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Downloaded from
YTS.MX

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Official YIFY movies site:
YTS.MX

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- For the press.
- And they can see it.

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(group laughs)

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I don't mind. I don't matter.

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- [Narrator] 70 Years.

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Seven decades of service
and duty to her people.

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Our record breaking
Platinum Queen.

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Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth
II has devoted herself

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to her people since 1952
following the early death

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of her father King George VI.

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As her Platinum Jubilee
year builds to a crescendo

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of summer celebrations, Her
Majesty will surely stop

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for a moment to reflect on
the extraordinary changes

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the world has seen
during her reign.

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- Inevitably, a long life
can pass by many milestones.

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My own is no exception.

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- [Narrator] She has
seen 14 prime ministers.

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- The Queen did me
the great honor.

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- The Queen has asked me to
form a new administration.

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- To form a government.

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- And I have accepted.

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- And I accepted.

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- And I have accepted.

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- [Narrator] Met 13 of
the 14 U.S. presidents,

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survived assassination attempts,

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and calmly dealt with
her own family crises.

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She has made over 280
overseas state visits

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to other countries and her
Commonwealth of Nations.

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She has unveiled
countless plaques

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and cut too many
ribbons to remember.

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- My goodness I've been busy.

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(audience laughs)

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- [Narrator] But all who
come into her purview,

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even fleetingly,
will vividly remember

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that regal presence,
dignity, and charisma

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she brings with her
even into her 90s.

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Living under the constant and
intense scrutiny of the media,

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but able to do so much
to help and support those

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who look to the monarchy
for leadership and example.

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Seven decades of
a head of state,

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in her position not
because of a popular vote,

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but because her people
respect and revere

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what she does for her nation.

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(triumphant music)

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(upbeat jazzy music)

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- This afternoon, the Queen
did me the great honor

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to ask me to form a government.

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I have accepted this duty.

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(soft tense music)

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- [Narrator] The 1950s was
a difficult time for Britain

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as post-war austerity still
dominated the nation's economy,

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but also for the
Queen personally,

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grieving for her
recently-deceased father.

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Man first went into
space in the 1950s,

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and the discovery
of DNA heralded

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fantastic scientific
breakthroughs.

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- To have a look
round the next corner

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has always been a characteristic
of the human race,

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and this characteristic
is most unlikely to wither

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just at this moment of
history when the first steps

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into another unknown
have just been taken.

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- [Narrator] The Queen's
coronation was televised live,

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much to the consternation
of her first prime minister,

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Winston Churchill, but
television also offered

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the opportunity to see the Queen

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broadcasting her
Christmas message.

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The decade started for
Her Majesty with the birth

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of her second child, Anne,
now the Princess Royal.

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She became queen on
the death of her father

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on February the 6th,
1952, but her coronation

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did not take place until
June the 2nd, 1953.

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- [Newsreel Narrator]
It was in Kenya

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at the royal hunting lodge

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that the news of the King's
death reached his daughter.

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When she returned from
a night in the forest,

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it was to learn that
she is now the queen,

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acceding to her father's
throne immediately.

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There is no break
in the continuity of
the British monarchy.

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It was her own decision to
return at once to London.

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- [Narrator] In fact,
she had already started

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her decades of service having
stood in for her father

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during the last few
years of his life

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and when he was unable
to fulfill his duties

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through ill health.

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Following her coronation,
Her Majesty's influence

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was quickly established,
inexperienced though she was,

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but guided by the
most experienced

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of prime ministers,
Winston Churchill.

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When she embarked
with Prince Philip

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on a six-month world tour,

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making her the first
reigning monarch

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to visit Australia
and New Zealand,

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dubbed by the media as her
World Commonwealth Tour,

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she may not have
known it would remain

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the longest overseas tour of
her 70 years on the throne.

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(dramatic regal music)

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(whistle screeching)

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(dramatic regal music continues)

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- [Newsreel Narrator]
Along the two-mile lane

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formed by yachts,
the Queen and Duke

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headed towards Farm Cove,

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the historic place
where the first governor

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of New South Wales landed
more than 150 years ago.

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Awaiting them were
men whose names

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are famous throughout the world.

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The governor general,
Sir William Slim,

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welcomed Her Majesty on behalf

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of the whole Commonwealth
of Australia,

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and after him came the
governor of New South Wales,

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then our good friend the
prime minister, Mr. Menzies,

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and other notables
of the city itself.

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Her Majesty replied to
the address of welcome.

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- Standing at last
on Australian soil,

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on this spot that is the
birthplace of the nation,

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I want to tell you all how
happy I am to be amongst you

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and how much I look forward to
my journey through Australia.

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(crowd applauding)

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- [Narrator] Whilst the
Queen was on her world tour,

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Dwight D. Eisenhower was
elected President of the USA,

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and his inauguration
was quickly followed

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by an end to racial
segregation in public schools.

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Churchill resigned halfway
through the decade,

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and Anthony Eden was
invited by the Queen

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to form a government
on her behalf,

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followed by Harold
Macmillan in 1957.

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- This afternoon, the Queen
did me the great honor

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to ask me to form a government.

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I have accepted this duty.

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The occasion is
a sad one for me,

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brought about as it
is by the retirement

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of my old and very dear
friend, Anthony Eden.

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(dramatic music)

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- [Newsreel Narrator]
Queen Elizabeth visited

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her North American
realm for the first time

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since ascending the throne.

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Canada summoned up a regal
display of pomp and ceremony

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to hail a beloved ruler.

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- [Narrator] It was also
in 1957 that the Queen

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became the first monarch to
open the Canadian Parliament,

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and she went on to address

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the General Assembly of the
United Nations in New York.

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(gentle music)

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(upbeat music)

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- [Newsreel Narrator] The
royal couple proceeded

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up Broadway, the
Canyon of Heroes,

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bombarded by tons of ticker
tape, millions of cheers,

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in what was the most
enthusiastic reception anywhere

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in Elizabeth's 10-day
North American tour.

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(crowd cheering)
(upbeat music)

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A monarch of 10
commonwealth nations

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was New York's queen for a day.

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- [Narrator] In 1955, the
government finally took action

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and prohibited the
burning of coal in London,

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putting an end to the
infamous London smog

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which had taken so many lives.

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The mid-'50s seemed
to take the country

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from one problem to the next,

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with the Suez crisis
dividing the UK government

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when Britain and
France invaded Egypt.

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- [Newsreel Narrator] When
President Abdul Nasser

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announced its seizure by Egypt,

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thrust Israeli troops struck
down the Sinai Peninsula

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to within a few miles
of the canal itself.

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Within days, Egyptian forces
were completely routed.

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The stage was set
for the next move

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in the complex Suez situation.

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Britain and France,
after a short ultimatum,

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in a joint sea and
air invasion attacked

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following a preliminary
air bombardment.

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From a staging area on Cyprus,

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airborne troops quickly followed

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and established a beachhead
at the entrance to the canal.

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They were followed by
seaborne contingents

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which swiftly controlled
the Mediterranean end

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of the vital waterway.

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(dramatic music)

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- [Narrator] The 1950s
witnessed the beginning

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of what was to become
a revolution in youth

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and music culture on both
sides of the Atlantic,

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with Bill Haley and the Comets
winning two top 10 hits,

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taking the focus from
the traditional crooners

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such as Frank
Sinatra, Dean Martin,

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Nat King Cole, and
Rosemary Clooney.

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♪ I think of when
I had none at all ♪

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♪ And I fall asleep
counting my blessings ♪

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In 1957, during her uplifting
address to the nation

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in the Queen's Christmas
Message, she said,

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"Today, things are
very different.

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I cannot lead you into battle.

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I do not give you laws
or administer justice,

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but I can do something else.

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I can give you my
heart and my devotion

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to these old islands
and to all the peoples

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of our brotherhood of nations."

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The world witnessed
extraordinary change

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during the first 10 years
of the Queen's reign

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with enormous strides forward
in science and technology,

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but with Britain in the doldrums

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trying to establish
a new post-war order.

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Her first eight years of
reign and the end of the 1950s

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saw the start of the Vietnam War

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and a world stage
readying itself

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for the conflicts of the 1960s.

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- [Neil Armstrong] Houston,
the Eagle has landed.

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- I've today been appointed
prime minister by the Queen.

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(crowd cheering)

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♪ Shake it up, baby, now ♪

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♪ Shake it up, baby ♪

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♪ Twist and shout ♪

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♪ Come on, come on,
come on, come on, baby ♪

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- [Narrator] If the
1950s were difficult,

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the speed of change in
technology and culture

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accelerated rapidly
during the 1960s.

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Following the birth of her
second son, Prince Andrew,

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her younger sister's troubled
love life looked as though

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it was taking a
turn for the better

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with Princess
Margaret's marriage

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to society photographer
Anthony Armstrong Jones.

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At the same time, Prime
Minister Harold Macmillan

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made his famous Winds
of Change speech

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asking the white ruling
government of South Africa

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to start the process
of true democratization

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and to acknowledge
the beginnings of
the end of apartheid.

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Perhaps one of the
biggest and most important

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of cultural changes
took place in 1961 when,

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with a woman on the throne,

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birth control pills became
commercially available,

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placing the power of
procreation, or not,

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in the hands of women
for the first time ever.

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Women could now make
their own decisions

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if and when they
wanted children.

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The Queen has great
conviction and belief

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in the value of the
Commonwealth of Nations.

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During the reign
of her grandmother,

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Queen Victoria, Britain had been

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one of the world's most
prolific colonizers,

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building an empire on which
the sun famously never set.

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The 1950s and '60s saw perhaps

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the biggest breaking
up of the empire,

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following the gaining of
independence of India in 1947.

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Ghana, South Africa,
Jamaica, and others

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were quickly establishing
their own constitutions

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and ways of governing, and
the Queen was determined

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to find some good in
history and to create

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a thriving
Commonwealth of Nations

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based around the remnants
of the British Empire.

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She set about the task with
great energy and enthusiasm,

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determined to make a difference

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00:13:06,400 --> 00:13:09,280
and to maintain close
social and cultural ties

251
00:13:09,320 --> 00:13:12,040
with member countries
of the Commonwealth.

252
00:13:12,040 --> 00:13:17,080
- This gathering shows the
diversity of people's creeds

253
00:13:18,040 --> 00:13:20,240
and cultures within
the Commonwealth,

254
00:13:21,560 --> 00:13:25,200
each having an equal place in
our organization of nations.

255
00:13:27,240 --> 00:13:30,200
In the wide association
which is the Commonwealth,

256
00:13:31,360 --> 00:13:34,760
we must all try to
cultivate the virtues

257
00:13:34,800 --> 00:13:37,160
of tolerance and understanding,

258
00:13:38,160 --> 00:13:40,640
to recognize each
other's qualities,

259
00:13:41,800 --> 00:13:44,120
and to respect each
other's feelings.

260
00:13:44,160 --> 00:13:48,040
In this modern age,
the strength and unity

261
00:13:48,040 --> 00:13:52,160
of the Commonwealth family
does not lie in bonds

262
00:13:52,160 --> 00:13:57,000
forged by formal instruments,
nor in common ancestry,

263
00:13:58,240 --> 00:14:00,080
nor in pursuing the
same political line.

264
00:14:01,240 --> 00:14:04,840
It springs from the
knowledge that we all share

265
00:14:04,840 --> 00:14:08,480
a lively concern for
individual freedom

266
00:14:08,480 --> 00:14:11,160
and all the machinery
which makes this possible.

267
00:14:12,160 --> 00:14:13,480
- [Newsreel Narrator]
Majestic Orinduik Falls

268
00:14:13,480 --> 00:14:16,120
in British Guiana seems
to put on added sparkle

269
00:14:16,160 --> 00:14:19,080
for the occasion, a visit
from Queen Elizabeth

270
00:14:19,120 --> 00:14:19,880
and Prince Philip.

271
00:14:19,880 --> 00:14:21,320
The royal pair stop first

272
00:14:21,320 --> 00:14:23,240
at this soon-to-be
independent colony

273
00:14:23,240 --> 00:14:26,240
before touring their
dominions in the West Indies.

274
00:14:26,280 --> 00:14:28,280
They receive an
enthusiastic welcome

275
00:14:28,280 --> 00:14:31,360
that covers the tensions that
seethe in the background.

276
00:14:31,360 --> 00:14:33,880
British Guiana has been
the scene of race wars

277
00:14:33,920 --> 00:14:37,160
between East Indians and
Negroes and it's touch and go

278
00:14:37,160 --> 00:14:39,360
as to which faction
will gain control

279
00:14:39,400 --> 00:14:41,800
with independence next May.

280
00:14:41,840 --> 00:14:44,640
In face of bomb threats,
security was tight

281
00:14:44,640 --> 00:14:46,200
and authorities would
not let the Queen

282
00:14:46,200 --> 00:14:49,160
travel more than seven
miles from Georgetown.

283
00:14:49,160 --> 00:14:52,760
In the capital, however,
nothing mars the festive mood.

284
00:14:52,800 --> 00:14:55,760
(dramatic music)

285
00:14:59,400 --> 00:15:02,400
In the legislative chambers,
portraits are unveiled

286
00:15:02,440 --> 00:15:05,760
which will link an independent
Guiana with the Crown.

287
00:15:05,760 --> 00:15:09,280
(dramatic music continues)

288
00:15:10,480 --> 00:15:13,040
There's an informal reception
at Promenade Gardens,

289
00:15:13,080 --> 00:15:15,400
and even some of the
opposition party members

290
00:15:15,400 --> 00:15:17,440
are here to greet the Queen.

291
00:15:17,480 --> 00:15:21,040
(dramatic music continues)

292
00:15:25,360 --> 00:15:28,280
Elizabeth and Philip take a
ride on the oldest railroad

293
00:15:28,280 --> 00:15:30,960
in South America, a line
running to the sugar plantation

294
00:15:30,960 --> 00:15:32,920
of La Bonne Intention.

295
00:15:32,920 --> 00:15:34,880
This railway was
built only a few years

296
00:15:34,880 --> 00:15:37,840
after the first one in
England began operation.

297
00:15:37,840 --> 00:15:39,880
Now the Queen will
board the royal yacht

298
00:15:39,880 --> 00:15:42,000
for a five-week cruise
through the Caribbean.

299
00:15:43,120 --> 00:15:44,440
- [Narrator] In the early '60s,

300
00:15:44,440 --> 00:15:47,280
John F. Kennedy was elected
president of the USA,

301
00:15:47,320 --> 00:15:49,520
and he continued the
process of trying to bring

302
00:15:49,520 --> 00:15:53,160
a greater equality to his
country and ending the racism

303
00:15:53,200 --> 00:15:55,320
which had blighted the
nation for so long.

304
00:15:56,600 --> 00:16:01,560
- And when Americans are sent
to Vietnam or West Berlin,

305
00:16:01,600 --> 00:16:03,200
we do not ask for whites only.

306
00:16:04,560 --> 00:16:06,840
It ought to be
possible, therefore,

307
00:16:06,880 --> 00:16:09,800
for American
students of any color

308
00:16:09,800 --> 00:16:13,120
to attend any public
institution they select

309
00:16:14,200 --> 00:16:17,000
without having to be
backed up by troops.

310
00:16:17,000 --> 00:16:19,800
- [Narrator] Famously, Kennedy
was killed by an assassin

311
00:16:19,800 --> 00:16:21,680
as his motorcade
drove through Dallas

312
00:16:21,680 --> 00:16:25,280
on November 22nd, 1963.

313
00:16:25,280 --> 00:16:26,560
- [Newsreel Narrator] As
he places a wreath marked

314
00:16:26,560 --> 00:16:28,760
"From President Johnson
and the nation."

315
00:16:30,240 --> 00:16:32,400
- [Narrator] Of course, Her
Majesty sent her own messages

316
00:16:32,400 --> 00:16:35,360
of condolence to our
cousins across the Atlantic,

317
00:16:35,360 --> 00:16:38,080
and she was said to have
greatly enjoyed her meeting

318
00:16:38,080 --> 00:16:41,000
with Kennedy during his
visit to the United Kingdom.

319
00:16:42,080 --> 00:16:45,480
He said, "I shall always
cherish the memory

320
00:16:45,480 --> 00:16:47,000
of that delightful evening."

321
00:16:49,120 --> 00:16:51,960
It was also in 1963
that The Beatles

322
00:16:52,000 --> 00:16:53,520
released their first album,

323
00:16:53,520 --> 00:16:56,080
quickly establishing
themselves as the forerunners

324
00:16:56,080 --> 00:16:59,360
to a new era of
nonconformist pop culture.

325
00:17:00,320 --> 00:17:02,480
The Queen must have
been agog at the changes

326
00:17:02,480 --> 00:17:04,200
happening on her own doorstep.

327
00:17:04,200 --> 00:17:06,840
Mods fighting rockers on
the seafront at Brighton

328
00:17:06,880 --> 00:17:08,480
and a new breed of
fashion designer

329
00:17:08,480 --> 00:17:11,920
introducing the miniskirt
onto an unsuspecting public.

330
00:17:13,240 --> 00:17:15,840
The country was looking
for something new,

331
00:17:15,840 --> 00:17:18,720
a breath of new life
into postwar Britain,

332
00:17:18,720 --> 00:17:20,800
and the swinging London scene

333
00:17:20,800 --> 00:17:23,080
became the backdrop
for that shift.

334
00:17:23,120 --> 00:17:25,560
The Queen, not to
be left behind,

335
00:17:25,600 --> 00:17:27,720
adopted her own sense of style,

336
00:17:27,720 --> 00:17:30,640
keeping that sense of
conservative dignity

337
00:17:30,640 --> 00:17:32,680
yet adopting a more modern look,

338
00:17:32,680 --> 00:17:34,520
which she took with
her on her travels

339
00:17:34,560 --> 00:17:37,600
championing the British
fashion designers of the time.

340
00:17:39,200 --> 00:17:43,040
The summer of 1966
was a defining moment
of national pride

341
00:17:43,040 --> 00:17:45,960
when England beat West Germany
in the Football World Cup

342
00:17:46,000 --> 00:17:48,080
in front of a packed
Wembley Stadium

343
00:17:48,080 --> 00:17:50,440
and an enormous TV audience.

344
00:17:50,440 --> 00:17:53,680
The Queen must surely have
enjoyed a great moment of pride

345
00:17:53,720 --> 00:17:55,040
as she presented the trophy

346
00:17:55,040 --> 00:17:57,680
to Bobby Moore,
England's captain.

347
00:18:00,360 --> 00:18:02,880
(tense music)

348
00:18:02,880 --> 00:18:05,320
The late '60s also saw
the start of decades

349
00:18:05,360 --> 00:18:08,720
of civil strife and
troubles in Northern Ireland

350
00:18:08,720 --> 00:18:11,040
and personal security
was tightened,

351
00:18:11,040 --> 00:18:13,160
not only for the
Monarch and her family,

352
00:18:13,160 --> 00:18:16,040
but also for
politicians as terrorism

353
00:18:16,040 --> 00:18:18,560
arrived on Britain's shores.

354
00:18:18,600 --> 00:18:21,320
Her Majesty's forces were
called in to quell rioting

355
00:18:21,360 --> 00:18:23,920
in the streets of
Belfast when local police

356
00:18:23,920 --> 00:18:26,120
were unable to deal
with the unrest.

357
00:18:28,240 --> 00:18:32,160
There was a very deep sense
of loss by the entire nation

358
00:18:32,200 --> 00:18:36,320
when 166 children and
28 adults were killed

359
00:18:36,320 --> 00:18:39,960
in Aberfan in Wales when
the spoil tip of a coal mine

360
00:18:39,960 --> 00:18:43,000
slid down a hill and buried
the children's school.

361
00:18:44,520 --> 00:18:47,240
The Queen visited Aberfan
a week after the disaster,

362
00:18:47,280 --> 00:18:50,520
trying to find some way to
offer some words of comfort

363
00:18:50,520 --> 00:18:54,600
in a small town stunned by
the enormity of the tragedy

364
00:18:54,640 --> 00:18:56,840
and their very own
personal losses.

365
00:18:58,760 --> 00:19:01,000
As the '60s drew to a close,

366
00:19:01,040 --> 00:19:04,760
1969 saw Nixon elected
to the White House,

367
00:19:04,800 --> 00:19:07,560
Prince Charles was invested
as Prince of Wales,

368
00:19:07,600 --> 00:19:10,640
and the nation was treated to
a groundbreaking documentary

369
00:19:10,640 --> 00:19:12,960
showing the Royal
Family at home,

370
00:19:12,960 --> 00:19:16,400
relaxing and enjoying
their leisure time.

371
00:19:16,400 --> 00:19:18,600
The Duke of Edinburgh
had initiated the film,

372
00:19:18,600 --> 00:19:21,760
hoping the more open approach
would bring the Queen closer

373
00:19:21,760 --> 00:19:23,840
to her people and
help the Royal Family

374
00:19:23,880 --> 00:19:26,280
to retain their
relevance and survive

375
00:19:26,280 --> 00:19:27,960
in a fast changing world.

376
00:19:30,000 --> 00:19:32,680
- [Neil Armstrong] Houston,
Tranquility Base here.

377
00:19:32,720 --> 00:19:34,680
The Eagle has landed.

378
00:19:34,680 --> 00:19:37,640
- [Houston] Roger, Tranquility,
we copy you on the ground.

379
00:19:37,680 --> 00:19:39,640
You got a bunch of guys
about to turn blue.

380
00:19:39,640 --> 00:19:41,400
We're breathin'
again. Thanks a lot.

381
00:19:41,440 --> 00:19:43,440
(gentle music)

382
00:19:43,480 --> 00:19:47,920
- [Narrator] In June 1969,
man walked on the moon.

383
00:19:47,920 --> 00:19:50,280
The astronauts had with
them on their mission

384
00:19:50,280 --> 00:19:53,800
a tiny disc that contained a
message from Queen Elizabeth

385
00:19:53,800 --> 00:19:56,760
that stated, "On behalf
of the British people,

386
00:19:56,760 --> 00:19:58,800
I salute the skills and courage

387
00:19:58,840 --> 00:20:00,880
which have brought
man to the moon.

388
00:20:00,920 --> 00:20:03,040
May this endeavor
increase the knowledge

389
00:20:03,040 --> 00:20:05,200
and wellbeing of mankind."

390
00:20:06,560 --> 00:20:09,200
On October the 14th, 1969,

391
00:20:09,200 --> 00:20:12,040
the three astronauts from
the Apollo 11 mission,

392
00:20:12,040 --> 00:20:15,160
Neil Armstrong, Buzz
Aldrin, and Michael Collins,

393
00:20:15,160 --> 00:20:17,480
visited Buckingham
Palace at the invitation

394
00:20:17,520 --> 00:20:18,720
of the Royal Family.

395
00:20:18,720 --> 00:20:22,040
(gentle music continues)

396
00:20:30,600 --> 00:20:33,920
(funky upbeat music)

397
00:20:44,400 --> 00:20:47,320
If the 1960s had witnessed
such an immense change

398
00:20:47,320 --> 00:20:49,680
in so many different
spheres of life,

399
00:20:49,720 --> 00:20:52,120
it all just accelerated
in the 1970s.

400
00:20:53,320 --> 00:20:55,800
Tired of touring under
the commercial pressures

401
00:20:55,840 --> 00:20:58,080
of the music industry,
the Fab Four,

402
00:20:58,080 --> 00:21:00,240
Britain's greatest
iconic pop group,

403
00:21:00,240 --> 00:21:03,240
finally decided to end
their musical collaboration

404
00:21:03,280 --> 00:21:05,880
and The Beatles went
their separate ways,

405
00:21:05,880 --> 00:21:08,160
bringing to an end
the most extraordinary

406
00:21:08,160 --> 00:21:10,400
and prolific musical
collaboration

407
00:21:10,440 --> 00:21:14,080
and one whose music still
endures to this day.

408
00:21:14,080 --> 00:21:17,400
In the UK, Edward Heath
became prime minister

409
00:21:17,400 --> 00:21:19,880
and the Queen and Prince
Philip set off on a long visit

410
00:21:19,920 --> 00:21:22,240
to Australia and
to the Pacific Rim

411
00:21:22,240 --> 00:21:26,080
to celebrate 200 years since
Cook's discovery of Australia.

412
00:21:27,160 --> 00:21:29,080
It was also in
1970 that the Queen

413
00:21:29,080 --> 00:21:32,000
went on her first
ever walkabout,

414
00:21:32,000 --> 00:21:34,920
leaving the safety of her
entourage and getting close up

415
00:21:34,920 --> 00:21:37,600
with the cheering
crowds, shaking hands,

416
00:21:37,640 --> 00:21:39,680
and chatting with
eager royalists

417
00:21:39,680 --> 00:21:41,000
during her Australian trip.

418
00:21:42,160 --> 00:21:44,040
Keen to connect more
with the people,

419
00:21:44,040 --> 00:21:46,800
her walkabout proved
enormously popular

420
00:21:46,840 --> 00:21:48,800
and is, to this
day, quite naturally

421
00:21:48,800 --> 00:21:51,720
a part of many a royal visit.

422
00:21:51,720 --> 00:21:54,280
Every coin and bank note
in the United Kingdom

423
00:21:54,280 --> 00:21:57,680
has a portrait of the
Queen, and in 1971,

424
00:21:57,680 --> 00:22:03,000
1,000 years of
pounds, shillings, and
pence came to an end

425
00:22:03,960 --> 00:22:06,200
when on the 15th
of February, 1971

426
00:22:06,200 --> 00:22:09,080
decimalization was
brought to Britain.

427
00:22:09,120 --> 00:22:12,040
The portraits, of course,
remain to this day,

428
00:22:12,040 --> 00:22:14,720
but two shillings
became 10 pence

429
00:22:14,760 --> 00:22:17,360
and new coins were minted
to replace the old.

430
00:22:18,680 --> 00:22:20,640
After years of
post-war wrangling

431
00:22:20,680 --> 00:22:22,360
across the English Channel,

432
00:22:22,360 --> 00:22:25,040
British Prime Minister
of the day, Edward Heath,

433
00:22:25,040 --> 00:22:28,120
took Britain into the
European economic community,

434
00:22:28,160 --> 00:22:31,080
enabling free trade
between its member nations

435
00:22:31,120 --> 00:22:33,560
whilst regulating some of
the commercial activity

436
00:22:33,560 --> 00:22:34,880
and product standards.

437
00:22:36,040 --> 00:22:38,080
It wasn't long after
this momentous change

438
00:22:38,080 --> 00:22:40,840
that Heath was brought
down by the miners strike

439
00:22:40,840 --> 00:22:43,280
and Harold Wilson was once again

440
00:22:43,320 --> 00:22:45,960
invited by the Queen
to form her government.

441
00:22:48,040 --> 00:22:51,360
Amidst much fanfare and a
ceremony televised in color

442
00:22:51,360 --> 00:22:55,000
to the nation, the Queen's
only daughter, Princess Anne,

443
00:22:55,000 --> 00:22:57,240
married fellow
equestrian enthusiast,

444
00:22:57,240 --> 00:23:01,280
Captain Mark Phillips on
the 14th of November, 1973

445
00:23:01,320 --> 00:23:03,160
at Westminster Abbey.

446
00:23:03,160 --> 00:23:05,120
The first of her
children to marry,

447
00:23:05,120 --> 00:23:07,040
the day must have
provided a great deal

448
00:23:07,040 --> 00:23:09,280
of personal joy to the Queen.

449
00:23:09,320 --> 00:23:11,880
(gentle music)

450
00:23:18,360 --> 00:23:20,880
Following the long
aftermath of the scandal

451
00:23:20,880 --> 00:23:23,280
of the Watergate affair,
Richard Nixon resigned

452
00:23:23,320 --> 00:23:26,920
and Gerald Ford took
office as U.S. president.

453
00:23:29,600 --> 00:23:31,880
- I have never been a quitter.

454
00:23:33,280 --> 00:23:34,960
To leave office before
my term is completed

455
00:23:35,000 --> 00:23:38,040
is abhorrent to every
instinct in my body.

456
00:23:39,040 --> 00:23:40,480
- [Narrator] At the same time,

457
00:23:40,480 --> 00:23:41,920
Concorde began
commercial flights

458
00:23:41,920 --> 00:23:44,160
for British Airways
and Air France,

459
00:23:44,200 --> 00:23:46,160
and Her Majesty was
invited to a state dinner

460
00:23:46,200 --> 00:23:48,720
at the White House
in Washington, D.C.,

461
00:23:48,720 --> 00:23:51,160
hosted by President
Ford and his wife Betty,

462
00:23:51,160 --> 00:23:53,320
to celebrate the
continued relationship

463
00:23:53,360 --> 00:23:55,160
between the UK and the U.S.

464
00:23:56,760 --> 00:23:59,000
The Queen and the
President danced together

465
00:23:59,000 --> 00:24:01,160
and wowed everybody who
was there that evening.

466
00:24:02,680 --> 00:24:06,160
A new era in our transatlantic
special relationship was born

467
00:24:06,200 --> 00:24:07,960
and the Queen had
more than admirably

468
00:24:07,960 --> 00:24:10,080
done her duty once again.

469
00:24:12,080 --> 00:24:15,160
1976 saw the appointment
of Britain's first ever

470
00:24:15,160 --> 00:24:18,680
Minister for Drought during
the long, hot summer,

471
00:24:18,680 --> 00:24:20,160
when a water
shortage was declared

472
00:24:20,200 --> 00:24:22,320
following record
high temperatures

473
00:24:22,320 --> 00:24:25,080
and very little rainfall
for many months.

474
00:24:26,400 --> 00:24:29,920
The Queen must have looked out
on the brown and dry stubble

475
00:24:29,960 --> 00:24:33,040
of the lawns in the back
garden of Buckingham Palace,

476
00:24:33,040 --> 00:24:36,920
doing her bit to lead the
nation in minimizing water usage

477
00:24:36,920 --> 00:24:40,040
until rain finally
arrived in September.

478
00:24:41,720 --> 00:24:45,640
As the decade marched on, Her
Majesty invited Jim Callaghan

479
00:24:45,680 --> 00:24:47,960
to form a government,
and another James,

480
00:24:48,000 --> 00:24:49,880
Jimmy Carter, was limbering up

481
00:24:49,920 --> 00:24:52,080
for his spell as U.S. president.

482
00:24:53,480 --> 00:24:56,280
Both their terms of office can
only have been overshadowed

483
00:24:56,280 --> 00:25:00,440
by the appearance of Darth
Vader on our screens in 1977.

484
00:25:00,440 --> 00:25:03,480
And one can only wonder at
what the Queen may have thought

485
00:25:03,480 --> 00:25:08,040
of light sabers, R2D2 and Alec
Guinness as Obi-Wan Kenobi.

486
00:25:09,360 --> 00:25:12,080
The "Star Wars"
generation was being born

487
00:25:12,080 --> 00:25:15,320
just as the Queen's Silver
Jubilee was getting underway

488
00:25:15,320 --> 00:25:17,880
and the nation was celebrating
Queen Elizabeth II's

489
00:25:17,880 --> 00:25:20,280
25 years as reigning monarch.

490
00:25:21,960 --> 00:25:23,360
- [Newsreel Narrator] In
Guildhall after lunch,

491
00:25:23,360 --> 00:25:26,280
the Queen rose to make a speech
live to the Commonwealth.

492
00:25:29,000 --> 00:25:32,520
- At this moment of
my Silver Jubilee

493
00:25:32,520 --> 00:25:37,360
I want to thank all those in
Britain and the Commonwealth

494
00:25:39,200 --> 00:25:42,000
who through their
loyalty and friendship

495
00:25:42,040 --> 00:25:44,680
have given me strength
and encouragement

496
00:25:44,680 --> 00:25:46,960
during these last 25 years.

497
00:25:49,000 --> 00:25:52,040
My thanks go also to
the many thousands

498
00:25:52,080 --> 00:25:55,120
who have sent me messages
of congratulations

499
00:25:55,120 --> 00:25:59,280
on my Silver Jubilee,
that and their good wishes

500
00:25:59,320 --> 00:26:00,200
for the future.

501
00:26:01,880 --> 00:26:05,880
My Lord Mayor, when I was 21,

502
00:26:05,880 --> 00:26:09,280
I pledged my life to the
service of our people

503
00:26:10,920 --> 00:26:14,080
and I asked for God's help
to make good that vow.

504
00:26:16,080 --> 00:26:20,800
Although that vow was
made in my salad days

505
00:26:20,800 --> 00:26:22,360
when I was green in judgment,

506
00:26:24,080 --> 00:26:27,600
I do not regret nor
retract one word of it.

507
00:26:28,600 --> 00:26:31,840
(audience applauding)

508
00:26:33,920 --> 00:26:35,040
- [Narrator] The Queen
and Prince Philip

509
00:26:35,080 --> 00:26:37,600
took on goodwill visits
through the year,

510
00:26:37,640 --> 00:26:39,920
visiting 36 counties in Britain

511
00:26:39,920 --> 00:26:42,120
and embarking on a
Commonwealth tour,

512
00:26:42,120 --> 00:26:45,480
taking in Tonga and Fiji
then onto New New Zealand

513
00:26:45,480 --> 00:26:49,200
and Australia, rounded off by
visits to Papua New Guinea,

514
00:26:49,240 --> 00:26:52,080
the West Indies,
and finally Canada,

515
00:26:52,080 --> 00:26:54,160
where they were joined
by Prince Charles.

516
00:26:55,680 --> 00:26:58,040
Following the
celebrations of 1977,

517
00:26:58,080 --> 00:27:00,200
the next few years
were a roller coaster

518
00:27:00,200 --> 00:27:03,920
of highs and lows for
Britain and for the Queen.

519
00:27:04,760 --> 00:27:06,080
Margaret Thatcher was elected

520
00:27:06,080 --> 00:27:08,800
Britain's first
female prime minister,

521
00:27:08,800 --> 00:27:11,160
and the nation had two
women in the most powerful

522
00:27:11,200 --> 00:27:14,120
and influential
offices in the land.

523
00:27:14,120 --> 00:27:16,280
- Her Majesty the
Queen has asked me

524
00:27:16,280 --> 00:27:21,320
to form a new administration
and I have accepted.

525
00:27:22,720 --> 00:27:24,120
- [Narrator] Sadly,
the Queen's cousin,

526
00:27:24,120 --> 00:27:27,720
Lord Louis Mountbatten,
was killed by an IRA bomb.

527
00:27:27,720 --> 00:27:31,360
Mountbatten had been a mentor
and friend to Prince Charles,

528
00:27:31,360 --> 00:27:35,880
and he was a trusted friend and
advisor to the Royal Family.

529
00:27:35,920 --> 00:27:38,360
It must have been a
bitter blow to the Queen

530
00:27:38,360 --> 00:27:39,920
when he was assassinated.

531
00:27:41,040 --> 00:27:42,960
To add to the woes
of the decade,

532
00:27:42,960 --> 00:27:45,040
the Surveyor of the
Queen's Pictures,

533
00:27:45,040 --> 00:27:49,040
art historian Anthony Blunt,
was exposed as a Soviet spy.

534
00:27:50,480 --> 00:27:51,920
- [Interviewer] What kind
of work were you doing

535
00:27:51,920 --> 00:27:53,800
for the Russians
then inside the MI5?

536
00:27:53,840 --> 00:27:56,440
- Well the information
that I passed them

537
00:27:56,480 --> 00:28:01,000
was almost exclusively about
German intelligence services,

538
00:28:02,760 --> 00:28:07,000
and that was largely
information, which again,

539
00:28:07,000 --> 00:28:10,840
as I said in my statement,
a lot of people in MI5

540
00:28:10,840 --> 00:28:13,040
thought ought to have
been given officially.

541
00:28:14,240 --> 00:28:15,720
- [Narrator] For Her
Majesty to have had

542
00:28:15,760 --> 00:28:18,000
a communist infiltrator
freely walking the halls

543
00:28:18,000 --> 00:28:20,160
of Buckingham Palace
must have been

544
00:28:20,160 --> 00:28:24,240
a distressing embarrassment
with which to end the decade.

545
00:28:24,240 --> 00:28:25,760
- [Interviewer] When you
made your confession,

546
00:28:25,760 --> 00:28:27,000
did the Queen know?

547
00:28:27,960 --> 00:28:29,760
- Well, this is a
question, again,

548
00:28:31,320 --> 00:28:34,160
I would rather not discuss
because my information

549
00:28:34,200 --> 00:28:37,760
is certainly if not
secondhand, is rather vague,

550
00:28:39,240 --> 00:28:43,720
and I can only say that as
far as I was told at the time,

551
00:28:43,720 --> 00:28:45,080
and later, she was not.

552
00:28:49,000 --> 00:28:52,760
(upbeat synthesizer music)

553
00:28:53,640 --> 00:28:55,280
- [Narrator] The
'80s would offer

554
00:28:55,280 --> 00:28:58,160
extraordinary ups and downs
and world-changing events

555
00:28:58,160 --> 00:29:00,520
which would test the
Queen's resilience,

556
00:29:00,520 --> 00:29:03,040
yet also bring immense reward.

557
00:29:03,080 --> 00:29:04,800
The start to the
decade witnessed

558
00:29:04,800 --> 00:29:07,360
record low temperatures
across the UK,

559
00:29:07,360 --> 00:29:10,080
John Lennon's shocking
and brutal murder

560
00:29:10,080 --> 00:29:12,320
outside his apartment
in New York,

561
00:29:12,360 --> 00:29:13,760
and at the end of the year,

562
00:29:13,800 --> 00:29:17,160
Ronald Reagan's election as
President of the United States,

563
00:29:18,480 --> 00:29:21,200
She holds many
offices and titles,

564
00:29:21,240 --> 00:29:24,360
but one of the most important
and significant for her,

565
00:29:24,360 --> 00:29:25,800
as well as her people,

566
00:29:25,840 --> 00:29:28,280
is that of Head of
the Church of England,

567
00:29:28,280 --> 00:29:31,320
a position held by the
sovereign since Henry VIII.

568
00:29:31,320 --> 00:29:34,160
So, it was a real landmark
in the annals of history

569
00:29:34,200 --> 00:29:36,800
when Queen Elizabeth
II visited Vatican City

570
00:29:36,800 --> 00:29:38,520
at the invitation of the Pope

571
00:29:38,520 --> 00:29:41,640
and the heads of two of the
world's foremost churches

572
00:29:41,680 --> 00:29:43,240
greeted each other warmly.

573
00:29:44,320 --> 00:29:47,200
It was followed in 1982
by the first-ever visit

574
00:29:47,240 --> 00:29:51,000
of a Pope to the UK
when Pope John Paul II

575
00:29:51,000 --> 00:29:53,880
visited nine UK
cities in five days.

576
00:29:56,080 --> 00:29:59,160
Computer technology was
still in its infancy,

577
00:29:59,160 --> 00:30:02,120
but in 1981, Pac-Man was
released and the world

578
00:30:02,160 --> 00:30:04,280
of computer games was
given its first game

579
00:30:04,280 --> 00:30:07,600
designed to capture a female
audience as well as male.

580
00:30:08,800 --> 00:30:10,800
It is still considered
one of the most iconic

581
00:30:10,800 --> 00:30:12,520
and influential games ever,

582
00:30:12,560 --> 00:30:15,840
and a turning point away from
shoot-'em-up video games.

583
00:30:17,320 --> 00:30:20,080
There must have been many
moments in her 70-year reign

584
00:30:20,080 --> 00:30:23,000
when the Queen has had
to keep a cool head,

585
00:30:23,000 --> 00:30:25,320
and none more so than
when six shots were fired

586
00:30:25,320 --> 00:30:27,360
from a handgun pointed
straight at her

587
00:30:27,360 --> 00:30:29,080
by a man in the crowd during

588
00:30:29,080 --> 00:30:32,640
the Trooping the Colour
ceremony in June 1981.

589
00:30:33,800 --> 00:30:35,240
The shots turned
out to be blanks,

590
00:30:35,240 --> 00:30:38,400
but the Queen won widespread
admiration and praise

591
00:30:38,400 --> 00:30:41,440
for her horsemanship in
calming her startled ride

592
00:30:41,440 --> 00:30:44,400
and carrying on to finish
the important ceremony

593
00:30:44,440 --> 00:30:46,040
as if nothing had happened.

594
00:30:46,080 --> 00:30:49,920
(gentle music)
(crowd applauding)

595
00:30:49,960 --> 00:30:52,720
- When the Queen came by,
you know on the corner,

596
00:30:52,720 --> 00:30:54,200
he just stepped
backwards, you know,

597
00:30:54,240 --> 00:30:56,160
took about a half
step backwards,

598
00:30:56,160 --> 00:30:59,280
and raised it up
in his right hand

599
00:30:59,280 --> 00:31:02,520
and then, you know, held
it police marksman style

600
00:31:02,520 --> 00:31:05,080
and fired about
four or five shots.

601
00:31:05,080 --> 00:31:06,160
- [Interviewer]
Then what happened?

602
00:31:06,160 --> 00:31:08,480
- Then there was, you
know, like I said,

603
00:31:08,480 --> 00:31:12,200
about three of us that came
in from his right and behind,

604
00:31:12,200 --> 00:31:14,080
you know, and got
him over the railing

605
00:31:14,080 --> 00:31:16,400
into the street itself,
and then the constables

606
00:31:16,400 --> 00:31:18,120
came and took him.

607
00:31:18,160 --> 00:31:20,120
- [Interviewer] Had you
noticed him earlier?

608
00:31:20,160 --> 00:31:22,560
- I had seen him before,
you know, all morning long.

609
00:31:22,560 --> 00:31:24,280
He'd been there
longer than I had.

610
00:31:24,280 --> 00:31:26,040
- [Interviewer] Was there
anything unusual about him?

611
00:31:26,080 --> 00:31:27,760
- Just that he was
alone, you know,

612
00:31:27,760 --> 00:31:30,920
by himself and didn't
speak to anybody.

613
00:31:30,960 --> 00:31:32,920
- [Narrator] The Queen had
also kept a very cool head

614
00:31:32,960 --> 00:31:34,720
when she was awoken by a burglar

615
00:31:34,760 --> 00:31:37,040
sitting on the end of her bed.

616
00:31:37,040 --> 00:31:39,280
He had scaled the walls
of Buckingham Palace

617
00:31:39,320 --> 00:31:42,400
and somehow found his way
into her private apartments,

618
00:31:42,400 --> 00:31:44,200
sitting, chatting casually

619
00:31:44,200 --> 00:31:46,360
until the police
arrived to arrest him.

620
00:31:47,440 --> 00:31:49,000
- [Reporter] So Michael Fagan

621
00:31:49,000 --> 00:31:51,600
visited Buckingham Palace
twice, but committed no offense.

622
00:31:51,600 --> 00:31:54,200
The idea came to him, he
says, when visiting the palace

623
00:31:54,200 --> 00:31:56,720
with his children and
studying the security.

624
00:31:56,720 --> 00:31:58,600
Each time he followed
a similar route.

625
00:31:58,600 --> 00:32:01,000
On the occasion he found
the Queen in her bedroom,

626
00:32:01,000 --> 00:32:02,560
he began by climbing
the railings

627
00:32:02,560 --> 00:32:04,320
outside the
ambassador's entrance

628
00:32:04,360 --> 00:32:07,440
and got into the stamp room
through an unlocked window.

629
00:32:07,440 --> 00:32:09,360
But the internal
door was locked,

630
00:32:09,400 --> 00:32:12,520
so he shinned up a drainpipe
outside onto a flat roof,

631
00:32:12,520 --> 00:32:14,320
a roof now guarded by police.

632
00:32:15,360 --> 00:32:18,240
- [Narrator] 1981 had
its difficult moments,

633
00:32:18,280 --> 00:32:20,280
but all that will
have been put aside

634
00:32:20,280 --> 00:32:23,440
for a day of personal pride
and joy for Her Majesty

635
00:32:23,440 --> 00:32:27,680
when on July the 29th,
1981, Prince Charles,

636
00:32:27,680 --> 00:32:31,360
the Queen's eldest son and
heir apparent to the throne,

637
00:32:31,360 --> 00:32:34,400
married Lady Diana
Spencer in a ceremony

638
00:32:34,400 --> 00:32:37,360
which captured the hearts
and minds of the nation

639
00:32:37,360 --> 00:32:40,360
and which was watched
by a record TV audience

640
00:32:40,360 --> 00:32:41,240
across the globe.

641
00:32:42,600 --> 00:32:44,360
Just a year later,

642
00:32:44,360 --> 00:32:47,040
the Queen enjoyed another
personal family moment

643
00:32:47,040 --> 00:32:50,040
when she held her first
grandchild, Prince William,

644
00:32:50,040 --> 00:32:54,080
at his christening, and she
proudly posed for family photos.

645
00:32:55,720 --> 00:32:58,360
The early '80s were
tough times at home

646
00:32:58,360 --> 00:33:01,520
for Britain with unemployment
reaching record levels

647
00:33:01,520 --> 00:33:05,440
of over three million,
but more drama was to come

648
00:33:05,440 --> 00:33:08,360
when the Falkland Islands, a
British dependent territory

649
00:33:08,360 --> 00:33:11,280
in the South Atlantic,
were invaded by Argentina.

650
00:33:12,640 --> 00:33:16,160
From April the 2nd to
June the 14th, 1982,

651
00:33:16,160 --> 00:33:19,440
the Falklands were occupied
by Argentinian forces.

652
00:33:19,480 --> 00:33:23,320
Her Majesty's Armed Services
went to an undeclared war

653
00:33:23,320 --> 00:33:27,720
and 255 British servicemen
lost their lives

654
00:33:27,720 --> 00:33:29,560
along with three local civilians

655
00:33:29,560 --> 00:33:32,560
before the islands were retaken.

656
00:33:32,560 --> 00:33:34,480
- The commander of the operation

657
00:33:34,480 --> 00:33:36,560
has sent the following message:

658
00:33:36,600 --> 00:33:40,360
"Be pleased to inform Her
Majesty that the White Ensign

659
00:33:40,360 --> 00:33:44,280
flies alongside the Union
Jack in South Georgia.

660
00:33:44,320 --> 00:33:45,480
God save the Queen."

661
00:33:45,520 --> 00:33:46,600
- [Reporter] What happens next?

662
00:33:46,600 --> 00:33:48,160
- Thank you very much.

663
00:33:48,160 --> 00:33:50,120
- What's your reaction?
- Just rejoice at that news

664
00:33:50,160 --> 00:33:53,080
and congratulate our
forces and the Marines.

665
00:33:53,080 --> 00:33:54,040
Goodnight, gentlemen.
- Are we going to declare war

666
00:33:54,040 --> 00:33:56,440
on Argentina, Mrs. Thatcher?

667
00:33:56,440 --> 00:33:57,880
- Rejoice!

668
00:33:57,920 --> 00:33:59,880
- [Narrator] The Queen and
Prince Philip headed east,

669
00:33:59,880 --> 00:34:02,040
making Elizabeth the
first British sovereign

670
00:34:02,040 --> 00:34:04,440
to make a state visit to China.

671
00:34:04,440 --> 00:34:07,960
It was both a state visit
and a diplomatic one,

672
00:34:07,960 --> 00:34:10,280
coming a short time
after negotiations

673
00:34:10,280 --> 00:34:13,240
between the UK and the
People's Republic of China

674
00:34:13,240 --> 00:34:16,400
about returning Hong Kong
to Chinese sovereignty.

675
00:34:17,400 --> 00:34:19,080
- [Reporter] So it
came about that only

676
00:34:19,080 --> 00:34:21,360
a few favored party
officials and a lot of press

677
00:34:21,360 --> 00:34:23,680
were permitted to witness
this piece of history.

678
00:34:26,520 --> 00:34:29,280
The 77-year-old
president Li Xiannian

679
00:34:29,280 --> 00:34:31,760
moved carefully to perform
the ceremonial greeting.

680
00:34:33,120 --> 00:34:35,120
But the Queen had
scored one point.

681
00:34:35,120 --> 00:34:36,440
She was in an ordinary limousine

682
00:34:36,440 --> 00:34:39,520
instead of the dark windows,
closed curtains model

683
00:34:39,520 --> 00:34:40,720
the Chinese had offered.

684
00:34:42,120 --> 00:34:44,040
And the color of her mohair
coat was a complement

685
00:34:44,080 --> 00:34:46,920
to her host's
political persuasions.

686
00:34:46,960 --> 00:34:49,320
The meeting with President
Li produced a handshake

687
00:34:49,320 --> 00:34:51,360
of record-breaking duration.

688
00:34:51,360 --> 00:34:54,120
- [Narrator] 1986 called
for yet more diplomacy

689
00:34:54,160 --> 00:34:56,680
by Her Majesty when
sanctions were proposed

690
00:34:56,680 --> 00:34:59,320
against South Africa
by all but one member

691
00:34:59,320 --> 00:35:02,680
of the Commonwealth, of
which the Queen is head.

692
00:35:02,720 --> 00:35:04,840
Margaret Thatcher did
not believe sanctions

693
00:35:04,880 --> 00:35:06,840
would have the desired result,

694
00:35:06,840 --> 00:35:09,600
and she felt British
interests would be damaged,

695
00:35:09,600 --> 00:35:12,200
but she would not
go against her Queen

696
00:35:12,200 --> 00:35:15,240
and limited sanctions
were finally agreed upon,

697
00:35:15,280 --> 00:35:18,600
reputedly sounding the death
knell for the apartheid regime

698
00:35:18,640 --> 00:35:21,560
which had ruled South
Africa for so long,

699
00:35:21,560 --> 00:35:25,360
and paving the way for the
release of Nelson Mandela.

700
00:35:26,480 --> 00:35:27,960
(gentle music)

701
00:35:27,960 --> 00:35:29,360
- [Reporter] At
Buckingham Palace tonight,

702
00:35:29,360 --> 00:35:31,640
the Commonwealth leaders
are dining with the Queen,

703
00:35:31,640 --> 00:35:33,840
an informal occasion,
no speeches,

704
00:35:33,880 --> 00:35:35,960
but no one underestimates
the Queen's ability

705
00:35:36,000 --> 00:35:38,040
to have the right
word in the right ear,

706
00:35:38,040 --> 00:35:40,200
especially when it comes
to the Commonwealth.

707
00:35:42,880 --> 00:35:45,280
- [Narrator] The '80s was a
time in which great strides

708
00:35:45,280 --> 00:35:47,800
were taken in bringing
about a peaceful solution

709
00:35:47,800 --> 00:35:51,160
to the decades of tension
between East and West,

710
00:35:51,160 --> 00:35:54,800
the Soviet Union and
the superpowers of
the Western World,

711
00:35:54,840 --> 00:35:56,760
of which the Queen
is head of one.

712
00:35:57,560 --> 00:35:59,440
Diplomatic ties and state visits

713
00:35:59,440 --> 00:36:02,960
between the UK and the USA
with President Ronald Reagan

714
00:36:02,960 --> 00:36:05,720
and Margaret Thatcher in
regular communication,

715
00:36:05,720 --> 00:36:07,440
led to a state visit by Reagan,

716
00:36:07,440 --> 00:36:10,000
and the first occasion
on which a U.S. President

717
00:36:10,040 --> 00:36:12,160
stayed overnight
at Windsor Castle.

718
00:36:13,320 --> 00:36:15,480
In the same decade,
diplomatic efforts

719
00:36:15,520 --> 00:36:17,400
brought about the
end of the Cold War

720
00:36:17,400 --> 00:36:20,720
when Reagan and Gorbachev
signed a peace treaty.

721
00:36:20,760 --> 00:36:24,080
(gentle music)

722
00:36:24,080 --> 00:36:26,960
It was a time of great
change in the world,

723
00:36:27,000 --> 00:36:30,000
but one in which Her Majesty
played a significant role

724
00:36:30,000 --> 00:36:33,400
in bringing about peaceful
and diplomatic answers

725
00:36:33,400 --> 00:36:36,360
to seemingly unsolvable issues.

726
00:36:36,360 --> 00:36:38,480
It would previously
have been unthinkable

727
00:36:38,520 --> 00:36:40,720
that a Soviet leader
would lunch with the Queen

728
00:36:40,760 --> 00:36:43,840
at Windsor Castle, but in 1989,

729
00:36:43,880 --> 00:36:47,240
Mikhail Gorbachev made a
historic visit to Britain,

730
00:36:47,280 --> 00:36:51,400
and during that lunch,
he invited the Queen
to visit Moscow.

731
00:36:51,400 --> 00:36:54,880
The relationship between
Gorbachev and Thatcher thawed

732
00:36:54,920 --> 00:36:57,160
and a diplomatic
solution was found

733
00:36:57,160 --> 00:37:00,680
to a longstanding tension
between two great nations.

734
00:37:07,680 --> 00:37:08,720
♪ Yo, I'll tell ya what I want ♪

735
00:37:08,760 --> 00:37:09,680
♪ What I really, really want ♪

736
00:37:09,720 --> 00:37:10,680
♪ So tell me what you want ♪

737
00:37:10,680 --> 00:37:11,880
♪ What you really, really want ♪

738
00:37:11,880 --> 00:37:12,760
♪ I'll tell ya what I want ♪

739
00:37:12,800 --> 00:37:13,880
♪ What I really, really want ♪

740
00:37:13,920 --> 00:37:14,880
♪ So tell me what you want ♪

741
00:37:14,880 --> 00:37:16,360
♪ What you really, really want ♪

742
00:37:16,400 --> 00:37:17,680
♪ I wanna, I wanna, I wanna ♪

743
00:37:17,680 --> 00:37:20,120
The '90s saw extraordinary
advances in technology

744
00:37:20,120 --> 00:37:21,920
with the start of the internet

745
00:37:21,920 --> 00:37:24,240
and the launch of
Amazon and Google,

746
00:37:24,240 --> 00:37:28,240
as well as the first
ever successful clone,
Dolly the sheep.

747
00:37:29,600 --> 00:37:30,920
Following the end
of the Cold War,

748
00:37:30,960 --> 00:37:34,400
the Soviet Union was dismantled,
but the '90s would prove

749
00:37:34,400 --> 00:37:37,280
to be Her Majesty's
most challenging decade,

750
00:37:37,280 --> 00:37:41,880
facing her 1992 annus horribilis
and the untimely death

751
00:37:41,880 --> 00:37:45,320
of her once daughter-in-law
Diana Princess of Wales.

752
00:37:47,200 --> 00:37:50,400
1990 saw a shift
in British politics

753
00:37:50,400 --> 00:37:52,080
when Margaret Thatcher resigned

754
00:37:52,080 --> 00:37:54,680
and she handed the
reigns to John Major.

755
00:37:55,960 --> 00:37:59,680
The 1990s also saw the end
of apartheid in South Africa.

756
00:37:59,680 --> 00:38:03,800
In February 1990, Nelson
Mandela was freed,

757
00:38:03,840 --> 00:38:06,680
having been imprisoned
for 27 years.

758
00:38:06,680 --> 00:38:08,080
Mandela's first visit

759
00:38:08,080 --> 00:38:10,640
to a Commonwealth Heads
of Government meeting

760
00:38:10,640 --> 00:38:14,120
was to the Harare
summit in October 1991,

761
00:38:14,160 --> 00:38:17,840
where he arrived unexpectedly
and without a prior invitation

762
00:38:17,880 --> 00:38:19,880
to the banquet
hosted by the Queen

763
00:38:19,880 --> 00:38:21,360
as head of the Commonwealth.

764
00:38:22,720 --> 00:38:24,840
Rapid reshuffling of the
table settings averted

765
00:38:24,840 --> 00:38:27,240
a potential public
relations disaster

766
00:38:27,240 --> 00:38:30,520
after the Queen insisted
he be allowed to stay.

767
00:38:30,520 --> 00:38:34,880
By 1994, Mandela became
president of South Africa

768
00:38:34,880 --> 00:38:37,800
and swiftly the country
rejoined the Commonwealth.

769
00:38:39,040 --> 00:38:42,080
The Queen and Mandela were
known to have a close friendship

770
00:38:42,080 --> 00:38:44,880
and a strong mutual admiration,

771
00:38:44,880 --> 00:38:46,200
and he was one of the few people

772
00:38:46,240 --> 00:38:48,880
who would simply
call her Elizabeth.

773
00:38:50,480 --> 00:38:53,200
On the 16th of May, 1991,

774
00:38:53,200 --> 00:38:55,800
Queen Elizabeth became
the first British monarch

775
00:38:55,800 --> 00:38:58,400
to address the U.S. Congress.

776
00:38:58,400 --> 00:39:00,200
Her speech lasted 15 minutes

777
00:39:00,200 --> 00:39:03,000
and received three
standing ovations.

778
00:39:03,960 --> 00:39:06,160
She summed it up by saying,

779
00:39:06,200 --> 00:39:08,840
"You will find us
worthy partners,

780
00:39:08,840 --> 00:39:11,600
and we are proud to have
of you as our friends.

781
00:39:11,600 --> 00:39:13,840
May God bless America."

782
00:39:15,320 --> 00:39:19,000
On that particular trip, George
H.W. Bush invited the Queen

783
00:39:19,000 --> 00:39:22,200
and Prince Philip to Memorial
Stadium in Baltimore,

784
00:39:22,240 --> 00:39:25,640
which was the first time the
Queen visited a baseball game.

785
00:39:26,840 --> 00:39:28,360
The following year
would mark one

786
00:39:28,360 --> 00:39:31,480
of the most notably difficult
years for the Queen,

787
00:39:31,480 --> 00:39:34,200
dubbed her annus horribilis.

788
00:39:34,200 --> 00:39:37,920
It was a year that saw the
separation of Charles and Diana

789
00:39:37,960 --> 00:39:40,880
and the media storm
that preceded it,

790
00:39:40,880 --> 00:39:43,720
the year of Anne and
Mark Phillips' divorce,

791
00:39:43,760 --> 00:39:45,280
as well as the destruction

792
00:39:45,280 --> 00:39:47,880
caused by a fire
at Windsor Castle.

793
00:39:48,920 --> 00:39:53,800
- 1992 is not a year on
which I shall look back

794
00:39:54,440 --> 00:39:56,000
with undiluted pleasure.

795
00:39:58,960 --> 00:40:02,880
In the words of one of my more
sympathetic correspondents,

796
00:40:02,920 --> 00:40:07,320
it has turned out to
be an annus horribilis.

797
00:40:07,320 --> 00:40:11,000
I sometimes wonder
how future generations

798
00:40:11,000 --> 00:40:13,840
will judge the events
of this tumultuous year.

799
00:40:15,920 --> 00:40:18,080
I daresay that
history would take

800
00:40:18,080 --> 00:40:20,760
a slightly more moderate view

801
00:40:20,760 --> 00:40:23,840
than that of some
contemporary commentators.

802
00:40:23,880 --> 00:40:27,560
He who has never failed
to reach perfection

803
00:40:27,560 --> 00:40:30,600
has a right to be
the harshest critic.

804
00:40:30,640 --> 00:40:32,160
(somber music)

805
00:40:32,200 --> 00:40:34,080
- [Narrator] After much
debate on the suggestion

806
00:40:34,080 --> 00:40:36,360
that the taxpayer
pay for the damage,

807
00:40:36,360 --> 00:40:40,120
in 1993 Buckingham
Palace opened its doors

808
00:40:40,120 --> 00:40:42,920
to the paying public
for the first time

809
00:40:42,960 --> 00:40:45,920
to recoup some of the cost
to rebuild Windsor Castle.

810
00:40:47,640 --> 00:40:49,400
For the first time in history,

811
00:40:49,400 --> 00:40:53,240
the Queen and the Royal Family
also began to pay taxes.

812
00:40:54,960 --> 00:40:58,000
It was in that same year that
Bill Clinton was inaugurated

813
00:40:58,000 --> 00:41:00,920
as the 42nd
President of the USA.

814
00:41:00,920 --> 00:41:03,360
The following year,
Clinton and his wife stayed

815
00:41:03,360 --> 00:41:06,640
on the Royal Yacht Britannia
before heading to Normandy

816
00:41:06,680 --> 00:41:08,360
for the D-Day anniversary.

817
00:41:09,720 --> 00:41:12,880
Clinton later wrote of
the Queen in his memoir:

818
00:41:12,920 --> 00:41:15,880
"Her Majesty impressed
me as someone who,

819
00:41:15,880 --> 00:41:17,880
but for the circumstance
of her birth,

820
00:41:17,920 --> 00:41:21,880
might have become a successful
politician or diplomat.

821
00:41:21,880 --> 00:41:23,960
As it was, she had to be both

822
00:41:24,000 --> 00:41:26,200
without quite seeming
to be either."

823
00:41:27,320 --> 00:41:30,680
In 1994, the Queen
made a historic trip.

824
00:41:30,680 --> 00:41:34,720
She and Prince Philip traveled
to Russia on a state visit,

825
00:41:34,720 --> 00:41:37,080
staying at the Kremlin
for three days.

826
00:41:37,120 --> 00:41:39,720
It was the first ever
state visit to Russia

827
00:41:39,720 --> 00:41:41,480
by a British monarch.

828
00:41:41,520 --> 00:41:44,880
(gentle music)

829
00:41:44,880 --> 00:41:48,440
The Russian presidential
spokesperson said of the visit,

830
00:41:48,480 --> 00:41:51,840
"We realize that the British
Queen would never have visited

831
00:41:51,840 --> 00:41:54,080
a communist country,
and it was deemed

832
00:41:54,120 --> 00:41:57,120
a highly significant
and symbolic moment."

833
00:42:01,280 --> 00:42:04,240
In 1995, Queen Elizabeth
and Prince Philip

834
00:42:04,240 --> 00:42:07,000
were invited to Capetown
by President Mandela.

835
00:42:07,000 --> 00:42:10,960
- My memories of South
Africa are part of me,

836
00:42:12,280 --> 00:42:15,880
and I have wanted to return
to this magnificent country.

837
00:42:18,360 --> 00:42:21,040
That wish has never deserted me

838
00:42:21,040 --> 00:42:23,640
through a half
century during which

839
00:42:23,640 --> 00:42:26,160
you have seen
turmoil and tragedy.

840
00:42:28,120 --> 00:42:31,080
Now though, you have
become one nation

841
00:42:31,880 --> 00:42:34,040
whose spirit of reconciliation

842
00:42:34,080 --> 00:42:36,640
is a shining example
to the world.

843
00:42:38,000 --> 00:42:39,360
- [Narrator] On the Queen's
first official visit

844
00:42:39,360 --> 00:42:43,080
to post-apartheid South Africa,
against security advice,

845
00:42:43,120 --> 00:42:45,600
she and her husband
visited Black townships

846
00:42:45,640 --> 00:42:48,000
where they were greeted
with tears of joy

847
00:42:48,000 --> 00:42:50,080
by Black and white
supporters alike.

848
00:42:51,600 --> 00:42:55,200
Their trip saw the greatest
rain season for over 10 years,

849
00:42:55,200 --> 00:42:58,040
and she was given the
nickname Motlalepula,

850
00:42:58,040 --> 00:43:01,120
meaning Rain Queen,
after her tour.

851
00:43:01,120 --> 00:43:05,080
President Mandela was invited
to Buckingham Palace in 1996,

852
00:43:05,080 --> 00:43:09,040
and he spoke in adoration
for this gracious lady.

853
00:43:09,080 --> 00:43:12,400
- You have yourself
provided the leadership,

854
00:43:12,400 --> 00:43:16,320
and by your willingness to
embrace your former captors,

855
00:43:16,320 --> 00:43:20,440
have set the course towards
national reconciliation

856
00:43:20,440 --> 00:43:24,000
and freedom for all the
people of South Africa.

857
00:43:24,960 --> 00:43:27,880
- As we approach
the 21st century,

858
00:43:29,040 --> 00:43:32,240
our relationship is
one of friendship

859
00:43:33,760 --> 00:43:36,000
fortified on South Africa's side

860
00:43:37,520 --> 00:43:40,320
by a warmth and
respect for yourself,

861
00:43:41,720 --> 00:43:44,280
for Britain, and for
the Commonwealth.

862
00:43:50,080 --> 00:43:51,760
- [Narrator] The face
of British politics

863
00:43:51,760 --> 00:43:54,560
saw a drastic change in 1997

864
00:43:54,600 --> 00:43:56,800
as Tony Blair became
prime minister,

865
00:43:56,840 --> 00:44:00,200
ending 18 years of
conservative government.

866
00:44:00,240 --> 00:44:03,080
In a ceremony attended by
the new prime minister,

867
00:44:03,080 --> 00:44:06,880
Hong Kong was returned
to China after 155 years

868
00:44:06,920 --> 00:44:08,440
as a British colony.

869
00:44:08,440 --> 00:44:11,600
(crowd cheering)

870
00:44:11,600 --> 00:44:15,160
(dramatic fanfare music)

871
00:44:18,400 --> 00:44:21,720
("God Save the Queen")

872
00:44:28,640 --> 00:44:31,160
(upbeat music)

873
00:44:33,720 --> 00:44:36,480
- China will tonight
take responsibility

874
00:44:36,480 --> 00:44:41,320
for a place and a people which
matter greatly to us all.

875
00:44:42,680 --> 00:44:45,880
The triumphant success
of Hong Kong demands

876
00:44:45,880 --> 00:44:49,200
and deserves to be maintained.

877
00:44:49,240 --> 00:44:52,280
(audience applauding)

878
00:44:55,400 --> 00:44:57,440
- [Narrator] In August 1997,

879
00:44:57,440 --> 00:45:02,600
Diana Princess of Wales died
an untimely and tragic death,

880
00:45:03,680 --> 00:45:05,000
leaving the Queen's
grandchildren,

881
00:45:05,000 --> 00:45:06,960
William and Harry,
without a mother.

882
00:45:08,080 --> 00:45:11,240
At the time, the Queen,
Philip, and Charles

883
00:45:11,240 --> 00:45:14,840
felt it wise to keep the two
young boys at Balmoral Castle

884
00:45:14,840 --> 00:45:17,280
and give them time to
process what had happened

885
00:45:17,280 --> 00:45:20,240
and protect them from
the world's media.

886
00:45:20,240 --> 00:45:23,120
However, fueled by
the tabloid press,

887
00:45:23,160 --> 00:45:25,800
there was a degree of
unrest in the nation

888
00:45:25,800 --> 00:45:29,560
as the Royal Family
remained seemingly silent.

889
00:45:29,560 --> 00:45:33,160
On her return to London with
Princes William and Harry,

890
00:45:33,200 --> 00:45:36,360
the Queen addressed
the nation on live TV.

891
00:45:36,400 --> 00:45:40,680
It was a personal but very
public tribute to Diana

892
00:45:40,680 --> 00:45:43,800
and lifted the spirits
of a grieving public.

893
00:45:45,480 --> 00:45:49,440
- What I say to you now, as
your Queen and as a grandmother,

894
00:45:49,440 --> 00:45:51,080
I say from my heart.

895
00:45:52,320 --> 00:45:55,760
First, I want to pay
tribute to Diana myself.

896
00:45:56,920 --> 00:45:59,600
She was an exceptional
and gifted human being.

897
00:46:00,480 --> 00:46:02,400
In good times and bad,

898
00:46:02,400 --> 00:46:06,320
she never lost her
capacity to smile and laugh

899
00:46:06,320 --> 00:46:09,160
nor to inspire others with
her warmth and kindness.

900
00:46:10,720 --> 00:46:13,800
I admired and respected
her for her energy

901
00:46:13,800 --> 00:46:15,920
and commitment to others,

902
00:46:15,920 --> 00:46:19,240
and especially for her
devotion to her two boys.

903
00:46:19,280 --> 00:46:21,520
(somber music)

904
00:46:21,520 --> 00:46:23,960
- [Narrator] As the millennium
was drawing to a close,

905
00:46:23,960 --> 00:46:26,960
1998 saw the impeachment
of Bill Clinton

906
00:46:27,000 --> 00:46:29,400
for high crimes
and misdemeanors.

907
00:46:29,400 --> 00:46:32,520
The Good Friday Agreement
was reached in 1998,

908
00:46:32,560 --> 00:46:34,640
a significant moment
that ended most

909
00:46:34,680 --> 00:46:36,400
of the violence of the troubles.

910
00:46:36,440 --> 00:46:40,040
- And today's historic
agreement marks a new beginning

911
00:46:40,040 --> 00:46:43,000
for all of us in
Northern Ireland,

912
00:46:43,000 --> 00:46:46,840
on the island of Ireland,
and in these islands.

913
00:46:46,880 --> 00:46:48,920
- [Narrator] And
finally, in 1999,

914
00:46:48,920 --> 00:46:51,480
the Queen's youngest
child, Edward,

915
00:46:51,520 --> 00:46:53,320
married Sophie Rhys-Jones.

916
00:47:00,240 --> 00:47:02,000
- [Reporter] At the centerpiece
of the celebrations,

917
00:47:02,000 --> 00:47:04,480
the Millennium Dome, the
Prime Minister hugged his wife

918
00:47:04,480 --> 00:47:07,200
while the Queen kissed
the Duke of Edinburgh,

919
00:47:07,200 --> 00:47:10,560
and the audience broke into
a chorus of "Auld Lang Syne,"

920
00:47:10,600 --> 00:47:12,360
(crowd singing)

921
00:47:12,360 --> 00:47:14,160
Cherie Blair in full voice
before the Royal party

922
00:47:14,200 --> 00:47:15,760
had even linked arms.

923
00:47:15,760 --> 00:47:17,280
♪ For auld lang ♪

924
00:47:17,280 --> 00:47:19,040
- [Narrator] With a slightly
less than amused look

925
00:47:19,080 --> 00:47:21,560
on her otherwise
inscrutable face,

926
00:47:21,600 --> 00:47:24,280
the Queen and Prince Philip
welcomed in the New Year

927
00:47:24,280 --> 00:47:27,280
and the new millennium with
Prime Minister Tony Blair.

928
00:47:29,400 --> 00:47:32,160
The 2000s, as well as bringing
the growth of the internet

929
00:47:32,160 --> 00:47:34,240
into the digital
age with the launch

930
00:47:34,240 --> 00:47:37,880
of Facebook and YouTube, also
brought its own challenges,

931
00:47:37,920 --> 00:47:40,160
the beginning of
the War on Terror

932
00:47:40,160 --> 00:47:43,040
and more widespread concern
over climate change.

933
00:47:44,400 --> 00:47:47,240
British citizens can apply
to receive a birthday letter

934
00:47:47,240 --> 00:47:50,000
from the Queen when they
reach their 100th birthday,

935
00:47:50,000 --> 00:47:52,320
and the Queen Mother
was no different.

936
00:47:52,320 --> 00:47:55,800
In early 2000, Queen Elizabeth
sent the Queen Mother

937
00:47:55,800 --> 00:47:57,560
a standard
congratulatory letter,

938
00:47:57,560 --> 00:48:01,200
though this one was handwritten
and she signed it Lilibet.

939
00:48:04,880 --> 00:48:07,960
In January 2001, George W. Bush

940
00:48:07,960 --> 00:48:10,320
became President of
the United States,

941
00:48:10,320 --> 00:48:13,120
but his agenda and priorities
were quickly altered

942
00:48:13,120 --> 00:48:16,000
following the terrorist attacks
on the World Trade Center

943
00:48:16,000 --> 00:48:18,240
on the 11th of September, 2001.

944
00:48:19,880 --> 00:48:24,120
The attacks resulted in
the deaths of 2,977 people,

945
00:48:24,160 --> 00:48:27,400
and it remains the worst
single terror attack

946
00:48:27,440 --> 00:48:28,640
in human history.

947
00:48:29,840 --> 00:48:33,080
The U.S. and UK
remain strong allies,

948
00:48:33,080 --> 00:48:35,600
and the Queen, offering
words of support

949
00:48:35,640 --> 00:48:38,200
to a nation in
mourning, sent a message

950
00:48:38,200 --> 00:48:40,280
read by the British
Ambassador to Washington

951
00:48:40,280 --> 00:48:42,240
during a prayer service.

952
00:48:42,280 --> 00:48:45,240
- These are dark
and harrowing times

953
00:48:45,280 --> 00:48:49,680
for families and friends
of those who are missing

954
00:48:49,720 --> 00:48:52,320
or who suffered in the attack.

955
00:48:52,320 --> 00:48:53,760
Many of you are here today.

956
00:48:55,200 --> 00:48:59,120
My thoughts and my prayers
are with you all now

957
00:48:59,120 --> 00:49:01,200
and in the difficult days ahead.

958
00:49:03,800 --> 00:49:07,400
But nothing that can
be said can begin

959
00:49:07,400 --> 00:49:11,280
to take away the anguish and
the pain of these moments.

960
00:49:12,640 --> 00:49:16,360
Grief is the price
we pay for love.

961
00:49:17,760 --> 00:49:19,360
- [Narrator] That
sentiment lived on

962
00:49:19,360 --> 00:49:22,920
as the Queen faced the loss
of two very important people

963
00:49:22,920 --> 00:49:26,280
in her life, the Queen
Mother and Princess Margaret

964
00:49:26,320 --> 00:49:29,640
died within a month
of each other in 2002.

965
00:49:31,120 --> 00:49:34,120
Very rarely for the Queen,
she gave a televised address

966
00:49:34,160 --> 00:49:36,440
to the nation after the
death of her mother,

967
00:49:36,480 --> 00:49:40,040
thanking the public for the
outpouring of love and prayers.

968
00:49:42,080 --> 00:49:46,120
- Ever since my beloved
mother died over a week ago,

969
00:49:46,160 --> 00:49:48,960
I have been deeply moved by
the outpouring of affection

970
00:49:49,000 --> 00:49:50,920
which has accompanied her death.

971
00:49:52,760 --> 00:49:55,200
My family and I always
knew what she meant

972
00:49:55,240 --> 00:49:58,640
for the people of this
country and the special place

973
00:49:58,640 --> 00:50:01,080
she occupied in the
hearts of so many

974
00:50:01,080 --> 00:50:05,720
here in the Commonwealth and
in other parts of the world.

975
00:50:07,000 --> 00:50:08,920
But the extent of the tribute

976
00:50:08,960 --> 00:50:11,160
that huge numbers of
you have paid my mother

977
00:50:11,160 --> 00:50:14,080
in the last few days
has been overwhelming.

978
00:50:15,440 --> 00:50:18,440
I have drawn great comfort
from so many individual acts

979
00:50:18,440 --> 00:50:20,600
of kindness and respect.

980
00:50:22,160 --> 00:50:24,440
- [Narrator] Although
2002 was a year

981
00:50:24,440 --> 00:50:26,040
of great personal loss,

982
00:50:26,080 --> 00:50:29,160
it was also the Queen's
Golden Jubilee year.

983
00:50:29,200 --> 00:50:32,520
In celebration, she traveled
to 70 cities and towns

984
00:50:32,560 --> 00:50:35,200
across the UK from
May to August.

985
00:50:35,240 --> 00:50:37,840
As part of the huge
national celebrations

986
00:50:37,880 --> 00:50:40,400
following a public
party at the palace,

987
00:50:40,400 --> 00:50:43,120
Brian May played a unique
rendition of the national anthem

988
00:50:43,120 --> 00:50:44,880
on the roof of
Buckingham Palace.

989
00:50:45,880 --> 00:50:49,200
("God Save the Queen")

990
00:51:03,880 --> 00:51:06,240
An iconic moment that
marked the celebration

991
00:51:06,240 --> 00:51:08,600
of the Queen's reign and
the sense of patriotism

992
00:51:08,640 --> 00:51:10,000
among British people.

993
00:51:11,520 --> 00:51:16,360
(dramatic music)
(crowd cheering)

994
00:51:28,840 --> 00:51:32,000
2003 saw the first occasion
that the UK Parliament

995
00:51:32,040 --> 00:51:34,440
held a vote to show its
position in response

996
00:51:34,440 --> 00:51:36,840
to the declaration of war.

997
00:51:36,880 --> 00:51:39,400
The sovereign has the
power to declare war

998
00:51:39,440 --> 00:51:41,040
without parliamentary approval,

999
00:51:41,040 --> 00:51:43,560
but this was the
first time Parliament

1000
00:51:43,560 --> 00:51:45,400
could indicate where they stood.

1001
00:51:45,400 --> 00:51:49,000
Prime Minister Tony Blair led
the UK to join with the U.S.

1002
00:51:49,040 --> 00:51:52,160
in the Iraq War to take
down Saddam Hussein.

1003
00:51:53,720 --> 00:51:58,920
The Queen's eldest son, Prince
Charles, remarried in 2005.

1004
00:51:59,760 --> 00:52:01,240
In a small civil ceremony,

1005
00:52:01,280 --> 00:52:05,000
Charles and Camilla married
at Windsor Guildhall.

1006
00:52:05,000 --> 00:52:06,560
Buckingham Palace
announced the Queen

1007
00:52:06,560 --> 00:52:08,400
would not attend the ceremony,

1008
00:52:08,400 --> 00:52:11,680
but would attend the church
blessing and host a reception.

1009
00:52:13,120 --> 00:52:16,680
In 2005, London faced
its own terrorist tragedy

1010
00:52:16,720 --> 00:52:18,800
with four separate
suicide attacks

1011
00:52:18,800 --> 00:52:20,800
on London's public transport.

1012
00:52:20,800 --> 00:52:22,720
- The Queen has just
issued her reaction

1013
00:52:22,720 --> 00:52:24,480
to today's events in London.

1014
00:52:24,480 --> 00:52:26,680
It says, "The dreadful
events in London this morning

1015
00:52:26,720 --> 00:52:28,720
have deeply shocked us all.

1016
00:52:28,720 --> 00:52:30,280
I know I speak for
the whole nation

1017
00:52:30,280 --> 00:52:33,080
in expressing my sympathy
to all those affected

1018
00:52:33,120 --> 00:52:35,400
and the relatives of
the killed and injured.

1019
00:52:35,440 --> 00:52:38,080
I have nothing but
admiration," she goes on,

1020
00:52:38,080 --> 00:52:43,120
"for the emergency services
as they go about their work."

1021
00:52:44,200 --> 00:52:45,720
- [Narrator] After a
significant reduction

1022
00:52:45,720 --> 00:52:49,080
in Labour's majority,
low approval ratings
and the Iraq War,

1023
00:52:49,120 --> 00:52:52,080
Tony Blair resigned,
leaving Gordon Brown

1024
00:52:52,080 --> 00:52:54,840
to become prime
minister in 2007.

1025
00:52:54,880 --> 00:52:57,200
- I've just accepted
the invitation

1026
00:52:57,200 --> 00:53:00,160
of Her Majesty the Queen
to form a government.

1027
00:53:01,840 --> 00:53:05,080
This will be a new government
with new priorities,

1028
00:53:06,640 --> 00:53:09,280
and I've been privileged
to have been granted

1029
00:53:09,320 --> 00:53:12,040
the great opportunity
to serve my country.

1030
00:53:13,120 --> 00:53:15,360
- [Narrator] But for
the Queen, it was a year

1031
00:53:15,360 --> 00:53:18,680
she and Philip celebrated
their 60th wedding anniversary,

1032
00:53:18,680 --> 00:53:22,200
and when the Queen became the
oldest ever reigning monarch.

1033
00:53:23,560 --> 00:53:25,040
Approaching the
end of the decade,

1034
00:53:25,080 --> 00:53:27,560
the world faced the
Great Recession,

1035
00:53:27,560 --> 00:53:29,560
the most serious
financial crisis

1036
00:53:29,600 --> 00:53:30,960
since the Great Depression.

1037
00:53:32,120 --> 00:53:34,120
Barack Obama took
over the White House

1038
00:53:34,120 --> 00:53:36,720
when he was elected
president in 2009,

1039
00:53:36,760 --> 00:53:40,400
the first African American
to hold that office.

1040
00:53:40,400 --> 00:53:41,720
The Queen and Philip met

1041
00:53:41,760 --> 00:53:45,000
with President and Michelle
Obama in Buckingham Palace,

1042
00:53:45,000 --> 00:53:48,560
forging what would become
a strong relationship.

1043
00:53:48,560 --> 00:53:50,680
Michelle notably
broke Royal protocol

1044
00:53:50,720 --> 00:53:53,240
when she put an arm
around the Queen.

1045
00:53:53,240 --> 00:53:55,760
She later wrote about the
incident in her memoir

1046
00:53:55,760 --> 00:53:57,280
and they shared a funny moment

1047
00:53:57,280 --> 00:53:59,800
about how uncomfortable
their shoes were.

1048
00:54:03,200 --> 00:54:06,040
(soft somber music)

1049
00:54:08,520 --> 00:54:13,240
The 2010s started amidst
a global financial crisis.

1050
00:54:13,280 --> 00:54:15,920
Technological progression
brought us widespread use

1051
00:54:15,920 --> 00:54:18,080
of smart phones along
with huge advancements

1052
00:54:18,080 --> 00:54:20,880
in data processing, with
the exponential growth

1053
00:54:20,880 --> 00:54:23,680
of social media leading
to the Me Too movement

1054
00:54:23,680 --> 00:54:25,080
and cancel culture.

1055
00:54:26,160 --> 00:54:29,800
China's one-child policy
was ended in 2015,

1056
00:54:29,800 --> 00:54:32,440
the people of Britain
voted to leave the EU,

1057
00:54:32,440 --> 00:54:35,680
and U.S. TV celebrity
Donald Trump was inaugurated

1058
00:54:35,680 --> 00:54:37,800
as president of the USA.

1059
00:54:37,800 --> 00:54:40,440
The decade saw the
Queen's own family grow

1060
00:54:40,440 --> 00:54:43,760
as both her grandsons started
families of their own.

1061
00:54:45,000 --> 00:54:47,840
British politics was facing
another critical change.

1062
00:54:47,840 --> 00:54:50,120
In the 2010 general election,

1063
00:54:50,160 --> 00:54:54,560
the conservatives, led by
David Cameron, won 306 seats,

1064
00:54:54,600 --> 00:54:57,800
but it was 20 seats short
of an overall majority,

1065
00:54:57,840 --> 00:55:00,080
resulting in a hung Parliament,

1066
00:55:00,080 --> 00:55:02,160
and Cameron announced
his intention to form

1067
00:55:02,160 --> 00:55:04,520
a coalition government
with the Liberal Democrats,

1068
00:55:04,520 --> 00:55:07,720
which would be the first
since the Second World War.

1069
00:55:08,720 --> 00:55:10,360
- Her Majesty the
Queen has asked me

1070
00:55:10,400 --> 00:55:14,280
to form a new government,
and I have accepted.

1071
00:55:14,320 --> 00:55:16,960
Before I talk about
that new government,

1072
00:55:16,960 --> 00:55:20,600
let me say something about
the one that has just passed.

1073
00:55:20,640 --> 00:55:22,160
Compared with a decade ago,

1074
00:55:22,160 --> 00:55:24,920
this country is
more open at home

1075
00:55:24,920 --> 00:55:26,880
and more compassionate abroad,

1076
00:55:26,880 --> 00:55:29,960
and that is something we
should all be grateful for.

1077
00:55:29,960 --> 00:55:32,320
- [Narrator] In 2011,
Queen Elizabeth became

1078
00:55:32,360 --> 00:55:35,680
the first British monarch to
visit the Republic of Ireland,

1079
00:55:35,720 --> 00:55:37,800
and during her visit,
she spoke publicly

1080
00:55:37,840 --> 00:55:39,600
about the troubles in the North.

1081
00:55:40,840 --> 00:55:43,840
- Madam President, speaking
here in Dublin Castle,

1082
00:55:45,280 --> 00:55:48,200
it is impossible to ignore
the weight of history,

1083
00:55:48,200 --> 00:55:51,760
as it was yesterday when
you and I laid wreathes

1084
00:55:51,760 --> 00:55:53,800
at the Garden of Remembrance.

1085
00:55:54,760 --> 00:55:57,920
Indeed, so much of
this visit reminds us

1086
00:55:57,920 --> 00:56:00,880
of the complexity
of our history,

1087
00:56:00,880 --> 00:56:03,600
its many layers and traditions,

1088
00:56:03,600 --> 00:56:08,400
but also the importance of
forbearance and conciliation,

1089
00:56:08,400 --> 00:56:13,200
of being able to bow to the
past, but not be bound by it.

1090
00:56:15,440 --> 00:56:20,680
These events have touched us
all, many of us personally,

1091
00:56:21,480 --> 00:56:22,920
and are a painful legacy.

1092
00:56:24,040 --> 00:56:26,160
We can never forget
those who have died

1093
00:56:26,160 --> 00:56:28,720
or been injured
and their families.

1094
00:56:30,040 --> 00:56:31,840
- [Narrator] The following
year, the Queen shook hands

1095
00:56:31,840 --> 00:56:35,040
with former IRA leader,
Martin McGuinness,

1096
00:56:35,040 --> 00:56:38,600
a symbolic moment of
forgiveness and reconciliation,

1097
00:56:38,640 --> 00:56:42,080
which for many welcomed
a new era of peace.

1098
00:56:43,440 --> 00:56:45,680
- [Reporter] Their body language
for the public handshake

1099
00:56:45,680 --> 00:56:47,120
seemed to bear that out.

1100
00:56:47,120 --> 00:56:49,840
There was clearly a
friendly atmosphere.

1101
00:56:50,880 --> 00:56:52,880
- Good. It went really well.

1102
00:56:52,880 --> 00:56:54,680
- [Reporter] Mr.
McGuinness was delighted,

1103
00:56:54,680 --> 00:56:56,640
but not a convert.

1104
00:56:56,680 --> 00:56:58,240
- I'm still a Republican.

1105
00:56:58,280 --> 00:57:00,240
- [Reporter] Martin, how
was it to meet the Queen?

1106
00:57:01,160 --> 00:57:02,400
- Very nice.

1107
00:57:02,440 --> 00:57:04,120
(gentle music)

1108
00:57:04,120 --> 00:57:05,880
- [Narrator] For
the next few years,

1109
00:57:05,920 --> 00:57:08,800
Britain was bustling with
excitement and anticipation.

1110
00:57:08,800 --> 00:57:11,240
First, for the wedding
of William and Kate,

1111
00:57:11,280 --> 00:57:14,240
which would see the
marriage of the future king.

1112
00:57:14,280 --> 00:57:17,040
Royal reporters have said in
preparation for the wedding,

1113
00:57:17,080 --> 00:57:19,120
William confided in the Queen,

1114
00:57:19,120 --> 00:57:21,840
after having looked at
the extensive guest list

1115
00:57:21,840 --> 00:57:24,840
explaining he didn't
know those invited.

1116
00:57:24,840 --> 00:57:27,320
The Queen told William
to forget the guest list,

1117
00:57:27,320 --> 00:57:29,920
to invite the people
he and Kate wanted,

1118
00:57:29,920 --> 00:57:31,880
and if there were
any leftover spaces,

1119
00:57:31,880 --> 00:57:33,840
the list could be revisited.

1120
00:57:33,840 --> 00:57:37,600
(gentle music continues)

1121
00:57:39,360 --> 00:57:41,760
The Olympic Games due
to be held in London

1122
00:57:41,760 --> 00:57:43,280
in the summer of 2012,

1123
00:57:43,280 --> 00:57:45,840
were also a cause
for much excitement.

1124
00:57:48,200 --> 00:57:52,920
- This will be the third
Olympiad, third London Olympiad.

1125
00:57:52,920 --> 00:57:58,000
My great-grandfather opened
the 1908 Games at White City,

1126
00:57:59,320 --> 00:58:03,280
my father opened the 1948
Games at Wembley Stadium,

1127
00:58:04,440 --> 00:58:07,040
and later this evening
I will take pleasure

1128
00:58:07,040 --> 00:58:11,480
in declaring open the
2012 London Olympic Games

1129
00:58:11,480 --> 00:58:14,040
at Stratford in
the East of London.

1130
00:58:15,880 --> 00:58:17,880
- [Narrator] The Queen
showed a humorous side

1131
00:58:17,880 --> 00:58:19,960
of her character
that the public love,

1132
00:58:20,000 --> 00:58:21,120
where she agreed
to a film a video

1133
00:58:21,120 --> 00:58:23,840
where James Bond takes
her to the stadium.

1134
00:58:23,880 --> 00:58:26,360
She agreed on the condition
that she could utter

1135
00:58:26,360 --> 00:58:30,000
those immortal words,
"Good evening, Mr. Bond."

1136
00:58:30,040 --> 00:58:32,680
(bells ringing)

1137
00:58:32,680 --> 00:58:35,800
(Bond clears throat)

1138
00:58:35,840 --> 00:58:38,800
- Good evening, Mr. Bond.

1139
00:58:38,800 --> 00:58:40,560
- Good evening, Your Majesty.

1140
00:58:40,560 --> 00:58:43,000
(regal music)

1141
00:58:44,640 --> 00:58:47,680
(suspenseful music)

1142
00:58:51,800 --> 00:58:54,960
(dramatic music)

1143
00:58:58,120 --> 00:59:00,960
- [Narrator] 2012 marked
the Queen's Diamond Jubilee,

1144
00:59:01,000 --> 00:59:03,040
a rare occasion for a monarch,

1145
00:59:03,040 --> 00:59:06,880
and the 60th anniversary since
her accession to the throne.

1146
00:59:06,880 --> 00:59:08,920
Celebrations were widespread,

1147
00:59:08,920 --> 00:59:11,560
including the Thames'
Diamond Jubilee Pageant

1148
00:59:11,560 --> 00:59:13,200
and the concert at
Buckingham Palace.

1149
00:59:14,520 --> 00:59:16,320
(gentle music)

1150
00:59:16,320 --> 00:59:17,920
- Your Majesty, Mummy.

1151
00:59:20,480 --> 00:59:22,040
(crowd cheering)

1152
00:59:22,040 --> 00:59:27,040
As a nation, this is our
opportunity to thank you

1153
00:59:28,000 --> 00:59:31,080
and my father for always
being there for us,

1154
00:59:31,120 --> 00:59:36,160
for inspiring us with your
selfless duty and service

1155
00:59:37,160 --> 00:59:39,200
and for making us
proud to be British.

1156
00:59:41,600 --> 00:59:44,880
(gentle music)

1157
00:59:44,880 --> 00:59:46,080
- [Narrator] The
Queen was also invited

1158
00:59:46,080 --> 00:59:47,920
by Prime Minister
David Cameron to sit in

1159
00:59:47,920 --> 00:59:50,160
on a cabinet meeting,
which is believed to be

1160
00:59:50,200 --> 00:59:53,080
the first time a monarch has
done so since King George III.

1161
00:59:54,720 --> 00:59:56,960
- It's a huge treat
for a prime minister

1162
00:59:56,960 --> 00:59:59,800
to speak to Her Majesty
every week for an hour

1163
00:59:59,840 --> 01:00:01,920
knowing I'm the
12th prime minister.

1164
01:00:01,920 --> 01:00:04,040
She started with
Winston Churchill.

1165
01:00:04,040 --> 01:00:06,040
Her knowledge, her
experience of world events

1166
01:00:06,040 --> 01:00:08,880
and world leaders and world
issues is unparalleled.

1167
01:00:08,920 --> 01:00:10,480
She's an amazing listener,

1168
01:00:10,480 --> 01:00:13,480
but she also asks some
really pertinent questions.

1169
01:00:13,480 --> 01:00:15,880
But I think above all, what
we're celebrating today

1170
01:00:15,920 --> 01:00:19,360
is the 60 years she's given
of service to our country,

1171
01:00:19,360 --> 01:00:21,960
but also this
extraordinary institution

1172
01:00:22,000 --> 01:00:23,880
that stands above politics,

1173
01:00:23,880 --> 01:00:25,280
that brings the
country together,

1174
01:00:25,280 --> 01:00:27,600
that something we're
all celebrating today,

1175
01:00:27,600 --> 01:00:29,880
that I think is such a
valuable thing in our country

1176
01:00:29,880 --> 01:00:32,360
and so admired across the world.

1177
01:00:32,360 --> 01:00:33,560
- [Narrator] With the marriage

1178
01:00:33,600 --> 01:00:35,080
of the Duke and
Duchess of Cambridge

1179
01:00:35,080 --> 01:00:37,080
and their desire to
have their own family,

1180
01:00:37,080 --> 01:00:40,200
the Queen amended the Bill of
Rights and Act of Settlement

1181
01:00:40,200 --> 01:00:43,240
in the Succession to
the Crown Act 2013.

1182
01:00:45,040 --> 01:00:48,000
The changes saw the end of the
system of male primogeniture,

1183
01:00:48,000 --> 01:00:51,080
meaning whether the Cambridges
had a boy or a girl,

1184
01:00:51,080 --> 01:00:53,000
their first child
would take their place

1185
01:00:53,000 --> 01:00:54,880
as third in line to the throne.

1186
01:00:54,880 --> 01:00:56,600
And should it be a girl,

1187
01:00:56,640 --> 01:00:59,200
she would not lose her place
if they later had a boy.

1188
01:01:00,960 --> 01:01:03,920
2015 saw our
record-breaking Queen

1189
01:01:03,920 --> 01:01:06,160
hit another landmark
in her reign.

1190
01:01:06,160 --> 01:01:09,200
On the 9th of September,
Queen Elizabeth surpassed

1191
01:01:09,200 --> 01:01:12,080
her great-great
grandmother, Queen Victoria,

1192
01:01:12,120 --> 01:01:15,160
and became the UK's
longest serving monarch.

1193
01:01:15,200 --> 01:01:18,240
In the typical selfless
style of Queen Elizabeth,

1194
01:01:18,240 --> 01:01:21,240
she wanted the public to
treat this day as any other.

1195
01:01:22,600 --> 01:01:25,080
- Many, including
you First Minister,

1196
01:01:25,080 --> 01:01:28,920
have also kindly noted
another significance

1197
01:01:28,960 --> 01:01:33,000
attaching to today,
although it is not one

1198
01:01:33,000 --> 01:01:37,120
to which I have ever aspired.

1199
01:01:37,120 --> 01:01:42,160
Inevitably, a long life can
pass by many milestones.

1200
01:01:42,800 --> 01:01:44,960
My own is no exception.

1201
01:01:44,960 --> 01:01:49,960
But I thank you all and the
many others at home and overseas

1202
01:01:51,160 --> 01:01:53,160
for your touching messages
of great kindness.

1203
01:01:54,520 --> 01:01:57,200
- [Narrator] After years of
royal landmark celebrations,

1204
01:01:57,200 --> 01:01:59,960
changes were afoot in
the world of politics.

1205
01:02:01,160 --> 01:02:03,960
In 2016, a momentous
referendum was held

1206
01:02:03,960 --> 01:02:06,040
and the people of
the United Kingdom

1207
01:02:06,080 --> 01:02:08,440
voted to leave the
European Union,

1208
01:02:08,440 --> 01:02:11,800
resulting in David Cameron
resigning as prime minister,

1209
01:02:11,800 --> 01:02:14,080
being succeeded by Theresa May.

1210
01:02:15,200 --> 01:02:18,000
- In David Cameron I
follow in the footsteps

1211
01:02:18,040 --> 01:02:20,680
of a great modern
prime minister.

1212
01:02:21,640 --> 01:02:23,520
Under David's leadership,

1213
01:02:23,520 --> 01:02:26,200
the government
stabilized the economy,

1214
01:02:26,200 --> 01:02:29,000
reduced the budget deficit,
and helped more people

1215
01:02:29,040 --> 01:02:31,320
into work than ever before.

1216
01:02:31,360 --> 01:02:34,920
But David's true legacy
is not about the economy,

1217
01:02:34,920 --> 01:02:37,720
but about social justice.

1218
01:02:37,720 --> 01:02:40,280
- [Narrator] 2017 Saw
Donald Trump inaugurated

1219
01:02:40,280 --> 01:02:44,120
as president of the USA,
amidst widespread protests.

1220
01:02:44,120 --> 01:02:47,080
The UK found itself
divided on Brexit,

1221
01:02:47,080 --> 01:02:51,040
with negotiations of the exit
proving to be challenging.

1222
01:02:51,080 --> 01:02:54,160
But around the corner, to
the delight of the nation,

1223
01:02:54,160 --> 01:02:57,120
Prince Harry and Meghan
Markle were to marry.

1224
01:02:58,520 --> 01:03:01,480
In some ways, their marriage
demonstrated the progress

1225
01:03:01,520 --> 01:03:03,320
and modernization
of the monarchy.

1226
01:03:04,720 --> 01:03:07,840
Meghan, a biracial
American divorcee,

1227
01:03:07,840 --> 01:03:10,040
would not have been
welcomed in the past.

1228
01:03:10,040 --> 01:03:12,520
The Queen's uncle,
King Edward VIII,

1229
01:03:12,520 --> 01:03:16,160
had to abdicate the throne to
marry his American divorcee,

1230
01:03:16,160 --> 01:03:19,360
but during Elizabeth's
reign much has changed

1231
01:03:19,360 --> 01:03:22,080
and Meghan was warmly
welcomed into the family.

1232
01:03:23,400 --> 01:03:25,760
By the end of the decade,
Theresa May failed to pass

1233
01:03:25,760 --> 01:03:27,440
her Brexit withdrawal agreement

1234
01:03:27,440 --> 01:03:29,240
through Parliament three times,

1235
01:03:29,280 --> 01:03:32,960
and subsequently she
announced her resignation.

1236
01:03:32,960 --> 01:03:34,880
- I will shortly leave
the job that it has been

1237
01:03:34,920 --> 01:03:37,120
the honor of my
life life to hold.

1238
01:03:38,800 --> 01:03:41,040
The second female
prime minister,

1239
01:03:41,040 --> 01:03:43,280
but certainly not the last.

1240
01:03:44,280 --> 01:03:47,080
I do so with no ill will,

1241
01:03:47,080 --> 01:03:50,280
but with enormous and
enduring gratitude

1242
01:03:50,280 --> 01:03:55,000
to have had the opportunity
to serve the country I love.

1243
01:03:57,160 --> 01:03:59,000
- [Narrator] Boris Johnson
won the race for leadership

1244
01:03:59,040 --> 01:04:00,680
of the Conservative Party

1245
01:04:00,680 --> 01:04:03,200
and became Britain's
prime minister.

1246
01:04:03,200 --> 01:04:06,640
Boris went on to win the general
election later that year.

1247
01:04:06,640 --> 01:04:08,320
(crowd applauding)

1248
01:04:08,320 --> 01:04:09,040
- Good afternoon.

1249
01:04:10,680 --> 01:04:14,080
I have just been to see
Her Majesty the Queen

1250
01:04:14,080 --> 01:04:19,160
who has invited me to form a
government and I have accepted.

1251
01:04:20,960 --> 01:04:24,480
I pay tribute to the
fortitude and patience

1252
01:04:24,520 --> 01:04:28,040
of my predecessor and her
deep sense of public service.

1253
01:04:32,640 --> 01:04:36,760
- No justice!
- No peace!

1254
01:04:36,800 --> 01:04:39,320
- No justice!
- No peace!

1255
01:04:39,320 --> 01:04:42,160
- [Narrator] The uniquely
difficult start to the 2020s

1256
01:04:42,160 --> 01:04:45,080
saw a global pandemic
sweep across the world

1257
01:04:45,080 --> 01:04:47,960
and protests and
demonstrations worldwide

1258
01:04:48,000 --> 01:04:50,440
against racism and
police brutality

1259
01:04:50,480 --> 01:04:53,000
after the death of George Floyd.

1260
01:04:53,040 --> 01:04:55,000
The fall of Kabul marked the end

1261
01:04:55,000 --> 01:04:57,840
of the 20-year war
in Afghanistan,

1262
01:04:57,840 --> 01:04:59,760
and the need to
address climate change

1263
01:04:59,760 --> 01:05:03,400
became a growing concern
and has dubbed the 2020s

1264
01:05:03,400 --> 01:05:07,360
as the decisive decade after
worsening extreme weather.

1265
01:05:09,320 --> 01:05:13,520
January 2020 saw Harry
and Meghan make a sudden,

1266
01:05:13,520 --> 01:05:16,360
and for many, unexpected move.

1267
01:05:16,360 --> 01:05:18,800
They announced they would
relinquish their roles

1268
01:05:18,840 --> 01:05:21,080
as senior members
of the Royal Family

1269
01:05:21,080 --> 01:05:24,320
and their wish to lead
more independent lives.

1270
01:05:24,320 --> 01:05:27,920
Her Majesty released a
statement promptly saying,

1271
01:05:27,920 --> 01:05:29,480
"Although we would
have preferred them

1272
01:05:29,480 --> 01:05:33,120
to remain full-time working
members of the Royal Family,

1273
01:05:33,160 --> 01:05:35,120
we respect and
understand their wish

1274
01:05:35,120 --> 01:05:37,760
to live a more independent
life as a family

1275
01:05:37,800 --> 01:05:41,040
while remaining a valued
part of my family."

1276
01:05:42,760 --> 01:05:44,360
In the months that followed,

1277
01:05:44,360 --> 01:05:47,800
coronavirus started to make
its way across the globe.

1278
01:05:47,800 --> 01:05:50,240
Few thought coronavirus
would cause the world

1279
01:05:50,280 --> 01:05:52,120
to stop for so long.

1280
01:05:52,120 --> 01:05:55,200
It has caused a global
economic recession

1281
01:05:55,200 --> 01:05:58,520
and a supply chain crisis,
but more close to home,

1282
01:05:58,520 --> 01:06:02,200
it caused people to stop
their lives, lock their doors,

1283
01:06:02,200 --> 01:06:04,520
and stay away from
the people they love

1284
01:06:04,520 --> 01:06:08,400
for fear of transmitting a
virus which may prove fatal.

1285
01:06:08,440 --> 01:06:10,200
(somber music)

1286
01:06:10,200 --> 01:06:13,120
In times of crisis, the
Queen has come through

1287
01:06:13,160 --> 01:06:16,000
to offer the nation
a sense of hope.

1288
01:06:16,000 --> 01:06:18,000
After the start of
the coronavirus,

1289
01:06:18,000 --> 01:06:20,040
that is exactly what she did.

1290
01:06:20,040 --> 01:06:21,880
She broadcast to the nation,

1291
01:06:21,880 --> 01:06:24,160
referencing the war-time spirit

1292
01:06:24,160 --> 01:06:27,080
that would be needed to get
through this challenging time,

1293
01:06:27,080 --> 01:06:29,120
but with the certainty that
we would get through it.

1294
01:06:29,120 --> 01:06:32,040
- And those who come after us,

1295
01:06:32,040 --> 01:06:34,320
will say the Britons
of this generation

1296
01:06:34,320 --> 01:06:35,720
were as strong as any,

1297
01:06:36,920 --> 01:06:39,720
that the attributes
of self-discipline,

1298
01:06:39,720 --> 01:06:42,160
of quiet good-humored resolve

1299
01:06:42,200 --> 01:06:46,080
and a fellow feeling still
characterize this country.

1300
01:06:46,080 --> 01:06:48,880
We will be with
our friends again.

1301
01:06:48,880 --> 01:06:51,480
We will be with
our families again.

1302
01:06:51,480 --> 01:06:53,080
We will meet again.

1303
01:06:54,440 --> 01:06:56,600
- [Narrator] Following the
defeat of Donald Trump,

1304
01:06:56,600 --> 01:07:00,480
Joe Biden became the 46th
President of the United States,

1305
01:07:00,480 --> 01:07:01,960
the 14th U.S. president

1306
01:07:02,000 --> 01:07:04,360
since Her Majesty
came to the throne.

1307
01:07:04,400 --> 01:07:07,200
It is an extraordinary
statistic that nearly a third

1308
01:07:07,200 --> 01:07:09,240
of U.S. presidents
have come and gone

1309
01:07:09,240 --> 01:07:11,280
whilst the Queen has
remained sovereign.

1310
01:07:12,920 --> 01:07:16,880
In April 2021, following a
short illness, Prince Philip,

1311
01:07:16,880 --> 01:07:20,120
the Queen's husband and
her strength and stay,

1312
01:07:20,120 --> 01:07:22,600
died peacefully
surrounded by his family.

1313
01:07:24,120 --> 01:07:27,080
The Queen has dedicated
her life to her duty,

1314
01:07:27,080 --> 01:07:29,960
but so did Philip,
always at her side

1315
01:07:30,000 --> 01:07:32,160
and her greatest supporter.

1316
01:07:32,160 --> 01:07:35,360
His funeral, amid
COVID restrictions,

1317
01:07:35,360 --> 01:07:39,200
saw a most poignant image
of the Queen sat alone

1318
01:07:39,240 --> 01:07:42,720
in mourning for her utterly
loyal and beloved husband.

1319
01:07:44,160 --> 01:07:47,280
The words she used in her
message after the 9/11 attacks

1320
01:07:47,280 --> 01:07:51,320
were picked up again by
reporters, so moving and apt.

1321
01:07:52,680 --> 01:07:55,680
"Grief is the price
we pay for love."

1322
01:07:55,720 --> 01:07:58,240
(somber music)

1323
01:08:01,360 --> 01:08:06,200
2022 sees our Queen's
70th year on the throne,

1324
01:08:06,240 --> 01:08:09,720
her Platinum Jubilee,
a wonderful opportunity
for the nation

1325
01:08:09,720 --> 01:08:12,040
to celebrate the
achievements and longevity

1326
01:08:12,040 --> 01:08:13,960
of this extraordinary woman.

1327
01:08:15,000 --> 01:08:17,320
- I did remark that
it was upside down

1328
01:08:17,320 --> 01:08:19,240
and you wouldn't be able
to see what was on it.

1329
01:08:19,240 --> 01:08:21,600
I was told it had to be
upside down for the press.

1330
01:08:21,600 --> 01:08:23,200
- And they can see it.

1331
01:08:23,240 --> 01:08:24,040
(group laughs)

1332
01:08:24,040 --> 01:08:26,400
I don't mind, I don't matter.

1333
01:08:27,680 --> 01:08:29,760
Well, I think I can probably
read it upside down, too.

1334
01:08:29,800 --> 01:08:31,400
- I think you probably can.

1335
01:08:31,440 --> 01:08:33,400
"The Queen's Platinum Jubilee."

1336
01:08:33,440 --> 01:08:34,520
- Yes.

1337
01:08:34,560 --> 01:08:36,520
That's very nice.

1338
01:08:36,560 --> 01:08:38,120
- There is a knife.

1339
01:08:38,120 --> 01:08:40,120
I don't know whether you'd
like to just do a little bit.

1340
01:08:40,160 --> 01:08:41,720
- I think I might just
put a knife in it.

1341
01:08:41,720 --> 01:08:44,360
- I think that's a
really good idea.

1342
01:08:44,360 --> 01:08:45,520
- See if it works.

1343
01:08:45,520 --> 01:08:46,520
- Oh it does!
- Oh yes,

1344
01:08:46,520 --> 01:08:47,440
it goes in beautifully.

1345
01:08:47,480 --> 01:08:49,440
- Beautifully.

1346
01:08:49,440 --> 01:08:53,160
- Somebody else can finish
it off, do the rest of it.

1347
01:08:54,680 --> 01:08:57,600
(group applauds)

1348
01:09:02,560 --> 01:09:05,200
(gentle music)

1349
01:09:09,680 --> 01:09:11,280
- [Narrator] With
little real power

1350
01:09:11,320 --> 01:09:14,000
but with more influence than
perhaps any other leader

1351
01:09:14,040 --> 01:09:17,880
on the world stage, Her
Majesty Queen Elizabeth II

1352
01:09:17,880 --> 01:09:20,560
has conducted
herself with grace,

1353
01:09:20,600 --> 01:09:24,080
with dignity, and
with determination.

1354
01:09:24,120 --> 01:09:27,600
She has been a constant
cornerstone of stability

1355
01:09:27,600 --> 01:09:30,240
in a seemingly
ever-changing world,

1356
01:09:30,240 --> 01:09:32,640
earning unparalleled
admiration and respect

1357
01:09:32,640 --> 01:09:34,080
across the globe.

1358
01:09:35,320 --> 01:09:38,000
She has traveled more than
any monarch in history

1359
01:09:38,000 --> 01:09:40,000
and is estimated to
have met more people

1360
01:09:40,040 --> 01:09:41,960
than any other human being.

1361
01:09:43,160 --> 01:09:46,600
She has exemplified
tolerance and forgiveness

1362
01:09:46,600 --> 01:09:48,480
whilst inspiring
the armed services

1363
01:09:48,520 --> 01:09:50,360
in their own sense of duty.

1364
01:09:51,360 --> 01:09:55,840
As a young princess,
only 21 years old,

1365
01:09:55,840 --> 01:09:59,400
Elizabeth, with truly
inspiring words,

1366
01:09:59,400 --> 01:10:02,520
dedicated her life to
the service of her people

1367
01:10:02,520 --> 01:10:04,080
and to the Commonwealth.

1368
01:10:05,240 --> 01:10:08,520
- I declare before you
all that my whole life,

1369
01:10:08,520 --> 01:10:10,760
whether it be long or short,

1370
01:10:11,720 --> 01:10:14,120
shall be devoted
to your service,

1371
01:10:14,120 --> 01:10:17,920
and to the service of
our great imperial family

1372
01:10:17,920 --> 01:10:19,640
to which we all belong.

1373
01:10:21,000 --> 01:10:22,800
But I shall not have strength

1374
01:10:22,840 --> 01:10:25,600
to carry out this
resolution alone

1375
01:10:25,600 --> 01:10:30,080
unless you join in it with
me as I now invite you to do.

1376
01:10:31,440 --> 01:10:34,680
I know that your support
will be unfailingly given.

1377
01:10:36,480 --> 01:10:38,720
God help me to make good my vow

1378
01:10:40,080 --> 01:10:43,280
and God bless all of you who
are willing to share in it.

1379
01:10:43,280 --> 01:10:46,760
(gentle music continues)

1380
01:10:55,880 --> 01:10:59,640
- [Narrator] She is our
Queen, our Platinum Queen.

1381
01:10:59,640 --> 01:11:02,360
(gentle music)