They had us play
round and round.
551
00:40:24,958 --> 00:40:28,500
We had to sing this song,
in German...
552
00:40:28,666 --> 00:40:31,541
[speaking in German]
553
00:40:31,750 --> 00:40:34,500
"Show your feet,
show your shoes."
554
00:40:34,666 --> 00:40:36,791
My feet were already aching,
555
00:40:36,958 --> 00:40:40,041
and I didn't have shoes.
I had only one with no sole.
556
00:40:40,541 --> 00:40:44,916
And it bothered me to sing in German
and do a merry-go-round.
557
00:40:45,125 --> 00:40:47,666
Also because my mother
was standing outside,
558
00:40:48,666 --> 00:40:50,500
maybe waiting for her meal.
559
00:40:50,875 --> 00:40:53,750
The kapo whipped me so much,
560
00:40:54,083 --> 00:40:57,875
because she kept yelling at me,
"Sing, sing and turn around."
561
00:40:58,541 --> 00:41:02,708
I had bruises all over my legs,
because those witches
562
00:41:02,875 --> 00:41:04,541
had rubber lashes
563
00:41:05,250 --> 00:41:06,958
with an iron wire inside.
564
00:41:07,125 --> 00:41:09,791
I would have loved to play,
565
00:41:11,791 --> 00:41:13,291
but not in that camp.
566
00:41:14,000 --> 00:41:16,375
[in French]
[Sarah] We used to play with lice.
567
00:41:18,125 --> 00:41:24,000
I feel like scratching my head
when I think about it.
568
00:41:24,416 --> 00:41:28,375
There were maybe five or six of us.
Each of us took her lice,
569
00:41:28,625 --> 00:41:33,000
we put them five centimetres
from the hem of a dress.
570
00:41:33,208 --> 00:41:36,250
The one which reached the hem
was the winner.
571
00:41:36,625 --> 00:41:39,500
There was nothing to win,
but it was a game.
572
00:41:40,500 --> 00:41:43,166
Thursday,
November the 19th, 1942.
573
00:41:44,958 --> 00:41:46,416
"Dearest Kitty,
574
00:41:47,750 --> 00:41:50,208
It's like the slave hunts
of the olden days.
575
00:41:51,458 --> 00:41:52,750
I don't mean
to make light of this,
576
00:41:52,958 --> 00:41:54,833
it's much too tragic for that.
577
00:41:57,916 --> 00:42:00,041
In the evenings when it's dark,
578
00:42:00,291 --> 00:42:05,166
I often see long lines
of good, innocent people,
579
00:42:05,666 --> 00:42:08,166
accompanied by crying children,
580
00:42:08,375 --> 00:42:10,333
walking on and on,
581
00:42:11,000 --> 00:42:14,416
ordered about by a handful
of men who bully and beat them
582
00:42:14,625 --> 00:42:15,958
until they nearly drop.
583
00:42:17,791 --> 00:42:19,208
No one is spared."
584
00:42:19,958 --> 00:42:23,833
I think the moral perspective,
585
00:42:24,041 --> 00:42:27,875
and the moral lesson
from this history
586
00:42:28,916 --> 00:42:30,458
is very much about those moments
587
00:42:30,625 --> 00:42:32,833
when you see
people making choices,
588
00:42:33,041 --> 00:42:35,375
making the choice to help,
589
00:42:35,958 --> 00:42:39,041
making the choice
to collaborate, to perpetrate,
590
00:42:40,083 --> 00:42:42,125
but most people
didn't make any choice at all.
591
00:42:42,291 --> 00:42:44,041
[stirring orchestral music]
592
00:42:49,708 --> 00:42:51,708
[radio announcement in Dutch]
593
00:42:54,833 --> 00:42:56,791
[Helen]
At night, the house guests
594
00:42:56,958 --> 00:42:59,125
used to listen to Radio Orange,
595
00:42:59,291 --> 00:43:01,125
the BBC's radio broadcast
596
00:43:01,291 --> 00:43:03,791
from the exiled
Dutch Government.
597
00:43:07,583 --> 00:43:09,041
Holding their breath,
598
00:43:09,250 --> 00:43:11,750
they followed the progress
after the landing in Normandy.
599
00:43:11,916 --> 00:43:14,125
And Otto hung a map on the wall
600
00:43:14,291 --> 00:43:16,500
where every victory
is marked with a pin.
601
00:43:17,833 --> 00:43:20,750
Next to it,
there are the signs of life.
602
00:43:20,958 --> 00:43:23,166
The marks his daughters' height.
603
00:43:23,833 --> 00:43:26,708
Thirteen centimetres
in two years for Anne,
604
00:43:27,125 --> 00:43:29,291
one centimetre for Margot.
605
00:43:30,625 --> 00:43:34,208
[in Italian] I began to find ways
of building barriers
606
00:43:34,375 --> 00:43:36,166
to shield me through art.
607
00:43:36,333 --> 00:43:39,791
Adorno said that after Auschwitz
poetry can no longer exist.
608
00:43:39,958 --> 00:43:43,333
Actually, I believe that
it is perhaps the opposite.
609
00:43:43,500 --> 00:43:46,125
What that creation
of beauty, art, music,
610
00:43:46,791 --> 00:43:48,333
gives to human beings
611
00:43:48,500 --> 00:43:54,458
is the only answer to the horror
that is human history.
612
00:43:54,625 --> 00:43:56,541
[lively melody]
613
00:44:13,750 --> 00:44:14,958
[in French]
[Nathalie] We, who have been in charge
614
00:44:15,125 --> 00:44:17,958
of survivors and their families
for the last 30 years,
615
00:44:18,125 --> 00:44:20,625
have seen an element
616
00:44:21,083 --> 00:44:24,875
which can also be seen
in the fourth generation.
617
00:44:25,041 --> 00:44:26,750
What is it?
618
00:44:27,458 --> 00:44:29,791
It's the dead from the Shoah.
619
00:44:29,958 --> 00:44:33,083
The dead of Shoah ask for revenge.
620
00:44:33,625 --> 00:44:36,250
It is a burden for their descendants.
621
00:44:36,416 --> 00:44:38,833
It is a mission.
The dead of the Shoah say,
622
00:44:39,000 --> 00:44:42,000
"Avenge us even though
we are dead.
623
00:44:42,583 --> 00:44:46,250
Say I am the son or daughter
of such and such, Jewish,
624
00:44:46,416 --> 00:44:49,958
destroy what the Nazis did to us,
625
00:44:50,125 --> 00:44:51,666
say Kaddish for us."
626
00:44:52,916 --> 00:44:54,875
[man sings the Kaddish]
627
00:45:20,083 --> 00:45:21,416
[Helen] The Mourner's Kaddish
628
00:45:21,583 --> 00:45:24,083
is one of the oldest
Jewish prayers.
629
00:45:25,125 --> 00:45:28,416
These are the words that
accompany every Jew who dies.
630
00:45:29,291 --> 00:45:31,958
Yet in the concentration camp,
631
00:45:33,333 --> 00:45:34,833
the words of mourning,
632
00:45:35,166 --> 00:45:38,083
also for those
who no longer believed in God,
633
00:45:38,250 --> 00:45:39,958
became meaningless.
634
00:45:43,083 --> 00:45:44,666
[singing ends]
635
00:45:46,958 --> 00:45:49,125
[Helen] Now their graves
are these walls
636
00:45:49,291 --> 00:45:50,958
with their names on,
637
00:45:51,333 --> 00:45:54,875
repainted with a care
not to let them fade away.
638
00:45:58,166 --> 00:45:59,916
In all Shoah memorials,
639
00:46:00,125 --> 00:46:02,083
people come to fill in a gap,
640
00:46:02,875 --> 00:46:04,625
and to find their legacy.
641
00:46:08,250 --> 00:46:10,500
[man singing in Hebrew]
642
00:46:15,666 --> 00:46:17,916
[in French]
[man] My grandfather died in the camp.
643
00:46:18,083 --> 00:46:20,125
My father was deported.
644
00:46:20,416 --> 00:46:23,708
I believe that this trauma
can be passed on, definitely.
645
00:46:23,875 --> 00:46:26,583
I passed it on to my daughters.
646
00:46:26,750 --> 00:46:30,708
Although I believe that probably
more than a trauma,
647
00:46:32,416 --> 00:46:34,625
I have passed on a story,
a legacy and a responsibility,
648
00:46:35,583 --> 00:46:38,375
I created a magazine online.
649
00:46:38,541 --> 00:46:41,375
It's called Jewpop,
and to my surprise,
650
00:46:41,541 --> 00:46:45,625
the most read stories
are about Shoah.
651
00:46:55,916 --> 00:46:58,875
[soft violin and piano music]
652
00:47:52,958 --> 00:47:55,583
[Helen]
Fanny is four years old in 1942,
653
00:47:55,750 --> 00:47:59,541
when her mother found
a nanny for her in Sucy-en-Brie,
654
00:47:59,875 --> 00:48:01,166
close to Grenoble.
655
00:48:02,083 --> 00:48:05,416
She was there, hidden
to escape the persecution.
656
00:48:07,291 --> 00:48:08,791
Now she lives in Israel,
657
00:48:09,000 --> 00:48:11,791
and she came to Paris
to the Memorial of the Shoah
658
00:48:11,958 --> 00:48:15,750
accompanied by three
of her ten grandchildren.
659
00:48:16,083 --> 00:48:18,250
[in French]
[Fanny] I am a hidden girl,
660
00:48:19,083 --> 00:48:21,333
a bearer of remembrance
661
00:48:21,833 --> 00:48:26,500
of my grandfather who died from starvation
in the Łódź Ghetto,
662
00:48:27,375 --> 00:48:33,083
of my father deported on board
of Convoy number four and who returned,
663
00:48:33,583 --> 00:48:38,625
of my husband's father
who was savagely murdered
664
00:48:38,791 --> 00:48:42,833
and drowned
by the kapos in Auschwitz.
665
00:48:46,583 --> 00:48:51,166
When I speak about the Shoah,
I may even make children laugh.
666
00:48:51,708 --> 00:48:52,916
"Madame," they tell me,
667
00:48:53,041 --> 00:48:56,458
"you are telling us about the Shoah,
and yet we are not frightened."
668
00:48:56,583 --> 00:48:58,458
I am not doing
it to frighten you.
669
00:48:58,583 --> 00:49:03,583
I am telling you all this,
because you too can tell others
670
00:49:04,750 --> 00:49:08,041
that this is no fiction,
there is no legend here,
671
00:49:08,250 --> 00:49:09,916
it is the truth.
672
00:49:10,083 --> 00:49:11,791
We saw the
pictures on the walls,
673
00:49:12,000 --> 00:49:13,625
and saw all
of these people died,
674
00:49:13,791 --> 00:49:15,416
and they were in your family,
675
00:49:15,583 --> 00:49:18,125
but we did not know
how this is part of us.
676
00:49:18,291 --> 00:49:20,708
And I think it was only
when I moved away from it,
677
00:49:20,875 --> 00:49:22,708
literally,
to a different country,
678
00:49:22,875 --> 00:49:25,875
and I grow up
and I had a family on my own
679
00:49:26,083 --> 00:49:27,750
that we started
to find language,
680
00:49:27,916 --> 00:49:30,458
and we started to actually
just talk to each other.
681
00:49:30,625 --> 00:49:34,083
And then these stories
felt real for the first time,
682
00:49:34,333 --> 00:49:36,125
and they weren't
so overwhelming,
683
00:49:36,291 --> 00:49:38,291
because it wasn't
this six million,
684
00:49:38,500 --> 00:49:43,458
it was my grandmother,
and her father and his sister.
685
00:49:43,625 --> 00:49:45,000
They were real people.
686
00:49:45,166 --> 00:49:48,791
It was a lot to take in,
as a young child.
687
00:49:49,333 --> 00:49:51,791
And now that I am 30,
688
00:49:52,333 --> 00:49:55,333
I'm able to decide for myself
689
00:49:55,500 --> 00:49:59,083
how I would like
to actively take part
690
00:49:59,250 --> 00:50:00,875
in the remembrance of this.
691
00:50:01,041 --> 00:50:04,833
And this seemed like
a great step to come with her
692
00:50:05,000 --> 00:50:07,083
and to see and to be with her.
693
00:50:10,333 --> 00:50:12,833
She doesn't
take things for granted,
694
00:50:13,000 --> 00:50:15,250
and that's what we
have learned from her.
695
00:50:15,416 --> 00:50:18,375
[in French]
With Omer, who was a soldier,
696
00:50:18,541 --> 00:50:22,375
we entered in Auschwitz
carrying the Israeli flag
697
00:50:23,250 --> 00:50:28,833
and we left Auschwitz
carrying the Israeli flag.
698
00:50:35,083 --> 00:50:37,916
[Helen] For many years,
the survivors have been silent.
699
00:50:38,875 --> 00:50:43,041
Trauma, shame, the fear
have not to being believed.
700
00:50:54,333 --> 00:50:56,708
[Alain] [in French] I believe that
there is nothing more terrible
701
00:50:57,000 --> 00:51:00,583
than wanting to tell something
like the survivors went through
702
00:51:00,750 --> 00:51:02,166
and have someone
who says to you,
703
00:51:02,333 --> 00:51:06,291
"Okay, but you are not
the only one who suffered."
704
00:51:10,208 --> 00:51:13,125
[Nathalie] [in French] There are people
who are 70 years old
705
00:51:13,291 --> 00:51:17,708
who have decided to participate
in our meetings only today.
706
00:51:18,875 --> 00:51:24,041
They say, "At last,
I emerge from anonymity
707
00:51:24,208 --> 00:51:27,083
and I become Jewish once again."
708
00:51:27,250 --> 00:51:29,958
My children were raised Catholic,
my husband is Catholic,
709
00:51:30,125 --> 00:51:32,666
but now we don't need
to hide anymore.
710
00:51:32,833 --> 00:51:37,375
I need to meet other Jews
and to say I'm Jewish.
711
00:51:38,500 --> 00:51:41,791
[Helen] Monday evening,
November the 8th, 1943.
712
00:51:42,958 --> 00:51:44,333
"Dearest Kitty,
713
00:51:45,125 --> 00:51:47,666
I see the eight
of us in the Annex
714
00:51:48,000 --> 00:51:50,291
as if we were
a patch of blue sky
715
00:51:50,750 --> 00:51:53,166
surrounded
by menacing black clouds.
716
00:51:54,833 --> 00:51:57,583
The perfectly round spot
which we're standing on
717
00:51:57,750 --> 00:51:59,166
is still safe,
718
00:51:59,833 --> 00:52:01,916
but the clouds
are moving in on us,
719
00:52:02,625 --> 00:52:05,541
and the ring between us
and the approaching danger
720
00:52:05,708 --> 00:52:08,791
is being pulled
tighter and tighter.
721
00:52:11,083 --> 00:52:13,958
We're surrounded
by darkness and danger,
722
00:52:16,291 --> 00:52:19,083
and in our desperate
search for a way out,
723
00:52:19,291 --> 00:52:21,708
we keep bumping into each other.
724
00:52:22,708 --> 00:52:24,541
We look
at the fighting down below
725
00:52:24,708 --> 00:52:26,875
and the peace
and beauty up above.
726
00:52:27,833 --> 00:52:29,833
In the meantime,
we've been cut off
727
00:52:30,000 --> 00:52:31,833
by the dark mass of clouds,
728
00:52:32,000 --> 00:52:34,166
that we can go
neither up nor down.
729
00:52:35,083 --> 00:52:38,416
It looms before us
like an impenetrable wall,
730
00:52:38,666 --> 00:52:41,833
trying to crush us,
but not yet able to.
731
00:52:44,250 --> 00:52:50,083
I can only cry out and implore,
'Oh, ring, ring, open wide
732
00:52:50,291 --> 00:52:51,791
and let us out!'"
733
00:52:53,333 --> 00:52:55,083
[gulls calling]
734
00:53:36,875 --> 00:53:38,166
[Helen] After the war,
735
00:53:38,333 --> 00:53:40,750
the Holocaust
remained in the background,
736
00:53:40,916 --> 00:53:44,000
as if it were one
of the many crimes by the Nazis.
737
00:53:54,000 --> 00:53:56,083
It was only during
Adolf Eichmann's trial
738
00:53:56,250 --> 00:54:00,500
that began on April the 11th, 1961,
in Jerusalem,
739
00:54:01,000 --> 00:54:03,000
that silence was broken.
740
00:54:03,666 --> 00:54:05,666
Not only standing
before the jury
741
00:54:05,833 --> 00:54:08,416
was one of the leading
people who was responsible
742
00:54:08,583 --> 00:54:10,666
for what had happened
during the deportations
743
00:54:10,833 --> 00:54:12,833
and extermination of the Jews,
744
00:54:13,500 --> 00:54:15,458
but this was also the first time
745
00:54:15,666 --> 00:54:18,250
that the story
of a genocide was being told.
746
00:54:21,083 --> 00:54:24,208
It's during the trial that
the victims came to the fore.
747
00:54:24,375 --> 00:54:26,583
[speaking in German]
748
00:54:26,750 --> 00:54:28,208
[sobbing]
749
00:54:29,375 --> 00:54:32,458
[Helen]
The voices of the 111 witnesses,
750
00:54:32,666 --> 00:54:34,708
after 15 years of silence,
751
00:54:35,208 --> 00:54:36,833
day in and day out,
752
00:54:37,666 --> 00:54:40,208
turn into memories
and accusations.
753
00:54:41,500 --> 00:54:43,875
[in Italian]
[Laura] I was born in 1961,
754
00:54:44,041 --> 00:54:46,291
during the Eichmann's trial.
755
00:54:46,500 --> 00:54:49,416
I was born 20 days late.
756
00:54:49,666 --> 00:54:52,750
And many years afterwards,
I came to know that this delay
757
00:54:52,916 --> 00:54:56,625
was due to the fear that my mother
had of bearing children.
758
00:54:56,791 --> 00:54:59,625
Therefore, I sense
that I had always known it.
759
00:55:00,083 --> 00:55:05,958
I remember the stories she told me
when I was just a very, very little girl
760
00:55:06,125 --> 00:55:09,291
I remember weird
answers from Mum,
761
00:55:09,458 --> 00:55:13,458
like when I needed something,
she would typically answer:
762
00:55:13,625 --> 00:55:16,333
"Do as if you were
all alone in the world."
763
00:55:16,500 --> 00:55:20,833
She raised us
with great autonomy.
764
00:55:23,500 --> 00:55:25,958
[Helen] In order
to retrieve her mother's past,
765
00:55:26,375 --> 00:55:28,541
Laura had to take
a distance from it.
766
00:55:28,750 --> 00:55:30,500
She then went to live in Paris,
767
00:55:30,666 --> 00:55:33,750
and took on a psychological
exercise on herself.
768
00:55:33,916 --> 00:55:35,666
She never talked
about it to her kids
769
00:55:36,083 --> 00:55:38,750
and let Arianna do it
when they became teenagers.
770
00:55:39,375 --> 00:55:42,166
[Lorenzo] [in Italian] The tattoo
has to do with identity.
771
00:55:43,125 --> 00:55:46,208
I could not tell whether
this identity may mean
772
00:55:46,375 --> 00:55:49,333
that I missed having
some of my family members
773
00:55:49,625 --> 00:55:51,166
whom I never met.
774
00:55:51,333 --> 00:55:53,666
First I talked about it with grandma,
775
00:55:54,333 --> 00:55:58,083
since she really
was the only one
776
00:55:58,250 --> 00:56:00,250
whose opinion counted for me.
777
00:56:00,416 --> 00:56:04,000
At the beginning
she said "no" right away.
778
00:56:04,166 --> 00:56:07,250
A protective "no."
I think she was afraid
779
00:56:07,416 --> 00:56:12,708
that something
similar could happen,
780
00:56:12,875 --> 00:56:16,833
but now I think
she is rather proud about it.
781
00:56:18,208 --> 00:56:21,583
[in Italian] What hurt me the most
is knowing she was alone on the way back.
782
00:56:22,916 --> 00:56:26,833
The terrible pain
of returning without her family.
783
00:56:27,250 --> 00:56:30,250
Because this is a loneliness
that can't be filled.
784
00:56:30,541 --> 00:56:34,083
It is a loneliness...
and maybe we, her children,
785
00:56:34,250 --> 00:56:36,541
also feel
a little responsible for it.
786
00:56:36,708 --> 00:56:37,583
That's it.
787
00:56:37,750 --> 00:56:40,250
[choked laugh]
I'm getting emotional.
788
00:56:41,958 --> 00:56:45,041
A son or a daughter
is there on the front row.
789
00:56:45,208 --> 00:56:48,041
A baby born from a survivor,
790
00:56:48,208 --> 00:56:52,083
and without a specific job
aimed at clearing up history,
791
00:56:52,250 --> 00:56:56,666
his or her mission is to fill up
what can never be filled.
792
00:56:56,833 --> 00:56:58,708
What can you fill up
after the camps?
793
00:57:06,416 --> 00:57:09,875
I do not believe that she's
ever come out of the camps.
794
00:57:10,083 --> 00:57:13,083
There is a part of her
that remained in the camps.
795
00:57:14,875 --> 00:57:17,916
[Helen] The little blond girl
in the picture is Arianna.
796
00:57:18,083 --> 00:57:19,833
Here she
is photographed during the day
797
00:57:20,000 --> 00:57:22,291
she and her
seven brothers were christened
798
00:57:22,458 --> 00:57:24,791
on May the 5th, 1935.
799
00:57:25,625 --> 00:57:26,666
Her father is Jewish,
800
00:57:26,833 --> 00:57:28,833
while her mother
is Christian Catholic.
801
00:57:29,916 --> 00:57:33,916
For the Nazis, the Szörényis
were a so-called mix.
802
00:57:35,500 --> 00:57:38,708
Yet nine of them
ended up in the camps.
803
00:57:39,833 --> 00:57:42,250
Arianna
and her brother, Alessandro,
804
00:57:42,916 --> 00:57:44,666
survived the extermination.
805
00:57:45,458 --> 00:57:47,666
[in Italian] We were forced
to load the corpses.
806
00:57:47,833 --> 00:57:51,666
Two girls had to hold the arms,
and two girls had to hold the legs
807
00:57:51,833 --> 00:57:54,500
Yet four of us
were not strong enough.
808
00:57:54,666 --> 00:57:58,041
So we had to drag those corpses along.
809
00:58:01,708 --> 00:58:03,625
Until one day,
one of the Nazis realised
810
00:58:03,791 --> 00:58:06,041
that we could not do it and beat us.
811
00:58:06,458 --> 00:58:12,708
He punished us, made us stand for hours
holding a stone in our hand,
812
00:58:13,208 --> 00:58:17,125
just to show that they were stronger,
813
00:58:17,291 --> 00:58:21,166
and we absolutely had
to do what they wanted.
814
00:58:22,708 --> 00:58:25,500
Outside, it is a tragedy for all.
815
00:58:30,708 --> 00:58:33,833
Friday, January the 13th, 1943.
816
00:58:35,708 --> 00:58:38,333
"I could spend hours telling
you about the suffering
817
00:58:38,500 --> 00:58:39,583
war has brought,
818
00:58:39,791 --> 00:58:42,250
but I'd only make
myself more miserable.
819
00:58:44,000 --> 00:58:47,458
All we can do is wait,
as calmly as possible,
820
00:58:47,791 --> 00:58:49,583
for it to end.
821
00:58:50,166 --> 00:58:53,125
Jews and Christians
alike are waiting.
822
00:58:53,750 --> 00:58:56,166
The whole world is waiting,
823
00:58:56,958 --> 00:58:59,250
and many are waiting for death."
824
00:59:08,791 --> 00:59:11,125
[Michael]
When you arrived at Auschwitz,
825
00:59:11,750 --> 00:59:16,625
it was virtually impossible
to make sense of it.
826
00:59:17,375 --> 00:59:20,458
In the words of Primo Levi,
"Here is no why,
827
00:59:21,041 --> 00:59:23,833
and if there is no why,
then you cannot make sense
828
00:59:24,000 --> 00:59:25,125
of what you're seeing."
829
00:59:28,208 --> 00:59:33,500
[in French]
My number is 7142.
830
00:59:34,208 --> 00:59:36,916
[she repeats the number in German]
831
00:59:37,083 --> 00:59:40,958
Once in my grave,
the worms will eat it off me,
832
00:59:41,125 --> 00:59:44,625
but for the time being,
this is my mark,
833
00:59:45,083 --> 00:59:48,333
a mark of life,
and I'll keep it.
834
00:59:50,416 --> 00:59:52,625
[Tatiana] [in Italian] My mother
had a very bright intuition,
835
00:59:52,791 --> 00:59:57,583
which later turned out to be useful
to reunite our family.
836
00:59:57,791 --> 01:00:00,916
She always reminded
us of our name, surname
837
01:00:01,083 --> 01:00:02,500
and that we were from Italy.
838
01:00:03,791 --> 01:00:06,125
Andra and Tatiana
are left alone
839
01:00:06,333 --> 01:00:08,250
immediately after the tattoo.
840
01:00:08,833 --> 01:00:13,166
But sometimes their mother
manages to visit them in secret.
841
01:00:14,166 --> 01:00:17,708
Imprisonment, fatigue,
and daily deprivations
842
01:00:17,916 --> 01:00:20,000
have already transformed her.
843
01:00:23,000 --> 01:00:26,166
[Tatiana] [in Italian] We didn't dare
step closer to her,
844
01:00:26,791 --> 01:00:30,416
because we were
probably frightened.
845
01:00:30,583 --> 01:00:33,875
She wasn't any longer
our beautiful mum.
846
01:00:34,041 --> 01:00:36,083
She was incredibly thin.
847
01:00:36,333 --> 01:00:40,416
The fact that we
didn't want to hug her
848
01:00:40,958 --> 01:00:43,375
came back to my mind
849
01:00:43,750 --> 01:00:50,166
when I found myself
holding my eldest son, Stefano,
850
01:00:50,625 --> 01:00:53,375
and my thought went
to my mum, in those days,
851
01:00:53,541 --> 01:00:56,666
and to how much we must
have made her suffer.
852
01:00:57,875 --> 01:01:00,166
And it's precisely
the thought of her mother
853
01:01:00,541 --> 01:01:02,541
that kept Arianna alive,
854
01:01:02,958 --> 01:01:05,458
who, in Auschwitz,
was separated from her mother
855
01:01:05,625 --> 01:01:07,125
and five sisters.
856
01:01:07,875 --> 01:01:11,250
[Arianna] [in Italian] Sometimes mum
was able to come to visit me
857
01:01:11,416 --> 01:01:14,541
and when one afternoon
I saw her I said to her,
858
01:01:14,708 --> 01:01:17,875
"I want to give you something nice."
859
01:01:18,958 --> 01:01:20,833
And I gave her
a square of butter
860
01:01:21,000 --> 01:01:22,250
and two boiled potatoes.
861
01:01:22,416 --> 01:01:24,791
And then I ran away to cry.
862
01:01:27,541 --> 01:01:30,291
My sister said to me,
"If we see you cry again
863
01:01:30,458 --> 01:01:31,416
through the barbed wire,
864
01:01:31,583 --> 01:01:34,750
I will never take mum
to see you again."
865
01:01:35,666 --> 01:01:39,125
From that moment on I tried
to become stronger and smarter.
866
01:01:39,291 --> 01:01:41,250
I mean, I pretended
not to cry.
867
01:01:41,416 --> 01:01:42,291
[laughs]
868
01:01:42,458 --> 01:01:45,250
But I always kept something
aside for my mum.
869
01:01:53,500 --> 01:01:57,000
[Helen] Two hundred and thirty thousand
children and teenagers
870
01:01:57,208 --> 01:01:59,041
were deported to Auschwitz.
871
01:02:01,666 --> 01:02:03,833
Only 700 were found alive
872
01:02:04,500 --> 01:02:08,750
when the Soviets arrived
on January the 27th, 1945.
873
01:02:13,041 --> 01:02:16,166
Anne's generation
was devastated.
874
01:02:17,833 --> 01:02:19,166
"Dear Kitty,
875
01:02:19,708 --> 01:02:22,416
believe me, if you've been
shut up for a year and a half,
876
01:02:22,583 --> 01:02:25,333
it can get to be
too much for you sometimes.
877
01:02:26,000 --> 01:02:28,416
But feelings can't be ignored,
878
01:02:28,625 --> 01:02:32,000
no matter how unjust
or ungrateful they seem.
879
01:02:33,458 --> 01:02:36,750
Oh, I long to ride a bike,
dance, whistle,
880
01:02:37,000 --> 01:02:39,166
look at the world, feel young,
881
01:02:39,458 --> 01:02:41,708
and know that I'm free."
882
01:02:45,500 --> 01:02:49,958
Anne's optimism and that
of thousands of other teenagers
883
01:02:50,291 --> 01:02:52,458
had continued to fuel
the illusion
884
01:02:52,625 --> 01:02:54,375
of possible freedom.
885
01:02:54,875 --> 01:02:59,083
Girls like her, like Sarah,
in the Drancy camp in France,
886
01:02:59,500 --> 01:03:02,750
wanted to believe
in the future at all costs.
887
01:03:06,500 --> 01:03:08,000
[sombre music]
888
01:03:13,000 --> 01:03:15,916
"Tell Jean that we are
leaving but we shall return,
889
01:03:16,166 --> 01:03:18,500
tell Louis that we do not
know where they are taking us,
890
01:03:18,666 --> 01:03:20,625
but we should see
each other again."
891
01:03:21,250 --> 01:03:25,166
The words of hope flew
from the huge Drancy tenements,
892
01:03:25,875 --> 01:03:27,250
the transit camp,
893
01:03:27,541 --> 01:03:31,875
from which at least 700,000
French Jews went through.
894
01:03:34,500 --> 01:03:38,500
A ticket, a cry for help
that those who were inside
895
01:03:38,750 --> 01:03:41,083
were trying to get
to France and their relatives.
896
01:03:42,458 --> 01:03:46,208
A letter, like the one
still in Sarah's hands,
897
01:03:46,833 --> 01:03:51,125
written by her mother, Marie,
one day before their departure
898
01:03:51,541 --> 01:03:55,000
on the sealed convoy that
will take them to Auschwitz.
899
01:04:04,333 --> 01:04:06,166
[soft piano music]
900
01:04:35,375 --> 01:04:37,791
[man] [in French] All the people
who were confined in Drancy
901
01:04:37,958 --> 01:04:42,583
knew that they were going to be taken
eastward on a convoy,
902
01:04:42,791 --> 01:04:44,000
they didn't know where,
903
01:04:44,166 --> 01:04:47,541
and they started to say,
"We are going to Pitchipoi."
904
01:04:47,708 --> 01:04:50,208
Pitchipoi is a mythical
place, undefinable.
905
01:04:52,875 --> 01:04:54,583
[Helen]
There were 2,000 kilometres
906
01:04:54,750 --> 01:04:56,458
between Drancy and Auschwitz.
907
01:04:57,250 --> 01:05:00,125
This was the death corridor
for the French Jews.
908
01:05:01,375 --> 01:05:03,583
[Simon] [in French] Together with my
friend, photographer Jean Francois Lami,
909
01:05:03,750 --> 01:05:05,875
we wanted to make
the same death journey.
910
01:05:07,000 --> 01:05:10,041
When you approach
Eastern Germany, or Poland,
911
01:05:10,250 --> 01:05:13,291
it seems you
are going back in history.
912
01:05:13,791 --> 01:05:16,208
If we talk about traces
or marks left behind until now,
913
01:05:16,375 --> 01:05:19,333
there are places with graffiti,
with Nazi symbols.
914
01:05:19,500 --> 01:05:21,833
It's really upsetting to still
see the marks of hatred.
915
01:05:22,000 --> 01:05:23,666
We said to ourselves
it wasn't possible
916
01:05:23,833 --> 01:05:25,541
for this form of hatred
to still be there now.
917
01:05:25,708 --> 01:05:30,333
It's not possible for this barbarism
to still exist today.
918
01:05:30,500 --> 01:05:31,958
[emotive music]
919
01:05:43,500 --> 01:05:45,208
[in Czech]
[Helga] We see the Neo-Nazis,
920
01:05:45,375 --> 01:05:49,958
we see attacks,
anti-Semitism, racism,
921
01:05:50,125 --> 01:05:51,791
and all this actually tells me
922
01:05:51,958 --> 01:05:55,625
that nothing was learnt
from what happened.
923
01:05:55,875 --> 01:06:00,375
[man] [in French] With the actual
situation in France I'm afraid.
924
01:06:01,041 --> 01:06:04,875
With certain movements
and rallies,
925
01:06:05,041 --> 01:06:10,583
we are seeing
a very fast rise in racism.
926
01:06:10,750 --> 01:06:15,750
[in French] I say to young people,
"We are the last witnesses
927
01:06:16,083 --> 01:06:19,958
and you are my witnesses,
you must close the door
928
01:06:20,125 --> 01:06:23,000
to deniers and Neo-Nazis,
929
01:06:23,208 --> 01:06:27,166
because there are many
of them everywhere."
930
01:06:27,583 --> 01:06:31,416
[Michael] We have a rise
of anti-Semitism in a climate
931
01:06:32,458 --> 01:06:34,875
that allows
for the expression of hatred.
932
01:06:35,291 --> 01:06:37,541
And now you have
a combination of that,
933
01:06:37,958 --> 01:06:40,583
the internet offers
you a megaphone,
934
01:06:41,583 --> 01:06:45,541
and social media offers you
a community of fellow haters,
935
01:06:46,166 --> 01:06:49,000
and that's a dangerous part
of our phenomenon today.
936
01:06:54,791 --> 01:06:57,458
[Helen] What images remain
of Anne are many photographs
937
01:06:57,708 --> 01:06:59,000
and just one video.
938
01:06:59,583 --> 01:07:02,583
Anne is leaning over the window
of her home in Amsterdam
939
01:07:02,750 --> 01:07:05,041
where the Franks
used to live before hiding.
940
01:07:05,666 --> 01:07:07,625
Beneath her are two newlyweds.
941
01:07:07,791 --> 01:07:10,041
Her neighbour
is getting married.
942
01:07:10,666 --> 01:07:13,708
Someone indoors calls her,
and she turns and smiles.
943
01:07:14,708 --> 01:07:17,583
And then she goes back to watch
what's happening outdoors.
944
01:07:20,125 --> 01:07:23,583
[in French]
Anne Frank, in spite of herself,
945
01:07:23,791 --> 01:07:28,625
has become the icon of the Shoah.
946
01:07:29,541 --> 01:07:32,833
It is true that Anne Frank
is being used by people
947
01:07:33,000 --> 01:07:35,583
who are clearly
anti-Semitic or racist.
948
01:07:35,750 --> 01:07:37,541
We saw that
in some Italian stadiums.
949
01:07:37,708 --> 01:07:40,875
I believe that her
iconic status is behind it.
950
01:07:41,041 --> 01:07:43,583
If you have to hurt
someone, be evil,
951
01:07:43,750 --> 01:07:47,375
you have to find very strong
words, and strong pictures.
952
01:07:47,541 --> 01:07:52,000
And what's more powerful
than Anne Frank's face to say
953
01:07:52,166 --> 01:07:56,541
it's nothing, what happened
never really existed
954
01:07:56,833 --> 01:07:58,375
and this is just a face.
955
01:08:05,791 --> 01:08:08,875
[Helen] A face photographed
dozens of times.
956
01:08:09,583 --> 01:08:13,541
Shots of cosy family moments,
of her father's sweetness.
957
01:08:14,291 --> 01:08:17,458
They stop abruptly
when Anne is almost 13,
958
01:08:17,625 --> 01:08:19,375
when the Franks go underground.
959
01:08:19,583 --> 01:08:23,250
From that moment,
Anne's face disappears.
960
01:08:24,541 --> 01:08:27,541
The words of her diary
remain a powerful legacy.
961
01:08:28,750 --> 01:08:31,375
Wednesday,
February the 23rd, 1944.
962
01:08:31,958 --> 01:08:33,333
"My dearest Kitty,
963
01:08:34,375 --> 01:08:37,291
but I also looked
out of the open window,
964
01:08:37,500 --> 01:08:40,583
letting my eyes roam over
a large part of Amsterdam,
965
01:08:40,833 --> 01:08:43,541
over the rooftops
and onto the horizon,
966
01:08:43,750 --> 01:08:47,250
a strip of blue so pale,
it was almost invisible.
967
01:08:48,125 --> 01:08:50,666
As long as this exists,
I thought,
968
01:08:50,916 --> 01:08:54,041
this sunshine
and this cloudless sky,
969
01:08:54,208 --> 01:08:57,916
and as long as I can enjoy it,
how can I be sad?"
970
01:09:07,000 --> 01:09:10,458
Peter van Pels was 16 years old
when he arrived in the hideout
971
01:09:10,666 --> 01:09:12,500
with his mother and father.
972
01:09:13,458 --> 01:09:15,166
At the beginning, for Anne,
973
01:09:16,041 --> 01:09:19,791
Peter was only a "rather shy
and boring beanpole."
974
01:09:20,916 --> 01:09:23,833
Now, almost two years
have gone by.
975
01:09:24,000 --> 01:09:25,541
She had her first period
976
01:09:25,708 --> 01:09:28,125
and was discovering
her sexuality.
977
01:09:30,625 --> 01:09:31,750
In her diary, now,
978
01:09:32,250 --> 01:09:35,458
"Peter is a nice
and darling boy."
979
01:09:36,791 --> 01:09:40,000
He is someone she can hug
and talk to for hours
980
01:09:40,166 --> 01:09:43,583
secretly in the attic,
under a piece of sky.
981
01:09:58,041 --> 01:10:01,250
Sunday, April the 16th, 1944.
982
01:10:02,166 --> 01:10:03,666
"My dearest Kitty,
983
01:10:04,916 --> 01:10:07,250
remember yesterday's date,
984
01:10:07,541 --> 01:10:11,333
since, ah, it was
a red letter day for me.
985
01:10:11,875 --> 01:10:14,583
Isn't it an important
day for every girl
986
01:10:14,791 --> 01:10:17,083
when she gets her first kiss?
987
01:10:17,500 --> 01:10:20,583
Well then,
it's no less important to me."
988
01:10:22,541 --> 01:10:24,958
It's Peter
who takes the initiative,
989
01:10:25,208 --> 01:10:27,166
even though he has
a clumsy approach,
990
01:10:27,375 --> 01:10:29,666
which end up in a kiss
which lands half on her cheek
991
01:10:29,833 --> 01:10:31,250
and half on her ear.
992
01:10:32,250 --> 01:10:34,000
And then Anne writes,
993
01:10:35,000 --> 01:10:37,916
"Oh, it was so wonderful.
994
01:10:38,083 --> 01:10:43,791
[stutters] I could hardly talk,
my pleasure was too intense.
995
01:10:44,708 --> 01:10:49,041
He caressed my cheek
and arm, a bit clumsily,
996
01:10:49,208 --> 01:10:51,291
and he played with my hair.
997
01:10:51,500 --> 01:10:54,000
Most of the time
our heads were touching.
998
01:10:54,750 --> 01:10:58,166
I can't tell you, Kitty,
the feeling that ran through me.
999
01:10:58,333 --> 01:10:59,750
I was...
[sighs]
1000
01:10:59,916 --> 01:11:01,958
...too happy for words,
1001
01:11:02,250 --> 01:11:04,041
and I think he was, too."
1002
01:11:05,750 --> 01:11:08,875
Twelve days later,
there's a real kiss,
1003
01:11:09,208 --> 01:11:11,250
and Anne takes the lead.
1004
01:11:12,333 --> 01:11:16,166
Friday, April the 28th, 1944.
1005
01:11:17,916 --> 01:11:20,625
"Dearest Kitty,
he came over to me,
1006
01:11:20,958 --> 01:11:22,750
and I threw
my arms around his neck,
1007
01:11:22,916 --> 01:11:24,916
and I kissed him
on his left cheek.
1008
01:11:25,291 --> 01:11:26,875
I was about to kiss him
on the other cheek
1009
01:11:27,041 --> 01:11:30,208
when my mouth met his,
1010
01:11:30,583 --> 01:11:32,875
and we pressed
our lips together.
1011
01:11:33,333 --> 01:11:37,666
In a daze, we embraced,
over and over again,
1012
01:11:37,916 --> 01:11:41,583
never to stop."
[sighs deeply]
1013
01:11:44,666 --> 01:11:45,916
[sighs]
1014
01:12:02,750 --> 01:12:07,583
[in Czech] Anne and I were born
on the same year, 1929.
1015
01:12:08,083 --> 01:12:09,958
We were 14,
1016
01:12:11,083 --> 01:12:13,791
and we experienced
our first love.
1017
01:12:14,000 --> 01:12:19,083
Anne Frank talks
about it in her diary.
1018
01:12:19,375 --> 01:12:23,208
And I mention it in my diary.
1019
01:12:23,375 --> 01:12:28,041
I had my first love there,
in Terezín.
1020
01:12:28,416 --> 01:12:30,916
I had hidden
two of Otto's shirts.
1021
01:12:31,083 --> 01:12:33,500
I do not know
why I had them for years.
1022
01:12:34,083 --> 01:12:36,833
I kept them as a memory.
1023
01:12:37,250 --> 01:12:38,458
I know he was in Dachau,
1024
01:12:38,666 --> 01:12:40,875
and he died
a few days after the liberation.
1025
01:12:45,250 --> 01:12:47,166
[soft guitar music]
1026
01:12:48,208 --> 01:12:50,583
[Helen] Helga has
a house full of butterflies
1027
01:12:50,916 --> 01:12:53,250
in memory of a poem
she heard in the camp,
1028
01:12:53,416 --> 01:12:55,750
recited by her friend, Hanush.
1029
01:12:57,000 --> 01:12:59,958
The poem said,
"There are no butterflies,
1030
01:13:00,625 --> 01:13:03,125
no more butterflies in Terezín."
1031
01:13:04,833 --> 01:13:07,625
Helga's drawings
made her endure all this,
1032
01:13:07,791 --> 01:13:10,125
as much as writing helped Anne.
1033
01:13:13,625 --> 01:13:15,583
[Francesca] [in Italian] I remember
I once read the story
1034
01:13:15,750 --> 01:13:17,166
of a cellist.
1035
01:13:17,333 --> 01:13:22,041
She says she survived,
she remained sane,
1036
01:13:22,291 --> 01:13:24,583
because she kept
on thinking about music.
1037
01:13:24,750 --> 01:13:26,666
She played
over and over in her mind.
1038
01:13:26,833 --> 01:13:28,750
Thinking about a musician
1039
01:13:28,916 --> 01:13:31,666
who held onto
her whole repertoire,
1040
01:13:31,875 --> 01:13:36,416
to all the music she knew,
really touched me.
1041
01:13:40,000 --> 01:13:42,000
[Helen]
Terezín was the largest ghetto
1042
01:13:42,166 --> 01:13:44,083
when Czechoslovakia
was occupied,
1043
01:13:44,750 --> 01:13:48,583
but it was also the anteroom
to the extermination camps.
1044
01:13:49,791 --> 01:13:52,916
From all the occupied countries,
the Nazis sent there
1045
01:13:53,083 --> 01:13:56,291
the war heroes,
the leading intellectuals,
1046
01:13:56,833 --> 01:13:58,958
the scholars, the musicians,
the actors...
1047
01:14:00,708 --> 01:14:04,500
whoever was famous,
Jews and mixed Jews.
1048
01:14:09,166 --> 01:14:11,583
[in Italian] The Nazis wanted
to show to the world
1049
01:14:11,750 --> 01:14:16,958
that while the Germans
are at war or under bombardment,
1050
01:14:17,833 --> 01:14:22,083
the Jews live
with no fears in a fortress city
1051
01:14:22,250 --> 01:14:26,166
where they can go as far
as organizing cultural events
1052
01:14:26,333 --> 01:14:29,750
and they show these Jews
who seem to be living in heaven.
1053
01:14:29,916 --> 01:14:33,041
[singing a lively tune]
1054
01:14:33,791 --> 01:14:35,958
[drum roll]
1055
01:14:38,125 --> 01:14:39,541
[applause]
1056
01:14:40,375 --> 01:14:42,666
[Marcello] [in Italian]
And they even arrange to shoot a movie.
1057
01:14:42,958 --> 01:14:44,125
The Führer
1058
01:14:44,291 --> 01:14:47,041
gifts a city to the Jews.
1059
01:14:47,208 --> 01:14:48,375
They also organize
1060
01:14:48,541 --> 01:14:50,583
a visit by the Red Cross,
1061
01:14:51,375 --> 01:14:54,291
which sadly
will endorse this big hoax,
1062
01:14:54,458 --> 01:14:58,291
this gigantic camouflage.
1063
01:15:07,458 --> 01:15:09,791
[Helen] When Helga
was moved to Auschwitz,
1064
01:15:09,958 --> 01:15:13,333
her uncle took her drawings
and put them behind a wall.
1065
01:15:13,875 --> 01:15:15,000
They were spared.
1066
01:15:17,000 --> 01:15:19,666
No filming or pictures
were allowed in the camps.
1067
01:15:20,083 --> 01:15:22,750
Yet some small
traces of daily life there
1068
01:15:22,916 --> 01:15:24,208
cropped up now and then,
1069
01:15:24,916 --> 01:15:28,291
like these pictures,
taken in Terezín by a worker
1070
01:15:28,458 --> 01:15:31,458
who was called from outside
the camp to dig a ditch.
1071
01:15:32,500 --> 01:15:34,625
[soft orchestral music]
1072
01:15:42,583 --> 01:15:44,375
These pictures feature a girl
1073
01:15:44,541 --> 01:15:46,541
who's taking
her sheep to pasture.
1074
01:15:47,333 --> 01:15:50,666
The girl is Doris Grozdanovičová.
1075
01:15:51,375 --> 01:15:53,625
This was her duty in the camp.
1076
01:15:54,375 --> 01:15:56,958
She is now 93
and lives in Prague.
1077
01:15:57,750 --> 01:16:01,416
In her home, she keeps
more than 1,000 plush sheep.
1078
01:16:02,583 --> 01:16:05,083
They are all gifts
from all over the world.
1079
01:16:06,458 --> 01:16:11,208
[in Czech]
My mother died there at 50
1080
01:16:11,958 --> 01:16:13,833
and she was ill.
1081
01:16:16,083 --> 01:16:21,708
My grandma died
two weeks after arriving.
1082
01:16:21,875 --> 01:16:24,583
As for my father,
1083
01:16:25,041 --> 01:16:29,625
I knew that he was deported,
1084
01:16:30,041 --> 01:16:34,250
but I always hoped
that he would come back.
1085
01:16:38,083 --> 01:16:40,875
I never saw him again.
1086
01:16:46,166 --> 01:16:47,625
[Helen]
Come hell or high water,
1087
01:16:47,833 --> 01:16:50,541
Doris keeps making
her pilgrimage every week
1088
01:16:50,708 --> 01:16:53,416
to Terezín and tells her story.
1089
01:16:54,125 --> 01:16:56,541
A story of rebellion
and courage.
1090
01:16:57,125 --> 01:16:59,916
[in Czech]
[Doris] I can only visualize Terezín
1091
01:17:00,125 --> 01:17:03,333
with my eyes as a young girl.
1092
01:17:03,833 --> 01:17:10,458
I was there for almost
three and a half years
1093
01:17:10,791 --> 01:17:15,916
and I celebrated
four birthdays there.
1094
01:17:16,083 --> 01:17:20,875
I was 16, 17, 18, and 19,
1095
01:17:21,583 --> 01:17:27,875
and I was unable to experience
what living free meant.
1096
01:17:28,041 --> 01:17:30,041
[children singing]
1097
01:17:36,041 --> 01:17:39,291
[in Czech]
[Doris] There is an anthem of Terezín
1098
01:17:40,083 --> 01:17:42,750
written by Karel Švenk.
1099
01:17:42,916 --> 01:17:45,666
I'll quote it for you.
1100
01:17:46,083 --> 01:17:48,791
"Everything goes if one wants
1101
01:17:48,958 --> 01:17:51,250
United we'll hold our hands
1102
01:17:51,458 --> 01:17:55,875
And on the ruins of the ghetto
We shall laugh"
1103
01:17:56,500 --> 01:18:00,625
Poor Karel Švenk
didn't laugh at all,
1104
01:18:01,000 --> 01:18:03,875
since he died
during the death march.
1105
01:18:10,541 --> 01:18:12,416
[bright music]
1106
01:18:31,083 --> 01:18:32,791
[Helen] In the spring of 1944,
1107
01:18:33,000 --> 01:18:35,375
while Doris was left
alone in Terezín,
1108
01:18:35,625 --> 01:18:37,833
Anne is editing her diary.
1109
01:18:38,083 --> 01:18:40,958
She is making corrections,
and she rewrites it.
1110
01:18:41,333 --> 01:18:42,958
She heard on the radio
1111
01:18:43,125 --> 01:18:44,791
that the Minister of Education
of the Netherlands,
1112
01:18:45,041 --> 01:18:46,666
who was exiled in London,
1113
01:18:46,875 --> 01:18:49,208
promised that all testimonies
1114
01:18:49,375 --> 01:18:50,833
of the sufferings
of the Dutch people
1115
01:18:51,000 --> 01:18:52,208
would be published,
1116
01:18:52,375 --> 01:18:54,125
once the war
would come to an end.
1117
01:18:54,708 --> 01:18:57,125
Anne believes that
she can turn her work,
1118
01:18:57,291 --> 01:18:59,125
which was made
of several notebooks,
1119
01:18:59,291 --> 01:19:00,708
into an actual novel,
1120
01:19:00,875 --> 01:19:03,125
and she already
has a title in mind.
1121
01:19:03,333 --> 01:19:07,125
Het Achterhuis,
the Dutch for "Back House."
1122
01:19:07,291 --> 01:19:09,125
[soft orchestral music]
1123
01:19:12,666 --> 01:19:16,541
This is the title
that Otto Frank kept in 1947,
1124
01:19:17,125 --> 01:19:19,791
when, after much inner turmoil,
1125
01:19:19,958 --> 01:19:22,416
he decided to publish the diary.
1126
01:19:32,333 --> 01:19:36,708
Anne, she wrote,
"If God let live me
1127
01:19:37,791 --> 01:19:39,916
I want to work for mankind.
1128
01:19:42,041 --> 01:19:46,041
So you see,
I have a certain task."
1129
01:20:00,500 --> 01:20:03,541
[Yves] Otto Frank,
when he learnt that the diary
1130
01:20:03,708 --> 01:20:05,333
is becoming a success,
1131
01:20:05,833 --> 01:20:08,541
he immediately said
this is not my success,
1132
01:20:08,750 --> 01:20:10,166
this is the success
of my daughter,
1133
01:20:10,333 --> 01:20:15,250
and he wanted to fight
against discrimination,
1134
01:20:15,416 --> 01:20:19,250
against anti-Semitism,
in the meaning of the diary,
1135
01:20:19,416 --> 01:20:22,833
but also in his own
experience as a survivor.
1136
01:20:31,500 --> 01:20:32,875
[in German]
As a German,
1137
01:20:33,041 --> 01:20:35,583
I have thought a lot
about whether I should
1138
01:20:35,750 --> 01:20:37,750
have felt guilty or not.
1139
01:20:37,958 --> 01:20:40,166
I think I have the responsibility
1140
01:20:40,583 --> 01:20:44,208
to give back to the men who lost
their humanity here,
1141
01:20:44,416 --> 01:20:47,875
and to fight so that
their faces are not forgotten.
1142
01:20:48,750 --> 01:20:52,791
[in German] These destinies
remind me that today
1143
01:20:52,958 --> 01:20:54,875
there is a lot
of suffering in the world,
1144
01:20:55,041 --> 01:20:58,750
that so many children and adults
still suffer in war zones,
1145
01:20:58,916 --> 01:21:01,000
and I find this inconceivable.
1146
01:21:01,458 --> 01:21:03,791
[woman] It is so easy
to become a target of hate
1147
01:21:03,958 --> 01:21:05,291
when you're different.
1148
01:21:05,458 --> 01:21:08,375
How can we make sure
that we defend human rights,
1149
01:21:08,541 --> 01:21:12,250
that we make sure
that things that happened
1150
01:21:12,416 --> 01:21:14,541
here in Bergen-Belsen
don't happen again.
1151
01:21:15,333 --> 01:21:17,458
[in German]
[man] There are still people today
1152
01:21:17,958 --> 01:21:23,375
who are considered worthless,
expelled, killed and exiled,
1153
01:21:24,166 --> 01:21:26,416
simply because they are not understood.
1154
01:21:27,083 --> 01:21:29,625
[Yves] I wouldn't compare
a historical situation
1155
01:21:29,875 --> 01:21:32,083
between today and the past,
1156
01:21:32,375 --> 01:21:36,750
but what I would compare
is the situation of refugees.
1157
01:21:36,916 --> 01:21:39,458
People who are running away
from war,
1158
01:21:39,666 --> 01:21:42,125
from death, from threat.
1159
01:21:42,583 --> 01:21:44,916
It is not depending if they
are running away from the Nazis
1160
01:21:45,125 --> 01:21:46,416
or from anybody else.
1161
01:21:46,583 --> 01:21:48,666
It's still children are in need,
1162
01:21:48,833 --> 01:21:51,166
it's still children
are refugees,
1163
01:21:51,458 --> 01:21:54,708
the same way Margot and Anne
and all of their friends
1164
01:21:54,916 --> 01:21:56,791
were threatened at that time.
1165
01:22:00,458 --> 01:22:02,416
[Tatiana] [in Italian]
We tell our story to young people,
1166
01:22:02,583 --> 01:22:04,083
and we have always done it,
1167
01:22:04,291 --> 01:22:09,083
so that the memory
of the Holocaust is not lost.
1168
01:22:09,500 --> 01:22:14,208
But today,
this is beginning to feel like a duty,
1169
01:22:14,625 --> 01:22:18,958
because there are too many people
1170
01:22:19,125 --> 01:22:21,791
who do not accept
those who are different
1171
01:22:21,958 --> 01:22:24,125
and are looking for a better life here,
1172
01:22:24,291 --> 01:22:29,375
and end up drowning in our seas.
1173
01:23:03,958 --> 01:23:06,625
[Helen]
Tuesday, June the 6th, 1944.
1174
01:23:07,750 --> 01:23:11,750
"Oh, Kitty, the best part
about the invasion
1175
01:23:11,916 --> 01:23:15,166
is that I have the feeling
that friends are on the way."
1176
01:23:16,083 --> 01:23:17,958
[explosions]
1177
01:23:18,500 --> 01:23:21,083
That day, June the 6th, 1944,
1178
01:23:21,708 --> 01:23:24,500
Anne was excited,
and like an actual reporter,
1179
01:23:24,666 --> 01:23:26,708
she follows the war bulletins.
1180
01:23:27,958 --> 01:23:30,708
Yet the closer
the end of the conflict,
1181
01:23:31,458 --> 01:23:34,250
the faster
the extermination machine runs.
1182
01:23:35,208 --> 01:23:38,500
Sarah, the sisters
Andra and Tatiana,
1183
01:23:38,750 --> 01:23:40,375
and also Arianna,
1184
01:23:40,583 --> 01:23:43,041
had already been deported
to Auschwitz,
1185
01:23:43,958 --> 01:23:46,333
while Helga was
in the concentration camp
1186
01:23:46,541 --> 01:23:47,916
in Freiberg.
1187
01:23:48,083 --> 01:23:49,916
[soft piano music]
1188
01:24:21,458 --> 01:24:23,166
[soft orchestral music]
1189
01:24:35,750 --> 01:24:38,666
[Ronald] If you visit
the Anne Frank House,
1190
01:24:39,250 --> 01:24:41,291
you will visit an empty house.
1191
01:24:42,166 --> 01:24:44,791
And it's an emptiness
that in a way
1192
01:24:44,958 --> 01:24:47,125
serves as a mirror to us.
1193
01:24:47,833 --> 01:24:50,833
We look into the mirror
and we say, "This was us.
1194
01:24:51,541 --> 01:24:54,583
This was us,
this was done by human beings.
1195
01:24:55,041 --> 01:24:57,708
Maybe not even very
specific human beings,
1196
01:24:57,875 --> 01:25:00,083
maybe very much
human beings like...
1197
01:25:01,125 --> 01:25:02,291
like us."
1198
01:25:03,000 --> 01:25:04,666
[music continues]
1199
01:25:13,375 --> 01:25:15,958
[Michael] Anne Frank,
what would she have been?
1200
01:25:17,041 --> 01:25:19,791
What would she have
written about the world
1201
01:25:19,958 --> 01:25:24,416
in which she witnessed,
what she witnessed?
1202
01:25:25,000 --> 01:25:26,791
And you say to yourself,
1203
01:25:28,875 --> 01:25:34,458
imagine the talent
that Germany destroyed
1204
01:25:35,666 --> 01:25:38,916
by destroying all
of these Jewish children.
1205
01:25:40,541 --> 01:25:43,125
When you destroy children,
1206
01:25:44,333 --> 01:25:47,041
you destroy infinite possibility.
1207
01:26:02,541 --> 01:26:05,458
Saturday, July the 15th, 1944.
1208
01:26:06,500 --> 01:26:07,833
"Dearest Kitty,
1209
01:26:08,958 --> 01:26:11,208
it's difficult
in times like these.
1210
01:26:11,791 --> 01:26:14,875
Ideals, dreams
and cherished hopes
1211
01:26:15,041 --> 01:26:16,750
rise within us,
1212
01:26:16,916 --> 01:26:19,541
only to be crushed
by grim reality.
1213
01:26:20,291 --> 01:26:23,250
It's a wonder I haven't
abandoned all my ideals.
1214
01:26:23,416 --> 01:26:26,375
They seem
so absurd and impractical.
1215
01:26:28,125 --> 01:26:29,541
Yet I cling to them,
1216
01:26:30,041 --> 01:26:32,958
because I still believe,
in spite of everything,
1217
01:26:33,333 --> 01:26:36,083
that people are
truly good at heart."
1218
01:26:39,750 --> 01:26:43,875
Anne does not know it,
but the summer of 1944
1219
01:26:44,041 --> 01:26:45,583
will be her last.
1220
01:26:46,708 --> 01:26:47,958
On June the 12th,
1221
01:26:48,125 --> 01:26:50,791
she celebrates
her 15th birthday.
1222
01:26:56,833 --> 01:26:59,666
Tuesday, August the 1st, 1944.
1223
01:27:00,750 --> 01:27:01,875
"Dearest Kitty,
1224
01:27:02,625 --> 01:27:06,083
as I've told you many times,
I'm split in two.
1225
01:27:08,208 --> 01:27:11,541
One side contains
my exuberant cheerfulness,
1226
01:27:11,791 --> 01:27:15,416
my flippancy, my joy
in life and, above all,
1227
01:27:15,916 --> 01:27:18,791
my ability to appreciate
the lighter side of things.
1228
01:27:21,083 --> 01:27:25,000
By that, I mean not finding
anything wrong with flirtations,
1229
01:27:25,166 --> 01:27:28,291
a kiss, an embrace,
a saucy joke.
1230
01:27:29,500 --> 01:27:33,541
This side of me is usually lying
in wait to ambush the other one,
1231
01:27:33,958 --> 01:27:37,250
which is much purer,
deeper and finer."
1232
01:27:43,833 --> 01:27:47,958
And again on Tuesday,
August the 1st, 1944,
1233
01:27:48,708 --> 01:27:50,041
she writes,
1234
01:27:50,708 --> 01:27:54,166
"When everybody starts
hovering over me, I get cross,
1235
01:27:54,375 --> 01:27:55,750
and then sad,
1236
01:27:56,041 --> 01:27:58,625
and finally end up
turning my heart inside out,
1237
01:27:58,958 --> 01:28:01,958
the bad part on the outside
and the good part on the inside,
1238
01:28:02,125 --> 01:28:05,125
and keep trying to find a way
to become what I'd like to be,
1239
01:28:05,291 --> 01:28:07,125
and what I could be if...
1240
01:28:07,791 --> 01:28:10,625
if only there were
no other people in the world.
1241
01:28:11,291 --> 01:28:14,791
Yours, Anne Marie Frank."
1242
01:28:24,583 --> 01:28:28,250
These are Anne's last words
written in her diary.
1243
01:28:29,458 --> 01:28:30,750
Three days later,
1244
01:28:31,166 --> 01:28:33,291
the Nazis came
and took her away,
1245
01:28:34,916 --> 01:28:37,833
and her room
remained empty and silent.
1246
01:28:41,041 --> 01:28:42,958
For more than 70 years,
1247
01:28:43,416 --> 01:28:46,041
Anne's words have made
millions of young people
1248
01:28:46,208 --> 01:28:47,833
suddenly grow up.
1249
01:28:48,583 --> 01:28:50,416
They learnt not to give up.
1250
01:28:50,833 --> 01:28:52,958
Anne, such a lively girl,
1251
01:28:53,458 --> 01:28:57,583
became the symbol of the horror
of the 20th century.
1252
01:29:06,666 --> 01:29:08,458
What happened later
1253
01:29:09,041 --> 01:29:14,041
is told by Helga, Andra,
Tatiana, Sarah and Arianna.
1254
01:29:15,500 --> 01:29:17,791
Parallel lives that never cross,
1255
01:29:18,958 --> 01:29:22,458
and yet are so close
to almost touch each other.
1256
01:29:23,875 --> 01:29:26,583
They pass the baton
to new generations,
1257
01:29:27,375 --> 01:29:29,333
dreaming of the future.
1258
01:29:30,500 --> 01:29:34,041
Anne refused to stop
remembering and hoping.
1259
01:29:34,833 --> 01:29:37,500
Inside the cover of the diary,
Anne wrote,
1260
01:29:38,416 --> 01:29:41,125
[in French]
"Sois gentil et tiens courage"
1261
01:29:42,625 --> 01:29:45,375
"Be kind and have courage."
1262
01:29:45,541 --> 01:29:47,291
[soft piano music]
1263
01:30:38,833 --> 01:30:40,916
[music continues]