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[intriguing electronic music]
[narrator] I have always asked myself a lot of questions
Always bored at school,
where all questions were answered
except for the important ones.
I spent the time daydreaming
thinking about things that surround us.
Easter Island,
the pyramids of Giza,
Machu Picchu...
Mythical places, which have made us all dream at some point.
You may ask yourself questions, lots of questions.
But asking the right ones is truly an art,
a priceless art, that everyone can afford.
This is how I found myself, many years later
looking into the past of our planet
far, very far back in time.
And what I discovered changed my vision of the past
for ever.
[mysterious music]
[soaring orchestral music]
[dramatic music]
[inspiring music]
I did a lot of reading before investigating on-site
Many far-fetched, contradictory, confusing things
which could mislead those who know nothing about the subject
and convince them that nothing interesting
is to be found in the ruins of the ancient people of our Planet.
Yet, the perfection found in these ancient constructions
defies modern reason. Therefore I decided to surround myself
with competent people,
who could enlighten me and thus avoid any hasty deductions
As the investigation progressed,
uncovering new elements along the way
I saw the look in their eyes change, and so was mine.
I had to set aside my a priori and prejudices
what the French philosopher Descartes called
"wiping the slate clean".
I had to remember the time when I looked at the world differently
in a more simple way.
And this reassured me, inspired me and gave me hope
as perspectives are always brighter than what we can imagine.
Let us start softly then
with one of the most well known ancient sites on Earth,
a minuscule island lost in the middle of the Pacific Ocean
Rapa Nui, Easter Island.
Easter Island is a speck of earth in the middle of the Pacific Ocean
located 3700 kilometres away from the coasts of Chile
and about 4000 kilometres away from French Polynesia.
In a period of 100 years, the People from Rapa Nui
are believed to have sculpted about 1000 volcanic stone giants
using the Moai, the stone coming from a crater, used as a quarry.
[soaring orchestral music]
[mysterious music]
Some of them were erected on pedestals, called Ahu
set at various places on the island.
Here are the main ones.
Tongariki, the largest Moai formation.
Te Pito Kura, the "navel of the World",
with the largest Moai
transported from the quarry, laying down next to it.
In the bay of Anakena
where the Moai are capped with their red Pukao.
Tahaï, where we have restored the white eyes of the Moai.
Vinapu, the most ancient Ahu of the island
according to archaeological studies.
And Akivi, the only formation where the Moai look to the sea
and more specifically to the equinox sun.
Let us quickly review the history of the Island
before getting to the important questions that it raises.
The extraordinary saga of the Rapa Nui People starts there.
In the Anakena Bay, where King Hotu Matua
who left Polynesia with his bravest men, first landed.
It is widely believed that they had built a prosperous society
and the most accepted hypothesis
states that the Rapa Nui society collapsed
following clan wars throughout the centuries,
while deforestation occurred because of the statues.
However, in light of the latest archaeological discoveries,
reality might have been quite different.
Epidemics introduced by the Spanish navigators
at the end the 18th Century,
slave raids at the end of the 19th Century
and their consequences almost exterminated the population
We have to remember that the population here
was reduced to a hundred and ten or eleven people at one point.
The loss of scribes and guardians of the Rapa Nui culture
who became forced labourers in Peruvian mines
and the subsequent Christian evangelization campaigns
almost exterminated the culture of these people.
The Rapa Nui may have originated from Hiva Oa
about 3 600 kilometers to the Northwest.
3 600 kilometers.
One does not embark on such a trip lightly.
One must think about food, and especially water.
Talking about a 30 to 50 days trip in pirogue
implies a certain level of logistics.
There must be enough supplies for the trip back in case of failure.
One may not quite comprehend what such an expedition could imply.
One can eat fish, but enough water needs to be provided for,
especially considering the huge effort.
One needs to know ahead of time
how many days in the pirogue
there are before reaching land.
Either Hotu Mota first sent scouts in various directions
and, by chance, one of them discovered Easter Island
which would have then initiated a further expedition.
Or they left randomly and, out of shear luck
discovered this speck of land in the Pacific Ocean.
Alternatively,
they might have known the position of the island beforehand
which raises the question as to how could they have known about it.
Linguists cite the resemblance of the Rapa Nui language
with the original Polynesian language,
the former would have in fact evolved during migrations
which all confirms the Oral history of the Rapa Nui.
They claim to have accomplished this trip
straight from Hiva Oa Island.
If it's true that they all migrated from this place called Hiva,
the linguistic evidence suggests that Rapa Nui
left that group of people first, and came here.
Of course they were all speaking the same language at that time.
We hear all kinds of things about this Island
but it is difficult to reconstruct
the true story of the Rapa Nui people,
terribly damaged by multiple invasions.
Recent archaeological studies
go against the accepted idea of a nation of warriors.
According to the American anthropologist Carl Lipo,
the mata"a, obsidian blades long considered weapons
may have actually been tools for sculpting and gardening,
noting their lack of a pointed tip.
There are also no traces of fortifications on the island.
And then there are movies that show
very little respect for the people of Rapa Nui,
to the extent that, after filming on the Island,
an American production company just threw a concrete Moai
that was no longer useful out into the ocean.
But Let's get technical.
The Giant Moai of Rano Raraku
which measures 22 meters high
and weighs about 250 tons
is often shown
but we seldom see those Moais
which were sculpted above within the sidewalls
thus complicating their future extraction.
One could think they were not sculpted to be extracted
however, since they are not visible at ground-level
why go to that much trouble?
These Moais weigh between 40 and 60 tons
and are located about 15 kilometres away from the quarry,
where they were extracted from.
Some of the Moais were capped with a Pukao,
hats made of red volcanic tuf
extracted here, at the site of Puna Pao,
12 kilometres from the quarry of Rano Raraku
at the back of this tank.
[mysterious traditional music]
The Pukao were then transported, hoisted
and set on top of the Moai's heads
sometimes at a height of 8 meters.
How?
Very simple, according to this explanatory sign.
Maybe someone has a better explanation
but no one has yet thought it would be useful
or important to specify it here.
In fact, no one really knows.
We may have vague hypotheses regarding the transportation
and we believe the Moai might have been erected
to protect the houses they were gazing at,
although the statues tend to look more to the skies than the ground.
Experiences have been set up on flat surfaces
to simulate the transportation of a 5-ton Moai
however, it is impossible to confirm that the same process
would have been possible with an 80-ton Moai like this one.
Ahu Vinapu is different from the other sites
because of its massive architecture.
I ask myself simple questions.
For example, regarding this Ahu,
since it is the most ancient of the Island
it leads to some unsettling questions.
Being the most ancient and still in place
it demonstrates that this way of building
was the most resistant, therefore the safest.
It was the best advertising for this technique.
True to the idea of permanent progress by Homo Sapiens,
one would expect subsequent sites to be built in a similar fashion
or even better.
And the problem is that actually,
all the Ahu built after this one
were never as large, nor as precise in their assemblage
and all ended up collapsing.
But not Ahu Vinapu.
Thus, the questions are:
amongst all the builders at Rapa Nui who followed,
none of them noticed that the only viable technique
was the one utilized at Ahu Vinapu?
And if they did, why not reproduce this technique?
Therefore either the secret of this structure is a unique case
lost in history
or the people of Rapa Nui had nothing to do with its construction.
One may notice a very strong similarity
in the style between Ahu Vinapu
and structures attributed to the Incas, in Peru.
Genetics analyses on chickens of the Island
demonstrate there were contacts between both peoples
but we do not know in which direction.
Destination Peru, more specifically Cuzco.
the old Inca capital that, like Rapa Nui
was referred to as the World's belly button by its inhabitants.
Either both tribes see themselves as the centre of the world
or maybe the Earth has numerous belly buttons.
The problem in Peru
is that there is little information on the time preceding the arrival
of the Catholics and the ravages of the Inquisition.
It means that one may be confused regarding
the history of the buildings and their techniques.
This church was built directly over the Inca Temple of Coricancha
covering it entirely.
However, the Catholic Church was not alone in this use
of this rather high-handed method, as it was practiced everywhere
by conquerors and settlers.
Like here, this mosque over the Temple of Luxor in Egypt
or again the temple of Jupiter in Baalbek in Lebanon,
where Romans preferred to build on top of existing foundations
Which is understandable, as each block
weighs over 1 000 tons.
Here, the Church sought to destroy the archives of these people
until everyone accepted the popular image
of barbaric and bloodthirsty Incas
engaging in human sacrifice.
It is very sad indeed to see how these thousand-year-old peoples
and their immense knowledge were loathed,
knowledge we are just beginning to re-discover
especially in the field of medicine.
And in politics, as well, as, before the arrival of the Europeans,
the Inca Empire had almost succeeded in uniting all of their people.
It was important to avoid any further rebellion.
For that, they had a radical option.
One kills the leaders, spreading confusion amongst
the people, and rebellion is squashed.
The method is as old as the World itself.
Well, actually maybe not.
45 centuries prior to the arrival of the Europeans
life was quite different on the Pacific coast of Peru
and there was a civilization there for a very long time:
the vast city of Caral Supe bearing witness of this.
Caral being the oldest American city to date.
This vast city was remarkably organized
with streets, squares, housing,
amphitheatres and temples in the shape of pyramids.
It dates back to 5000 years old
which is about 3000 years prior to our time.
According to Egyptologist dating, this gigantic mother city
was contemporary to the Pyramids in Giza.
Archaeological studies tell that Caral was destroyed
about 3800 years ago
following earthquakes or other climate-related catastrophes.
The city was a vast problem for those who studied it
as no fortresses nor weapons were ever found,
and so they had to admit the incredible possibility of this city
living in peace for over a thousand years
with commercial cooperation with its neighbors.
All this is to say, how improbable it appears to modern humans
that one may live in peace for vast periods of time.
[soft orchestral music]
When one discovers a site like Caral
the main difficulty for archaeologists is the state it is in
which renders the reconstruction of daily life challenging.
One may find small blocks of stone, joined together by clay cement.
The same technique as we may find at a later stage at Machu Picchu
or at Ollantaytambo
which will later evolve towards greater precision.
They may have started to build Caral with small stones
and it would have been completed with a refined technique
as we may see on the most recent parts of the Machu Picchu site.
It would be a normal evolution of the technique throughout time.
Discovered in 1911
at a time where, in Europe, Incas were still believed to be savages,
this city was unknown to the Spanish
during the time of their occupation of Peru.
It shows impressive technical expertise
especially in the management of water and its distribution system.
Its stone assemblages are harmoniously integrated
into the environment
However, outside of the important work
of bringing the materials to the site
it does not represent any particular difficulty.
But what surprised me was the heart of the site,
built in a totally different style.
Huge andesite blocks, a very hard stone
had been assembled with precision without any seal
meaning stone against stone.
If this stone comes from a quarry
on the other side of the valley,
then one really wonders
how could they have transport these heavy blocks on such a steep slope?
And why such a difference in style?
One may not use the same techniques for buildings intended for rituals
as for buildings intended for housing which I can understand.
but then why are some of the walls "mixed"?
This could be due to ulterior repairs,
but then, the question would be why was it not repaired identically?
One can see that the assemblage techniques of the big blocks
are more ancient compared to the techniques of the small blocks.
Why?
Quite simply: the small blocks are set on top of the big blocks.
Here, similarly to Ahu Vinapu of Easter Island,
the builders have assembled complex polygonal shapes
which do not seem to present any kind of difficulty.
Let's draw some comparisons
which make no sense according to archaeology
as the sites we are going to compare
are separated by thousands of kilometers
and were built thousands of years apart.
Here you can see an assemblage from an angle of a wall in Machu Picchu
and another one from the Temple of the Valley in Giza, in Egypt.
One may notice the same type of general symmetry of the shape
like here, still at the temple of the Valley in Egypt,
and there, at the heart of Machu Picchu.
At Machu Picchu...
And in the Temple of the Valley.
One may explain these parallels
by the fact that, confronted with the same difficulty
human beings will all find the same solution.
But, outside of the similarities
what can we learn?
Simply that one does not randomly assemble blocks
and that, if needed, they are cut to create these patterns
which gives us an idea about the level of mastery required.
How's this for logic?
one starts by assembling extremely resistant constructions
with massive stones
and, as time passes, one builds less and less resistant structures
with stones the size of bricks.
Long live progress.
Here, these stones disjointed by one or more earthquakes
allow us to understand two things:
first of all, the internal faces are precisely worked on
to be assembled over all of their depth,
then the face of the stones on the left is slightly twisted
and the block on the right exactly matches this twist
reproduced on the right to mirror the left.
Do you realize the difficulty of achieving this?
In practicality, this complex work
does not seem to be useful in any way.
If these walls are an evolution of the techniques in Caral
a millennium earlier,
then where does this style with enormous stones come from?
Where is the logic in all of this?
It is even more obvious at Sacsayhuaman,
the fortress with the 3 enclosures overhanging the city of Cuzco,
ancient capital of the Incas.
[mysterious music]
3 gigantic outer-walls over 3 levels
made of blocks weighing a few dozen tons
assembled with very great precision.
Over more than 400 meters long.
The stones at the angles weigh over 200 tons
and the others up to 60 tons.
What is the purpose of such a fortress?
3 outer-walls of this scale where,
militarily speaking, we find numerous weak points.
If this was simply a way to appear strong
they might have gone a bit too far.
[soaring orchestral music]
At the site, the guides are happy to tell us that
the whole site represents the head of a puma
and that this fortress represents its teeth,
the rest being made of the outer walls of the ancient Cuzco.
This is beautiful story, one may indeed identify an eye
but how confident can we be about it?
What I notice is that the builders must have been able to transport
hoist and assemble stones weighing dozens of tons
but, when repairing stones that were damaged
or had disappeared
this is what they must have done.
At Ollantaytambo, still in Peru we find the same thing.
One may see these walls made of small stones,
classical of the Inca era, and these assemblages there.
Here, the first traces of settlements
date back to -600 to -400 before our time.
so it is rather ancient.
If these were the same builders
then they lost their know-how along the way
because for some unknown reasons
they were unable to complete them or repair them identically.
You can believe what you wish.
The style, the quality of the stone
and the difficulty of the work are in no way the same.
As the repairs are to be found on the upper layers of the walls
it means the stones underneath are older.
The builders, here again, started by assembling
gigantic stones with a very great precision
to finish off with smaller stones assembled with less precision?
At the Ollantaytambo site
my eyes were drawn to black stone blocks carved in a certain way.
I had heard a guide saying there was a link between this site
and the site of Tiahuanaco in Bolivia,
that similar techniques had been utilized.
From what was said, the sites were not dated from the same time
but there again, this was rather unclear.
I decided to head off to Tiahuanaco, through the Andes
on the other side of the famous Titikaka Lake.
[dramatic orchestral music]
What makes the Tiahuanaco plateau interesting is the following.
A vast enclosure made of walls and pillars
an entryway leading to a door.
Except none of this is authentic.
It is in fact a reconstruction based on the vision of an archaeologist.
Here is the site, pictured before its restoration in 1892.
At the site, no one tells you anything.
There is not even a sign telling you that it was actually restored.
One could believe it was an authentic site.
But curiously, this creative archaeologist
did not find it useful
to look at the site of Puma Punku, located about 1 km from here.
Its builders are said to be pre-Incas.
Therefore, before the Incas.
And they would have built all of this.
[epic music]
What happened there?
Why was this site destroyed?
A dispute between shamans is mentioned?
If this was actually the reason,
it would have been wise to avoid angering them back then
since they would have been quick to smash some slabs
weighing a few dozen tons.
I had asked Erik Gonthier, geologist, to come over with me
as I wanted his advice on the technical means utilized.
Erik told me that in India, stone cutters are still using the same
or almost the same methods
as the ones used thousands of centuries ago.
except the use of hardened steel, too soft
which was replaced by carborundum or other hard-alloy tips.
When using hardened steel tools
the stone cutters usually hit at most 5 or 6 times
before sending them again to the quench.
Erik insisted on the fact
to not to underestimate human capabilities.
You need to know that,
as soon as you question the academic version
others will immediately suspect
that you believe it was all built by aliens.
That's what's meant by "not underestimating human capabilities".
It suggests that we necessarily expect an extra-terrestrial solution
to resolve the "issue" of the tools.
But, to tell you the truth although I cannot explain the methods used
I do not feel that this was something made by beings
capable of travelling across the universe.
I advise Erik to wait for a bit before making a decision.
[soft piano music]
The next day, he will use our roughness-measuring device
a tool that measures the surface flatness
thanks to a minuscule diamond tip
manoeuvred by a computerized arm.
The first measurements on randomly selected stones
provide more than acceptable results.
Then, as we start to choose the stones,
attempting to find some in better condition than others,
the numbers get more accurate.
We then reach the stone I was looking at since this morning.
Erik places the roughness-measuring device over it.
I am curious to know the result
as the block appears to be particularly smooth.
The graph that appears is very flat.
[speaking foreign language]
Variance between the highest and the lowest point on the surface
knowing that 1 micron equals 0.001 millimetre
or that you will need 1000 microns to obtain 1 millimeter,
30 microns, it is 0.03 mm.
this surface is ten times smoother than a modern flat concrete.
Already spotted by Christopher Dunn
an aviation engineer who based his career on precision.
In a hotel room, we cleared of a table
that had a glass table top
The glass table top was within 7 thousands of an inch
of being flat.
Going out to Puma Punku and taking that instrument,
it was within half a thousand of an inch.
Knowing that, on top of it all
surfaces deteriorate over time.
to give you an idea, here is the roughness of every day materials.
He who was talking about copper and abrasion.
Believe me when I tell you that he carefully chooses
his words in front of the camera.
300 kilometers away.
Transporting rocks weighing a few tons across the Andes
and over such a distance does not seem to surprise him that much.
Nothing will ever replace an actual visit.
Although... Sometimes, from a distance
we may discover certain things.
[mysterious music]
One may notice this pattern on a slab.
A researcher told me this pattern
was also present at another enigmatic site in Peru,
over 700 km away as the crow flies.
Nazca.
On this barren plateau, immense lines and representations of animals
have been drawn on the ground by the people of Nazca.
The first evidence of the existence of these people
dates back to about 2300 years ago.
Except for a few stylised representations of animals
one may observe mainly straight lines
some spanning over a few kilometers.
The whole site covers thousands of square kilometers.
We often hear about the "tracks of Nazca".
And some did not hesitate in the past to call these
"landing strips for extra-terrestrial vessels".
How could you seriously consider
that people capable of flying across the universe
might need a landing strip drawn on the ground in order to land
just like one of our planes?
This sounds as stupid as the hypothesis
stating theses patterns were destined to call on the gods
asking for water, rare in the area.
that would imply taking the elders as fools.
At that time, one might have had better things to do
rather than wasting time in a barren area where nothing grows.
Here again, we know nothing.
Although these figures are gigantic
their creation might have been difficult
but far from impossible.
What interests me, is the "why".
We are often shown animal drawings
but the lines are far more impressive.
And both curiously overlap in some places
as if we were looking at 2 eras and 2 very different styles.
On one hand, we have
animal drawings and representations of living beings,
though none of them lived at this latitude.
On the other, we find abstract and immense geometrical lines.
This is inconsistent with a people supposed to have possessed
only primitive technology.
Similarly to the H-shape blocks of Puma Punku.
Let's look at what we have.
From the people of Rapa Nui to the Inca Empire,
partly because of foreign invasions,
we do not know for certain the why and the how
of all these constructions.
But we can see they have usually been executed
in inaccessible areas
in the desert, on top of hills
or on very steep mountainsides.
Each time,
there seems to be at least 2 different eras
and the most ancient era
appears to have a taste for abstract geometrical patterns.
[wondrous music]
Peru is a vast and magnificent land
as its people.
It is said there are over 1200 sites listed
and one would need a lot of time in order to see them all.
Sometimes I just trust my intuition
and let myself be guided by the people I meet.
This is how I discovered the next site.
[wondrous music]
After a drive of about 30 km of dirt track
this site is difficult to access.
A low stonewall covers the back wall.
Another stonewall outside
leads us to believe that we are in some kind of sheepfold.
Up until now, nothing abnormal except for the fact that,
for some unknown reason, the other sidewall has been cut.
[wondrous music]
And as we turn around, we discover that, at the entry of this cave,
the stones have been entirely sculpted.
[wondrous music]
Here again, the feeling that you are facing
2 different eras in the building of the structure
is strong.
This feeling is confirmed by these outer structures
in the same style as the sheepfold.
A latter imitation?
The work is clean and the cut outs are beautiful
but wait to see the next site
located far far away from Peru
in India, in the Bihar region.
[traditional indian music]
[singing in foreign language]
We find 7 caves entirely excavated from massive granite blocks,
spread over 2 main sites.
4 at Barabar
and 3 at Nagarjuni.
Amongst them, 2 remain unfinished.
They are considered to be the oldest caves in India
and they may have been built between the 3rd and 2nd century
before our time, about 2300 years ago
under the reign of King Ashoka,
according to the scriptures carved at the entrance of 3 of the caves.
There are many other caves in India
but these are unique because of their features.
Here again,
one may observe the same contrast
between the seniority of the building
and the sobriety of its geometric shapes.
They were dug into granite rocks,
a material harder than hardened steel?
On these images, the surfaces appear to resemble cement.
However, this is an optical illusion
due to the light and the transparent granite crystals
polished to the extreme, giving the feel of a rough surface.
In reality, they are like this, everywhere.
I asked Jean-Louis Boistel, an experienced stone cutter
who has been working granite for over 40 years
without any modern tools, for his opinion.
I did not even have the time to let him know
these images had been taken with a highly sensitive camera
that allows us to film in the dark as if in full light.
Indeed, with a normal camera
this is what we get.
[mysterious music]
[epic music]
Yet these caves are at least 2300 years old.
The dating only relies
upon the inscriptions carved at the entrance of 3 of them.
However, when looking at these inscriptions in detail,
we can see the work is far from being as clean
as the work produced inside the caves.
In the most complex cave,
the granite has literally become flaky in some parts
which is a natural phenomenon
suggesting that these caves may be older than we think.
In this massive stone,
2 caves have been carved on that side.
The one on the left is fully completed inside
and the entryway also appears to be finished.
The one on the right displays a curved porch
Buddhist-style, corresponding to the era of King Ashoka,
but the inside is unfinished.
The side is surface-sized over 3 sides.
But the vault, the ground and the dome are still raw.
We don't understand why the completed cave
is not the one with the porch, obviously special,
as it is the only cave to have one.
Why was it not completed?
When looking at the porch more closely,
we can see the work is easy on the eye, so to speak.
But, as beautiful as it may look,
it cannot be compared to the work accomplished
on the inside walls of the cave.
This porch is off-centre not vertical.
It is nothing compared to the precision
in the construction of the caves.
[soft music]
According to some archaeologists,
this uncompleted cave could explain in detail
how the other caves would have been constructed.
It is hard, when looking at this work
to imagine it might one day resemble this.
[soft music]
Even more impossible
as the hits on the vault go too deep in some areas.
This cave seems to show a failed attempt
maybe done on a cave that was discovered unfinished.
A king would not take over a cave already completed
but would more likely finish a cave including some modifications.
which would explain the difference in levels on the ground.
And maybe his men did not succeed.
Of course this is pure speculation on my part.
The contrast between the surface-sized wall
and the ceiling seems to confirm the idea of a re-use.
We would need further study of this room
in order to comprehend fully the chronology in the work
and confirm or set aside this hypothesis.
We measured the surfaces with the roughness-measuring device.
[intriguing music]
[speaking foreign language]
There is an average difference of a few microns.
These surfaces are almost as smooth as glass.
[mysterious music]
But it was when we took the measurements
that I started to understand.
The precision tolerance varies between about 2 and 5 mm.
The takings of measurements with a rangefinder
are difficult because the walls are tilted.
What tools were used to accomplish such an exact work?
Some defects in the polishing do confirm
that these caves were hand-made
which renders the need for accuracy even more pronounced.
When I say "hand-made"
I am considering quite powerful portable tools
besides simple chisels and hammers.
But why such precision?
What is the point?
[mysterious music]
A gap of a few centimeters
would be difficult to see with a naked eye and in full light.
I was leaving Barabar
with the feeling that these caves had more to offer.
However we could no longer settle for a roughness-measuring device
and a rangefinder, we needed more precise equipment.
From Easter Island to India, via Peru,
we may observe 2 very different styles.
The work that is the most ancient is also the largest
the most precise and the best assembled.
It is the case on Easter Island, At Ollantaytambo,
at Machu Picchu
at Naupa Iglesia
and in Egypt.
Why this need for accuracy?
[soft music]
I was leaving for Egypt with Erik Gonthier
who was growing more and more embarrassed
by all of our discoveries.
Few scientists accept to appear in these types of movies,
afraid to look like raving lunatics in the eyes of their colleagues.
But like me, he wanted to understand.
Neither he nor I had any hypothesis.
I was just unravelling the facts following an intuition
I was looking to validate through reason
whilst he was taking measurements and data.
The granite used to build the sarcophagi
comes from one of the quarries in Aswan
about 900 km away from Saqqarah
located 1km away from the Nile river,
distance on which the 22 sarcophagi
had to be transported.
[traditional music]
However, despite it being an extraordinary work
surfaces are a little less precise than the ones observed at Barabar.
How did these 22 sarcophagi
and their lids get moved into such a small space?
Why, yet again, the need for such accuracy
for sarcophagi destined to hold bulls
even if these bulls were sacred?
How did they work underground?
How did they get enough light to accomplish such polishing?
What were their tools? How did they breathe?
Have Egyptologists looked into these questions in their publications?
If this is the case
I am more than curious to know the answers.
Because these are the types of tools shown
when one talks about the stone cutting techniques
of Ancient Egypt.
When we're looking to Ancient Egypt
and we follow their civilization over a 3000 year period,
we are told that they used very simple tools
at the beginning of their civilization,
such as copper chisels, wooden mallets,
stone chisels, stone hammers...
and then you follow the progress of that civilization
over 3000 years and it ends up :
they're still using the same tools as they started with.
that doesn't make sense.
Christopher Dunn offers the vision of an engineer
through all of his observations,
no matter what the techniques are
the thought process is rigorously the same throughout the ages.
Especially regarding the complex structure of Ancient Egypt.
Tools had to evolve.
we go from a single stone to a stone tied up to a medium
then, little by little, the tool is perfected.
However, and despite the fact that master pieces were created
for some unknown reason, it may have not happened that way.
[traditional music]
Particularly when you look into what they created,
because the tools they have found in the archaeological records
are not capable to create these artifacts from that period.
Convinced for over 20 years that the Egyptians
are indeed the creators of these structures,
Christopher Dunn has been tracking down their tools.
Clearly more elaborated in regard to their constructions
which he explains in detail in his work
[traditional music]
Each stone of the outer wall weighs between 200 and 400 tons.
It's completely surreal.
So much so in fact that nobody has tried to discover
how they could have done this.
Theses stones have then been covered by granite paving
from Aswan, as usual.
We notice that these massive stones all have different shapes
fitting together accurately.
I have never heard nor read any serious explanation
regarding the building of this temple
as if piling up stones weighing 200 to 400 tons
was just child's play.
For some, the builders would have used ramps to raise them.
Others mention hoists.
Get some information regarding
the difficulty of transporting such heavy loads
and you will understand that the enigma
is far from being solved.
sites which, according to our History have nothing in common
except for the fact
that they have been created by people
who were barely clothed.
The temple of the Valley is located below Giza
some hundred meters away from the greatest of all pyramids.
On the 30th Parallel, about 4500 years ago
the Great Pyramid of Giza would have been built.
if we go by the dating of Egyptology.
No text mentions its construction
nor the construction of the Median Pyramid
also known as Khafre Pyramid,
nor the small one, also known as Mikerinos Pyramid.
In fact, this is not quite right.
fragments of papyrus dated from the end of the 4th dynasty
discovered in 2013
do mention the transport of limestone blocks from Tourah,
those used for the cladding of the great Pyramid,
but nothing else.
no reference to the more than 2 million blocks of limestone
that came from other quarries.
Its construction remains an enigma to this day.
The site of Giza is built over a limestone plateau
originally made of flattened hills
as we can see on the median Pyramid.
For the Great Pyramid, the builders kept part of the hill.
Some kind of giant pivot of about 6 meters high
around which it was built.
First, they paved about 60 000 square meters in surface
minus the surface of the pivot
which allowed them to keep a great part of the blocks
for the construction. But these paving blocks,
weighing a ton anda half on average are not all identical
and have complex shapes
which makes joining them even more complicated.
This is even more complex as the ground has been carved
in order to insert these blocks.
It is a giant puzzle in 3D.
Once this was completed they built the base of the pyramid
which is almost flat
as noted by the Egyptologist Mark Lehner.
He detected a difference of only a few centimeters
from one end to the other of the pavestone
which spreads over 230 meters in length.
We do wonder a lot about the means to obtain such precision
with the basic tools commonly attributed to the Egyptians.
That is, if they were indeed the builders of this site.
Then, they piled up over 2 million limestone blocks
in successive rounds up to the top.
There again, we can see the height of the rounds is not the same
and the blocks all have different shapes
meaning that they did not place the blocks randomly.
The work was done with such precision
that the edges of the pyramid remain unbroken up to the top.
Today, the blocks of the cladding
made of limestone from Tourah are missing.
[enigmatic music]
Blocks may have fallen down following a violent earthquake
in the 14th century,
cladding we can still see on the top of the median pyramid.
Cladding that rendered the great pyramid
entirely smooth from the outside.
It was oriented with stupefying precision to True North
with variation of only 1/500th of a degree,
precision that would take us
thousands of years to achieve again
even with our modern equipment.
The first difficulty was to establish
directing lines on the ground with such precision.
And the second,
to raise the 2 million blocks,
while maintaining this precision.
How did they do it?
No one knows.
The base of the great pyramid is not a perfect square
but is slightly octagonal.
This indentation is visible on these images
as well as on satellites pictures.
For unknown reasons, the small pyramid also has this oddity.
but not the median pyramid.
What does it imply?
On top of managing raising each round of blocks of various sizes
they also had to deal with this indentation right up to the top,
considerably complicating construction.
The great pyramid was so smooth
that it made it impossible to see the entryway on the north face.
How can we confirm this with confidence?
Because, if this was not the case
in the 9th century, the men of the Caliph Al Mammoun
would not have dug a long tunnel within the great pyramid,
only a few meters below the actual entryway.
This confirms that still at that time,
no entryway was visible.
Moreover, either they were well informed
or they got really lucky
as the tunnel was dug up on the accurate face of the Pyramid
and precisely reached the junction
of the ascending and descending hallways.
We notice, in passing
in this hallway, that all the inside layers of the blocks
are set up together accurately.
we feel as though we are in a compact limestone mass.
It gives an idea of the overall work.
According to Professor André Pochan,
mathematician, physicist and teacher
at Cairo High School in the thirties,
this indentation
would have allowed for what he called
"the lightning phenomenon",
precisely indicating the equinoxes
as seen on this aerial picture by the Royal Air Force.
This led him to photograph this phenomenon
on the 21st of March 1934,
using infrared cameras, the height of technology at the time,
in order to show the temperature differences on the south face,
here in these 3 photographs taken 15 seconds apart.
Thanks to this indentation
when the sun reaches the ridge at the time of the equinox,
it first lightens up half of the south face for a few seconds,
dividing it in 2 equal parts,
then goes on to illuminate the whole of it
leading to what Professor Pochan baptised
"the lightning".
For some, Pochan is mistaken as, according to them,
the cladding of the Great Pyramid did not have any indentation.
To confirm this, they are looking at the few cladding blocks
visible on the North face of the Great Pyramid.
There again, when you look further,
you will find that these blocks are not the original ones.
You can see them here,
photographed by the Morton brothers.
Despite some damage, these blocks are in excellent condition
when compared to the blocks behind them,
which have not been exposed to the air since the 14th Century.
Here you can see them a century later, quite eroded.
Let's reason logically.
Why would these builders have considerably complicated their work
by managing the raising of indented faces
with blocks of various sizes
in order, after that
to set up flat cladding blocks to fill in this indentation?
Should Professor Pochan be right
Imagine the complexity of both the design and the execution here.
Let's move to the internal structure,
considered by many to be a building site in itself.
It is made up of 2 main hallways.
The descending hallway crosses the foundation
to then plummet to the limestone plateau,
oriented at 26,18 degrees.
Please do remember this number.
Leading to the unfinished underground chamber.
The ascending hallway leads to the median chamber
then to the high chamber, crossing the Great Gallery.
It also carries a gradient of 26,18 degrees.
This internal structure defies all logic
We are moving from a 1 meter by 1 meter hallway
to a room 8,5 meters high over 50 meters in length
whose purpose, if any, remains totally unknown.
The median chamber is entirely built of limestone.
It has a chevron ceiling and a curiously off-center niche.
[dramatic music]
And finally the High Chamber.
This chamber is made exclusively of granite slabs.
It is the only place in the pyramid where they are found,
granite from Aswan, located 900 km away from Giza.
These slabs weigh between 12 and 70 tons
They were extracted here,
may have been transported over the Nile River
raised 40 meters on the Giza Plateau
then another 50 meters in the pyramid
to be precisely configured to guarantee
the horizontality and the verticality of the room.
Just this, in itself, defies all reason.
They needed to manage this building site at the same time as the site
where the limestone blocks were extracted from. Why?
The sarcophagus, for example, is too big to go through the opening.
Therefore it needed to be placed inside
prior to erecting the sidewalls.
One may talk for a long time about how to maneuver
and adjust such heavy blocks with great accuracy.
but Let's talk about Egyptology and what it has to teach us.
One would have employed about 15 000 men
over a 20-year period to build the great pyramid.
We know nothing of the tools
and we can at best speculate about the methods.
We do not know more about the complex management
of building such a site.
Getting them to eat, sleep, healing them if necessary,
since these workers lacked gloves or any kind of footwear safety.
This great endeavor was reportedly undertaken
to deliver a cenotaph for King Kheops when he died,
meaning it was utilized during a ceremony
allowing the soul of the King to rise towards the heavens.
Once the ritual was accomplished,
the pyramid would be hermetically sealed
and the mummy would be transported elsewhere.
There is no inscription anywhere, no gigantic statue, no signature.
the only thing left from this megalomaniac king
is a 7 cm statue
and the testimony, sometimes crazy, of Herodotus
more than 2000 years later
which is, in vast parts, the basis for all of the theses of Egyptology.
No matter what, 20 or even 30 years to build the Great Pyramid
appears to be totally impossible
with regard to the example that follows.
Here is the entry to the temple of Karnak
that measures about 110 meters in length,
40 meters in height and 15 meters in width.
it would have taken 17 years to be built.
10 years for the basement, 7 years for the rest of the building.
And it would have been erected a lot later than the Great Pyramid.
But let's go back to Puma Punku,
as I have not told you everything about this site.
It was during an interview that one of the members of our team
had the intuition to measure the H-shape blocks,
which is what we did straight away.
This gap is set at exactly 22 cm.
On another block, it is 21,9 cm.
or a 1 mm difference.
[dramatic music]
21,9 cm on a third one.
There again, 1 mm difference.
In the middle of the site are 2 H-shaped blocks
in excellent condition.
At the back on the blocks,
one may see a pattern in the shape of a cross
that we decided to go and measure.
[suspenseful action music]
[device beeping]
[incredulous laughter]
The H-shape blocks are 1 meter high.
The crosses are 30 cm in width.
This gap here, 22 cm.
We are in the metric system.
I told you Erik was a courageous man.
The meter in a pre-Inca site
is not very easy to integrate into the accepted chronology.
But why is it so disturbing?
Because, first of all,
the meter is based on the measurements of the Earth.
So we can't define it if one has not measured the Earth.
And secondly because the Earth was measured
and the meter was set in 1795.
So unless one strongly believes in coincidences,
logically, we should not find this unit before this date.
And it is even more troubling to find it on blocks
with such particular shapes,
which, if they were in wood, would seem unnoticed in an Ikea store.
This must have been appreciated
because it was identically reproduced
at an altitude of 4000 meters in the middle of nowhere,
measured in meters.
We measured three H-shape blocks
as the others were either too deteriorated or unreachable.
They were more readily available in 1892
when they were also measured using the metric system.
So here is the problem.
Because the meter is connected to the measurement of the Earth,
if pre-Inca people built this site,
then there are not many possibilities.
Either it is by chance
or pre-Inca people measured the Earth,
or this knowledge was given to them.
Whether it was deliberate or not, this meter is found elsewhere.
Let's go back to Egypt.
[tape rewinding then stopping]
This inscription would have been carved
at the entrance of the Plato Academy
but it could as well have been carved
at the entrance to the Great Pyramid.
Egyptians were taking measurements in cubits
and the original dimensions of the Great Pyramid
including its cladding, dimensions everybody agrees on,
are 440 cubits at the base,
and 280 cubits in height.
In 1859, the Englishman John Taylor
noticed that this dimension here, divided by this one, would give Pi.
Egyptologists certify that the Egyptians
only had a very basic knowledge of mathematics
and that they did not know about Pi
nor about the Golden Ratio.
The High Chamber, however is built on a double square
which leads us to the Golden Ratio geometry.
I know, numbers and mathematics don't fascinate many people
but if I, who slept during math class, manage to understand,
it can't be as difficult as it seems.
First of all, let's introduce quickly the Golden Ratio
to those of you who do no know it.
you will actually find a lot of videos on the Internet
that will explain it in detail.
It is the Italian Leonardo Pisano that publicized
in the 13th century, the Fibonacci sequence,
where each number divided by the previous one
results in a number that progressively approaches 1,618.
It is a number, and more precisely a ratio between 2 numbers
that is endless, just like Pi.
but with amazing mathematical properties.
[suspenseful dramatic music]
No need to remember all that.
All you need to know is the logic.
Since it is a ratio system
we will use its variations, even its square root
which is equal to 1,272.
If it has been called the "divine proportion",
it is precisely because we may observe it
statistically or in its average, just about everywhere around us
in the minerals through their angles,
in plants through the geometry of their leaves,
the distribution of seeds,
amongst animals and Man, like Da Vinci showed us,
or again in the arts, where it would represent harmony.
Building when using the geometry of the Golden Ratio
means attempting to imitate Nature,
or to reproduce what we may perceive.
Do keep these numbers in mind
as they will cross our path again.
In order to take measurements, one needs a reference:
the meter, or the yard, for example.
In Egypt, they used the cubit
which actually varied, according to some.
But in the Great Pyramid, its value can be obtained with great certainty
since the High Chamber is made of precisely assembled granite.
The value obtained through the measurements of this room
varies between 0,5235 and 0,5236,
or 52 centimeters 3 millimeters and 5 or 6 tenths of a millimeter.
It is the Royal Cubit, used in the Great Pyramid.
But then, although these builders didn't know about the "meter”,
their cubit is by some miracle connected to it.
As the Frenchman Funk Hellet demonstrated in 1956,
it can be obtained easily through geometry.
This dimension is 1. No unit, just 1.
The length of the circle is this dimension times Pi.
So there we have Pi.
We divide the circle into 6 parts.
Each part equals 0,5236.
And what we have left equals 2,618,
which is the Golden Ratio squared.
These 3 numbers are connected by this circle,
which has a diameter of 1.
I went and talked to a man who's on the field
who has been working with ancient measurements for decades.
If I want to measure this circle, I will need a measuring unit.
Let's take the Yard.
So this dimension equals 1 yard
and this one here 0.5236 yards
It does not correspond to anything in particular.
On the other hand, if we choose the meter;
then this dimension equals 0.5236 meters,
which is the value of the royal cubit of the Great Pyramid.
This can only be sheer luck as the meter was adopted in 1795
after the Earth was measured.
Sheer luck added to sheer luck
with simple shapes, our builders
also got the geometry of the Golden Ratio
without even seeing it.
Let's take now the measurements of the Great Pyramid in meters.
Thanks to its proportion, if we divide this by that,
whichever measuring unit we chose to use,
the result will be Pi.
But if we choose the meter,
this dimension divided by this one equals Pi.
But this dimension minus this one equals Pi x 100,
which only works with the meter.
Same dimensions, a division and a subtraction.
In regard to the High Chamber,
amongst all the possible choices of shapes,
they chose by chance, a double square
opening the door to a geometry
they were not supposed to know about.
The geometry of the Golden Ratio.
Then, to build this Chamber,
over all of possible choices in dimensions,
the builders chose 10 by 20 cubits.
This dimension here is Pi times 10 meters,
and this is only possible in meters.
This dimension here plus 2,618 meters equals this dimension.
This dimension plus 2,618 meters equals this dimension.
Plus 2,618, it is this dimension.
It can only happen because the room measures 10 by 20 cubits.
If it had been 9 times 18, or 11 times 22,
we would have had the Golden Ratio or Pi in proportion,
but not in meters.
All of this makes no sense, since, as I told you,
the meter was set in 1795.
Something is not right.
Need a break?
In a book on the Golden Ratio, we learn that, in the Middle Ages
builders of Churches and Cathedrals also used the cubit
which belongs to a measuring system called the Quine.
Which means it is in proportion with the Golden Ratio.
Look how its all arranging itself ingenuously around a pentagon
so dear to the French Companions.
Amongst all these different cubits in the Middle Ages,
one is very particular.
the Royal Cubit, carrying the same value as the cubit
of the Great Pyramid.
but where does this medieval cubit come from?
Which means that this cubit was imposed by royalty,
who, more than 3500 years
after the building of the Great Pyramid,
would have, by chance,
run into the same unit of measurement.
A surprising choice that we can't explain.
Exactly 20 cm,
Which is surprising, since the span was widely established
prior to the meter.
By the way, how was the meter established?
It was in 1795,
in relation to the meridional circumference of our planet,
which means in relation to a circle
that goes round the Earth, via the poles.
It was decided that this circle would be divided
into 40 million parts, or 40 million meters
which then gave the length of the meter as we know it today.
If, instead of 40 million,
the circle had been divided into 50 million parts,
the meter would have been shorter by about 20 cm.
I then wondered,
"but why was it divided into 40 million parts"?
Why not 36 million, which would have been logical
since we divide a circle into 360°?
I did not find any response.
What did surprise me, was that this choice of 40 million
has surprising consequences.
But, before we discuss that,
let's talk with Frenchman Quentin Leplat
who wanted to statistically verify the presence of the meter
by measuring all the churches' doors within a specific region.
Obviously, some will say that these medieval builders
were not thinking "meters" but "spans"
and that we should not read 1 meter, but 5 spans.
Maybe, but when we put all these facts back in order,
we realize what History is usually asking us to adhere to.
The fact that the builders of the Great Pyramid
may have, by chance and without knowing it,
discovered a value of the cubit connected with Pi,
the Golden Ratio and, later, the meter.
That, in the Middle Ages, and at the initiative of royalty,
medieval builders, by sheer luck, may have implemented
the same royal cubit as the builders of the Great Pyramid.
That, centuries later, by chance
one decided to divide the circumference of the Earth
into 40 million parts
which would have given, still by chance,
a value of the meter equal to 5 spans,
and a royal cubit equal to Pi divided by 6.
And when we chose the meter,
nobody realized that 5 spans
equalled precisely 1 meter.
By chance.
I don't know about you but for me, it does not add-up.
Unless one is an unconditional believer in chance
would it not be more rational to imagine
that the person who suggested to divide
the circumference of Earth into 40 million parts
actually knew what he was doing?
And that, as surprising as it might sound,
be a discrete and long multi millennial transmission chain?
Because, what we also see
is that the choice to divide the circumference of the Earth
into 40 million parts
means that the diameter of our planet
almost equals the square root of the Golden Ratio.
[wondrous music]
In any case, based on facts
the Royal Cubit, Pi, the Golden Ratio and the meter
are all connected.
Everyone is free to verify this, or to believe what they want.
Because what we believe influences what we see.
Such is the case when facing certain surprising objects from the past.
On this site, about 4500 years old,
one may find these alabaster tanks.
And this second model, a bit different.
[mysterious music]
We are told these tanks were used during sacrifices
to collect the blood of the victims.
They look more like filling holes rather than evacuation holes
since they are raised, but what for?
These peculiar objects lead us to believe
that they might have more of a technical function
rather than a religious or ritualistic one.
[soaring music]
This green schist discus
with a diameter of about 60 cm
was discovered in 1937 in the tomb of a prince
who lived about 5000 years ago.
We know this was a valuable object for him
since he decided to be buried with it.
However, 80 years after its discovery
we still have no idea what its use may have been.
It was therefore put away in the catch-all box
of "religious or decorative objects”
along with all other elements that we do not understand.
Yet, looking at the precision of its shape
we feel there is more to it.
Its central hub also seems like it is intended to rotate.
But there is no proof it has a technical function.
On the other hand there's absolutely no doubt
about the nature of the object that follows.
It represents, at least 2000 years later
the mechanical expression of the genius of the human spirit.
In the 50s, a physician rediscovered
in the Athens museum, this misunderstood fragment
coming from the shipwreck of a boat that sank about 20 centuries ago.
Convinced of its importance,
he spent the rest of his life studying it
but he died 20 years before technology confirmed his intuition
when the object was scanned slice by slice
in its depth.
[heart beating]
This represents the skies at a given time
or to determine a date from a specific pattern in the skies.
It models all the movements of the visible planets
of the sun and the moon and in a single movement,
turning the crank,
one will rotate the skies up to where one wants them to be.
It is a perpetual mechanism.
It carries no less than 300 gears and toothed parts.
To design it,
the inventors needed necessarily to know that the Earth is a sphere
and that the stars rotate around the sun.
They knew precisely the cycles of each of the planets
including the issue of the offset
between the lunar and solar calendars
identified by the Greek Meton.
A calculation that would be fine-tuned
a century later, by Calipe de Cyzique.
On Mathias Buttet's initiative
the Hublot society decided to reproduce this device.
But the first time Mathias heard about it
he thought it was a joke.
As for the level of mathematics required,
it is stupefying,
as the Antykithera mechanism involves
complex differential movements.
The orbit of the moon around the Earth is not circular
but elliptic which gives it, from the Earth
a variable speed.
This is complicated to reproduce
as the gears generate constant circular movements.
To this knowledge,
you have to add the mastery in the fabrication of the gears.
What they might not dare to say in front of the camera
in fear of upsetting some archaeologists
is the level of mathematics required to design such a mechanism
far beyond what is usually attributed to the ancient Greeks.
Otherwise they would have needed thousands of prototypes
to reach such a precise result.
Yes, because, in practice
it is way more complicated than it looks.
Let's take the main wheel which carries 223 teeth.
how do you easily break down a circle into 223 equal parts?
Now, with the knowledge of this device
some Greek scriptures sound different.
If one needed proof
that tools or machines did not survive the test of time,
this mechanism gives us something to think about.
It was only 2000 years ago.
Egypt is 5000 years ago.
And the device would still work had it not remained underwater.
How could a major episode in the history of human engineering
have been lost from our History?
That the device was lost is one thing
but that the very idea of its existence be lost
is even more surprising than this discovery
who was almost entirely overlooked by Archaeology.
Just before leaving Athens, go to the Acropolis.
I was not even surprised to see such walls.
Chance is indeed a persistent thing.
[plane beeps]
If the Antikythera mechanism forces us
to reconsider the evolution of human science and technology,
one archaeological site
completely disrupts the chronology of the settlements.
Its discovery is a live grenade.
You will see the problem.
The site of Gobekli Tepe was discovered in the 90s
by shepherds in Turkey.
[mysterious music]
At the heart of the enclosures, there are central pillars.
And this is where the problem starts.
According to History, this is prior to civilization
Something is not right. But it goes even further.
I had been trying for months to interview
one of the best researchers in the world on this matter,
the author of "Fingerprints of the Gods"
carefully documented and sourced,
that opened the way for a lot of people.
Graham Hancock came just at the right time.
he was going to give me the keys I was missing.
Here we have a giant megalithic site
much larger than Stonehenge, for example
which is 11 500 years old,
which appears suddenly in a community that, apparently
are entirely hunter-gatherers.
Where did they learn the skills to do this?
We don't see them practicing.
The oldest material at Gobekli Tepe is the best.
Did they wake up one morning
with some sort of magical inspiration
that enabled them to quarry and cut stone
to put up the world's first
perfectly North-South aligned building,
which requires astronomy?
Since we do wonder about the true purpose of the site...
One of its pillars raises the issue of agriculture.
In the usual chronology,
nomadic people would settle at one place
by becoming farmers and breeders
then they would specialize and then be able to build temples
Meanwhile, here it all happened in reverse.
Agriculture appears suddenly,
at the same moment that Gobekli Tepe appears.
Actually, when I spoke to the late Klaus Schmidt,
he found that Gobekli Tepe
had functioned as a center of innovation in that area.
That it was a place that people were drawn to and were taught skills
and this raises a question in my mind.
Who taught them the skills?
Because what I think we're looking at, at Gobekli Tepe,
the sudden emergence of megalithic architecture,
the sudden emergence of evolved agricultural knowledge,
it looks to me like a transfer of technology.
It looks to me like people came to that area
who already knew how to make megalithic architecture,
who already knew agriculture,
and who knew how to mobilise and organise work forces.
And they put that infrastructure into place there
and they passed on their skills in megalithic construction
and in agriculture
to the local hunter-gatherers that they had settled amongst.
So who were these people?
- One can see on the pillars
patterns similar to others around the planet.
- I don't know how much we should make up these connections.
But it's interesting to note, for example
that the Gobekli Tepe megaliths are tall pillars
sometimes weighing as much as 20 tons
with a kind of shape of a letter T.
The T-shape at the top of the pillar
represents a human head.
We can say this for sure
because many of the pillars have arms carved into the side,
and the hands meet in front of the belly.
The positioning of the hands of the Gobekli Tepe figures
is just identical to the positioning of the hands
on the Easter Island statues.
On this belt, is cut the letter,
a sign that we would recognize as the letter H.
And oddly enough,
that exact same H-shape, as you know
appears in the H blocks, at Tihuanaco.
There are certain creatures and animals
which are cut on the Gobekli Tepe megaliths
which are reproduced exactly in structures in Peru.
And I went into this in some depth in my book
"Magicians of the Gods".
- One can see baskets on one of the pillars.
This is also what attracted Graham Hancock's attention
since there are similar types of baskets
in the representations of the Mesopotamian god Oannes,
who is said to have brought civilization
to this part of the world.
A motif that we also find in Central-America
in the hand of a god, who will later be called Quetzalcoatl.
Also a transmitter of civilisation.
- What we are often seeing in these similarities
is what we would expect to see
if one culture on one side of the world
and another culture on the other side of the world
had both received a legacy from the same third party culture.
- How else can one explain these parallels?
And what about the sudden appearance
of this temple and agriculture, 12 000 years ago?
It is interesting to notice
that Gobekli Tepe curiously means "the hill of the navel".
Another one.
As Klaus Schmidt actually discovered,
this navel has been deliberately buried
which allowed for it to be precisely dated
11 600 years ago,
with a margin of error of about 150 years.
But why go the extra mile to build this site
for it later to be buried?
Would it be for it to be preserved?
We could think of it as a message, left for posterity.
We've noticed these 11 600 years
correspond to the brutal end of a time,
of intense terrestrial changes called the Younger Dryas.
As Earth was getting warmer
and was progressively coming out of the last ice age,
the temperature brutally fell by 7 degrees.
[Graham Hancock] This Younger Dryas episode
has for a long time been mysterious to geologists.
We know it happened
but they've not known why it happened.
- About 1 300 years later
the temperature climbed up again brutally by 10 degrees.
- There was a second episode of cataclysm
a second episode of global flooding.
Geologists call it Meltwater Pulse 1B.
- According to several scientific studies
these two events might have been due to comet impacts
hitting the Earth twice, 1 300 years apart,
creating cataclysms our ancestors might have witnessed.
- Every account that I'm aware of
that exists of a former human civilization
that was brought low by a cataclysm.
There are no exceptions.
- If large debris indeed hit our planet,
one can understand why people might be under the impression
they were enduring some divine retribution
This "impact" hypothesis is nowadays considered
as serious possibility by science
which has just published a full article about it in Nature magazine.
In the layer of the earth corresponding
to the beginning of the Younger Dryas period,
we found massive quantities of platinum
associated with Nano-diamonds and carbon spherules.
Minerals melted at a temperature of 2000 degrees
and vast quantities of ashes resulted from fires.
That may confirm the "impact" hypothesis
when nothing else can explain the cause of the Younger Dryas period.
We can constrain it to the period between
12 800 and 11 600 years ago.
[Narrator] Again, as stated by Graham Hancock,
we do have records.
Solon reported to Plato that the Atlantis sunk
9 000 years prior to his visit in Egypt.
in -600 before of our time,
or 11 600 years ago,
which coincides with the end of the Younger Dryas period.
We must not take literally all legends
but we must not dismiss them all either.
Let's talk about the legendary city of Kumari Kandam
of the Tamil people, in Southern India.
[mysterious music]
This very evolved civilization
may have occupied a vast extension of land
with massive libraries and universities.
However, 11 600 years ago
the date of the end of the Younger Dryas,
Kumari Kandam disappeared totally during a cataclysm.
Sea level has risen 120 meters.
More than 27 million square kilometers of land
which is roughly Europe and China added together
was above water
during the last ice age and is underwater now.
I would suggest that the civilization
we're dealing with was a maritime seafaring civilization,
that did occupy the very best lands
available in the ice age world.
And those very best lands, actually as is the case today,
were the coastal lands, lands close to the sea.
Those were the lands that were flooded
by rising sea levels at the end of the ice age.
- Local fishermen had been complaining for a long time
of underwater remnants in which their nets were getting caught
but nobody believed them.
They talked about it to Graham Hancock
who decided to go dive with them.
- We went out and dived at Mahabalipuram
with the local fishermen in 2002
and lo and behold, everything that they'd said was true.
There is an underwater city there.
and, what's more, it extends more than five kilometers from the shore,
down to depths of more than 30 meters.
- But during the 2004 tsunami when the ocean withdrew,
the bay was exposed for about 30 minutes.
[Graham Hancock] And many people saw the ruins.
[Narrator] Since then, the site is being studied.
[Hancock] But not investigating in a satisfactory manner.
They're still working in the intertidal zone,
down to a depth of 5 meters.
They should be out 5 kilometers from shore at 30 meters,
looking at what's lying down there.
because it has the potentiel to rewrite history,
Because we know from sea level studies that that area
has been underwater for about 11 500 years
exactly as is given in the Kumari Kandam story.
With time,
tales are often embellished, deformed, or disappear.
Is this the reason why Egyptian priests
engraved the history of Egypt on the walls of a temple?
- As my friend John Anthony West puts it,
the Ancient Egyptians are telling us very clearly
that their civilization was not a development.
It was a legacy.
It was a legacy from the first time
and the first time I associate with the arrival of the survivors
of a lost civilization in Egypt around 12 800 years ago.
And that story, as a matter of fact
is told in full detail in the Edfu building text.
The priests of that time, around 330 BC
had inherited the archives
of the earlier temples.
Amongst these archives,
written on animal skins, and falling into pieces
was the story of the time when the gods came to Egypt
after the destruction of their former homeland,
which was an island!
They came to Egypt and they brought the gifts of civilization,
and the priests decided to copy
those crumbling, ruined and ancient texts
and make them permanent on the walls of the Edfu temple.
- This is the story that was told to Solon
who came to Egypt to learn
like almost all the illustrious Greek wise men
who then communicated it to Plato.
For some, it is only a tale but it would be arrogant
to forget how illustrious Solon was,
a member of the 7 wisemen council.
Similar to Plato,
nowadays accused of being senile or a deceiver,
what he has to say does not correspond to what we believe
or what we would like to hear.
It is however, what is written on the walls of this temple.
Kumari Kandam, or the Antykithera mechanism
remind us to remain prudent.
Only one or two generations
are enough to wipe out the memory of a whole population.
How many other objects or texts
could have been lost in the same way?
We knew that, 13 000 years ago
our planet was subject to a major climate shift.
The ice caps melted in the northern territories.
A mass extinction occurred.
The level of the oceans rose by over a 100 meters.
And the cold came back and prevailed for 1 300 years.
However we cannot explain the brutal cause of it all.
We also know our ancestors lived through this event,
that it lead to migrations of entire populations
but we thought they were still only hunter-gatherers.
Gobekli Tepe reveals this was not the case.
From there, it is only a small step
to picture a level of development of civilisation
greater than what we thought.
We should not expect the remnants of that civilization
to be the same as our own.
They're going to be very different and may even be unrecognizable.
- As we have built over the quasi totality of the planet,
mined and drilled the underground in many places,
our civilization has left remnants everywhere.
But what if this civilization had evolved differently?
Although some believe all the common features between
these particular sites have some divine origin,
I personally cannot imagine they were built by the hand of a god.
Unless this god was small enough
to walk through the hallway of the Great Pyramid.
Others, on the contrary state that all these common features
are connected by the fact that Homo Sapiens
having settled everywhere on the planet,
found the same solutions to the same problems.
And, indeed, we can ironically appreciate the fact
that humankind started with precisely adjusted, massive stones
to end up with small blocks and cement.
But another connection defies this hypothesis,
both in time and in History.
In 1965, the French Ethnologist Francis Mazière
talked about a connection between Easter Island, Peru and Egypt,
stating that all three are located, according to him
on some sort of "magnetic equator" of the Earth.
In 1997, the American Jim Alison
baptized it "the great circle".
A great circle that was invisible
prior to having mapped the entire earth,
which is, as you will see, a huge problem.
[suspenseful music]
Let's go from Easter Island
taking a 30 degree orientation
and drawing a line about 100 kilometers wide.
[suspenseful music]
The strip passes through Nazca in Peru
then Machu Picchu, Ollantaytambo, Sacsayhuaman,
Cuzco and Naupa Iglesia.
It crosses the Atlantic to go over the sacred caves
at Tassili N'Ajjer in Algeria.
Then through the Oasis of Siwa.
By the Giza Pyramids in Egypt.
Over Petra in Jordan.
Ur in Irak.
Persepolis in Iran.
Mohenjo Dar in Pakistan.
Khajuraho in India.
Pyay in Burma. Sukhotai in Thailand.
Angkor Vat and Preah Vihear in Cambodia,
highly likely to be connected a long time ago.
Then over to the little known islands of Aneityum
in New Caledonia.
In this alignment,
we are not looking at the date of construction of the structures
as some are spread in time over many centuries
or thousands of years
but we are rather looking at their locations,
most of them being built and rebuilt
over the ruins of ancient temples.
[mystical music]
Let's first look at the distance ratio between some of these sites.
Let's look at the Earth from above.
The red circle that surrounds it is our Great Circle.
The distance between Angkor Vat and Nazca
equals the distance between Mohenjo Daro and Easter Island.
The distance between Angkor Vat and Mohenjo Daro
equals the distance of Mohenjo Daro between Giza
and also the distance between Nazca and Easter Island.
I believe that at this stage of the investigation,
no one will be surprised to see the Golden Ratio showing up again.
The distance Angkor Vat and Giza
times the Golden Ratio
equals the distance between Giza and Nazca
and the distance between Giza and Nazca
times the Golden Ratio
equals the distance between Nazca and Angkor Vat.
Using the metric system
in the same way we did with the Great Pyramid,
let's measure the distance between Easter Island and Giza.
10 000 times the Golden Ratio. Or again,
a quarter around the Earth times the Golden Ratio.
This is where Jim Alison stops
as like many other Anglo-Saxon researchers,
he measures distances in miles and not in meters.
Up until 2012,
Google Earth gave the figure of 16 179 km between both sites.
Today, it is 16 168 km.
Simple reason: the method of calculation has changed.
So, depending on the method used, the result can change.
But let's be serious.
Even with a difference of about 20 km,
to find an island positioned on this tilted equator
is nothing short of a miracle.
[mystical music]
Once we checked this distance on-site
with the "Maps" application for smartphones,
and taking the GPS coordinates of the Great Pyramid in Giza
as the starting point,
we were able to validate a new discovery by Jim Alison.
The point indicating precisely the 16 180 km
is located at the center of the triangle
created by 3 remarkable positions of this island,
the two highest summits, Terevaka and Poike
and the center of the crater
of Rano Kao.
And this triangle
is even more unique.
Both its sides are identical
and have an angle of 108 degrees.
It is the portion of the golden pentagon of the Companions,
connected to the Golden Ratio.
How is it possible?
It is quite obvious that the volcanoes were not "built".
[mysterious music]
And how to explain these 16 180 km between the sites
without relying once more on sheer luck?
It is very simple in fact.
the builders of Giza had to position this site
according to Easter Island
which they must have known about,
same as the metric system.
[mysterious music]
A private geologist, who is not seeking recognition
shared with me his surprising observations,
humbly thinking that he was not able to draw conclusions on his own.
First, he found that Easter Island
was located on a hot point of the Earth,
points that have the surprising particularity to remain fixed
while the Earth's crust is moving.
Which means that, millions of years ago,
there was no certainty that Easter Island
was located above this hot point.
Then, he realized that the alignment of he sites
on this great circle are located on what we call
"zones of discontinuity of the Earth's crust"
which means, simply said,
the equivalent of the junction of 2 stone blocks.
If shaken, this is where it will break.
There are obviously other zones of discontinuity
on the Earth's crust
but the important fact is that each site of this great circle
is located precisely over a discontinuity point.
This geologist could not explain
why one would have built temples at places
where they were the most at risk of collapsing,
when only a few kilometers away, it would have been much safer.
Worse, when the discontinuity point is at sea
then the site is built as close as possible to land,
which is the case for Nazca,
where the ocean and the Andes land formations
did not leave much choice in regards to its location.
Why confer such an importance to these discontinuity points?
The placement of sites around the world
at specific longitude distances from one another,
and those longitude distances are all part
of the ancient system of numbers
that we find in myths and traditions all around the world.
And that system of numbers are generated
by the precessional wobble of the Earth's axis.
It's a number system based on the number 72,
and there's an astonishing number
of ancient monuments around the world
that are precisely separated from one another
in terms of degrees of longitude by that number system.
- These sites are therefore located on a great circle
but not just any circle.
The North pole of this great circle is in Canada,
in the north west of British Columbia.
[mysterious music]
And this happens to be the place where the magnetic pole oscillates.
The pole, indicated by the compasses
is the one that enables life on earth.
It also generates a magnetic field that filters solar radiation,
enabling life and also allowing us to produce electricity.
Is this the reason Francis Mazière spoke of a "magnetic equator",
referring to ancient esoteric tradition?
Like any group of humans,
the world of esoterism is not free from ideological bias
but this is no reason to discard information
especially when it could resonate with modern science.
This late discovery
regarding the existence of the Earth's magnetic field
was made by the Englishman William Gilbert in 1600's.
Similar to that of another researcher, and it allowed me
to better understand the building of these ancient sites.
Ian S.Stewart, from the University of Plymouth
wondered why the ancient Greeks decided to build temples
precisely on spots subject to seismic activity.
Journalists jokingly wondered
whether Greeks worshipped some Earthquake cult.
You know, cults, gods,
all the folklore of our semi-naked ancestors.
[somber music]
For this researcher,
reasons could be both spiritual and perhaps medical,
since he realized these sites had pristine water sources.
I don't believe any of this has much to do with some ritualistic cult
at least not the way we think of them.
Ask for an expert in civil engineering.
A polygonal assemblage, therefore non-periodic
stands better against earthquakes than our modern walls
made of same size bricks.
Here again, on earthquake-prone sites,
they built earthquake-proof structures.
This is what I had already seen on the hill of the Nymphs, in Athens.
[epic music]
And on Easter Island, the site of Te Pito Kura,
navel of the world, this egg-shaped stone which is magnetic.
A lot of stones are magnetic.
you can check that with a compass.
But how do you know about it without a compass?
Is it yet again a coincidence if this sacred stone
is specifically magnetic
and set on a discontinuity point of the Earth's crust,
and even more, on a hot point?
Same thing in Giza
where the Great Pyramid is located
over a remarkable point of the Earth's crust,
where they built the high chamber with granite slabs
that they had to get painstakingly from about 900 km away.
One can keep thinking
the only reason for this structure's existence
was to glorify God and its earthly representative
the despotic and megalomaniac Kheops.
You can think what you wish.
What can we learn from all of this?
That these sites are built
in the most earthquake-sensitive areas
in regard to the geological activity of our planet.
That they belong to the Great Circle,
our magnetic equator,
which might be related to the magnetic activity of our planet.
That we carefully place specific stones
in particular locations on the Earth.
- The separation in degrees of longitude
between Giza and Angkor is 72.
- Which is yet another way to talk about the proportions
between these sites of the Great Circle.
But after discovering the Golden Ratio and the metric system,
we go into degrees.
Unless this is by chance, again,
that we run into whole numbers when measuring degrees
between Giza and Angkor Vat.
[epic music]
Nothing in common at first glance, right?
But are you sure you saw everything?
Take this, for example.
Polygonal shape of stones.
[percussive music]
Shape of the paving stones.
A specific system of anchoring of the stones.
And even symmetries.
[percussive music continues]
The stones are not particularly large,
and their work closely resembles European cathedrals.
If Angkor Wat, Ta Prohm or Bayon
are indeed dated back to the Middle Ages,
they do seem to be inspired by the same style
as in Peru, Easter Island or Egypt.
The question is more in regards to their location
as these temples were built on the ruins of an ancient complex.
and spread over almost 250 square kilometers.
- Even the name "Angkor" has a meaning
in the Ancient Egyptian language.
Angkor means "Life to the Horus"
Archeologists say it's all a coincidence but I wonder
if something deeper is going on.
Some deeper game.
They all share this common DNA,
this common legacy that goes right back to the beginning.
- Graham Hancock and John Grigsby demonstrated in 1998
that the whole of the site
was also positioned according to the stars,
on the constellation of the dragon.
This is another common point
to all the archaeological sites of our past
to reflect a specific position of the skies at a given time.
- Gobekli Tepe encodes the winter solstice
12 800 years ago.
Giza encodes the equinox 12 800 years ago
The three pyramids on the ground,
the great Sphinx, the constellation of Leo,
Orion, the Milky Way, they're all part of the picture.
Mathieu Laveau and Georges Vermard
also got interested in the connection
between the site of Giza and the Orion constellation,
same as Robert Bauval.
- 10 500 years prior to our era,
or 12 500 years ago,
a time relatively close to the beginning
of the Younger Dryas period.
Graham Hancock mentioned an astronomical cycle of the Earth
called precession of the equinoxes.
The reason why one refers to equinoxes and constellations.
As explained by Mathieu Laveau regarding Giza,
these constellations, once transferred to the ground,
would work as time stamps
But what is the precession of the equinoxes?
In reality, with respect to the Earth,
stars are not fixed over time.
the sky looks like it is moving on whole of 1° every 72 years.
and you will need almost 26 000 years for a whole circle.
One turn of the Celestial Wheel.
It is called a Zodiac.
[mysterious music]
To find our way in this zodiac
we connect the stars together, which creates shapes,
which then permits us to easily identify
these periods in the sky.
This is a gigantic astronomical clock
that never goes wrong.
As per Plato, a tour of the zodiac
lasts precisely 25 920 years.
Modern science establishes it at 25 760 years.
That Plato managed
to obtain such a close estimate, 2500 years ago,
is an enigma that does not seem to interest anyone.
Let's give him credit
and let's take the value of 25 920 years,
Which represents a "big year", divided into 12 months, or eras,
each lasting about 2 160 years.
When talking about the modern era,
it is probably in relation to the era of the Pisces
which started about 2000 years ago.
See our famous fishermen in Catholicism.
And consider this: each of the precessional eras
is carefully represented on the ancient sites.
- There's no doubt the Ancients paid attention to those.
During the age of Taurus, the bull
was the primary icon in Ancient Egypt
and in Ancient Mesopotamia.
As we shift into the age of Aries
suddenly rams become the primary icon
Just look at that column of ram-headed sphinxes
at Karnak, for example,
As we shift again into the age of Pisces,
suddenly, it's the fish.
The early Christians used the fish as their symbol.
So ancient cultures were aware of this
and these broad changes in the heavens
do seem to be accompanied by broad changes on Earth.
- According to ancient myths and beliefs of various people,
Earth fits into cycles.
The most famous being that of the Mayan suns
or that of the 4 ages of the Earth.
As per the doctrine of Hermeticism the science of Hermes,
which despite bearing the name of a Greek God,
actually dates back to ancient Egypt.
So it is a question of cycles or periods of time.
Throughout history,
the end of Time has often been mentioned.
but more in reference to the end of "a" time.
The end of a precessional era.
Was this what French writer André Malraux was referring to when saying
"The 21st century shall be spiritual, or won't be at all"?
But what is the importance of the procession of the equinoxes?
For us, I do not know. But for them, it was important.
They were convinced that the planets,
the gods often representing these planets,
had an influence on the destiny of humankind.
The idea of the planet-gods is evident in Ancient Greece,
where the Antykithera Mechanism,
which allows to establish with stupefying precision
the position of our stars,
could have a new meaning?
But if Aries and Taurus are indeed marking correctly
the corresponding astronomical eras,
what is to be said about the Sphinx in Giza, connected to the Lion?
The previous era of the Lion started indeed about 13 000 years ago
just before the beginning of the Younger Dryas period.
It was at the time
when I was wondering about the meaning of all of this
that the results came back from Barabar.
We had indeed decided to go back there for a very short time
with a 3D scanner and someone to operate it.
A sound level meter for acoustic studies,
a laser level to measure horizontality, verticality,
and to check the regularity of the curves.
[mysterious humming]
The images you will see are the result of 3D scans
done by a laser rotating double-beam all over the surfaces.
They are the equivalent of an MRI.
The impacts of the lasers determine millions of points
allowing to later recreate volumes with a precision to the millimeter
and to obtain tri-dimensional pictures
which I will show you in raw form, with no touch-up.
Let's start with the two unfinished caves.
[intriguing ambiance]
Then on to the completed caves.
We can see a logical evolution of the shapes.
The first one is a trapeze-shaped cave
with a vaulted ceiling,
entryway in its width.
[intriguing ambiance]
The second one is trapeze-shaped with a vaulted ceiling,
entryway in its length.
[intriguing ambiance]
The third one is entirely vaulted, entryway in its width
and the back wall is curved.
[intriguing ambiance]
The fourth one is trapeze-shaped with a vaulted ceiling,
entryway in its length,
curved at each of its extremities.
[intriguing ambiance]
The fifth one is the most complex,
trapeze-shaped with a vaulted ceiling,
hemisphere over a cylinder, truncated at one end.
[intriguing ambiance]
This is what was accomplished in granite about 2 300 years ago,
in India.
These caves are the oldest of their kind in India
and for some unknown reason
all those built in the centuries that followed never managed
the same level of precision and finish once constructed.
Using material harder than reinforced steel,
complex shapes were built with a degree of precision
ranging from 2 to 8 millimeters
over a length often exceeding 13 meters.
this is more than a "good enough for the eye" work.
These caves are the most vertically symmetrical,
a real accomplishment, given the available means at the time.
Let us put aside the question about the tools
that enabled the constructions of the caves
under such conditions and discuss the geometry of the shapes.
Vapiyaka,
Karan Chopar,
Gopika
and the Sudama room all contain trapezoidal sections.
The vertical walls are in fact slightly tilted
with a constant angle of less than three degrees.
In these rooms with trapezoidal sections
we place portions of cylinders in the form of arcs
whose central axe height varies from one cave to the other.
In Vapiyaka,
the axe is located approximately 13 cm over the floor.
In Karan Chopar,
the axis is located approximately 1,20 m over the floor.
In the room in Sudama,
the axis is located approximately 1,10 m over the floor.
But in Gopika, it is more complicated
since the axe is located approximately 47 cm under the floor.
Building an arc whose axis is located 47 cm under the floor
greatly complicates measurements during its construction.
A requirement to verify proper curvature.
Nothing mandates that arcs be made from portions of cylinders
unless this is explicitly required.
And everything is done with a glass finish.
Let us simplify things.
We do not aim for such precision for no reason.
In the case of the caves,
it must have been a necessary part of the architectural specifications.
Construction plans with such precise dimensions had a specific reason,
all which enlightens us about the knowledge and the skills
required for their execution,
which would have required at least one engineer
and several highly skilled laborers during construction.
Something that appears quite advanced
with respect to the knowledge
and the technical means available during the Ashoka period,
indicated by the quality in the realization of the porch
and the inscriptions on certain caves.
OK, but why construct such peculiar rooms?
Something surprising about the caves is the sound,
and the way it propagates due to the slight inclination of the walls,
which leads to a suppression of echo
in favor of acoustic resonance.
If it is not an extraordinary coincidence,
which is likely when confronted with the evidence,
then where can the preliminary tests
leading to such degree of expertise be found?
Once again, like with the Antikythera mechanism,
it was necessary to experiment, to conceive prototypes.
Caves of such precisions are not conceivable without prior tests.
Yet no prototype is found anywhere
other than these two incomplete caves.
And the work performed in the following centuries in India
would never equal, or come close to the level of these masterpieces.
These spaces behave like resonance chambers.
Tests conducted in the Sudama cave
show that when one is placed in the center of the dome,
certain frequencies make precise parts of the organism vibrate.
But Let's be more concrete. Data analysis using a sonometer
yields incredible results for three of the caves.
Measurements taken in the last two
are not sufficient at the moment and will need further completion.
Let us start by Karan Chopar.
This cave resonates at a frequency of 200 Hz
as well as at multiples of this frequency:
400 Hz, 800 Hz, 1000 Hz and 1200 Hz.
Gopika resonates at 200 Hz
400 Hz, 800 Hz and 1200 hz.
And Vadathika resonates at 200 Hz and 1000 Hz.
[loud thud]
Are you aware of the implications?
Those who conceived and built these three caves
ith their specific shapes and dimensions
knew that they would resonate at these frequencies.
Can we attribute this to mere coincidence?
Precise frequency calculations, 2300 years ago.
Since these three shapes resonate at precise frequencies,
how can we know it before making them?
How to calculate their dimensions?
In regards to Sudama,
the circular diameter on the ground of the chamber
measures 6 meters, to the millimieter.
On this complex shape of truncated cone
they placed half a sphere of about 3 meters in diameter
with a 5cm difference this time,
whose center is 1 meter above the ground,
give or take 1 cm.
No, I won't sell you the meter over other measuring units
but, recurrent luck or a hint from the builders,
this circle is about 6 meters in diameter
or Pi in royal cubits in diameter.
Divided by 6,
the arc equals Pi in meters.
[mysterious music]
What if I told you these granite caves are also located
ver a discontinuity point of Earth's crust?
It is up to each of you to conclude what you want
in regard to these masterpieces.
That with the help of chisels and good will
builders might have accomplished this useless miracle
or maybe we are indeed facing
the illustration of a science totally unknown to us.
Ritualistic or religious reason
or remnants of a science misunderstood and forgotten?
I believe we have greatly mistaken
about the true function of these sacred temples
of our past.
If one spends so much energy maneuvering such massive stones.
Of one adjusts and fits them so precisely.
Of one positions them
at the intersections of the magnetic equator
with discontinuity points.
If one builds them with such unique rocks.
If one uses such special numbers.
If one meticulously orients the structures with the stars,
it is obviously because there is more to it.
We still have a lot to learn from Barabar and Giza.
I am sure.
[hopeful music]
Before placing the last and necessary piece of this puzzle
I will restate what we have thus found.
Enigmatic ancient sites
built according to similar techniques
everywhere on the planet implying a transmission of knowledge.
Absence of archives or explanations
about the means and techniques utilized.
A particular care in the choice of rocks.
Unfinished elements.
[mysterious music]
An advanced design accompanied by a precise construction
contrary to the knowledge and simple means
supposedly used at the time.
Astronomical orientation of major sites
in reference to the precession of the equinoxes.
An archaeological site pushing back the certainty
of the beginnings of human sedentarization
to the start of the last era
of brutal climate changes of our planet, about 13 000 years ago.
An archaeological site implying the use of sound frequencies
for reasons still unknown.
Presence of the Golden Ratio geometry
opposing the knowledge commonly attributed at the time
A connection between the cubit of the Great Pyramid,
the royal Quine and the meter.
implying a knowledge of the dimensions of the Earth
before its measurement in 1795
and its transmission throughout the ages.
The positioning of ancient sites within a geometric planetary frame
connected to the Golden Ratio,
the dregrees and the metric system.
The location of sites at the intersection of points
of discontinuity of Earth's crust
and the magnetic equator.
Scriptures, myths or sacred texts mentioning one
or more advanced civilisations vanishing
confirmed at various places by the discovery of remains.
Facing all these facts and connections,
I put forward that instead of chance, I choose
what seems to be the most rational explanation.
The existence of a very advanced civilisation in the past
who would have disappeared following a cataclysm.
I have wondered how it could have transmitted its knowledge
through a unique way to see the world.
not knowing whether it could be
understood by other civilizations after it.
And it appeared to me, in all its splendor.
So, "genius builders” or "fruit of our imagination"?
[epic music]
In the Apocalypse according to St John,
the prophetic text ending the New Testament of the Christians,
he mentions the end of a particular era.
One may read this rather enigmatic sentence.
On a card of the Marseille tarot, the arcane 21, called "The World"
one may find these 3 animals
as well as the man, represented by an angel.
We are told about astronomical constellations.
Taurus, Lion, Scorpio that used to be the Eagle,
and Aquarius, formerly the angel.
Aldebaraan, Regulus, Antares and Fomalhaut.
The Fixed Cross of the Elders.
Printed in a double square on the Tarot card.
A double square opening to the Golden Ratio geometry.
Contrary to popular belief,
"apocalypse" in Greek does not mean "the end of the world"
but "disclosure of knowledge".
A religious scripture, a card game, structures
Multiple communication mediums
conveying the same invisible knowledge
to those who don't know how to read it,
But will keep playing it and telling stories
since this is the way humans are.
In the animal kingdom which we belong to,
game has always been the best learning aide.
Similar to the stories that we are told
and are sometimes teaching us, without even seeming to.
[mysterious music]
This type of transmission
would have more chance to hide from the various powers
that inevitably appeared on our planet,
with the disturbing habit to try and rewrite the past,
to better justify their domineering position.
But they will always let people play and tell tales.
Even the almighty Church
with its tetramorph supposedly representing the 4 evangelists
Mathew, Mark, Luke and John
would not have seen anything.
[mysterious music]
Otherwise why would it reverse the Lion and the Taurus?
It may have all been laid before our eyes
everywhere all the time, and since the beginning.
Ways to transmit, throughout thousands of years
information impossible to understand
before reaching a certain level of development.
What an extraordinary act of wisdom provided by these builders.
And what an extraordinary lesson of humility
and self-sacrifice from these humble people
who discreetly transmitted this precious information
throughout time
for the time when we will be able to understand it again.
Given what we can see regarding these complex structures,
it appears that we are still very far away
from reaching their level of knowledge
and simplicity in expression,
which I find is truly genius.
Which makes it impossible to comprehend to the eyes of those
who see without seeing and have no other choice than to giggle,
For with the caves at Barabar,
the sound and science of frequencies
comes into play through the front door.
The one, open but not understood
of the High Chamber of the Great Pyramid at Giza,
also made of granite,
seemingly a concentration of all of our ancestors' knowledge.
This prodigious High Chamber
protected by such an inefficient security system
that considering their high level of technical mastery
we could only see as symbolic.
A system that would lead one to expect a precious treasure
But there is nothing more than an austere granite trunk
too big to pass through the door and the hallways.
Why?
The ritualistic or religious explanation
prevents further thinking.
However after all that we have seen
its significance is self evident.
This chamber contains the ultimate treasure.
The treasure of knowledge.
It's a sublime mathematical symphony.
The true music of the spheres,
written in the universal language of the numbers,
creating the invisible frame of our world.
[ominous music]
For the few experiences I could have in this chamber
the sound seems to play an important role.
The spectral audio analysis
performed on the voice recording data in this room
exhibits a set a frequences sensibly equal
to that found in the three first caves of Barabar.
It is possible it consists, as in Barabar,
of the ancient musical skill, based on 432 Hz.
But all requires further analysis
with more sophisticated material.
But what if I suspect is proving
the perspectives are mind-blowing.
This debauchery of technical prowess
accomplished all around our planet,
in specific locations that can only be determined with certainty
with the help of an elaborate scientific knowledge,
all these clues left everywhere around us
represent in my eyes,
the indisputable trace of these builders.
[epic music]
These builders, whose recollection
seems to be lost in the memory,
but whose footprints, left in stone, are more than eloquent.
These footprints, we also find in scriptures.
To the readers of the Koran,
I wish to dedicate this sentence.
And to those reading the Bible, this one.
For the site of Gobekli Tepe does not cry out.
It screams. And it is not the only one.
[ominous music]
If we exclude from the equations the disrupting elements,
then one will not find what one is looking for.
It is the same thing when an archaeologist
who does not believe in the existence
of sophisticated mechanical tools in the past
does not see the point in measuring a surface
with the roughness-measuring device or to scan it in 3D.
If he is already convinced
that it is the by-product of basic tools
then why bother checking?
This goes against the true scientific approach
which, since Descartes,
needs to wipe the slate clean
of assumptions and prejudice.
At the end of the 18th century
a scientist as brilliant as Lavoisier
was smiling at the fact
that stones might be able to fall from the sky.
A few decades before the existence of meteorites was proven.
So be let's be prudent.
since tomorrow's science will probably
shatter today's convictions.
The hypothesis of a lost civilisation is disruptive.
Most of the time it is ridiculed and those who defend this theory
as serious as they might be, are ignored,
which prevents us from discussing their arguments.
As educated as one may be,
no one is exempt from their own prejudice and emotions
otherwise, how would we explain that such a hypothesis
could bother us so much?
For this reason, I wanted to pay respect to all these researchers
who are fighting silently away from all of the media's chaos
and mockeries of their colleagues
Because in the end only the facts count.
In summary what I am trying to say
is that we will most likely need to change our way of thinking
if we want to understand the science
of these builders of the ancient world.
I know it is not easy to reconsider
the founding principles of our society,
on which we have built our current vision of the world.
Yet all these kings, emperors, dictators,
political leaders and religious heads
throughout our history have each time arranged the stories,
erased the records of the losers
and surely wiped out or rewritten the past
in order to legitimize their power.
[epic music]
But the structures from the past are speaking to us
if we deign listen to them.
The city of Caral shows it is possible
to live a long period in time without any conflict.
Ancient Egypt also, since it did not start any expansion wars.
The Inca Empire again, who showed us that
if all the people were not properly integrated
in the respect of their identity
and not by force, sooner or later, conflict would ensue.
Our Earth also, is perhaps speaking to us.
Our magnetic pole has sped up its pace in the last 30 years
and one would need to be blind
not to see that our climate is disrupted.
The ground is rumbling more often and more loudly.
We still have so much to discover
it is now up to you to go and see these sites.
Wake up!
[whooshing]
[mysterious music]