1
00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:07,000
Downloaded from
YTS.MX
2
00:00:08,000 --> 00:00:13,000
Official YIFY movies site:
YTS.MX
3
00:00:17,680 --> 00:00:18,940
Peter: I'll never forget that
4
00:00:19,040 --> 00:00:21,100
first meeting with Stephen
5
00:00:21,200 --> 00:00:24,920
in the parking lot of
the Holiday Inn in Chicago.
6
00:00:26,840 --> 00:00:30,020
A small compact car kind of
pulled into the parking lot.
7
00:00:30,120 --> 00:00:32,780
Someone got out,
went back to the trunk
8
00:00:32,880 --> 00:00:35,580
and took out this
collapsible wheelchair.
9
00:00:35,680 --> 00:00:38,340
Suddenly, this wheelchair
kind of spun to life,
10
00:00:38,440 --> 00:00:40,820
spun around literally
did a 360
11
00:00:40,920 --> 00:00:43,140
and took off across
the parking lot.
12
00:00:43,240 --> 00:00:46,740
I guess I opened my door at that
point and this young man said
13
00:00:46,840 --> 00:00:48,540
"Uh, Peter Guzzardi,
is-- is that you?"
14
00:00:48,640 --> 00:00:51,060
"Is that Peter Guzzardi?"
And I said, "Yes, it's me."
15
00:00:51,160 --> 00:00:53,980
And he said, "Well,
that's Professor Hawking."
16
00:00:54,080 --> 00:00:56,600
"And we've gotta go,
we've gotta go after him."
17
00:01:03,240 --> 00:01:05,420
So, I-- I start
to blather a little bit.
18
00:01:05,520 --> 00:01:08,020
It's like, "How are you
Professor Hawking?"
19
00:01:08,120 --> 00:01:09,540
"It's wonderful to meet you."
20
00:01:09,640 --> 00:01:12,780
And then there was
this-- this kind of silence.
21
00:01:12,880 --> 00:01:17,300
Stephen Started
to emit sounds
22
00:01:17,400 --> 00:01:20,660
and the graduate student
translated.
23
00:01:20,760 --> 00:01:24,380
What-- what this young man
said to me was,
24
00:01:24,480 --> 00:01:27,340
"Where's the contract?"
25
00:01:27,440 --> 00:01:31,940
All that came to mind was,
you know, like, "Uh-oh!"
26
00:01:32,040 --> 00:01:34,980
This is not gonna be easy.
27
00:01:35,080 --> 00:01:36,940
The book about scientific theory
28
00:01:37,040 --> 00:01:39,260
has been a top best seller.
29
00:01:39,360 --> 00:01:40,780
Woman on TV: It's called
"A Brief History Of Time"
30
00:01:40,880 --> 00:01:42,540
and it was written by
a remarkable scientist
31
00:01:42,640 --> 00:01:44,780
named Stephen Hawking.
32
00:01:44,880 --> 00:01:47,060
Man on TV: The man
often compared to Galileo,
33
00:01:47,160 --> 00:01:49,160
Einstein and Newton.
34
00:01:50,240 --> 00:01:54,140
Peter: Stephen really
was this strong willed man
35
00:01:54,240 --> 00:01:56,060
who was singularly focused
36
00:01:56,160 --> 00:01:58,420
on what he wanted to accomplish
37
00:01:58,520 --> 00:02:01,580
and was gonna move
Heaven and Earth to do it.
38
00:02:01,680 --> 00:02:04,580
Soon it will have
been in the best seller list
39
00:02:04,680 --> 00:02:07,800
longer than any other
book in history.
40
00:02:09,480 --> 00:02:11,860
Lucy: Who knows
what else he would have done.
41
00:02:11,960 --> 00:02:13,740
What else would he have
achieved if he hadn't had
42
00:02:13,840 --> 00:02:15,840
motor neurone disease.
43
00:02:16,560 --> 00:02:19,260
All the time
I knew my father...
44
00:02:19,360 --> 00:02:22,980
he was 24 hours off dying.
45
00:02:23,080 --> 00:02:27,400
Um, the fact that it didn't
happen is a miracle.
46
00:02:38,200 --> 00:02:40,600
Stephen: Can you hear me?
47
00:02:42,600 --> 00:02:46,400
I was 20 in October 1962.
48
00:02:49,240 --> 00:02:53,600
I had moved to Cambridge
to undertake my Ph.D.
49
00:02:55,440 --> 00:02:58,980
It was a very cold winter
and my mother persuaded me
50
00:02:59,080 --> 00:03:02,840
to go skating on
the lake in St. Albans.
51
00:03:04,360 --> 00:03:07,180
I fell over and had
great difficulty
52
00:03:07,280 --> 00:03:09,400
getting up again.
53
00:03:12,960 --> 00:03:15,340
My mother realised
something was wrong
54
00:03:15,440 --> 00:03:18,220
and took me to the doctor.
55
00:03:18,320 --> 00:03:20,180
Mary: Stephen was first
diagnosed
56
00:03:20,280 --> 00:03:21,740
with the motor neurone disease
57
00:03:21,840 --> 00:03:24,940
shortly after
his 21st birthday.
58
00:03:25,040 --> 00:03:28,780
Stephen ended up
in St. Bartholomew's hospital
59
00:03:28,880 --> 00:03:30,340
where I was...
60
00:03:30,440 --> 00:03:32,840
a pre clinical student.
61
00:03:35,560 --> 00:03:40,580
The prognosis he was given was
a maximum of three years
62
00:03:40,680 --> 00:03:44,300
with a rapid deterioration
before then.
63
00:03:44,400 --> 00:03:47,180
Stephen: At first
I became depressed.
64
00:03:47,280 --> 00:03:51,540
There didn't seem any point
working on my Ph.D.
65
00:03:51,640 --> 00:03:53,540
because I didn't know
if I would
66
00:03:53,640 --> 00:03:56,520
live long enough to finish it.
67
00:03:57,840 --> 00:03:59,140
Ammar: Professor Hawking
was diagnosed
68
00:03:59,240 --> 00:04:00,860
in the early 1960's.
69
00:04:00,960 --> 00:04:04,540
There was no treatment
that could prolong survival.
70
00:04:04,640 --> 00:04:07,480
That is essentially
a death sentence.
71
00:04:10,160 --> 00:04:11,260
The nerve cells controlling
72
00:04:11,360 --> 00:04:14,340
the muscle movement die off.
73
00:04:14,440 --> 00:04:16,940
Eventually, the patients
lose the ability to walk,
74
00:04:17,040 --> 00:04:21,440
to use their arms, to speak,
to swallow or to breathe.
75
00:04:24,560 --> 00:04:28,860
Most people feel very,
very low.
76
00:04:28,960 --> 00:04:31,100
And some people find it
very difficult to come out
77
00:04:31,200 --> 00:04:34,200
of that in a positive
state of mind at all.
78
00:04:36,040 --> 00:04:39,520
Stephen: While there
is life, there is hope.
79
00:04:40,760 --> 00:04:43,780
I had come to Cambridge
to do Cosmology
80
00:04:43,880 --> 00:04:47,400
and Cosmology I was
determined to do.
81
00:05:01,880 --> 00:05:04,940
Mary: Stephen was
always one for puzzles.
82
00:05:05,040 --> 00:05:09,800
Wanting to... work out
the logic of things.
83
00:05:11,680 --> 00:05:16,060
Stephen: I had a passionate
interest in model trains.
84
00:05:16,160 --> 00:05:20,400
I was always very interested
in how things operated.
85
00:05:21,680 --> 00:05:23,340
And used to take them apart
86
00:05:23,440 --> 00:05:25,440
to see how they worked.
87
00:05:26,800 --> 00:05:29,540
My aim was always
to build working models
88
00:05:29,640 --> 00:05:31,920
that I could control.
89
00:05:34,560 --> 00:05:37,580
If you understand
how the universe operates
90
00:05:37,680 --> 00:05:40,280
you control it in a way.
91
00:05:41,720 --> 00:05:46,400
Mary: All scientific laws
are hypothesis.
92
00:05:48,360 --> 00:05:52,140
The mathematical rules
that will tell you
93
00:05:52,240 --> 00:05:56,440
how other things will behave.
94
00:06:01,840 --> 00:06:05,900
Stephen was always
looking for the rules
95
00:06:06,000 --> 00:06:08,400
that would let him win.
96
00:06:16,280 --> 00:06:20,660
Stephen: I began to make
progress in my work.
97
00:06:20,760 --> 00:06:24,020
There was also a young woman
called Jane
98
00:06:24,120 --> 00:06:27,460
whom I had met at a party.
99
00:06:27,560 --> 00:06:30,880
It makes me laugh even
to think of him now.
100
00:06:34,640 --> 00:06:36,060
Jane: I was an undergraduate
101
00:06:36,160 --> 00:06:38,700
in London at the time.
102
00:06:38,800 --> 00:06:43,060
I was drawn by his sense of
humour and his wide smile.
103
00:06:43,160 --> 00:06:47,540
And he had his beautiful
grey-blue eyes.
104
00:06:47,640 --> 00:06:50,620
I thought he was so clever.
105
00:06:50,720 --> 00:06:53,460
He had his own
particular charm...
106
00:06:53,560 --> 00:06:56,220
which was very attractive.
107
00:06:56,320 --> 00:06:57,500
Conversations were
108
00:06:57,600 --> 00:06:59,180
always entertaining,
109
00:06:59,280 --> 00:07:01,020
always funny, and Stephen
110
00:07:01,120 --> 00:07:03,240
always had the last word.
111
00:07:05,240 --> 00:07:06,860
He had a romantic side,
112
00:07:06,960 --> 00:07:10,500
as he invited me
to May Ball in Trinity Hall
113
00:07:10,600 --> 00:07:12,600
soon after we met.
114
00:07:13,640 --> 00:07:16,800
And that's a very romantic
thing to do.
115
00:07:18,800 --> 00:07:20,800
That was fun.
116
00:07:22,560 --> 00:07:28,180
Mary: My family had
considerable reservations.
117
00:07:28,280 --> 00:07:30,100
Your son gets terminally ill
118
00:07:30,200 --> 00:07:33,180
and suddenly introduces
a girl that's
119
00:07:33,280 --> 00:07:35,660
someone he wants
to get married to.
120
00:07:35,760 --> 00:07:39,060
It doesn't sound like
a very good
121
00:07:39,160 --> 00:07:41,300
basis for a marriage,
122
00:07:41,400 --> 00:07:43,860
and does the girl know
123
00:07:43,960 --> 00:07:46,200
what she's letting herself
in for?
124
00:07:48,440 --> 00:07:50,460
Jane: We were in love
with each other
125
00:07:50,560 --> 00:07:51,820
and I thought to myself,
126
00:07:51,920 --> 00:07:54,340
"Well, really he may have
127
00:07:54,440 --> 00:07:56,440
only two years to live."
128
00:07:59,320 --> 00:08:01,500
But this was in the '60s,
129
00:08:01,600 --> 00:08:04,760
"I might have only
four minutes to live."
130
00:08:10,960 --> 00:08:13,500
John F. Kennedy: This latest
Soviet threat
131
00:08:13,600 --> 00:08:16,680
must and will be met
with determination.
132
00:08:18,640 --> 00:08:22,940
Nobody knew when the next
confrontation was going to be
133
00:08:23,040 --> 00:08:24,860
which could lead
to a nuclear war
134
00:08:24,960 --> 00:08:28,520
and we would have
four minutes warning of that.
135
00:08:44,840 --> 00:08:51,200
Jane: July the 15th, 1965.
136
00:08:52,720 --> 00:08:55,860
It was a very happy day
and a very beautiful day.
137
00:08:55,960 --> 00:08:59,360
We were married in the chapel
in Trinity Hall...
138
00:09:00,640 --> 00:09:04,280
where he was
a post graduate student.
139
00:09:09,840 --> 00:09:14,440
From the outside,
Jane's decision was most unwise.
140
00:09:15,640 --> 00:09:17,920
But it was Jane's decision.
141
00:09:20,400 --> 00:09:21,700
Lucy: One thing
that always strikes me
142
00:09:21,800 --> 00:09:24,140
is the courage
of both my parents.
143
00:09:24,240 --> 00:09:25,540
It's quite extraordinary
144
00:09:25,640 --> 00:09:27,260
when you think of
what happened to those two,
145
00:09:27,360 --> 00:09:32,460
probably rather naive,
quite innocent 21 year olds.
146
00:09:32,560 --> 00:09:35,920
Nobody could have foreseen
what lay ahead of them.
147
00:09:39,240 --> 00:09:42,620
We set off for New York state...
148
00:09:42,720 --> 00:09:45,420
for a physics conference.
149
00:09:45,520 --> 00:09:47,600
That was really our honeymoon.
150
00:09:49,000 --> 00:09:53,940
It was almost as if everything
had to be sacrificed
151
00:09:54,040 --> 00:09:58,320
to what I call the worship
of the Goddess of physics.
152
00:10:01,040 --> 00:10:05,460
Roger: When I first
encountered Stephen Hawking...
153
00:10:05,560 --> 00:10:10,540
it was a kind of lazy
journalistic cliche to say
154
00:10:10,640 --> 00:10:15,400
that he was a new Einstein
or the new Newton.
155
00:10:19,280 --> 00:10:24,380
But certainly even right
at the outset of his career...
156
00:10:24,480 --> 00:10:26,540
Stephen Hawking wasn't
just thinking big,
157
00:10:26,640 --> 00:10:28,820
he wasn't just
thinking enormous,
158
00:10:28,920 --> 00:10:30,620
he was thinking cosmic,
159
00:10:30,720 --> 00:10:32,760
about the whole universe.
160
00:10:39,720 --> 00:10:43,740
Stephen: The big question in
cosmology in the early '60s
161
00:10:43,840 --> 00:10:47,380
was "Did the universe
have a beginning?"
162
00:10:47,480 --> 00:10:49,820
Roger: Stephen
really started thinking
163
00:10:49,920 --> 00:10:54,640
about the birth of the universe
in mathematical form.
164
00:10:57,440 --> 00:10:59,540
Stephen: I showed that
the universe had to have
165
00:10:59,640 --> 00:11:02,220
had a beginning...
166
00:11:02,320 --> 00:11:05,200
in the singularity or Big Bang.
167
00:11:09,400 --> 00:11:12,700
Roger: The Big Bang theory is
a really extraordinary idea
168
00:11:12,800 --> 00:11:14,660
you know, you look
around the universe
169
00:11:14,760 --> 00:11:17,740
look around your surroundings
and the thought that you,
170
00:11:17,840 --> 00:11:21,740
your house, the Earth,
the solar system,
171
00:11:21,840 --> 00:11:23,940
everything you can see
was packed into this
172
00:11:24,040 --> 00:11:29,360
unimaginably small space
is an extraordinary thought.
173
00:11:42,840 --> 00:11:45,780
Jane: Survival... and physics
174
00:11:45,880 --> 00:11:50,800
were the prime motivators
in his life.
175
00:11:51,840 --> 00:11:54,460
Plus his children.
176
00:11:54,560 --> 00:11:57,020
Mary: When Robert came along
that was a surprise.
177
00:11:57,120 --> 00:11:59,580
They hadn't been
married that long.
178
00:11:59,680 --> 00:12:02,380
And the normal pattern
at that time
179
00:12:02,480 --> 00:12:04,700
was to have your family when
180
00:12:04,800 --> 00:12:07,640
you had a secure income
to support them.
181
00:12:09,440 --> 00:12:14,300
But Stephen obviously,
didn't have time.
182
00:12:14,400 --> 00:12:16,020
Robert: My father would
sometimes be
183
00:12:16,120 --> 00:12:19,060
deep in thought about
whatever topic was on his mind,
184
00:12:19,160 --> 00:12:20,380
whether that was
scientific or not.
185
00:12:20,480 --> 00:12:22,260
And so, sometimes it would be
186
00:12:22,360 --> 00:12:23,860
hard to get his attention.
187
00:12:23,960 --> 00:12:25,500
But that's I think sometimes
188
00:12:25,600 --> 00:12:28,520
can be the case
for most fathers.
189
00:12:33,520 --> 00:12:35,660
He wanted to be
involved as a father
190
00:12:35,760 --> 00:12:38,220
but his disability meant that
191
00:12:38,320 --> 00:12:41,260
he wasn't involved
in some things that
192
00:12:41,360 --> 00:12:43,740
normally as a father would be.
193
00:12:43,840 --> 00:12:46,220
Jane: He very rarely
spoke about his illness
194
00:12:46,320 --> 00:12:50,700
but when he did, he said that
the advantage of his illness
195
00:12:50,800 --> 00:12:54,620
was that he was able to devote
himself 100 percent
196
00:12:54,720 --> 00:12:56,460
to his work.
197
00:12:56,560 --> 00:12:58,140
He didn't have
to change nappies,
198
00:12:58,240 --> 00:12:59,500
he didn't have
to make cups of tea,
199
00:12:59,600 --> 00:13:01,380
he didn't have to cook meals.
200
00:13:01,480 --> 00:13:07,400
But he could just get on
with concentrating on physics.
201
00:13:09,520 --> 00:13:13,740
He started using a wheelchair
shortly after Lucy was born.
202
00:13:13,840 --> 00:13:17,580
Lucy sat on Stephen's knee.
203
00:13:17,680 --> 00:13:20,180
Robert trotted along beside
204
00:13:20,280 --> 00:13:22,520
and I pushed from behind.
205
00:13:26,720 --> 00:13:28,380
Lucy: By the time I was born,
206
00:13:28,480 --> 00:13:32,400
my father had already outlived
his life expectancy.
207
00:13:34,920 --> 00:13:38,500
I think my father
really loved being a dad
208
00:13:38,600 --> 00:13:39,860
but I think
my father's disability
209
00:13:39,960 --> 00:13:43,420
did impinge greatly
on my childhood.
210
00:13:43,520 --> 00:13:45,420
This was the '70s and the '80s.
211
00:13:45,520 --> 00:13:47,860
Disabled access to buildings
just wasn't a thing.
212
00:13:47,960 --> 00:13:49,860
There weren't even
dropped pavements.
213
00:13:49,960 --> 00:13:51,180
I mean, it was really hard.
214
00:13:51,280 --> 00:13:52,980
Your whole day could be thrown
off course
215
00:13:53,080 --> 00:13:54,500
by a flight of steps.
216
00:13:54,600 --> 00:13:56,540
Even just a couple of
steps could just ruin
217
00:13:56,640 --> 00:13:58,900
whatever it was
you were trying to do.
218
00:13:59,000 --> 00:14:01,780
And so it made things
like holidays, it made outings,
219
00:14:01,880 --> 00:14:04,340
it made all
the kind of fun stuff...
220
00:14:04,440 --> 00:14:08,540
unpredictable and liable
to be blown off course
221
00:14:08,640 --> 00:14:12,580
by circumstances completely
beyond your control.
222
00:14:12,680 --> 00:14:16,220
Robert: That-- that stage
my father still slept upstairs
223
00:14:16,320 --> 00:14:20,420
and so every night he had
to make his way up the stairs.
224
00:14:20,520 --> 00:14:23,980
That was quite
a-- an interesting challenge.
225
00:14:24,080 --> 00:14:26,180
He was very determined.
226
00:14:26,280 --> 00:14:30,060
In the house, there's still
handles screwed in the wall
227
00:14:30,160 --> 00:14:34,360
which he used to pull
himself up the stairs.
228
00:14:37,160 --> 00:14:41,540
Jane: Here Stephen
made a great discovery,
229
00:14:41,640 --> 00:14:44,540
into the nature of black holes.
230
00:14:44,640 --> 00:14:47,460
Stephen was sitting
on one side of the bed,
231
00:14:47,560 --> 00:14:49,740
slowly getting himself ready,
232
00:14:49,840 --> 00:14:52,460
taking off his clothes,
putting on his pyjamas.
233
00:14:52,560 --> 00:14:55,700
I was sitting on the
other side of the bed
234
00:14:55,800 --> 00:14:59,720
and Stephen was, obviously,
deep in thought...
235
00:15:02,080 --> 00:15:05,020
then Stephen announced...
236
00:15:05,120 --> 00:15:08,600
a great new idea in physics.
237
00:15:09,960 --> 00:15:14,620
Those were the happiest
days of our lives.
238
00:15:14,720 --> 00:15:18,540
Our children were
an absolute joy...
239
00:15:18,640 --> 00:15:21,900
but his mind was
always on physics.
240
00:15:25,120 --> 00:15:26,540
It was February the 14th,
241
00:15:26,640 --> 00:15:29,300
Valentine's day, 1974
242
00:15:29,400 --> 00:15:30,980
I drove him over to Oxford
243
00:15:31,080 --> 00:15:32,940
in pouring rain.
244
00:15:33,040 --> 00:15:35,440
Stephen was giving a paper.
245
00:15:36,440 --> 00:15:38,980
He was saying that Black Holes,
246
00:15:39,080 --> 00:15:42,140
which previously
had been assumed
247
00:15:42,240 --> 00:15:43,980
not to emit
248
00:15:44,080 --> 00:15:45,420
anything at all,
249
00:15:45,520 --> 00:15:48,860
could actually radiate energy.
250
00:15:48,960 --> 00:15:51,880
And there was a stunned silence.
251
00:15:54,680 --> 00:15:57,140
Jim: Stephen was using
his intuition
252
00:15:57,240 --> 00:15:59,280
and his imagination.
253
00:16:06,000 --> 00:16:10,840
There are these really weird
objects called Black holes...
254
00:16:14,040 --> 00:16:16,460
but Stephen discovered
255
00:16:16,560 --> 00:16:18,420
that Black Holes
are no longer black,
256
00:16:18,520 --> 00:16:21,320
that they can
spit out particles.
257
00:16:23,040 --> 00:16:25,340
I like to call
this the sizzling of space,
258
00:16:25,440 --> 00:16:27,760
it's like sizzling bacon.
259
00:16:32,520 --> 00:16:34,300
Stephen: I had
discovered a concept
260
00:16:34,400 --> 00:16:36,840
that is now named after me,
261
00:16:37,680 --> 00:16:39,920
"Hawking Radiation."
262
00:16:42,240 --> 00:16:47,520
My discovery was actually very
controversial at the time.
263
00:16:50,680 --> 00:16:53,620
Most people said, "This is
rubbish, you must be joking,
264
00:16:53,720 --> 00:16:55,300
of course
Black Holes are black."
265
00:16:55,400 --> 00:16:57,300
"They've got such
incredible gravity,
266
00:16:57,400 --> 00:16:58,780
nothing can escape."
267
00:16:58,880 --> 00:17:00,540
"What are you talking about
Hawking radiation?"
268
00:17:00,640 --> 00:17:03,940
But actually now with
the benefit of hindsight
269
00:17:04,040 --> 00:17:07,980
uh, there's general agreement
that it's right.
270
00:17:08,080 --> 00:17:12,380
It's almost too beautiful
and simple not to be true
271
00:17:12,480 --> 00:17:15,940
and it really stands out
as one of the big moments
272
00:17:16,040 --> 00:17:19,240
in recent theoretical physics.
273
00:17:28,800 --> 00:17:32,580
Stephen's career took off
which led to his election
274
00:17:32,680 --> 00:17:36,360
to The Royal Society
at the age of 32.
275
00:17:37,680 --> 00:17:40,260
At a party
I had arranged for him,
276
00:17:40,360 --> 00:17:42,580
afterwards he thanked
his supervisors
277
00:17:42,680 --> 00:17:44,820
he thanked his colleagues,
278
00:17:44,920 --> 00:17:47,240
but not a mention
of the family.
279
00:17:48,200 --> 00:17:49,620
And no mention of us at all,
280
00:17:49,720 --> 00:17:51,840
and I found that rather hurtful.
281
00:17:53,400 --> 00:17:56,140
He wanted to go
to every conference,
282
00:17:56,240 --> 00:17:57,980
every summer school,
283
00:17:58,080 --> 00:17:59,380
anywhere in the world.
284
00:17:59,480 --> 00:18:02,440
And he expected me
to go with him too.
285
00:18:03,440 --> 00:18:06,780
Travels were extraordinary...
286
00:18:06,880 --> 00:18:09,420
and demanding.
287
00:18:09,520 --> 00:18:12,020
And we travelled and we
travelled and we travelled.
288
00:18:18,240 --> 00:18:21,960
Jane: We spent a whole year
in California.
289
00:18:24,680 --> 00:18:27,780
Stephen was a visiting
Fairchild fellow
290
00:18:27,880 --> 00:18:32,280
at California Institute
of Technology.
291
00:18:33,920 --> 00:18:34,940
And that was the most
292
00:18:35,040 --> 00:18:37,640
glorious year imaginable.
293
00:18:40,360 --> 00:18:42,520
We went to the desert,
294
00:18:43,400 --> 00:18:45,400
we went to the ocean,
295
00:18:46,320 --> 00:18:48,360
we went to the mountains.
296
00:18:49,880 --> 00:18:52,420
Robert: I was 7,
when we went to California.
297
00:18:52,520 --> 00:18:54,220
I found it a, um
298
00:18:54,320 --> 00:18:56,220
an exciting...
299
00:18:56,320 --> 00:18:59,020
uh, time.
300
00:18:59,120 --> 00:19:01,940
I can still remember
a bit of the...
301
00:19:02,040 --> 00:19:05,140
Los Angeles freeway map
because...
302
00:19:05,240 --> 00:19:07,540
I ended up being the, um
303
00:19:07,640 --> 00:19:09,640
family navigator.
304
00:19:10,760 --> 00:19:12,980
At that point he made
the transition
305
00:19:13,080 --> 00:19:15,640
to an electric wheelchair.
306
00:19:17,040 --> 00:19:19,180
Stephen: It gave me
a considerable degree
307
00:19:19,280 --> 00:19:20,500
of independence
308
00:19:20,600 --> 00:19:23,220
especially as
in the United States
309
00:19:23,320 --> 00:19:26,380
buildings and sidewalks
are much more accessible
310
00:19:26,480 --> 00:19:30,280
for the disabled
than they are in Britain.
311
00:19:32,080 --> 00:19:34,380
Robert: We stayed in some
University accommodation
312
00:19:34,480 --> 00:19:36,980
which they had done
some adapting of it
313
00:19:37,080 --> 00:19:38,940
so that there were ramps
314
00:19:39,040 --> 00:19:43,340
so that he didn't need
to deal with any stairs.
315
00:19:43,440 --> 00:19:45,660
Jane: We had the most
beautiful house.
316
00:19:45,760 --> 00:19:48,960
It was an enchanting year...
317
00:19:49,800 --> 00:19:51,800
for all of us.
318
00:19:56,440 --> 00:19:59,820
Stephen: The excitement of
our new life in California
319
00:19:59,920 --> 00:20:04,980
was harshly interrupted
by my motor neurone disease.
320
00:20:05,080 --> 00:20:06,620
The physical symptoms took
321
00:20:06,720 --> 00:20:09,960
an irreversible turn
for the worse.
322
00:20:11,840 --> 00:20:15,180
Motor neurone disease is a
condition of moving goal posts,
323
00:20:15,280 --> 00:20:19,460
so everyday the problems change.
324
00:20:19,560 --> 00:20:22,020
Ammar: As Professor Hawking's
nerves die off
325
00:20:22,120 --> 00:20:25,480
there are some dramatic
drops in ability.
326
00:20:26,960 --> 00:20:32,420
When he could no longer
use a pen and paper,
327
00:20:32,520 --> 00:20:34,500
he couldn't write,
328
00:20:34,600 --> 00:20:37,380
we had no concept
329
00:20:37,480 --> 00:20:41,640
of how life changing
it was going to be.
330
00:20:52,040 --> 00:20:53,580
Judy: I had
absolutely no idea
331
00:20:53,680 --> 00:20:56,660
who he was
when I first met him.
332
00:20:56,760 --> 00:20:59,620
I think the advert
said something like
333
00:20:59,720 --> 00:21:02,340
"Disabled scientist
needs secretary,"
334
00:21:02,440 --> 00:21:05,640
something as simple as that.
335
00:21:08,360 --> 00:21:10,260
As I walked into his office,
336
00:21:10,360 --> 00:21:12,260
he sat there in his wheelchair
337
00:21:12,360 --> 00:21:16,380
with the most wonderful twinkle
in his eye and a lovely smile
338
00:21:16,480 --> 00:21:18,180
and I knew at that moment
339
00:21:18,280 --> 00:21:20,720
that we would get along
just fine.
340
00:21:21,920 --> 00:21:23,780
When he wanted
to read a book,
341
00:21:23,880 --> 00:21:26,380
I would have to turn the pages.
342
00:21:26,480 --> 00:21:29,020
And then when he wanted
to study something,
343
00:21:29,120 --> 00:21:33,540
he would ask me to draw it
on the black board for him.
344
00:21:33,640 --> 00:21:36,980
He seemed to just
take it in his stride.
345
00:21:37,080 --> 00:21:39,380
That seems a funny word to use
346
00:21:39,480 --> 00:21:43,040
but I don't recall
Stephen ever complaining.
347
00:21:44,680 --> 00:21:48,460
My father had independency,
had autonomy, he had speed,
348
00:21:48,560 --> 00:21:50,380
which he really enjoyed.
349
00:21:50,480 --> 00:21:52,180
So many people
have told me,
350
00:21:52,280 --> 00:21:55,420
that they nearly got run over
by him in Cambridge.
351
00:21:55,520 --> 00:21:58,300
He did things
that people didn't expect him
352
00:21:58,400 --> 00:22:00,440
as a disabled person to do.
353
00:22:01,920 --> 00:22:04,580
It was quite obvious
that he-- he...
354
00:22:04,680 --> 00:22:07,640
There was something special
about him, there's no question.
355
00:22:12,520 --> 00:22:14,740
Sir Roger: He was doing
great work
356
00:22:14,840 --> 00:22:18,520
scientifically and he
just would not give up.
357
00:22:20,280 --> 00:22:22,220
He did all this...
358
00:22:22,320 --> 00:22:25,840
with this extraordinary
physical disability
359
00:22:26,760 --> 00:22:28,380
and hardly able to talk.
360
00:22:31,000 --> 00:22:32,700
You'd like to reply to that one?
361
00:22:32,800 --> 00:22:34,100
Yeah.
362
00:22:34,200 --> 00:22:37,420
Judy: Because of his
voice diminishing,
363
00:22:37,520 --> 00:22:41,500
you had to study his lips
and listen very carefully
364
00:22:41,600 --> 00:22:43,780
to what he was saying
365
00:22:43,880 --> 00:22:47,420
so that you've got it all down
hopefully in one hit.
366
00:22:53,040 --> 00:22:54,940
So it's really
a sort of cylinder?
367
00:23:00,800 --> 00:23:02,780
And the-- the answer
is that its universe
368
00:23:02,880 --> 00:23:07,260
is topologically S3 cross R1.
369
00:23:07,360 --> 00:23:08,380
It was intriguing
370
00:23:08,480 --> 00:23:10,580
that he'd got this amazing brain
371
00:23:10,680 --> 00:23:12,580
that could put these, um,
372
00:23:12,680 --> 00:23:14,580
calculations together
373
00:23:14,680 --> 00:23:15,820
that had great meaning.
374
00:23:17,480 --> 00:23:21,040
No, it just so happens,
that we have the universe here.
375
00:24:03,120 --> 00:24:06,500
Judy: Stephen wanted to have
a conference called,
376
00:24:06,600 --> 00:24:09,420
I think it was,
"Super Space and Super Gravity"
377
00:24:09,520 --> 00:24:12,580
or "Super Gravity
and Super Space."
378
00:24:12,680 --> 00:24:15,580
And these eminent scientists
379
00:24:15,680 --> 00:24:19,100
were going to be coming
from all around the world.
380
00:24:19,200 --> 00:24:21,980
Jim: There were a group
of us very young physicists
381
00:24:22,080 --> 00:24:24,580
who were working on a new...
382
00:24:24,680 --> 00:24:29,180
evolution of Einstein's theory
called "Super Gravity."
383
00:24:29,280 --> 00:24:32,900
And it was amazing to me
personally that this person
384
00:24:33,000 --> 00:24:35,580
that I had already looked
up to as a physics hero
385
00:24:35,680 --> 00:24:37,580
was coming to people
like me saying,
386
00:24:37,680 --> 00:24:40,440
"I wanna learn
what you guys are doing."
387
00:24:41,960 --> 00:24:44,300
Judy: During the course
of the conference
388
00:24:44,400 --> 00:24:46,140
the whole of the black board
389
00:24:46,240 --> 00:24:48,940
was completely covered in this
390
00:24:49,040 --> 00:24:53,640
wonderful arrangement
of maths and doodles.
391
00:24:54,680 --> 00:24:57,860
Someone decided to draw me
as, um,
392
00:24:57,960 --> 00:25:01,100
as a man with what looks
like a fish bowl on his head.
393
00:25:01,200 --> 00:25:04,420
It was actually my Afro.
394
00:25:04,520 --> 00:25:07,140
Judy: I thought it was just
too lovely
395
00:25:07,240 --> 00:25:08,980
to be rubbed off.
396
00:25:09,080 --> 00:25:11,140
So I went down to the basement
397
00:25:11,240 --> 00:25:13,540
and asked one of the engineers
398
00:25:13,640 --> 00:25:14,980
if he could possibly
399
00:25:15,080 --> 00:25:17,180
take down the black board
400
00:25:17,280 --> 00:25:20,540
and hide it somewhere
till I could get back
401
00:25:20,640 --> 00:25:23,840
and work out
what we could do with it.
402
00:25:26,880 --> 00:25:30,940
A few years before he died,
he asked me to go and see him.
403
00:25:31,040 --> 00:25:35,780
I'd never been to see
the new office that he was in.
404
00:25:35,880 --> 00:25:37,300
And then...
405
00:25:37,400 --> 00:25:40,180
to my enormous surprise
406
00:25:40,280 --> 00:25:43,900
there it was up
in Stephen's new office
407
00:25:44,000 --> 00:25:46,900
for everyone to see.
408
00:25:47,000 --> 00:25:49,880
And I thought
that was so lovely.
409
00:25:56,400 --> 00:25:58,420
Roger: All the way
through his life
410
00:25:58,520 --> 00:26:01,060
Stephen had faith
that the universe
411
00:26:01,160 --> 00:26:03,940
can be described by mathematics.
412
00:26:04,040 --> 00:26:09,220
He was really convinced
that just out there...
413
00:26:09,320 --> 00:26:12,840
tantalisingly almost
within reach...
414
00:26:15,480 --> 00:26:18,000
there was a theory
of everything.
415
00:26:21,240 --> 00:26:24,860
The two big pillars of
20th century science
416
00:26:24,960 --> 00:26:27,440
were general relativity...
417
00:26:28,920 --> 00:26:33,240
which is to do
with the world of the very big
418
00:26:34,400 --> 00:26:37,740
and Quantum mechanics,
419
00:26:37,840 --> 00:26:40,840
which is the world
of very small.
420
00:26:43,800 --> 00:26:47,620
These were really powerful
theories, but they gave you
421
00:26:47,720 --> 00:26:50,440
very different pictures
of the universe.
422
00:26:51,680 --> 00:26:54,380
Jim: So, Stephen's quest
423
00:26:54,480 --> 00:26:56,920
was to bring these
things together.
424
00:26:59,880 --> 00:27:03,100
That to me is another sign
of Stephen's bravery.
425
00:27:03,200 --> 00:27:04,900
Because here's this guy
who's taking
426
00:27:05,000 --> 00:27:07,580
these two different ideas
that were at their borders
427
00:27:07,680 --> 00:27:10,020
totally divorced from each
other, and he's saying,
428
00:27:10,120 --> 00:27:12,380
"No, nature demands
429
00:27:12,480 --> 00:27:14,680
that we wield them together."
430
00:27:24,320 --> 00:27:28,180
Sometimes we theoretical
physicists do math...
431
00:27:28,280 --> 00:27:30,620
in our intuition,
in our dreams.
432
00:27:30,720 --> 00:27:34,580
And so I believe that
the stories of mathematics
433
00:27:34,680 --> 00:27:37,540
resided in his mind
and imagination
434
00:27:37,640 --> 00:27:41,540
and he could manipulate those
without writing it on paper.
435
00:27:41,640 --> 00:27:44,300
To me that's a level of
creativity that is beyond
436
00:27:44,400 --> 00:27:47,520
what most of us have to do.
437
00:27:56,560 --> 00:28:00,220
Jane: Stephen became
Lucasian Professor
438
00:28:00,320 --> 00:28:03,440
which was the chair
held by Newton.
439
00:28:04,440 --> 00:28:07,580
The impression that we gave
440
00:28:07,680 --> 00:28:11,060
was one of a very
successful family.
441
00:28:11,160 --> 00:28:15,340
Stephen was recognised
as a rising star
442
00:28:15,440 --> 00:28:17,900
in the world of Astrophysics.
443
00:28:18,000 --> 00:28:22,840
So what could be
lacking in our lives?
444
00:28:25,840 --> 00:28:29,180
But people didn't scratch
beneath the surface
445
00:28:29,280 --> 00:28:34,180
and a lot of people
didn't show much imagination.
446
00:28:34,280 --> 00:28:36,780
Sometimes I was so depressed,
447
00:28:36,880 --> 00:28:40,040
I just felt like throwing
myself in the river.
448
00:28:43,680 --> 00:28:48,860
Either Stephen's condition
would worsen dramatically
449
00:28:48,960 --> 00:28:52,500
and I didn't know
how we were going to manage...
450
00:28:52,600 --> 00:28:56,220
or I wouldn't be able to cope
451
00:28:56,320 --> 00:28:59,640
and then what would happen
to my children?
452
00:29:02,080 --> 00:29:03,980
Lucy: Looking back...
453
00:29:04,080 --> 00:29:06,860
our family life
454
00:29:06,960 --> 00:29:09,940
was really, really hard.
455
00:29:10,040 --> 00:29:12,180
And my father was
extremely vulnerable.
456
00:29:12,280 --> 00:29:14,260
You've got to imagine,
what would it be like
457
00:29:14,360 --> 00:29:17,240
if you couldn't even
turn your head.
458
00:29:19,880 --> 00:29:22,660
Occ-- Occasionally I even helped
him with feeding.
459
00:29:22,760 --> 00:29:24,980
My father had issues
with choking.
460
00:29:25,080 --> 00:29:28,380
He would convulse
and we needed to...
461
00:29:28,480 --> 00:29:32,660
pat him on the back
to address the issue.
462
00:29:32,760 --> 00:29:33,980
We would be sitting
having dinner
463
00:29:34,080 --> 00:29:35,380
and then suddenly he would
464
00:29:35,480 --> 00:29:36,980
go into a massive choking fit
465
00:29:37,080 --> 00:29:39,780
and that would be
actually quite terrifying.
466
00:29:39,880 --> 00:29:41,500
Doctors had been
saying to my mother,
467
00:29:41,600 --> 00:29:43,980
"Why are you cutting out food
and feeding it to him?
468
00:29:44,080 --> 00:29:45,420
He should be on pureed food."
469
00:29:45,520 --> 00:29:47,420
And he just refused.
470
00:29:47,520 --> 00:29:50,740
He would be like,
"Nope! Not having it!"
471
00:29:50,840 --> 00:29:54,980
He just insisted on having food
cut up and fed to him.
472
00:29:55,080 --> 00:29:56,660
And this is my father's
stubbornness, that he just
473
00:29:56,760 --> 00:29:58,500
wouldn't do the obvious thing
474
00:29:58,600 --> 00:30:00,500
that would've made
things a lot better
475
00:30:00,600 --> 00:30:03,060
for everybody else
and he just wouldn't do it.
476
00:30:03,160 --> 00:30:04,980
He thought that...
477
00:30:05,080 --> 00:30:07,580
his needs needed to be met
478
00:30:07,680 --> 00:30:11,420
when he thought they needed
to be met and sometimes
479
00:30:11,520 --> 00:30:14,520
that was a source of friction.
480
00:30:16,080 --> 00:30:18,800
Lucy: My mother very much
needed some support.
481
00:30:20,600 --> 00:30:23,940
She had a huge burden.
482
00:30:26,880 --> 00:30:31,960
Jane: It was as if I as a person
didn't exist any longer.
483
00:30:35,240 --> 00:30:38,540
In the beginning, I had been
led to understand
484
00:30:38,640 --> 00:30:42,500
that he had a prognosis of
two years,
485
00:30:42,600 --> 00:30:47,900
but as he lived on
and, uh, the situation deteriorated,
486
00:30:48,000 --> 00:30:51,580
I felt there were things I
needed to be able to talk about,
487
00:30:51,680 --> 00:30:55,540
but he steadfastly refused
to discuss
488
00:30:55,640 --> 00:30:58,420
his illness and the future.
489
00:31:01,360 --> 00:31:03,700
Ammar: The dynamics in
the family inevitably change
490
00:31:03,800 --> 00:31:07,300
when somebody has
a life-limiting condition.
491
00:31:07,400 --> 00:31:09,940
One of the things that happens
in that situation is called
492
00:31:10,040 --> 00:31:11,260
the conspiracy of silence,
493
00:31:11,360 --> 00:31:12,820
and that happens
for both parties.
494
00:31:12,920 --> 00:31:16,360
So the person who's got the
diagnosis and the family member.
495
00:31:19,000 --> 00:31:20,780
What it means is everyone's
hiding their feelings
496
00:31:20,880 --> 00:31:22,660
and everyone's pretending
that everything's normal
497
00:31:22,760 --> 00:31:23,940
when it isn't.
498
00:31:24,040 --> 00:31:28,980
So, inevitably it's a huge task
for the carer,
499
00:31:29,080 --> 00:31:30,780
and it's actually not really
possible
500
00:31:30,880 --> 00:31:32,880
for one person to do it
on their own.
501
00:31:34,800 --> 00:31:39,780
Jane: I likened our situation
to living on a precipice.
502
00:31:39,880 --> 00:31:42,780
We turned our backs
on the precipice,
503
00:31:42,880 --> 00:31:45,360
but the precipice
was always there.
504
00:31:47,720 --> 00:31:51,220
Jonathan: It was clear to me
that Jane was...
505
00:31:51,320 --> 00:31:53,180
in a difficult place
506
00:31:53,280 --> 00:31:55,720
and she really needed rescuing.
507
00:31:58,960 --> 00:32:01,500
A good friend of mine
wanted to help me out,
508
00:32:01,600 --> 00:32:03,100
and so she suggested
509
00:32:03,200 --> 00:32:06,180
going to the local church
to sing in the choir,
510
00:32:06,280 --> 00:32:09,220
and I went there, and Jonathan
was the choir master.
511
00:32:12,160 --> 00:32:14,340
Jonathan: I used to go on
Saturday morning
512
00:32:14,440 --> 00:32:15,980
to teach Lucy the piano,
513
00:32:16,080 --> 00:32:20,180
and then that was when I first
started playing the piano
514
00:32:20,280 --> 00:32:21,780
for Jane to sing.
515
00:32:21,880 --> 00:32:23,980
And so Stephen would be
delighted
516
00:32:24,080 --> 00:32:26,640
just to sit there
and hear Jane sing.
517
00:32:28,880 --> 00:32:32,180
The weekly Saturday visits
built up
518
00:32:32,280 --> 00:32:36,100
to being more often than
once a week.
519
00:32:36,200 --> 00:32:39,580
Jane: Jonathan was
a heaven sent gift,
520
00:32:39,680 --> 00:32:42,460
taking Stephen to the bathroom,
feeding Stephen,
521
00:32:42,560 --> 00:32:47,300
lifting Stephen,
doing 101 things for Stephen.
522
00:32:47,400 --> 00:32:52,740
Without his support, I would
have gone under completely.
523
00:32:52,840 --> 00:32:57,460
Jane: We became companions
in adversity.
524
00:32:57,560 --> 00:33:01,740
Jonathan: My wife had
died in '74,
525
00:33:01,840 --> 00:33:06,060
and so this helped
to fill in a gap in my life.
526
00:33:06,160 --> 00:33:09,580
They helped to prop me up
at a time when...
527
00:33:09,680 --> 00:33:11,680
I felt I needed a bit of
propping.
528
00:33:13,840 --> 00:33:19,500
Jane: Stephen understood that
Jonathan was there to help me.
529
00:33:19,600 --> 00:33:21,640
He seemed to accept it.
530
00:33:25,200 --> 00:33:28,740
Stephen: She gave him a room
in our apartment.
531
00:33:28,840 --> 00:33:32,420
I would have objected,
but I too, was expecting
532
00:33:32,520 --> 00:33:34,180
an early death and felt
533
00:33:34,280 --> 00:33:38,000
I needed someone to support
the children after I was gone.
534
00:33:42,680 --> 00:33:46,660
I was always resisting
535
00:33:46,760 --> 00:33:49,000
the idea of falling in love.
536
00:33:51,120 --> 00:33:53,120
And I think gradually...
537
00:33:55,280 --> 00:33:59,800
I resisted a little less than
I had done to start with.
538
00:34:03,360 --> 00:34:06,000
It was not-- not easy.
539
00:34:09,480 --> 00:34:10,980
We knew we had feelings
for each other,
540
00:34:11,080 --> 00:34:13,660
but we wanted to be loyal
to Stephen,
541
00:34:13,760 --> 00:34:17,240
so we had to suppress our
feelings for a very long time.
542
00:34:19,440 --> 00:34:21,100
Tim: I suppose, looking back,
543
00:34:21,200 --> 00:34:25,100
I was perhaps born into
a rather unconventional setup,
544
00:34:25,200 --> 00:34:30,020
having my father and then having
Jonathan also around,
545
00:34:30,120 --> 00:34:33,940
and I suppose able to sort of
provide perhaps a little bit
546
00:34:34,040 --> 00:34:37,660
more... physical interaction
in terms of maybe
547
00:34:37,760 --> 00:34:41,380
you know playing cricket
in the garden or playing tag.
548
00:34:41,480 --> 00:34:43,520
You know, that was,
that was great actually.
549
00:34:48,360 --> 00:34:53,220
Jane: Stephen's mother asked me
a very impertinent question.
550
00:34:53,320 --> 00:34:57,820
She wanted to know
who Tim's father was.
551
00:34:57,920 --> 00:35:01,140
Was it Stephen or was it
Jonathan.
552
00:35:01,240 --> 00:35:04,020
And I told her that there was
absolutely no way
553
00:35:04,120 --> 00:35:09,480
that anybody other than Stephen
could be Tim's father.
554
00:35:10,600 --> 00:35:13,380
And I was very hurt.
555
00:35:13,480 --> 00:35:15,380
And so I told her.
556
00:35:15,480 --> 00:35:18,980
And then her reaction was,
"Well, of course, Jane,
557
00:35:19,080 --> 00:35:20,380
we've never liked you."
558
00:35:20,480 --> 00:35:22,760
"You don't fit into our family."
559
00:35:26,640 --> 00:35:28,100
Lucy: From the perspective
of a child,
560
00:35:28,200 --> 00:35:31,740
you're in this incredibly
confusing situation,
561
00:35:31,840 --> 00:35:34,540
trying to process, I suppose,
why our lives
562
00:35:34,640 --> 00:35:38,320
was so dramatically different
to the lives of our friends.
563
00:35:40,160 --> 00:35:43,140
I was aware that my mother
and Jonathan were having
564
00:35:43,240 --> 00:35:45,620
some form of relationship, um...
565
00:35:45,720 --> 00:35:47,580
I was so young
that I didn't know
566
00:35:47,680 --> 00:35:51,340
what an actual relationship
kind of was.
567
00:35:51,440 --> 00:35:53,780
And I was just, you know,
I just hadn't questioned it.
568
00:35:53,880 --> 00:35:55,920
I just thought, "Well,
this is-- this is normal."
569
00:35:58,000 --> 00:36:02,380
I tried to be
a substitute for Stephen
570
00:36:02,480 --> 00:36:03,980
with things
that he wasn't able to do.
571
00:36:04,080 --> 00:36:08,100
But I did make a point of not
trying to do the things
572
00:36:08,200 --> 00:36:09,780
that Stephen did do with them.
573
00:36:11,480 --> 00:36:12,740
It was a question, just of
574
00:36:12,840 --> 00:36:14,840
not stepping on his toes.
575
00:36:18,120 --> 00:36:22,380
Tim: My dad and I, we were able
to have a relationship.
576
00:36:22,480 --> 00:36:24,300
It was just based on
simple things, like
577
00:36:24,400 --> 00:36:26,560
going down
to the ice cream van together.
578
00:36:30,880 --> 00:36:33,180
This ecosystem
that we were living in
579
00:36:33,280 --> 00:36:34,700
seemed to sort of function.
580
00:36:34,800 --> 00:36:38,980
I didn't think of it
as abnormal in any way.
581
00:36:39,080 --> 00:36:41,820
That's not to say that there
probably wasn't a lot going
582
00:36:41,920 --> 00:36:44,300
on under the water.
583
00:36:44,400 --> 00:36:46,620
Sort of like
a paddling duck, but
584
00:36:46,720 --> 00:36:50,640
for me as a kid, it seemed to
work fairly well at the time.
585
00:36:57,960 --> 00:37:00,620
Jonathan and I took
the car and the children
586
00:37:00,720 --> 00:37:04,740
and we camped in a little place
called Rothenburg.
587
00:37:04,840 --> 00:37:06,740
Jonathan: That was a holiday
for the children.
588
00:37:06,840 --> 00:37:10,580
It was time when the children
were having a bit of time...
589
00:37:10,680 --> 00:37:12,580
in mucking about in tents
590
00:37:12,680 --> 00:37:15,640
which, um, I think they enjoyed.
591
00:37:17,200 --> 00:37:19,580
Jane: Stephen was in Geneva.
592
00:37:19,680 --> 00:37:23,500
We were all going
to meet up in Bayreuth
593
00:37:23,600 --> 00:37:27,180
for a performance
of Wagner's Ring.
594
00:37:27,280 --> 00:37:29,300
Stephen was passionate
about Wagner
595
00:37:29,400 --> 00:37:31,500
and love to listen to it
very loudly,
596
00:37:31,600 --> 00:37:33,620
um, much to the consternation
of anybody
597
00:37:33,720 --> 00:37:35,460
who was in--
within earshot.
598
00:37:35,560 --> 00:37:39,380
The only opera that existed
for him was Wagner...
599
00:37:39,480 --> 00:37:41,600
and Wagner, Wagner, Wagner.
600
00:37:46,800 --> 00:37:49,380
We were just sitting down
to dinner in a restaurant,
601
00:37:49,480 --> 00:37:51,620
and I think my mum got up
to use the pay phone
602
00:37:51,720 --> 00:37:53,420
just to sort of see
how everything was,
603
00:37:53,520 --> 00:37:56,340
and then she sort of
came back...
604
00:37:56,440 --> 00:37:59,700
you know, looking like
she'd just seen a ghost.
605
00:37:59,800 --> 00:38:03,220
Tim: My father had fallen ill
with pneumonia.
606
00:38:03,320 --> 00:38:05,380
Mother came back and said,
"Your father is really ill,
607
00:38:05,480 --> 00:38:07,580
we have to go now,"
and we sort of all bundled
608
00:38:07,680 --> 00:38:11,280
in the car and drove to Geneva.
609
00:38:13,120 --> 00:38:16,180
Jonathan: Jane was
understandably distraught,
610
00:38:16,280 --> 00:38:18,860
and I drove 400 miles,
611
00:38:18,960 --> 00:38:21,520
just wondering
what we were going to find.
612
00:38:26,040 --> 00:38:28,900
Tim: We went straight
to the hospital.
613
00:38:29,000 --> 00:38:31,780
My first experience of
visiting a hospital
614
00:38:31,880 --> 00:38:35,280
as a child is always
quite a shock.
615
00:38:42,960 --> 00:38:46,060
I remember him just being white,
like being salt white,
616
00:38:46,160 --> 00:38:49,180
lying on a white sheet
in a white room, being white.
617
00:38:49,280 --> 00:38:50,500
And it was really scary.
618
00:38:50,600 --> 00:38:53,500
I mean, he was
really, really ill.
619
00:38:53,600 --> 00:38:57,820
Jane: Stephen lay there
in a comatose state.
620
00:38:57,920 --> 00:39:01,940
The doctors took me to one side
and said, "Look,
621
00:39:02,040 --> 00:39:03,980
if we try to bring him 'round,
622
00:39:04,080 --> 00:39:06,420
he might not survive."
623
00:39:06,520 --> 00:39:08,780
"There's nothing
we can do for him."
624
00:39:08,880 --> 00:39:12,040
"Should we turn off
the life support machine?"
625
00:39:17,680 --> 00:39:19,420
I flatly refused.
626
00:39:31,440 --> 00:39:34,940
They brought him 'round
and he came 'round.
627
00:39:35,040 --> 00:39:40,780
And we had a Red Cross jet
to take us back to Cambridge.
628
00:39:47,080 --> 00:39:49,220
Judy: The telephone rang
and it was somebody
629
00:39:49,320 --> 00:39:50,620
from Gonville and Caius
630
00:39:50,720 --> 00:39:52,580
telling me that this plane
631
00:39:52,680 --> 00:39:57,800
was coming into Cambridge
airport with Stephen on board.
632
00:40:00,760 --> 00:40:04,140
I walked across to the hospital
633
00:40:04,240 --> 00:40:07,980
and saw Jane in the corridor.
634
00:40:08,080 --> 00:40:12,420
Jane was tired and concerned
635
00:40:12,520 --> 00:40:14,820
beyond belief and overwhelmed
636
00:40:14,920 --> 00:40:17,740
and there were moments,
I have to say,
637
00:40:17,840 --> 00:40:21,020
in the first couple of days
where, um,
638
00:40:21,120 --> 00:40:23,120
it was touch and go.
639
00:40:24,400 --> 00:40:28,100
Stephen was at huge risk.
640
00:40:28,200 --> 00:40:31,680
Stephen was certain to die.
641
00:40:35,720 --> 00:40:37,900
His motor neurone disease
642
00:40:38,000 --> 00:40:41,060
was beginning to paralyse
the muscles
643
00:40:41,160 --> 00:40:43,540
of his voice box, his larynx.
644
00:40:43,640 --> 00:40:46,100
It was blocking his airway...
645
00:40:46,200 --> 00:40:48,200
so he couldn't breathe.
646
00:40:49,080 --> 00:40:54,020
So, the team at Cambridge
made a opening
647
00:40:54,120 --> 00:40:57,900
in the neck directly
into his wind pipe.
648
00:40:58,000 --> 00:41:00,140
We call it a tracheostomy.
649
00:41:00,240 --> 00:41:01,780
And to keep that opening open,
650
00:41:01,880 --> 00:41:05,540
they put in a tube,
a tracheostomy tube.
651
00:41:05,640 --> 00:41:08,620
That meant that Stephen
could breathe directly
652
00:41:08,720 --> 00:41:10,840
through that tube
into his lungs.
653
00:41:12,800 --> 00:41:17,340
Stephen was once again able
to breathe on his own.
654
00:41:17,440 --> 00:41:20,140
He'd had a tracheostomy,
655
00:41:20,240 --> 00:41:21,780
and that meant
656
00:41:21,880 --> 00:41:26,940
that he no longer
had a voice at all.
657
00:41:27,040 --> 00:41:29,500
The impact of that was
devastating
658
00:41:29,600 --> 00:41:32,480
because Stephen had no means
of communication.
659
00:41:34,280 --> 00:41:38,760
Judy: We were never going
to hear his voice ever again.
660
00:41:40,600 --> 00:41:42,720
How was he going to communicate?
661
00:41:48,720 --> 00:41:50,460
Lucy: Most misunderstood thing
about my father
662
00:41:50,560 --> 00:41:52,540
is how much he suffered.
663
00:41:52,640 --> 00:41:54,260
He found night times
particularly
664
00:41:54,360 --> 00:41:56,020
frightening because he couldn't
665
00:41:56,120 --> 00:41:58,300
actually produce any sound.
666
00:41:58,400 --> 00:42:00,380
It wasn't just that
he couldn't speak.
667
00:42:00,480 --> 00:42:01,940
He couldn't even produce
668
00:42:02,040 --> 00:42:05,600
a scream or a-- or a gasp
or anything like that.
669
00:42:06,520 --> 00:42:08,520
Terrifying.
670
00:42:11,200 --> 00:42:13,380
Ammar: In the 1980s,
if you're locked in
671
00:42:13,480 --> 00:42:15,100
and you have no way of
communicating
672
00:42:15,200 --> 00:42:16,980
with the outside world,
except perhaps through blink,
673
00:42:17,080 --> 00:42:20,940
you really do need
24-hour watching.
674
00:42:21,040 --> 00:42:23,180
How else can you tell if
Professor Hawking actually
675
00:42:23,280 --> 00:42:25,560
has pain or has some need?
676
00:42:27,200 --> 00:42:30,580
He was in hospital
for four months,
677
00:42:30,680 --> 00:42:33,640
and then they decided it was
time to discharge him.
678
00:42:35,080 --> 00:42:40,600
So, I had very hastily to try
and find a care team.
679
00:42:43,320 --> 00:42:45,700
Stephen accepted the nurses
680
00:42:45,800 --> 00:42:48,040
in the house
because we needed them.
681
00:42:50,080 --> 00:42:52,080
He just enjoyed the attention.
682
00:42:53,640 --> 00:42:55,580
Lucy: Some of them were lovely.
683
00:42:55,680 --> 00:42:58,100
There were nurses then who have
remained lifelong friends
684
00:42:58,200 --> 00:42:59,380
of us as a family.
685
00:42:59,480 --> 00:43:02,420
But there are others
who have not.
686
00:43:02,520 --> 00:43:03,940
I remember one nurse
snatching the newspaper
687
00:43:04,040 --> 00:43:05,820
out of my hand, like,
"This is for your father."
688
00:43:05,920 --> 00:43:07,940
And I was like, "But I always
read the paper in the morning."
689
00:43:08,040 --> 00:43:11,660
"And then I give it to him.
That's what we do."
690
00:43:11,760 --> 00:43:15,380
It felt like they had come in
and they were saying,
691
00:43:15,480 --> 00:43:17,660
"We run this place now."
692
00:43:17,760 --> 00:43:20,380
I just remember thinking,
693
00:43:20,480 --> 00:43:22,560
"I don't know
that I like this."
694
00:43:23,880 --> 00:43:26,660
It does upset
the dynamics of a family home
695
00:43:26,760 --> 00:43:29,780
when suddenly lots of other
people are coming in.
696
00:43:29,880 --> 00:43:31,820
I certainly felt
a dramatic change
697
00:43:31,920 --> 00:43:34,960
in terms of the ecosystem
that we'd existed in before.
698
00:43:37,720 --> 00:43:40,620
Jane: This new batch of people
came into the house
699
00:43:40,720 --> 00:43:44,140
and they worshipped the ground
under the wheels
700
00:43:44,240 --> 00:43:46,380
of his wheelchair.
701
00:43:46,480 --> 00:43:49,900
And that was impossible for us
to compete with
702
00:43:50,000 --> 00:43:52,280
because that wasn't
how we lived.
703
00:43:54,600 --> 00:43:56,780
We felt pushed into a corner,
704
00:43:56,880 --> 00:43:58,980
which made us feel very
uncomfortable
705
00:43:59,080 --> 00:44:01,080
in our own home.
706
00:44:03,920 --> 00:44:06,580
Mary: When Stephen lost
his voice,
707
00:44:06,680 --> 00:44:09,860
it was extremely worrying
and depressing.
708
00:44:09,960 --> 00:44:15,580
His carers and nurses were
using a letter board.
709
00:44:15,680 --> 00:44:18,680
You have the letters of
the alphabet,
710
00:44:19,480 --> 00:44:21,580
you point to the letter,
711
00:44:21,680 --> 00:44:25,300
and the individual who is trying
to communicate with you
712
00:44:25,400 --> 00:44:28,340
indicates yes or no,
713
00:44:28,440 --> 00:44:30,100
and you build up
a word like that,
714
00:44:30,200 --> 00:44:32,200
guessing a lot of the time.
715
00:44:34,960 --> 00:44:36,820
And if you think
that is the only way
716
00:44:36,920 --> 00:44:39,700
you're going to be able
to communicate...
717
00:44:39,800 --> 00:44:41,540
it's extremely depressing.
718
00:44:46,680 --> 00:44:48,580
Lucy: It was enormously
traumatic
719
00:44:48,680 --> 00:44:52,340
trying to interpret
what he wanted.
720
00:44:52,440 --> 00:44:54,820
I can remember him
just looking arghh...
721
00:44:54,920 --> 00:44:56,980
you know, really frustrated.
722
00:44:57,080 --> 00:44:59,880
Like, "Oh, my God. What are
we going to do now?"
723
00:45:07,880 --> 00:45:13,180
Judy: I had seen on
a program on TV,
724
00:45:13,280 --> 00:45:16,220
a device which was going to try
725
00:45:16,320 --> 00:45:19,420
and enable people who had
726
00:45:19,520 --> 00:45:23,580
no means of communicating
with anybody
727
00:45:23,680 --> 00:45:27,140
being able to do so.
728
00:45:27,240 --> 00:45:31,260
So, first, I've got to line
my eye up with the computer.
729
00:45:31,360 --> 00:45:32,900
So, I just stare
at the centre of the screen,
730
00:45:33,000 --> 00:45:37,540
and there you can see
the computer locking on.
731
00:45:37,640 --> 00:45:41,540
Judy: The students
from the department
732
00:45:41,640 --> 00:45:45,580
looked into the possibilities
of changing it
733
00:45:45,680 --> 00:45:49,660
so that he could use
his finger and thumb
734
00:45:49,760 --> 00:45:53,440
to produce the characters
or the words on the screen.
735
00:45:56,080 --> 00:45:58,300
I think it went...
736
00:45:58,400 --> 00:46:00,380
"Hello, my name is
Stephen Hawking."
737
00:46:00,480 --> 00:46:03,020
And everyone was like,
"Woah, dad, you're American."
738
00:46:03,120 --> 00:46:05,120
"That's amazing."
739
00:46:05,640 --> 00:46:08,980
Hello,
my name is Stephen Hawking.
740
00:46:09,080 --> 00:46:10,940
Can you hear me?
741
00:46:11,040 --> 00:46:16,060
For the first time in years,
he was free.
742
00:46:16,160 --> 00:46:20,260
Just as the electric wheelchair
gave him freedom of movement,
743
00:46:20,360 --> 00:46:25,440
so the voice gave him
freedom of speech again.
744
00:46:29,400 --> 00:46:32,820
-I will buy nine houses.
- Sure, dad.
745
00:46:32,920 --> 00:46:36,340
Stephen: My youngest son,
who was only 6 at the time
746
00:46:36,440 --> 00:46:38,180
of my tracheostomy
747
00:46:38,280 --> 00:46:40,940
never could make me out before.
748
00:46:41,040 --> 00:46:43,660
Now he has no difficulty.
749
00:46:43,760 --> 00:46:47,100
That means a great deal to me.
750
00:46:47,200 --> 00:46:49,340
-I was on New York.
- Okay.
751
00:46:49,440 --> 00:46:51,100
Then I got an eight right?
752
00:46:51,200 --> 00:46:55,300
That was very much
the dawning of a, a sort of,
753
00:46:55,400 --> 00:46:58,100
you know, golden era of
communication with him.
754
00:46:58,200 --> 00:47:00,540
It just meant that we could
actually begin a,
755
00:47:00,640 --> 00:47:03,380
a sort of father-son
relationship.
756
00:47:03,480 --> 00:47:05,060
King's knight pawn.
757
00:47:05,160 --> 00:47:07,580
This one? Two?
758
00:47:07,680 --> 00:47:10,540
Tim: Of course, you might say
something to him,
759
00:47:10,640 --> 00:47:14,220
and then you'd have to wait sort
of five minutes for him
760
00:47:14,320 --> 00:47:16,980
to come back with a--
with a response,
761
00:47:17,080 --> 00:47:19,420
which then was a bit awkward
because you didn't know
762
00:47:19,520 --> 00:47:23,100
how to be in that-- in that--
in that interim period.
763
00:47:23,200 --> 00:47:24,660
My father's attitude towards
764
00:47:24,760 --> 00:47:28,140
games was to win at all costs.
765
00:47:28,240 --> 00:47:30,820
He was a ruthless competitor.
766
00:47:30,920 --> 00:47:34,940
I, however, was, uh,
was equally determined
767
00:47:35,040 --> 00:47:38,540
to try and win, particularly
at things like chess.
768
00:47:38,640 --> 00:47:40,660
As-- as time wore on, obviously,
it became very clear
769
00:47:40,760 --> 00:47:43,380
that I wasn't likely to win
at chess,
770
00:47:43,480 --> 00:47:46,540
um, or-- or scrabble, um...
771
00:47:46,640 --> 00:47:50,020
And it was on the occasion of
his 70th birthday
772
00:47:50,120 --> 00:47:52,860
when I had to finally
admit to him that I had...
773
00:47:52,960 --> 00:47:56,020
I might have cheated
a few times.
774
00:48:12,240 --> 00:48:14,060
Once he found a way
to communicate
775
00:48:14,160 --> 00:48:15,500
with the help of technology,
776
00:48:15,600 --> 00:48:17,420
he was off and running
and I knew
777
00:48:17,520 --> 00:48:20,460
the book was a big priority
for him.
778
00:48:22,360 --> 00:48:26,500
Stephen: I had the idea of
writing a popular book.
779
00:48:26,600 --> 00:48:29,620
I wanted to explain
how we might be near finding
780
00:48:29,720 --> 00:48:33,380
a complete theory that would
describe the universe
781
00:48:33,480 --> 00:48:34,940
and everything in it.
782
00:48:38,680 --> 00:48:42,300
I thought I might make a modest
amount to help support
783
00:48:42,400 --> 00:48:46,840
my children at school and
the rising costs of my care.
784
00:48:48,320 --> 00:48:52,540
I expect he thought
he was onto something...
785
00:48:52,640 --> 00:48:54,980
because he said he wanted it
to be sold in airports.
786
00:48:55,080 --> 00:48:56,700
That was his famous line,
you know,
787
00:48:56,800 --> 00:48:59,280
"I want this book
to be sold in airports."
788
00:49:01,280 --> 00:49:05,100
Peter: To be absolutely honest,
the early draft,
789
00:49:05,200 --> 00:49:06,620
it was pretty dull.
790
00:49:06,720 --> 00:49:09,900
So, I would write
in my margin notes,
791
00:49:10,000 --> 00:49:11,780
"I'm losing the gist here."
792
00:49:11,880 --> 00:49:13,980
"Could you give
a little anecdote?"
793
00:49:14,080 --> 00:49:18,100
"Could you somehow
get me interested?"
794
00:49:18,200 --> 00:49:22,800
Stephen: At times, I thought
the process would never end.
795
00:49:24,080 --> 00:49:26,700
Peter: To his credit,
a lesser man
796
00:49:26,800 --> 00:49:30,940
might have gotten frustrated,
tired, given up,
797
00:49:31,040 --> 00:49:34,380
but it was very clear what
a strong-minded person he was
798
00:49:34,480 --> 00:49:37,380
and that he could dig in,
no question about it.
799
00:49:37,480 --> 00:49:39,140
We had one mission,
which is to make
800
00:49:39,240 --> 00:49:41,240
this book very successful.
801
00:49:42,680 --> 00:49:45,580
For seven weeks a book
about scientific theory
802
00:49:45,680 --> 00:49:47,020
has been a top best seller.
803
00:49:47,120 --> 00:49:48,700
It's called
"A Brief History of Time"
804
00:49:48,800 --> 00:49:50,460
and it was written
by a remarkable scientist
805
00:49:50,560 --> 00:49:52,900
named Stephen Hawking.
806
00:49:53,000 --> 00:49:56,780
You look to the skies and hope
that lightning will strike
807
00:49:56,880 --> 00:50:01,780
and every once in a rare,
rare while, um
808
00:50:01,880 --> 00:50:05,540
lightning does strike,
and it struck here.
809
00:50:05,640 --> 00:50:07,460
Man on TV: Professor
Stephen William Hawking
810
00:50:07,560 --> 00:50:09,140
is an intellectual icon.
811
00:50:09,240 --> 00:50:11,620
Professor Stephen Hawking has
been acknowledged as one of
812
00:50:11,720 --> 00:50:14,180
the most brilliant scientists
in the world and also
813
00:50:14,280 --> 00:50:15,860
as one of its most courageous.
814
00:50:15,960 --> 00:50:19,460
The man often compared to
Galileo, Einstein and Newton.
815
00:50:19,560 --> 00:50:21,380
You've been dubbed
the new Einstein.
816
00:50:21,480 --> 00:50:23,060
How do you react to that?
817
00:50:23,160 --> 00:50:25,060
That is media hype.
818
00:50:27,400 --> 00:50:31,940
Peter: In those days, a million
copies was a huge bestseller.
819
00:50:32,040 --> 00:50:37,360
This book sold 10 million copies
worldwide.
820
00:50:39,400 --> 00:50:41,600
So, the success was phenomenal.
821
00:50:46,680 --> 00:50:48,860
Were you surprised
by its success?
822
00:50:48,960 --> 00:50:51,180
I'm told that soon
it will have been
823
00:50:51,280 --> 00:50:52,980
in the the bestseller list
824
00:50:53,080 --> 00:50:57,060
for longer than any other book
in history.
825
00:50:57,160 --> 00:51:00,380
There's an old joke,
which is there's two kinds of
826
00:51:00,480 --> 00:51:02,540
popular science book.
827
00:51:02,640 --> 00:51:04,460
There's
"A Brief History of Time,"
828
00:51:04,560 --> 00:51:06,560
and there's all the rest.
829
00:51:08,320 --> 00:51:10,260
My first encounter
with Stephen Hawking
830
00:51:10,360 --> 00:51:12,860
wasn't really planned at all.
831
00:51:12,960 --> 00:51:15,180
I found myself in
the University of California,
832
00:51:15,280 --> 00:51:18,420
Berkeley and I can remember
the press officer said,
833
00:51:18,520 --> 00:51:19,980
"There's going to be
a press conference."
834
00:51:20,080 --> 00:51:24,180
"Um, it's a British physicist,
Stephen Hawking."
835
00:51:24,280 --> 00:51:27,560
"He's going to launch his book,
A Brief History of Time."
836
00:51:29,160 --> 00:51:33,260
I was kind of blown away
by the ballyhoo of it all.
837
00:51:33,360 --> 00:51:37,460
The main auditorium
was completely overloaded.
838
00:51:37,560 --> 00:51:39,420
I've never seen a physicist
839
00:51:39,520 --> 00:51:43,760
with a kind of rock star
reception like this.
840
00:51:45,520 --> 00:51:47,980
There was something
extraordinary
841
00:51:48,080 --> 00:51:51,500
about the idea of a mind
842
00:51:51,600 --> 00:51:55,060
trapped in a near useless body
that was actually ranging
843
00:51:55,160 --> 00:51:57,020
across the whole universe.
844
00:51:58,720 --> 00:52:02,780
But I think also it struck
some collective nerve.
845
00:52:02,880 --> 00:52:07,180
People felt that they were
going to get tangible answers
846
00:52:07,280 --> 00:52:12,140
to some of the biggest questions
that had exercised theologians
847
00:52:12,240 --> 00:52:17,580
and religious figures
and philosophers over millennia.
848
00:52:17,680 --> 00:52:20,100
Stephen Hawking himself
talked about
849
00:52:20,200 --> 00:52:22,600
knowing the mind of God.
850
00:52:23,800 --> 00:52:26,140
And if you bought this book,
you, too,
851
00:52:26,240 --> 00:52:28,580
could share in these secrets.
852
00:52:28,680 --> 00:52:30,740
Did I read it? Um, No.
853
00:52:30,840 --> 00:52:32,660
I mean, I wouldn't have a clue
what was in it.
854
00:52:32,760 --> 00:52:34,760
I just didn't understand it.
855
00:52:40,600 --> 00:52:42,780
Tim: I got a sense that
the book was doing really well
856
00:52:42,880 --> 00:52:47,620
when my father took me out
to buy me
857
00:52:47,720 --> 00:52:49,380
what was at the time,
858
00:52:49,480 --> 00:52:51,740
the most expensive Lego set.
859
00:52:51,840 --> 00:52:56,260
It was about £100,
which in 1988 was actually
860
00:52:56,360 --> 00:52:58,580
a lot for-- for Christmas
and birthdays,
861
00:52:58,680 --> 00:53:02,100
let alone just
a sort of random gift.
862
00:53:02,200 --> 00:53:04,480
I got a sense
that things are changing.
863
00:53:06,880 --> 00:53:09,540
There were some sort
of great experiences
864
00:53:09,640 --> 00:53:10,980
that opened up to me.
865
00:53:11,080 --> 00:53:12,620
For example, I got to travel
with my dad
866
00:53:12,720 --> 00:53:16,460
to New York on Concord,
when I was 9.
867
00:53:16,560 --> 00:53:20,700
I was with my father
when he met the Pope.
868
00:53:20,800 --> 00:53:23,340
An interesting meeting of
two very
869
00:53:23,440 --> 00:53:26,600
divergent perspectives
on the world.
870
00:53:28,160 --> 00:53:32,980
Mary: The motif of
a crippled scientist
871
00:53:33,080 --> 00:53:39,000
contributed a great deal
to his public image.
872
00:53:40,800 --> 00:53:42,900
I've often wondered
how much of an icon Stephen
873
00:53:43,000 --> 00:53:46,720
would have been had he not had
motor neurone disease.
874
00:53:51,480 --> 00:53:52,980
Fame is a strange phenomenon.
875
00:53:53,080 --> 00:53:54,460
I mean, I-- I don't think really
876
00:53:54,560 --> 00:53:56,300
we understand it, what it is,
877
00:53:56,400 --> 00:53:58,380
why it happens to people, um...
878
00:53:58,480 --> 00:54:00,820
what the consequences are
for that person and also
879
00:54:00,920 --> 00:54:03,100
what the consequences are
for those around them.
880
00:54:05,000 --> 00:54:08,060
Judy: The post started
arriving.
881
00:54:08,160 --> 00:54:10,580
He had all these opportunities,
882
00:54:10,680 --> 00:54:13,900
and so whatever
he was presented with
883
00:54:14,000 --> 00:54:16,720
if it tickled his fancy,
he'd go for it.
884
00:54:23,880 --> 00:54:25,460
Jane: Success of the book
now gave him
885
00:54:25,560 --> 00:54:27,460
a new financial freedom,
886
00:54:27,560 --> 00:54:29,340
which meant he could go
where he liked,
887
00:54:29,440 --> 00:54:32,020
do what he liked,
and he didn't have
888
00:54:32,120 --> 00:54:34,780
to worry about the consequences.
889
00:54:37,440 --> 00:54:39,620
Can you hear me?
890
00:54:39,720 --> 00:54:42,980
Why do we remember the past,
but not the future?
891
00:54:43,080 --> 00:54:47,260
In other words, why does
time go forwards?
892
00:54:47,360 --> 00:54:50,680
Jane: He was mobbed and
worshipped wherever he went.
893
00:54:54,720 --> 00:54:57,520
Mary: Stephen always did love
being the centre of attention.
894
00:55:00,240 --> 00:55:02,820
He was a boy.
895
00:55:02,920 --> 00:55:04,860
He was number one.
896
00:55:04,960 --> 00:55:08,580
We went to a pantomime
at Golders Green once.
897
00:55:08,680 --> 00:55:12,540
He must have been about 8.
898
00:55:12,640 --> 00:55:14,540
They called for a child
in the audience
899
00:55:14,640 --> 00:55:17,380
to come up and sing a song.
900
00:55:17,480 --> 00:55:19,460
So, Stephen was out of his feet
and up there
901
00:55:19,560 --> 00:55:21,560
before anyone else.
902
00:55:23,080 --> 00:55:24,660
And he sang
903
00:55:24,760 --> 00:55:27,540
"Ye Gentlemen of England
that guard our native shores."
904
00:55:27,640 --> 00:55:31,380
And it's got about 20 verses.
905
00:55:31,480 --> 00:55:33,740
And Stephen insisted
on singing the whole lot
906
00:55:33,840 --> 00:55:36,520
and they couldn't shut him up.
907
00:55:39,440 --> 00:55:43,820
Lucy: He'd always been
the circus ring master,
908
00:55:43,920 --> 00:55:46,660
but with
"Brief History Of Time,"
909
00:55:46,760 --> 00:55:49,440
the circus got
a whole lot bigger.
910
00:55:54,280 --> 00:55:58,780
Jane: The children and I
had to be on parade...
911
00:55:58,880 --> 00:56:00,180
to support Stephen
912
00:56:00,280 --> 00:56:05,580
because Stephen wanted to be
recognised worldwide.
913
00:56:05,680 --> 00:56:09,040
And that became more and more
uncomfortable.
914
00:56:10,680 --> 00:56:13,420
Lucy: He didn't understand
the impact that he had
915
00:56:13,520 --> 00:56:16,340
on other people close to him.
916
00:56:16,440 --> 00:56:19,380
I don't think he understood
917
00:56:19,480 --> 00:56:21,380
what it was like
to be somebody else.
918
00:56:21,480 --> 00:56:22,980
I don't think he had that kind
919
00:56:23,080 --> 00:56:24,860
of empathetic interchange
920
00:56:24,960 --> 00:56:26,960
of what would this be
like for you?
921
00:56:29,080 --> 00:56:30,420
Jane: I'm not a scientist.
922
00:56:30,520 --> 00:56:32,140
I'm not an appendage
923
00:56:32,240 --> 00:56:34,820
of Stephen
as I very much feel I am
924
00:56:34,920 --> 00:56:37,860
Um, when we go to some of
these official gatherings.
925
00:56:37,960 --> 00:56:40,260
I mean, sometimes I'm not even
introduced to people.
926
00:56:40,360 --> 00:56:43,100
I come along behind, and, um,
927
00:56:43,200 --> 00:56:46,300
I-- I don't really know
who I'm speaking to.
928
00:56:50,880 --> 00:56:52,780
What gives you
the greatest pleasure?
929
00:56:52,880 --> 00:56:56,620
To discover something
new about the universe.
930
00:56:56,720 --> 00:56:58,180
Lucy: My father took
to the whole fame thing
931
00:56:58,280 --> 00:56:59,740
like a duck to water.
932
00:56:59,840 --> 00:57:03,580
However, people just didn't
understand how much effort
933
00:57:03,680 --> 00:57:07,980
he had to put into every
single public appearance.
934
00:57:08,080 --> 00:57:10,080
He said to me,
"I'm actually very lonely."
935
00:57:14,280 --> 00:57:17,940
Peter: I went to a party
in New York honouring Stephen
936
00:57:18,040 --> 00:57:20,500
as the man of the year, and
937
00:57:20,600 --> 00:57:23,060
Stephen was sitting
in his wheelchair,
938
00:57:23,160 --> 00:57:27,100
and people were very hesitant
to kind of bridge the gap
939
00:57:27,200 --> 00:57:30,540
to reach out to him
to come over and say anything.
940
00:57:30,640 --> 00:57:34,460
And as I approached,
it was just so clear
941
00:57:34,560 --> 00:57:38,060
that he was both relieved
and thrilled to see me.
942
00:57:38,160 --> 00:57:42,020
It was just relief, uh,
that somebody here is willing
943
00:57:42,120 --> 00:57:43,980
to kind of connect with me.
944
00:57:48,480 --> 00:57:50,780
Judy: Fame brought with it
945
00:57:50,880 --> 00:57:56,460
a lot of organisation
behind the scenes.
946
00:57:56,560 --> 00:57:59,860
A lot of other things
had to happen.
947
00:57:59,960 --> 00:58:02,700
We started to have
to think about
948
00:58:02,800 --> 00:58:04,940
how were we going
to get him
949
00:58:05,040 --> 00:58:09,300
to whichever lecture
he was going to give.
950
00:58:09,400 --> 00:58:11,560
Who would he need
to go with him?
951
00:58:13,200 --> 00:58:14,860
I saw the beginnings of
952
00:58:14,960 --> 00:58:18,460
a little bit of trouble
when Stephen's
953
00:58:18,560 --> 00:58:22,980
nurse Elaine came on the scene.
954
00:58:24,960 --> 00:58:28,940
Elaine was trying
to make sure that
955
00:58:29,040 --> 00:58:33,720
she was on duty
when she wanted to be on duty.
956
00:58:36,320 --> 00:58:40,620
Woman 1: I'm preoccupied
with trying to get him...
957
00:58:40,720 --> 00:58:43,400
in as good shape as I can.
958
00:58:46,800 --> 00:58:50,920
Judy: She just seemed
to me to be...
959
00:58:53,040 --> 00:58:57,020
maybe flamboyant at first,
960
00:58:57,120 --> 00:58:59,060
but Stephen seemed happy,
961
00:58:59,160 --> 00:59:01,440
and that was what was
important.
962
00:59:03,440 --> 00:59:06,780
Mary: Elaine was very,
very friendly.
963
00:59:06,880 --> 00:59:08,980
I think Stephen and Elaine
got on so well
964
00:59:09,080 --> 00:59:13,880
because they shared the same
sense of fun and humour.
965
00:59:18,120 --> 00:59:19,980
Fame, vulnerability, genius.
966
00:59:20,080 --> 00:59:22,080
These are all magnets.
967
00:59:22,920 --> 00:59:26,420
I realised that Elaine was
becoming more and more dominant.
968
00:59:26,520 --> 00:59:28,340
Oh, yes, that's right.
969
00:59:28,440 --> 00:59:29,660
Oh, right.
970
00:59:29,760 --> 00:59:31,620
The house seemed to sort of
reverberate
971
00:59:31,720 --> 00:59:33,300
to the sound of her laugh.
972
00:59:34,560 --> 00:59:36,680
She seemed to be around a lot.
973
00:59:38,720 --> 00:59:41,380
Jane: It was obvious that there
was a relationship
974
00:59:41,480 --> 00:59:44,180
between Stephen and Elaine.
975
00:59:44,280 --> 00:59:46,280
They didn't hide it.
976
00:59:47,320 --> 00:59:48,900
By comparison,
977
00:59:49,000 --> 00:59:51,620
my relationship with Jonathan
was very mild
978
00:59:51,720 --> 00:59:55,220
and dedicated to Stephen's care
979
00:59:55,320 --> 00:59:58,000
and keeping the family going.
980
00:59:59,600 --> 01:00:01,780
Stephen: I became more
and more unhappy
981
01:00:01,880 --> 01:00:04,740
about the increasingly
close relationship
982
01:00:04,840 --> 01:00:07,540
between Jane and Jonathan.
983
01:00:07,640 --> 01:00:11,080
In the end, I could stand
the situation no more.
984
01:00:12,800 --> 01:00:16,580
Mary: I'd rather doubt
whether Elaine was the cause
985
01:00:16,680 --> 01:00:19,220
of the breakdown in
986
01:00:19,320 --> 01:00:21,380
Stephen and Jane's relationship
987
01:00:21,480 --> 01:00:24,900
because I suspect that
that had broken down
988
01:00:25,000 --> 01:00:26,420
a considerable time before
989
01:00:26,520 --> 01:00:28,460
when Jonathan appeared
on the scene.
990
01:00:28,560 --> 01:00:31,260
I felt that Stephen
was being neglected
991
01:00:31,360 --> 01:00:33,700
in favour of Jonathan.
992
01:00:33,800 --> 01:00:35,620
Jonathan appeared
to be being treated
993
01:00:35,720 --> 01:00:38,020
as the man of the house
994
01:00:38,120 --> 01:00:40,420
and Stephen as a...
995
01:00:40,520 --> 01:00:43,420
dependent lodger.
996
01:00:43,520 --> 01:00:45,860
Tim: I had the sense
that the fabric of our
997
01:00:45,960 --> 01:00:49,740
immediate family
was breaking up somewhat.
998
01:00:49,840 --> 01:00:52,460
It was becoming a very
claustrophobic environment,
999
01:00:52,560 --> 01:00:56,580
but there was a lid on it,
just about...
1000
01:00:56,680 --> 01:00:59,040
and it felt all a bit fragile.
1001
01:01:08,120 --> 01:01:10,860
Jane: Stephen was complaining
that he didn't get time
1002
01:01:10,960 --> 01:01:13,300
to do any work in Cambridge,
there were always people
1003
01:01:13,400 --> 01:01:14,700
knocking at his door.
1004
01:01:14,800 --> 01:01:18,740
So, we had bought a house
in France.
1005
01:01:18,840 --> 01:01:22,020
And, then,
Elaine Mason and her husband
1006
01:01:22,120 --> 01:01:24,560
and sons arrived.
1007
01:01:26,880 --> 01:01:29,080
And that was the beginning
of the end.
1008
01:01:30,240 --> 01:01:32,220
I very clearly remember
1009
01:01:32,320 --> 01:01:34,900
the night when it all
sort of blew up.
1010
01:01:35,000 --> 01:01:37,460
It had been festering
for quite some time,
1011
01:01:37,560 --> 01:01:38,620
a bit like when you're waiting
1012
01:01:38,720 --> 01:01:40,900
for a thunderstorm
to-- to happen.
1013
01:01:44,200 --> 01:01:46,900
It was quite late and my room
was right above
1014
01:01:47,000 --> 01:01:48,940
the room where it was all
happening so I could hear it.
1015
01:01:49,040 --> 01:01:51,100
And then, of course,
I got out of bed,
1016
01:01:51,200 --> 01:01:53,060
in my pyjamas and then...
1017
01:01:53,160 --> 01:01:56,220
sort of went down and I was
just sort of sat on the floor
1018
01:01:56,320 --> 01:01:59,780
outside the room
where it was all happening.
1019
01:01:59,880 --> 01:02:03,060
I was berated
on all fronts.
1020
01:02:03,160 --> 01:02:05,940
I was a wicked woman,
I didn't look after Stephen.
1021
01:02:06,040 --> 01:02:09,280
You name it,
it was hurled at me.
1022
01:02:11,720 --> 01:02:13,660
Tim: One of the things
I remember my father saying
1023
01:02:13,760 --> 01:02:15,740
to my mother was...
1024
01:02:15,840 --> 01:02:19,580
that she, uh,
never kissed him on the lips.
1025
01:02:19,680 --> 01:02:21,300
Being sort of 8 or 9 years old,
I was like,
1026
01:02:21,400 --> 01:02:22,820
"Well, why is that a problem?"
1027
01:02:22,920 --> 01:02:24,940
I think you know, as you get
older you realise that,
1028
01:02:25,040 --> 01:02:27,340
that's I suppose something that,
you know, is important
1029
01:02:27,440 --> 01:02:30,220
within a relationship, so...
1030
01:02:30,320 --> 01:02:33,140
The key thing that I remember my
father saying on that night was
1031
01:02:33,240 --> 01:02:35,440
"If Elaine goes, Jonathan goes."
1032
01:02:37,080 --> 01:02:40,620
And it was the most
horrible time imaginable.
1033
01:02:40,720 --> 01:02:43,360
I don't really want
to go back over it.
1034
01:02:51,720 --> 01:02:53,900
We all understand
that people split up
1035
01:02:54,000 --> 01:02:57,620
and that people move on
and that these things happen.
1036
01:02:57,720 --> 01:03:00,640
However, Christmas day.
1037
01:03:01,920 --> 01:03:05,420
He gave us all our presents
in the morning.
1038
01:03:05,520 --> 01:03:07,220
And then my dad made
this big thing
1039
01:03:07,320 --> 01:03:09,320
of going off with Elaine.
1040
01:03:10,960 --> 01:03:12,780
Which I thought...
1041
01:03:12,880 --> 01:03:16,500
still think was
unnecessarily brutal.
1042
01:03:16,600 --> 01:03:18,500
We didn't have
the resources of adults,
1043
01:03:18,600 --> 01:03:20,020
we didn't have the mentality
of adults,
1044
01:03:20,120 --> 01:03:22,960
we didn't have the context
or the perspective.
1045
01:03:24,120 --> 01:03:26,120
We were just kids.
1046
01:03:28,600 --> 01:03:33,140
Professor Hawking, after
25 years of marriage to Jane,
1047
01:03:33,240 --> 01:03:34,540
what went wrong?
1048
01:03:34,640 --> 01:03:36,220
I won't answer that.
1049
01:03:36,320 --> 01:03:41,620
You've said yourself that Jane
gave you something to live for.
1050
01:03:41,720 --> 01:03:43,580
Why did you leave her?
1051
01:03:43,680 --> 01:03:45,680
I won't answer that.
1052
01:03:54,360 --> 01:03:55,620
Woman on TV: Stephen Hawking
arrived
1053
01:03:55,720 --> 01:03:56,620
at the Registrar office,
1054
01:03:56,720 --> 01:03:59,260
well prepared for the service.
1055
01:03:59,360 --> 01:04:01,100
The brilliant scientist
who has to use
1056
01:04:01,200 --> 01:04:04,620
a voice synthesiser to speak
had already programmed in
1057
01:04:04,720 --> 01:04:06,860
all his responses
for the ceremony.
1058
01:04:06,960 --> 01:04:09,980
You could not meet Elaine
and not be struck by Elaine.
1059
01:04:10,080 --> 01:04:13,020
Very open and warm...
1060
01:04:13,120 --> 01:04:18,380
Tall and striking and this kind
of mane of gold-red hair.
1061
01:04:18,480 --> 01:04:20,940
Stephen perked up a lot...
1062
01:04:21,040 --> 01:04:23,860
when he took up with Elaine.
1063
01:04:23,960 --> 01:04:25,960
He seemed happier.
1064
01:04:27,960 --> 01:04:30,680
I'm marrying
the woman I love.
1065
01:04:32,880 --> 01:04:37,420
Her positive cheerful
ebullience,
1066
01:04:37,520 --> 01:04:42,140
slightly wacky sense of humour
et cetera all...
1067
01:04:42,240 --> 01:04:46,340
all seemed to benefit Stephen.
1068
01:04:46,440 --> 01:04:49,180
This is the most loving man
I know.
1069
01:04:49,280 --> 01:04:51,680
And the coolest man I know.
1070
01:04:57,640 --> 01:05:00,380
I had seen enough of Elaine
by then
1071
01:05:00,480 --> 01:05:03,780
to think there was no way
I could be there.
1072
01:05:03,880 --> 01:05:06,420
Robert: I went because
he was my father,
1073
01:05:06,520 --> 01:05:08,900
and I wanted to...
1074
01:05:09,000 --> 01:05:11,980
be with him
when he'd invited me.
1075
01:05:12,080 --> 01:05:16,580
I wasn't entirely sure about
the-- the marriage itself
1076
01:05:16,680 --> 01:05:21,740
but I wanted to have
a relationship with him.
1077
01:05:21,840 --> 01:05:25,100
David: Stephen was always
looking to the future.
1078
01:05:25,200 --> 01:05:28,220
His drive to live,
1079
01:05:28,320 --> 01:05:32,900
to progress,
to do things is just...
1080
01:05:33,000 --> 01:05:35,880
perhaps his-- his
greatest thing.
1081
01:05:37,720 --> 01:05:42,420
Robert: My father
liked the idea that...
1082
01:05:42,520 --> 01:05:45,220
women maybe... might be
attracted to him.
1083
01:05:45,320 --> 01:05:47,420
People with disabilities
1084
01:05:47,520 --> 01:05:49,540
can-- can have relationships
1085
01:05:49,640 --> 01:05:52,660
and they can have
intimate relationships.
1086
01:05:52,760 --> 01:05:54,860
Tim: My father had a very
egalitarian approach
1087
01:05:54,960 --> 01:05:57,100
to his own life in terms of
what he felt
1088
01:05:57,200 --> 01:05:58,900
he was en-- entitled to.
1089
01:05:59,000 --> 01:06:00,180
Whether it was...
1090
01:06:00,280 --> 01:06:01,220
trying different foods,
1091
01:06:01,320 --> 01:06:03,140
going on roller coasters,
1092
01:06:03,240 --> 01:06:06,420
uh, or-- or having a sex life,
you know, an active one.
1093
01:06:06,520 --> 01:06:09,740
Perhaps that was
an aspect of his life
1094
01:06:09,840 --> 01:06:12,720
that he wanted
to-- to reawaken.
1095
01:06:14,280 --> 01:06:16,480
Elaine and Stephen
had a lot of...
1096
01:06:17,600 --> 01:06:19,600
fun together.
1097
01:06:21,960 --> 01:06:25,820
Elaine gave Stephen a ride
in a hot-air balloon,
1098
01:06:25,920 --> 01:06:27,820
as a birthday present.
1099
01:06:32,120 --> 01:06:35,980
Him sort of grinning
all over his face,
1100
01:06:36,080 --> 01:06:37,420
and enjoying himself. He...
1101
01:06:37,520 --> 01:06:40,060
That's the sort of thing
he liked doing.
1102
01:06:40,160 --> 01:06:41,580
Man on TV: The professor
who suffers
1103
01:06:41,680 --> 01:06:43,060
from motor neurone disease,
1104
01:06:43,160 --> 01:06:45,060
spent around an hour
in the air,
1105
01:06:45,160 --> 01:06:48,540
before landing rather
undignified but happy.
1106
01:06:48,640 --> 01:06:51,580
This is something
I have always wanted to do.
1107
01:06:51,680 --> 01:06:53,900
- Cheers.
- Cheers.
1108
01:06:54,000 --> 01:06:58,080
She enjoyed the same sort of
jokes, the same sort of...
1109
01:06:59,920 --> 01:07:01,740
silliness.
1110
01:07:01,840 --> 01:07:03,700
He had a party.
1111
01:07:03,800 --> 01:07:07,380
And, he and Elaine were
doing a conga.
1112
01:07:07,480 --> 01:07:09,460
You know, leading it
around the room,
1113
01:07:09,560 --> 01:07:12,420
Stephen in a wheelchair.
1114
01:07:12,520 --> 01:07:15,300
And I can't see
Jane doing that.
1115
01:07:16,720 --> 01:07:19,340
David: Stephen loved a party.
1116
01:07:19,440 --> 01:07:22,140
And he loved to surprise
people.
1117
01:07:22,240 --> 01:07:24,060
At his 60th birthday,
1118
01:07:24,160 --> 01:07:28,980
in burst the Can-Can girls
from the Folies Bergere.
1119
01:07:31,360 --> 01:07:35,180
He brought the whole
troop over.
1120
01:07:35,280 --> 01:07:39,660
And we have all these ladies
in their famous frilly dresses,
1121
01:07:39,760 --> 01:07:42,000
dancing around the tables.
1122
01:07:43,640 --> 01:07:47,640
I mean that was... so Stephen.
1123
01:07:49,120 --> 01:07:52,860
He had a very mischievous
sense of humour.
1124
01:08:06,800 --> 01:08:08,860
Marika: Theoretical physics
is a world which is,
1125
01:08:08,960 --> 01:08:10,960
is full of men.
1126
01:08:12,560 --> 01:08:16,780
Stephen had two female
doctoral students.
1127
01:08:16,880 --> 01:08:19,920
And I think he was very
supportive to both of us.
1128
01:08:24,520 --> 01:08:26,660
But there was
a certain amount of
1129
01:08:26,760 --> 01:08:29,340
attitudes towards women
which wouldn't be
1130
01:08:29,440 --> 01:08:32,220
so common these days.
1131
01:08:32,320 --> 01:08:35,020
He had on his wall, you know,
I think it's quite well known
1132
01:08:35,120 --> 01:08:36,940
he had a picture of
Marilyn Monroe.
1133
01:08:37,040 --> 01:08:38,940
He liked it when there
was a beautiful woman
1134
01:08:39,040 --> 01:08:40,780
who was serving him
in a restaurant.
1135
01:08:40,880 --> 01:08:42,820
He'd always like
to sort of smile.
1136
01:08:42,920 --> 01:08:47,020
I wouldn't say qu-- quite flirt,
but almost-- almost that.
1137
01:08:47,120 --> 01:08:49,520
He enjoyed
the company of women.
1138
01:08:51,800 --> 01:08:53,820
This was not something
that particularly bothered me,
1139
01:08:53,920 --> 01:08:57,620
because it-- it didn't reflect
any disrespect towards women,
1140
01:08:57,720 --> 01:08:59,420
it didn't mean
that he didn't consider
1141
01:08:59,520 --> 01:09:02,780
women as intellectual equals.
1142
01:09:02,880 --> 01:09:06,440
But it's also a fact that
he didn't hire many women.
1143
01:09:14,200 --> 01:09:16,980
Stephen was very keen that
he and I would work together
1144
01:09:17,080 --> 01:09:19,300
using String Theory
to understand
1145
01:09:19,400 --> 01:09:22,020
properties of black holes.
1146
01:09:22,120 --> 01:09:24,980
He saw this as a way of
unlocking the puzzles
1147
01:09:25,080 --> 01:09:29,020
that he had been trying
to solve for 20 years.
1148
01:09:29,120 --> 01:09:31,340
Roger: He was perhaps a bit
over-optimistic
1149
01:09:31,440 --> 01:09:34,640
about how close we were
to that Theory Of Everything.
1150
01:09:36,320 --> 01:09:40,060
But you can see him,
his whole life,
1151
01:09:40,160 --> 01:09:42,340
going for this horizon,
1152
01:09:42,440 --> 01:09:45,780
trying to come up with this
mathematical picture
1153
01:09:45,880 --> 01:09:47,880
of how the universe works.
1154
01:09:50,240 --> 01:09:55,260
Many people... judge that
Stephen's best work
1155
01:09:55,360 --> 01:09:57,740
was created before he was 30.
1156
01:09:57,840 --> 01:09:59,840
I'm not sure that's right.
1157
01:10:00,720 --> 01:10:03,300
I saw no diminution
1158
01:10:03,400 --> 01:10:06,820
in his quest to know...
1159
01:10:06,920 --> 01:10:09,640
the structure of
space and time.
1160
01:10:11,720 --> 01:10:14,620
I think one of the enormously
likeable things, um...
1161
01:10:14,720 --> 01:10:16,100
very sort of
heart warming things,
1162
01:10:16,200 --> 01:10:17,620
about my father as a person,
1163
01:10:17,720 --> 01:10:21,440
is that he is in many ways
the opposite of...
1164
01:10:22,400 --> 01:10:25,140
an ivory tower genius.
1165
01:10:25,240 --> 01:10:27,020
He-- he's a real human being
1166
01:10:27,120 --> 01:10:28,940
who has all these experiences,
1167
01:10:29,040 --> 01:10:30,500
has this brilliant mind,
1168
01:10:30,600 --> 01:10:32,620
works incredibly hard,
1169
01:10:32,720 --> 01:10:36,620
gets things wrong,
picks up, carries on...
1170
01:10:36,720 --> 01:10:40,380
It's this never giving up
quality about him.
1171
01:10:40,480 --> 01:10:43,420
He was more or less able to do
1172
01:10:43,520 --> 01:10:46,100
most of the things
he wanted to do.
1173
01:10:46,200 --> 01:10:50,520
Although, there were some
significant health collapses.
1174
01:10:52,520 --> 01:10:56,540
Well, I first met Stephen
completely by chance
1175
01:10:56,640 --> 01:10:58,900
on an aeroplane coming back
1176
01:10:59,000 --> 01:11:03,260
from... Greece in 1998.
1177
01:11:03,360 --> 01:11:07,460
The nurse was feeding him
some liquidised food.
1178
01:11:07,560 --> 01:11:09,900
But I could see
this liquid food
1179
01:11:10,000 --> 01:11:13,660
being coughed out of
the tracheostomy tube.
1180
01:11:13,760 --> 01:11:16,720
And this alarmed me
considerably.
1181
01:11:19,200 --> 01:11:23,620
El-- Elaine asked me if I would
visit them at home,
1182
01:11:23,720 --> 01:11:26,560
and-- and discuss
the situation a bit more.
1183
01:11:31,840 --> 01:11:33,660
I could see very clearly that
1184
01:11:33,760 --> 01:11:37,580
his larynx was functionless.
1185
01:11:37,680 --> 01:11:42,500
It wasn't able to close
in any fashion.
1186
01:11:42,600 --> 01:11:45,500
Any food that
went down his gullet,
1187
01:11:45,600 --> 01:11:49,020
would then go into his lungs.
1188
01:11:49,120 --> 01:11:53,820
He would literally have drowned
in any food or liquid
1189
01:11:53,920 --> 01:11:56,360
that he had
then been given.
1190
01:11:57,680 --> 01:11:59,900
We had to separate his
1191
01:12:00,000 --> 01:12:02,840
food way and airway
permanently.
1192
01:12:04,880 --> 01:12:06,860
David admitted
that the odds of me
1193
01:12:06,960 --> 01:12:10,860
surviving the reconstructed
throat surgery were slim.
1194
01:12:10,960 --> 01:12:14,820
But then we also knew
that my odds of enjoying life
1195
01:12:14,920 --> 01:12:17,260
or surviving for much longer
1196
01:12:17,360 --> 01:12:19,620
were also minimal.
1197
01:12:19,720 --> 01:12:22,640
I decided to have
the operation.
1198
01:12:25,520 --> 01:12:28,020
David: When you have
a laryngectomy,
1199
01:12:28,120 --> 01:12:31,220
you breathe directly
into your lungs,
1200
01:12:31,320 --> 01:12:35,820
so, one of the advantages was
he could breathe more easily.
1201
01:12:35,920 --> 01:12:38,820
And as he was
very fond of saying it,
1202
01:12:38,920 --> 01:12:41,580
it meant that he could carry on
breathing on his own
1203
01:12:41,680 --> 01:12:44,320
for the next number of years.
1204
01:12:46,920 --> 01:12:51,500
Elaine was an integral part
of this decision.
1205
01:12:51,600 --> 01:12:54,740
She understood
the-- the physiology
1206
01:12:54,840 --> 01:12:56,880
and anatomy of the problem.
1207
01:13:02,040 --> 01:13:04,220
Stephen: My marriage to Elaine
was passionate
1208
01:13:04,320 --> 01:13:06,220
and tempestuous.
1209
01:13:06,320 --> 01:13:09,820
We had our ups and downs.
1210
01:13:09,920 --> 01:13:14,080
But Elaine being a nurse saved
my life on several occasions.
1211
01:13:17,120 --> 01:13:18,620
Lucy: Elaine definitely
liked some people
1212
01:13:18,720 --> 01:13:20,720
and didn't like other people.
1213
01:13:25,520 --> 01:13:28,040
I went out to stay
with my dad in California.
1214
01:13:30,920 --> 01:13:33,620
And I woke up in the night.
1215
01:13:33,720 --> 01:13:36,420
And I could hear Elaine
shouting at my father saying,
1216
01:13:36,520 --> 01:13:38,740
"Tell her to leave,
she has to go."
1217
01:13:38,840 --> 01:13:40,300
And, I could hear
my father saying,
1218
01:13:40,400 --> 01:13:42,520
"Please let her stay,
she is my daughter."
1219
01:13:47,440 --> 01:13:50,220
So, I put my trainers on,
I climbed out the window.
1220
01:13:50,320 --> 01:13:52,740
I was on the ground floor
and I went jogging around
1221
01:13:52,840 --> 01:13:56,080
L.A. until the sun rose.
1222
01:13:58,920 --> 01:14:00,820
I talked to my father many times
about his relationship
1223
01:14:00,920 --> 01:14:04,180
with Elaine and I said to him
how worried I was for him.
1224
01:14:04,280 --> 01:14:05,620
He just said,
1225
01:14:05,720 --> 01:14:09,280
"Please just put up with her
for my sake."
1226
01:14:13,480 --> 01:14:16,780
Robert: I was aware
that there were
1227
01:14:16,880 --> 01:14:20,820
challenges in-- in my father's
relationship with Elaine.
1228
01:14:20,920 --> 01:14:22,920
I, um...
1229
01:14:24,520 --> 01:14:27,880
heard about things
from other people.
1230
01:14:31,000 --> 01:14:35,280
It was... worrying
and confusing.
1231
01:14:46,680 --> 01:14:48,740
Tim: I overheard Elaine
when she was, uh,
1232
01:14:48,840 --> 01:14:51,040
feeding my-- my dad
his breakfast.
1233
01:14:53,040 --> 01:14:55,980
She was saying...
1234
01:14:56,080 --> 01:14:58,260
things to him that were
1235
01:14:58,360 --> 01:15:01,220
uh, what I would think of as
1236
01:15:01,320 --> 01:15:04,960
put downs, sarcastic comments.
1237
01:15:07,320 --> 01:15:10,660
But I didn't understand
whether this was some form of
1238
01:15:10,760 --> 01:15:14,580
role play between them, that--
that was accepted on both sides
1239
01:15:14,680 --> 01:15:17,700
and which they would
snap out of.
1240
01:15:17,800 --> 01:15:19,460
I've never talked to anyone
about that.
1241
01:15:19,560 --> 01:15:21,820
That was 23 years ago.
1242
01:15:21,920 --> 01:15:24,840
Your head's falling forward,
come on.
1243
01:15:25,920 --> 01:15:27,920
Did you say no to me?
1244
01:15:38,680 --> 01:15:40,460
Man on TV: Cambridge here, police
say they are talking
1245
01:15:40,560 --> 01:15:43,000
to a number of people
about the allegations.
1246
01:15:48,120 --> 01:15:50,580
The professor himself is
currently in hospital
1247
01:15:50,680 --> 01:15:53,480
recovering from an unrelated
chest infection.
1248
01:15:56,040 --> 01:15:58,100
Lucy: The phone rang at
7 o'clock in the morning,
1249
01:15:58,200 --> 01:16:01,380
on the 2nd of November,
uh, 1999.
1250
01:16:01,480 --> 01:16:02,940
And I thought it would be
somebody calling
1251
01:16:03,040 --> 01:16:04,620
to say Happy Birthday,
and it wasn't.
1252
01:16:04,720 --> 01:16:06,820
And it was somebody who worked
for my father saying,
1253
01:16:06,920 --> 01:16:08,580
"Elaine has broken your
father's arm."
1254
01:16:08,680 --> 01:16:10,460
"You have to do something
about this."
1255
01:16:10,560 --> 01:16:14,420
I went to see him and he said,
"No, no, that didn't happen."
1256
01:16:14,520 --> 01:16:16,520
"She didn't break my arm."
1257
01:16:17,480 --> 01:16:19,740
I was just appalled
and very saddened
1258
01:16:19,840 --> 01:16:23,420
to find that Stephen's situation
over all these long years
1259
01:16:23,520 --> 01:16:27,440
has been far worse
than any of us ever imagined.
1260
01:16:29,120 --> 01:16:32,020
Man on TV: Police say they
would also like to talk to him,
1261
01:16:32,120 --> 01:16:34,620
at his convenience.
1262
01:16:34,720 --> 01:16:37,480
I was very concerned about him.
1263
01:16:38,880 --> 01:16:40,620
Very concerned about him
particularly
1264
01:16:40,720 --> 01:16:42,380
when I went to talk
to him because
1265
01:16:42,480 --> 01:16:44,880
he had bruises
all over his face.
1266
01:16:47,200 --> 01:16:49,600
He wouldn't tell me
how he got them.
1267
01:16:52,520 --> 01:16:55,660
I tried to-- to
communicate with him.
1268
01:16:55,760 --> 01:17:00,260
But it didn't... end up with
1269
01:17:00,360 --> 01:17:04,040
clarity which
I found frustrating.
1270
01:17:06,000 --> 01:17:07,620
Man on TV: Physicist
Stephen Hawking tonight
1271
01:17:07,720 --> 01:17:09,420
dismissed reports
that he's been assaulted
1272
01:17:09,520 --> 01:17:11,800
and abused as completely false.
1273
01:17:13,600 --> 01:17:18,020
I really don't know what to say
1274
01:17:18,120 --> 01:17:20,420
about his point of view on this
1275
01:17:20,520 --> 01:17:22,920
because he didn't
explain it to me.
1276
01:17:24,520 --> 01:17:27,320
He chose to tell me
it wasn't happening.
1277
01:17:29,360 --> 01:17:31,680
And so, why?
1278
01:17:35,120 --> 01:17:39,180
I think she enforced his
dependence on her...
1279
01:17:39,280 --> 01:17:42,100
as in you know without me
you'll just have nobody
1280
01:17:42,200 --> 01:17:44,200
to look after you.
1281
01:17:54,320 --> 01:17:58,660
The situation regarding the
allegations is very distressing.
1282
01:17:58,760 --> 01:18:02,140
They were thoroughly
investigated.
1283
01:18:02,240 --> 01:18:05,440
Stephen absolutely denied them.
1284
01:18:07,280 --> 01:18:11,500
You're looking at a situation
where with paralysis,
1285
01:18:11,600 --> 01:18:14,220
the bones become extremely
thin and fragile.
1286
01:18:14,320 --> 01:18:16,340
You know,
you just look at him...
1287
01:18:16,440 --> 01:18:18,520
and something broke.
1288
01:18:20,040 --> 01:18:23,820
I didn't believe
the allegations...
1289
01:18:23,920 --> 01:18:25,920
at all.
1290
01:18:40,160 --> 01:18:42,420
Lucy: After the enquiry
was dropped,
1291
01:18:42,520 --> 01:18:43,980
I just didn't know what to do.
1292
01:18:44,080 --> 01:18:46,080
It was absolute torture.
1293
01:18:47,120 --> 01:18:50,700
People were deeply
suspicious of me, um...
1294
01:18:50,800 --> 01:18:55,560
It was a really very upsetting,
damaging and difficult time.
1295
01:18:57,920 --> 01:19:01,500
At the same time, my son was
diagnosed as severely autistic.
1296
01:19:01,600 --> 01:19:03,540
Uh, when I got divorced and...
1297
01:19:03,640 --> 01:19:05,980
my career sort of packed up
and left me.
1298
01:19:06,080 --> 01:19:09,620
I drank too much
and I needed to stop.
1299
01:19:09,720 --> 01:19:11,980
In the middle of all of this,
1300
01:19:12,080 --> 01:19:14,060
he wrote this letter.
1301
01:19:14,160 --> 01:19:16,560
And he wrote to me and he said,
"I love you very much."
1302
01:19:18,880 --> 01:19:21,720
"And I've been
in a dark place, too."
1303
01:19:23,200 --> 01:19:26,940
"And I want you to--
I want you to come back."
1304
01:19:27,040 --> 01:19:29,560
"And, um,
it was time to try again."
1305
01:19:36,640 --> 01:19:39,940
It was quite a few years
after the allegations,
1306
01:19:40,040 --> 01:19:42,420
that Stephen
and Elaine broke up.
1307
01:19:42,520 --> 01:19:46,060
I don't know whether
those allegations
1308
01:19:46,160 --> 01:19:49,260
had anything to do with it.
1309
01:19:49,360 --> 01:19:51,300
But I could see
the difficulties
1310
01:19:51,400 --> 01:19:53,020
that were occurring.
1311
01:19:53,120 --> 01:19:57,020
Stephen's disability was
becoming difficult to manage.
1312
01:19:57,120 --> 01:20:01,220
He was spending far more time
in hospital.
1313
01:20:01,320 --> 01:20:02,980
He got extremely tired.
1314
01:20:03,080 --> 01:20:07,820
He was... putting his energy
into his work
1315
01:20:07,920 --> 01:20:12,000
which didn't leave much left
over for anything else.
1316
01:20:16,040 --> 01:20:19,780
Jonathan Wood: When he was
working, he was able to...
1317
01:20:19,880 --> 01:20:22,540
go at this crazy pace and...
1318
01:20:22,640 --> 01:20:25,420
achieve all these things.
1319
01:20:25,520 --> 01:20:27,020
Partly I think
because of the people
1320
01:20:27,120 --> 01:20:28,820
and the support he had around him.
1321
01:20:28,920 --> 01:20:31,520
I spent more time with him
than I spent with my wife.
1322
01:20:35,680 --> 01:20:39,260
I haven't really talked
about Stephen...
1323
01:20:39,360 --> 01:20:42,860
um, to anyone since his death.
1324
01:20:42,960 --> 01:20:45,660
And it just felt, um...
1325
01:20:45,760 --> 01:20:47,960
it still feels painful, I think.
1326
01:20:53,760 --> 01:20:56,940
It was a very
laborious process,
1327
01:20:57,040 --> 01:20:59,800
getting him hoisted
out of bed...
1328
01:21:01,640 --> 01:21:04,740
Being assisted in the bathroom,
1329
01:21:04,840 --> 01:21:08,680
getting ready and fed,
having breakfast.
1330
01:21:10,280 --> 01:21:13,520
I guess nobody really saw that.
1331
01:21:21,400 --> 01:21:23,780
The voice synthesiser was
an extension of himself
1332
01:21:23,880 --> 01:21:26,580
and then,
because I was maintaining
1333
01:21:26,680 --> 01:21:28,420
that and enabling him to travel,
1334
01:21:28,520 --> 01:21:31,600
I was in some way
an extension of him.
1335
01:21:33,480 --> 01:21:36,520
As I would view
his care team...
1336
01:21:38,160 --> 01:21:40,380
it was a very
personal relationship
1337
01:21:40,480 --> 01:21:42,640
for everybody
that worked with him.
1338
01:21:44,320 --> 01:21:47,880
It transcended
that of a colleague.
1339
01:21:52,240 --> 01:21:54,520
I think we were his family.
1340
01:22:04,400 --> 01:22:06,880
Lucy: It's really nice to be
back in his life.
1341
01:22:08,720 --> 01:22:11,040
You know, coming back together
again as a family.
1342
01:22:13,080 --> 01:22:15,220
We-- we really,
you know started getting on,
1343
01:22:15,320 --> 01:22:17,220
we started talking a lot.
1344
01:22:17,320 --> 01:22:19,360
We started working together.
1345
01:22:24,400 --> 01:22:27,020
All the time he was pushing
back the boundaries
1346
01:22:27,120 --> 01:22:30,480
of this is what I can do.
1347
01:22:33,600 --> 01:22:35,220
And it was completely different,
you know, wow,
1348
01:22:35,320 --> 01:22:38,060
I was like, "Wow, this is...
God, things have moved on."
1349
01:22:46,440 --> 01:22:48,740
Jonathan Wood: He enjoyed
1350
01:22:48,840 --> 01:22:51,580
the celebrity side of it,
definitely.
1351
01:22:51,680 --> 01:22:54,020
He also saw it as a means of
1352
01:22:54,120 --> 01:22:57,440
communicating his physics
to a wider audience.
1353
01:22:58,520 --> 01:23:02,000
Hello, Beijing,
can you hear me?
1354
01:23:03,840 --> 01:23:06,620
Stephen: Our picture of
the universe has changed
1355
01:23:06,720 --> 01:23:09,260
a great deal
in the last 50 years
1356
01:23:09,360 --> 01:23:13,440
and I'm happy if I have
made a small contribution.
1357
01:23:19,120 --> 01:23:22,900
Lucy: In 2009, we got the
invitation from Barack Obama
1358
01:23:23,000 --> 01:23:26,340
to go to the White House and
receive his Medal Of Freedom.
1359
01:23:26,440 --> 01:23:27,780
By then,
you know, we were worried
1360
01:23:27,880 --> 01:23:30,540
his health had deteriorated
quite a lot.
1361
01:23:30,640 --> 01:23:33,140
And he said to me, "I really
want to go, what do you think?"
1362
01:23:33,240 --> 01:23:36,260
And I had to say, "Do you
understand that if we do this,
1363
01:23:36,360 --> 01:23:39,500
there is quite a big chance
that this trip could kill you,
1364
01:23:39,600 --> 01:23:41,060
that you may die in them?"
1365
01:23:41,160 --> 01:23:42,500
And he said,
1366
01:23:42,600 --> 01:23:44,820
"I don't mind dying
in the White House provided,
1367
01:23:44,920 --> 01:23:47,060
I've met Barack and Michelle
first."
1368
01:23:47,160 --> 01:23:50,020
Professor Stephen Hawking
was a brilliant man
1369
01:23:50,120 --> 01:23:52,420
and a mediocre student.
1370
01:23:55,120 --> 01:23:58,820
When he lost his balance and
tumbled down a flight of stairs,
1371
01:23:58,920 --> 01:24:01,340
diagnosed with
a rare disease and told
1372
01:24:01,440 --> 01:24:03,700
he had just a few years to live,
1373
01:24:03,800 --> 01:24:06,540
he chose to live
with new purpose.
1374
01:24:06,640 --> 01:24:10,020
And happily in the four decades
since he has become
1375
01:24:10,120 --> 01:24:12,440
one of the world's
leading scientists.
1376
01:24:16,240 --> 01:24:18,700
As time wore on, he became
little bit more circumspect
1377
01:24:18,800 --> 01:24:22,860
in terms of what
opportunities he took up.
1378
01:24:22,960 --> 01:24:25,060
The opening ceremony of
the Paralympics
1379
01:24:25,160 --> 01:24:26,780
is obviously a notable
1380
01:24:26,880 --> 01:24:29,660
occasion where he felt like
1381
01:24:29,760 --> 01:24:33,300
he could take that sort of
showmanship and combine it with,
1382
01:24:33,400 --> 01:24:35,400
with a message.
1383
01:24:36,600 --> 01:24:39,460
Stephen: Ever since
the dawn of civilisation,
1384
01:24:39,560 --> 01:24:42,140
people have craved
for an understanding
1385
01:24:42,240 --> 01:24:44,940
of the underlying
order of the world.
1386
01:24:47,520 --> 01:24:49,620
Lucy: It was just electric.
1387
01:24:49,720 --> 01:24:54,220
I mean, the whole of that stadium
just rose to their feet
1388
01:24:54,320 --> 01:24:56,020
when he came out
and started speaking.
1389
01:24:56,120 --> 01:24:59,500
It was so beautiful.
1390
01:24:59,600 --> 01:25:02,900
Jonathan Wood:
Delivering a message of hope,
1391
01:25:03,000 --> 01:25:05,300
was important to him.
1392
01:25:05,400 --> 01:25:07,700
However difficult
life may seem,
1393
01:25:07,800 --> 01:25:10,420
there is always
something you can do
1394
01:25:10,520 --> 01:25:12,300
and succeed at.
1395
01:25:12,400 --> 01:25:15,020
He'd had these struggles
through his life
1396
01:25:15,120 --> 01:25:19,220
and that he wanted to know,
he wanted people to know that...
1397
01:25:19,320 --> 01:25:22,540
they could,
they could do things.
1398
01:25:22,640 --> 01:25:25,880
They could achieve things.
They shouldn't be held back.
1399
01:25:29,720 --> 01:25:31,900
The games provide
an opportunity
1400
01:25:32,000 --> 01:25:33,580
for athletes to excel
1401
01:25:33,680 --> 01:25:38,340
to stretch themselves and become
outstanding in their field.
1402
01:25:38,440 --> 01:25:41,420
So, let us together
celebrate excellence,
1403
01:25:41,520 --> 01:25:43,980
friendship and respect.
1404
01:25:44,080 --> 01:25:46,100
Good luck to you all.
1405
01:25:56,840 --> 01:26:00,620
Stephen Hawking, uh, certainly
was famous for his physics
1406
01:26:00,720 --> 01:26:04,420
but I like to say that
he's classical archetype hero.
1407
01:26:04,520 --> 01:26:08,020
People said,
"If he can face that challenge,
1408
01:26:08,120 --> 01:26:10,260
then I can face my challenge."
1409
01:26:10,360 --> 01:26:12,360
That's what a hero is for.
1410
01:26:13,120 --> 01:26:15,620
When we look back on
Stephen Hawking's legacy,
1411
01:26:15,720 --> 01:26:19,700
I think it's quite
difficult to unpick
1412
01:26:19,800 --> 01:26:24,300
the scientist from the person
because I think they're so...
1413
01:26:24,400 --> 01:26:26,720
combined in people's minds.
1414
01:26:30,440 --> 01:26:32,900
Things that had
previously been easy for him,
1415
01:26:33,000 --> 01:26:36,420
were becoming harder
and harder.
1416
01:26:36,520 --> 01:26:40,420
He was spending far more
time in hospital.
1417
01:26:40,520 --> 01:26:43,280
It was just general systems...
1418
01:26:44,600 --> 01:26:46,700
packing up slowly.
1419
01:26:46,800 --> 01:26:50,540
His neurologist told him that
1420
01:26:50,640 --> 01:26:53,680
there really was nothing more
they could do for him.
1421
01:26:56,000 --> 01:27:00,580
I found myself in a situation
with him where I had to-- to...
1422
01:27:00,680 --> 01:27:02,540
basically explain to him that,
1423
01:27:02,640 --> 01:27:04,820
he was now going
into palliative care.
1424
01:27:04,920 --> 01:27:08,900
And that the doctors had said
he was now untreatable.
1425
01:27:09,000 --> 01:27:11,420
And that was probably
the biggest conversation
1426
01:27:11,520 --> 01:27:13,620
he and I
ever had about it and...
1427
01:27:13,720 --> 01:27:16,980
it seems ironic that-- that came
so late, you know,
1428
01:27:17,080 --> 01:27:19,800
he was 75 by then.
1429
01:27:24,720 --> 01:27:27,020
Lucy: And, he said to me,
"I would like to go home
1430
01:27:27,120 --> 01:27:29,120
to die now, please."
1431
01:27:42,880 --> 01:27:44,980
I-- I had the opportunity
to spend quite a bit of time
1432
01:27:45,080 --> 01:27:47,760
with my dad in the,
in the final few months.
1433
01:27:50,080 --> 01:27:52,380
It was just more about
being there
1434
01:27:52,480 --> 01:27:54,480
and spending time together.
1435
01:27:56,120 --> 01:27:58,820
Seeing him, in-- in bed,
1436
01:27:58,920 --> 01:28:00,260
uh, away from the chair,
1437
01:28:00,360 --> 01:28:03,660
sort of helped foster a bit more
of a personal connection,
1438
01:28:03,760 --> 01:28:06,420
because all of things around him
had been taken away
1439
01:28:06,520 --> 01:28:08,680
and it just-- just him again.
1440
01:28:11,760 --> 01:28:15,780
Uh, I was surprised at
how badly I took it.
1441
01:28:15,880 --> 01:28:20,000
This was something that I had
been expecting for 50 years.
1442
01:28:22,920 --> 01:28:24,920
And...
1443
01:28:27,120 --> 01:28:29,120
it still hit me.
1444
01:28:33,120 --> 01:28:36,340
Lucy: Those last days, weeks,
it was lovely actually,
1445
01:28:36,440 --> 01:28:39,820
just sitting there with him.
1446
01:28:39,920 --> 01:28:42,820
Unexpectedly, all this
snow fell
1447
01:28:42,920 --> 01:28:45,300
and I remember my father lying
in bed with...
1448
01:28:45,400 --> 01:28:48,420
his curtains open,
so could see the snow.
1449
01:28:48,520 --> 01:28:49,620
And my brother and I went out
1450
01:28:49,720 --> 01:28:52,140
and built a snowman
in the garden.
1451
01:28:52,240 --> 01:28:54,460
And the snowman was looking up,
we tilted his head,
1452
01:28:54,560 --> 01:28:57,920
so that the snowman,
we made a snow astronomer.
1453
01:29:02,680 --> 01:29:04,980
Stephen: So, remember
to look up at the stars
1454
01:29:05,080 --> 01:29:07,080
and not down at your feet.
1455
01:29:09,120 --> 01:29:12,340
Try to make sense of what
you see and wonder about
1456
01:29:12,440 --> 01:29:14,680
what makes the universe exist.
1457
01:29:17,360 --> 01:29:19,360
Be curious.