1
00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:07,000
Downloaded from
YTS.MX
2
00:00:08,000 --> 00:00:13,000
Official YIFY movies site:
YTS.MX
3
00:01:01,723 --> 00:01:05,831
♪♪ (dramatic music playing) ♪♪
4
00:01:57,034 --> 00:02:02,144
- (indistinct chatter)
- ♪♪ (pensive music playing) ♪♪
5
00:02:02,277 --> 00:02:04,749
(traffic rumbling)
6
00:02:08,591 --> 00:02:12,865
(siren wailing in distance)
7
00:02:23,521 --> 00:02:27,929
♪♪ (somber music playing) ♪♪
8
00:02:34,175 --> 00:02:36,647
Narrator: "November 25th, 1968."
9
00:02:37,214 --> 00:02:40,053
"To the Alien Commissioner,
Norwegian Government,
10
00:02:40,187 --> 00:02:41,556
Oslo, Norway."
11
00:02:43,493 --> 00:02:48,102
"Dear sir,
I was born on March 21, 1940,
12
00:02:48,236 --> 00:02:50,040
at Pretoria, South Africa."
13
00:02:50,508 --> 00:02:52,712
"I'm presently 28,
and unmarried."
14
00:02:53,514 --> 00:02:57,454
"I am a stateless person
in political exile in
New York."
15
00:02:58,256 --> 00:02:59,593
"I've been advised
16
00:02:59,727 --> 00:03:01,462
that my passport
will not be renewed,
17
00:03:01,596 --> 00:03:02,865
but that I could obtain
18
00:03:02,999 --> 00:03:04,669
an emergency
travel certificate."
19
00:03:07,675 --> 00:03:10,246
"I've been in the US
for the past 26 months,
20
00:03:10,380 --> 00:03:13,086
and while this experience
has been insightful for me,
21
00:03:13,253 --> 00:03:15,791
I cannot afford
to remain here much longer
22
00:03:16,125 --> 00:03:19,465
since the nature of my work
requires me to travel."
23
00:03:20,868 --> 00:03:24,241
"Without wishing to be negative
about life in this country,
24
00:03:24,643 --> 00:03:25,945
it is quite evident to me
25
00:03:26,278 --> 00:03:28,049
that it will be difficult
for me to work here
26
00:03:28,183 --> 00:03:30,521
at this particular period
of my life."
27
00:03:31,991 --> 00:03:34,896
"When I left home, I thought
I would focus my talent
28
00:03:35,030 --> 00:03:37,067
- on other aspects of life..."
- ♪♪ (playful piano playing) ♪♪
29
00:03:37,201 --> 00:03:39,105
"...which I assumed
would be more helpful
30
00:03:39,238 --> 00:03:41,476
- and with some joy to do."
- (indistinct chatter)
31
00:03:41,610 --> 00:03:43,413
(glasses clinking)
32
00:03:44,314 --> 00:03:46,653
Narrator: "However,
what I've seen in this country
33
00:03:46,787 --> 00:03:49,192
over the past three years
has proved me wrong."
34
00:03:49,893 --> 00:03:52,999
"Exposing the truth
at whatever cost is one thing,
35
00:03:53,433 --> 00:03:54,937
but having to live a lifetime
36
00:03:55,070 --> 00:03:58,611
of being the chronicler
of misery and injustice
37
00:03:58,811 --> 00:04:01,817
- and callousness is another."
- (police siren wailing)
38
00:04:01,951 --> 00:04:04,422
Narrator: "And such matter
is about the only assignments
39
00:04:04,556 --> 00:04:06,226
magazines here
want to offer me..."
40
00:04:06,359 --> 00:04:07,628
(footsteps shuffling)
41
00:04:07,929 --> 00:04:09,398
"...because the subject matter
of my first book
42
00:04:09,533 --> 00:04:11,302
happened to be centered
on race issues,
43
00:04:11,870 --> 00:04:15,110
the color of my skin,
another incidental matter,
44
00:04:15,945 --> 00:04:17,616
and the fact
that I endured and escaped
45
00:04:17,749 --> 00:04:20,353
the living hell
that is South Africa."
46
00:04:20,721 --> 00:04:22,358
- (Baby wailing)
- (Kids chattering, clamoring)
47
00:04:22,491 --> 00:04:25,598
Narrator: "The total man
does not live one experience."
48
00:04:25,865 --> 00:04:27,969
♪♪ ("Milélé"
by Miriam Makeba playing) ♪♪
49
00:04:28,103 --> 00:04:30,608
♪♪ (singing
in foreign language) ♪♪
50
00:05:11,557 --> 00:05:17,467
♪♪ (singing continues) ♪♪
51
00:05:48,296 --> 00:05:51,871
♪♪ (singing fades) ♪♪
52
00:05:52,004 --> 00:05:54,141
- (indistinct chatter)
- (Kids laugh)
53
00:05:54,275 --> 00:05:56,980
- ♪♪ (music concludes) ♪♪
- (birds chirping)
54
00:05:57,114 --> 00:06:00,186
Well, it all started
at the end of 1956.
55
00:06:01,422 --> 00:06:05,531
I had just finished
my second year in high school.
56
00:06:06,433 --> 00:06:08,069
And instead of going further,
57
00:06:08,370 --> 00:06:09,806
I decided to leave school
58
00:06:09,940 --> 00:06:11,710
because the government
had deliberately lowered
59
00:06:11,843 --> 00:06:15,283
the already low standard
of education for Africans,
60
00:06:15,685 --> 00:06:17,020
with what they call
the introduction
61
00:06:17,354 --> 00:06:19,125
of the Bantu Education Act.
62
00:06:20,427 --> 00:06:23,834
So, I decided this was going
a little bit too far
and I left,
63
00:06:24,903 --> 00:06:27,508
and decided to finish
my schooling by correspondence.
64
00:06:27,708 --> 00:06:29,779
Then of course,
it took me a year...
65
00:06:31,550 --> 00:06:33,019
before I could get a break...
66
00:06:34,255 --> 00:06:35,725
as a darkroom assistant.
67
00:06:36,827 --> 00:06:40,535
So, in about May 1958,
I got my first break
68
00:06:40,668 --> 00:06:42,037
through a young
German photographer,
69
00:06:42,171 --> 00:06:45,143
Jürgen Schadeberg,
on Drum magazine.
70
00:06:46,278 --> 00:06:47,515
And...
71
00:06:48,784 --> 00:06:50,320
because Drum
was in Johannesburg,
72
00:06:50,454 --> 00:06:53,092
which is two and a half hours
away from my hometown,
73
00:06:53,492 --> 00:06:56,834
I, you know, had to
read my lessons on the train.
74
00:06:57,134 --> 00:06:59,271
- (papers shuffling)
- (school bell ringing)
75
00:06:59,405 --> 00:07:04,615
- (indistinct chatter)
- (train tracks rattling)
76
00:07:04,749 --> 00:07:08,890
- (crowd clamoring)
- (bicycle bell dinging)
77
00:07:10,661 --> 00:07:11,897
Ernest: Later in 1959,
78
00:07:12,030 --> 00:07:14,101
I saw my first
photographic book,
79
00:07:14,234 --> 00:07:16,473
which is entitled
"People of Moscow"
80
00:07:16,907 --> 00:07:19,513
by Cartier-Bresson.
So, then I decided,
81
00:07:19,646 --> 00:07:22,083
"Well, this is the form
I wanted my work to take."
82
00:07:23,720 --> 00:07:26,726
And slowly,
I started documenting,
83
00:07:27,227 --> 00:07:30,366
you know, just to show what life
was really like in South Africa.
84
00:07:30,901 --> 00:07:36,478
- (indistinct chatter)
- (crowd clamoring)
85
00:07:37,214 --> 00:07:39,686
(train horn blaring)
86
00:07:39,953 --> 00:07:45,096
(camera shutter clicking)
87
00:07:45,932 --> 00:07:50,708
(train tracks rattling)
88
00:07:55,718 --> 00:07:59,792
Ernest: I was of course aware
that after finishing it,
89
00:08:00,426 --> 00:08:03,266
it wouldn't be possible
to remain in South Africa,
90
00:08:03,399 --> 00:08:05,137
but then I...
you know, I didn't care
91
00:08:05,270 --> 00:08:07,708
because this is a chance
you take,
92
00:08:07,909 --> 00:08:09,912
and all of us have taken.
93
00:08:10,179 --> 00:08:12,652
You don't want, you know,
to live under the...
94
00:08:12,919 --> 00:08:14,689
those miserable conditions.
95
00:08:15,156 --> 00:08:18,062
I've been banned in absentia,
but that doesn't matter.
96
00:08:18,764 --> 00:08:23,105
It'll stand, I mean, you know,
in the future, because, uh...
97
00:08:23,807 --> 00:08:25,811
I'm sure
South Africa will be free.
98
00:08:26,746 --> 00:08:29,017
- ♪♪ (dramatic music playing) ♪♪
- Reporter 1:
Demonstrations against
99
00:08:29,151 --> 00:08:32,357
the South African government's
strict Apartheid policies.
100
00:08:32,692 --> 00:08:34,662
At Sharpeville,
an industrial township,
101
00:08:34,962 --> 00:08:37,167
thousands gather
outside a police station
102
00:08:37,301 --> 00:08:40,541
in protest against new laws
requiring every African
103
00:08:40,675 --> 00:08:42,711
to carry a pass at all time.
104
00:08:45,718 --> 00:08:49,391
- (plane engine roaring)
- (Soldiers clamoring)
105
00:08:49,525 --> 00:08:52,163
(crowd screaming, clamoring)
106
00:08:55,003 --> 00:08:59,177
Reporter 2: (in French)
107
00:08:59,779 --> 00:09:02,451
Reporter 3: (in English)
Sharpeville, police fired
into a crowd
108
00:09:02,586 --> 00:09:04,020
of unarmed demonstrators,
109
00:09:04,154 --> 00:09:07,194
killing 69,
including women and children.
110
00:09:07,562 --> 00:09:10,834
Reporter 4: (in French)
111
00:09:15,376 --> 00:09:17,447
Reporter 5: (in English)
Worldwide protests were raised,
112
00:09:17,581 --> 00:09:19,317
including a condemnation
of the violence
113
00:09:19,451 --> 00:09:21,890
by the United States
State Department.
114
00:09:23,727 --> 00:09:26,331
♪♪ (melancholic music playing) ♪♪
115
00:09:29,739 --> 00:09:31,943
UN Delegate:
Operative paragraph three
116
00:09:32,310 --> 00:09:35,884
of Document S/5384
117
00:09:36,620 --> 00:09:38,623
which reads as follows.
118
00:09:39,491 --> 00:09:41,664
Three calls upon all states
119
00:09:41,797 --> 00:09:43,266
to boycott
all South African goods
120
00:09:43,400 --> 00:09:45,671
and to refrain
from exporting to South Africa
121
00:09:45,805 --> 00:09:48,409
strategic materials
of direct military value
122
00:09:48,677 --> 00:09:50,614
is now put to the vote.
123
00:09:51,048 --> 00:09:52,718
Will those in favor
124
00:09:52,852 --> 00:09:55,423
of that paragraph
please raise their hands?
125
00:09:55,591 --> 00:09:58,229
Translator: (in French)
126
00:09:58,496 --> 00:10:01,269
(council members muttering)
127
00:10:02,071 --> 00:10:05,277
UN Delegate: (in English)
The result of the vote
128
00:10:05,711 --> 00:10:08,984
is nine in favor,
none opposed,
129
00:10:09,385 --> 00:10:10,988
and two abstentions.
130
00:10:11,723 --> 00:10:13,894
The resolution, as amended,
131
00:10:14,027 --> 00:10:17,535
has consequently been adopted
by the Security Council.
132
00:10:17,902 --> 00:10:21,643
♪♪ (jovial folk music playing) ♪♪
133
00:10:25,183 --> 00:10:26,887
Presenter:
The achievement in the towns,
134
00:10:27,020 --> 00:10:29,559
new homes for over
a million people in 12 years.
135
00:10:29,959 --> 00:10:32,565
Budget, 120 million pounds.
136
00:10:33,466 --> 00:10:37,140
- ♪♪ (music concludes) ♪♪
- (bulldozer engines rumbling)
137
00:10:37,273 --> 00:10:40,246
(bricks crumbling)
138
00:10:40,848 --> 00:10:43,018
Narrator: One morning, in 1960,
139
00:10:43,485 --> 00:10:46,325
government bulldozers
came clanking down the road,
140
00:10:46,492 --> 00:10:48,697
into the neighborhood
where I lived.
141
00:10:49,932 --> 00:10:51,603
This was Eersterust,
142
00:10:52,270 --> 00:10:55,009
a freehold township
ten miles past Pretoria.
143
00:10:55,544 --> 00:10:59,251
Some would call it a slum,
but I loved Eersterust.
144
00:10:59,819 --> 00:11:02,892
I had lived most of my 21 years
in that neighborhood.
145
00:11:03,025 --> 00:11:06,198
(hammer clanking)
146
00:11:06,332 --> 00:11:08,637
Narrator: My father,
a self-taught tailor,
147
00:11:08,971 --> 00:11:11,041
and my mother, a washerwoman,
148
00:11:11,308 --> 00:11:13,547
had raised their six children
in that house.
149
00:11:13,981 --> 00:11:16,986
- (debris crashing)
- (bulldozer engines rumbling)
150
00:11:17,120 --> 00:11:19,458
Narrator: Once the bulldozers
began their work,
151
00:11:19,760 --> 00:11:20,962
they were quick about it.
152
00:11:21,495 --> 00:11:25,237
Within minutes, the Black spot
had been eradicated.
153
00:11:25,938 --> 00:11:28,475
♪♪ (brooding music playing) ♪♪
154
00:11:33,186 --> 00:11:34,388
Narrator: In South Africa,
155
00:11:34,522 --> 00:11:37,828
a "Black spot"
is an African township
156
00:11:38,129 --> 00:11:41,435
marked for obliteration
because it occupies an area
157
00:11:41,569 --> 00:11:43,841
into which
whites wish to expand.
158
00:11:43,974 --> 00:11:45,878
- (Baby wailing)
- (Kids chattering)
159
00:11:46,011 --> 00:11:48,584
Narrator: The government
describes relocation
160
00:11:48,717 --> 00:11:50,186
as "slum clearance,"
161
00:11:50,721 --> 00:11:53,627
and likes to brag
about its housing developments
162
00:11:53,894 --> 00:11:58,369
as a humanitarian solution
to an acute housing shortage.
163
00:12:00,373 --> 00:12:04,180
But the African knows,
he is only exchanging his slum
164
00:12:04,515 --> 00:12:07,320
that was home
for the sterile prison
165
00:12:07,554 --> 00:12:08,657
of a government ghetto.
166
00:12:08,790 --> 00:12:12,297
♪♪ (pensive music playing) ♪♪
167
00:12:12,431 --> 00:12:16,739
- (birds chirping)
- (indistinct chatter)
168
00:12:18,142 --> 00:12:19,979
(bicycle bell dinging)
169
00:12:21,516 --> 00:12:22,685
(bicycle bell dinging)
170
00:12:23,285 --> 00:12:26,893
- (indistinct chatter)
- (traffic rumbling)
171
00:12:38,583 --> 00:12:41,422
Narrator: The African
does not also have the right
172
00:12:41,556 --> 00:12:44,427
to walk the city streets
of his country.
173
00:12:45,698 --> 00:12:48,336
His presence
in the white urban areas
174
00:12:48,469 --> 00:12:49,672
is tolerated
175
00:12:49,805 --> 00:12:52,143
as long as he's doing
the required job.
176
00:12:53,613 --> 00:12:56,620
At all other times,
he is a trespasser,
177
00:12:57,054 --> 00:13:00,093
unless he has
his "reference book."
178
00:13:01,028 --> 00:13:03,132
Without it,
a Black man is nothing.
179
00:13:03,767 --> 00:13:07,942
He cannot get a job,
find housing, get married,
180
00:13:08,610 --> 00:13:11,381
or even pick up
a parcel at the post office.
181
00:13:16,225 --> 00:13:18,630
A man's pass
contains his life history
182
00:13:18,763 --> 00:13:20,600
- in brief detail.
- ♪♪ (music concludes) ♪♪
183
00:13:20,734 --> 00:13:23,707
Narrator: It tells his name,
where he comes from,
184
00:13:24,074 --> 00:13:27,849
which tribe he belongs to,
the place and date of his
birth,
185
00:13:28,316 --> 00:13:30,219
and his father's birthplace.
186
00:13:31,154 --> 00:13:34,194
The pass tells
whether he has paid his taxes
187
00:13:34,628 --> 00:13:36,666
and indicates his grade
of employment,
188
00:13:36,933 --> 00:13:41,609
"domestic servant,
laborer, student, clerk, etc."
189
00:13:43,246 --> 00:13:45,349
The government
can pull a man's pass
190
00:13:45,483 --> 00:13:49,925
at any time, for any reason,
or for no reason at all.
191
00:13:51,429 --> 00:13:53,098
- (metal gate clanking)
- Narrator: This happens
192
00:13:53,232 --> 00:13:54,936
thousands of times in a day,
193
00:13:55,102 --> 00:13:58,209
and still,
it remains a spectacle.
194
00:13:58,810 --> 00:14:00,079
♪♪ (playful jazz music playing) ♪♪
195
00:14:00,480 --> 00:14:02,551
Narrator:
Like in an Afrikaans Rashomon,
196
00:14:02,685 --> 00:14:06,191
these characters are locked
in their own narrative.
197
00:14:07,662 --> 00:14:08,897
In this picture,
198
00:14:09,131 --> 00:14:10,701
these three women
in the background
199
00:14:10,868 --> 00:14:15,777
show passive curiosity,
or anxiety tinged with fear,
200
00:14:15,977 --> 00:14:17,748
or downright panic.
201
00:14:18,984 --> 00:14:22,490
The young boy behind
seems to be reasonably
reassured
202
00:14:22,625 --> 00:14:24,929
that he is not to be
the victim.
203
00:14:26,364 --> 00:14:28,803
The Black policeman
does his job by the book,
204
00:14:28,937 --> 00:14:31,275
accurately and conscientiously.
205
00:14:31,877 --> 00:14:34,815
There can be no objections
to his routine.
206
00:14:35,416 --> 00:14:37,521
He has a uniform, an income,
207
00:14:37,755 --> 00:14:41,228
a place in society,
more than any other fellow.
208
00:14:44,201 --> 00:14:46,171
It is not clear from this photo
209
00:14:46,305 --> 00:14:49,177
whether he was entrusted
with a gun or not.
210
00:14:49,912 --> 00:14:54,454
But gun or no gun,
he remains his master's man.
211
00:14:55,925 --> 00:14:57,127
And then,
212
00:14:57,327 --> 00:14:58,563
there's this
white-looking character
213
00:14:58,696 --> 00:14:59,999
on the right.
214
00:15:00,132 --> 00:15:02,404
Clearly passive,
not even curious.
215
00:15:03,406 --> 00:15:07,347
He has nothing at stake here.
Both hands in his pocket.
216
00:15:07,748 --> 00:15:09,218
He observes,
217
00:15:09,418 --> 00:15:13,325
like he might observe
a lizard devouring a fly.
218
00:15:14,929 --> 00:15:16,666
A day like any other day.
219
00:15:17,634 --> 00:15:20,974
Same incident,
different realities.
220
00:15:22,343 --> 00:15:24,649
- (van door opening)
- ♪♪ (tense music playing) ♪♪
221
00:15:24,782 --> 00:15:27,921
Narrator: Even in the court,
the African must wait.
222
00:15:28,489 --> 00:15:31,630
But once his turn comes,
justice is swift.
223
00:15:31,763 --> 00:15:33,232
(footsteps shuffling)
224
00:15:33,398 --> 00:15:35,504
Narrator: The prisoners
are led into the courtroom
225
00:15:35,638 --> 00:15:37,473
- in small groups...
- (door opening)
226
00:15:37,608 --> 00:15:40,113
...and one at a time,
they are called forward.
227
00:15:40,246 --> 00:15:42,050
(typewriters clacking)
228
00:15:42,183 --> 00:15:44,187
Narrator:
One fine old British custom
229
00:15:44,321 --> 00:15:46,993
survives in South Africa's
penal system,
230
00:15:47,160 --> 00:15:49,164
- the whip.
- (whip cracking)
231
00:15:49,297 --> 00:15:50,800
Narrator: In 1963,
232
00:15:50,934 --> 00:15:53,372
according to records
meticulously kept,
233
00:15:53,740 --> 00:16:01,054
83,206 lashes were meted out
to 17,404 prisoners.
234
00:16:11,242 --> 00:16:13,412
- ♪♪ (pensive music playing) ♪♪
- Narrator: House of Bondage.
235
00:16:13,547 --> 00:16:17,420
I feel like I put my whole life
into creating that book.
236
00:16:21,963 --> 00:16:24,268
I risked my life every day.
237
00:16:24,502 --> 00:16:27,541
I had to learn
to shoot at eye level.
238
00:16:27,875 --> 00:16:29,310
(camera shutter clicking)
239
00:16:32,384 --> 00:16:34,521
Narrator:
I had to shoot while walking.
240
00:16:36,392 --> 00:16:37,661
(camera shutter clicking)
241
00:16:37,795 --> 00:16:39,430
Narrator:
It's a matter of survival.
242
00:16:40,132 --> 00:16:42,571
To steal every moment.
243
00:16:45,476 --> 00:16:48,149
But the monster
does not even need to hide.
244
00:16:48,415 --> 00:16:50,621
He is on a mission.
245
00:16:51,055 --> 00:16:52,390
(camera shutter clicking)
246
00:17:12,397 --> 00:17:15,804
(camera reel clicking, whirring)
247
00:17:16,171 --> 00:17:18,409
Narrator:
I am collecting evidence,
248
00:17:19,344 --> 00:17:22,918
and sometimes,
the monster looks back at me.
249
00:17:23,318 --> 00:17:25,724
Our policy is one,
250
00:17:26,526 --> 00:17:29,497
which is called by
an Afrikaans word, "Apartheid."
251
00:17:30,901 --> 00:17:34,140
And I'm afraid that has been
misunderstood so often.
252
00:17:34,909 --> 00:17:36,980
It could just as easily
253
00:17:37,313 --> 00:17:39,619
and perhaps,
much better be described
254
00:17:39,752 --> 00:17:42,624
as a policy
of good neighborliness.
255
00:17:43,593 --> 00:17:46,933
Accepting that there are
differences between people.
256
00:17:47,434 --> 00:17:48,737
(bell tolling)
257
00:17:49,070 --> 00:17:50,507
Reporter: Outside
the High Court in Pretoria,
258
00:17:50,641 --> 00:17:52,010
sympathizers waited
for the verdict
259
00:17:52,176 --> 00:17:54,147
on Black leader
Nelson Mandela.
260
00:17:54,649 --> 00:17:56,318
Reporter:
Mandela had declared in court,
261
00:17:56,451 --> 00:17:57,721
"I planned sabotage
262
00:17:58,088 --> 00:18:00,827
because all lawful methods
of opposition were closed."
263
00:18:01,061 --> 00:18:03,800
"I have cherished the ideal
of democratic society
264
00:18:03,933 --> 00:18:05,737
with equal opportunity for all."
265
00:18:05,937 --> 00:18:07,139
"That is an ideal," he said,
266
00:18:07,273 --> 00:18:09,344
"for which I am prepared
to die."
267
00:18:09,579 --> 00:18:13,787
♪♪ (somber music playing) ♪♪
268
00:18:14,220 --> 00:18:18,062
Narrator:
South Africa is a land
of signs.
269
00:18:18,763 --> 00:18:22,571
A total separation of
facilities on the basis
of race.
270
00:18:23,138 --> 00:18:28,148
For every African, the signs,
oppressive, are always there.
271
00:18:28,282 --> 00:18:30,553
♪♪ (upbeat drums playing) ♪♪
272
00:18:32,691 --> 00:18:36,231
Narrator: Sometimes,
the sign says only, "Goods."
273
00:18:37,333 --> 00:18:38,804
But if you are Black,
274
00:18:39,404 --> 00:18:41,542
you know that elevator
is for you too.
275
00:18:43,279 --> 00:18:49,591
The depravity of Apartheid,
a morbid system of separation.
276
00:18:53,098 --> 00:18:57,908
- ♪♪ (pensive music playing) ♪♪
- (birds chirping)
277
00:19:00,446 --> 00:19:02,617
(water flowing)
278
00:19:05,791 --> 00:19:08,462
- (cash register dings)
- (typewriters clacking)
279
00:19:20,453 --> 00:19:23,025
(indistinct chatter)
280
00:19:23,158 --> 00:19:25,797
Narrator: When I say
that people can be fired,
281
00:19:25,930 --> 00:19:29,471
or arrested,
or abused, or whipped,
282
00:19:29,739 --> 00:19:31,776
- or banished for trifles...
- (handcuffs clinking)
283
00:19:31,910 --> 00:19:34,381
...I'm not describing
the exceptional case
284
00:19:34,515 --> 00:19:36,685
for the sake
of being inflammatory.
285
00:19:38,991 --> 00:19:42,130
Legal indignities
eventually become part
286
00:19:42,263 --> 00:19:44,500
of the reality
of your existence.
287
00:19:44,835 --> 00:19:50,012
Onerous, but unavoidable,
and in a way, tolerable,
288
00:19:50,145 --> 00:19:51,715
like a bad climate.
289
00:19:54,522 --> 00:19:55,724
You may escape,
290
00:19:56,091 --> 00:19:59,464
but you carry
your prison smell with you.
291
00:20:02,170 --> 00:20:04,107
The white man's fear
of Blackness...
292
00:20:04,241 --> 00:20:05,544
(cigarette sizzling)
293
00:20:05,677 --> 00:20:07,113
...and whatever
it symbolizes for him,
294
00:20:07,246 --> 00:20:08,616
goads him unmercifully.
295
00:20:09,184 --> 00:20:12,356
His hatred erupts
on slight provocation.
296
00:20:13,292 --> 00:20:16,231
One slip, one fancied slight,
297
00:20:16,364 --> 00:20:19,104
one ill-considered act
or hasty word,
298
00:20:19,505 --> 00:20:20,975
and he is upon you,
299
00:20:21,275 --> 00:20:25,449
an enemy ablaze with rage
and emboldened by his immunity.
300
00:20:29,323 --> 00:20:32,363
All Blacks have seen
white men and women thus.
301
00:20:33,800 --> 00:20:35,436
All have been tongue-lashed.
302
00:20:36,271 --> 00:20:39,211
Perhaps not quite all
have been bullied,
303
00:20:39,745 --> 00:20:41,481
threatened, shoved,
304
00:20:41,716 --> 00:20:45,355
spat upon, slapped, or slugged.
305
00:20:47,327 --> 00:20:48,930
There is no recourse.
306
00:20:50,399 --> 00:20:51,970
♪♪ (music concludes) ♪♪
307
00:20:52,103 --> 00:20:54,340
Radio presenter: (over radio)
The more you need Ajax,
308
00:20:54,473 --> 00:20:56,345
the most powerful name
in cleaning!
309
00:20:56,478 --> 00:20:58,048
- (birds chirping)
- (water rippling)
310
00:20:58,182 --> 00:21:00,219
Narrator:
White homes are crucibles
311
00:21:00,353 --> 00:21:02,256
of racism in South Africa.
312
00:21:03,058 --> 00:21:05,831
Here, the races meet
face to face
313
00:21:06,131 --> 00:21:08,703
- as master and servant.
- ♪♪ (somber music playing) ♪♪
314
00:21:10,005 --> 00:21:13,813
Narrator: All servants are Black
and all masters white.
315
00:21:13,947 --> 00:21:15,918
- (bats clacking)
- (indistinct chatter)
316
00:21:16,051 --> 00:21:18,221
Narrator: The typical pay
for a live-in servant
317
00:21:18,355 --> 00:21:20,594
is 15 to 20 dollars a month,
318
00:21:21,127 --> 00:21:22,631
plus bed and meals.
319
00:21:24,000 --> 00:21:27,508
If you don't complain,
they think... you're happy.
320
00:21:28,375 --> 00:21:32,584
If you do complain,
they think you're ungrateful.
321
00:21:33,786 --> 00:21:38,128
- (Kids wailing, giggling)
- (indistinct chatter)
322
00:21:38,262 --> 00:21:41,000
♪♪ (tender music playing) ♪♪
323
00:21:44,709 --> 00:21:47,747
(children laughing)
324
00:22:00,373 --> 00:22:03,780
Narrator: "I love this child,"
says the nanny,
325
00:22:04,748 --> 00:22:07,086
"Though she'll grow up
to treat me
326
00:22:07,220 --> 00:22:08,723
just like her mother does,
327
00:22:10,426 --> 00:22:12,664
now, she is innocent."
328
00:22:13,666 --> 00:22:16,539
(Babies giggling)
329
00:22:17,106 --> 00:22:20,647
- (Babies crying)
- (indistinct chatter)
330
00:22:29,230 --> 00:22:30,800
Presenter:
This leaflet has been prepared
331
00:22:30,934 --> 00:22:32,805
by the Non-European
Affairs Department
332
00:22:32,938 --> 00:22:35,242
in the hope that it will assist
European employers
333
00:22:35,376 --> 00:22:38,249
in their day-to-day dealings
with their Bantu servants.
334
00:22:38,382 --> 00:22:41,254
One of the most
popular fallacies prevailing
335
00:22:41,388 --> 00:22:42,858
amongst South Africans is that,
336
00:22:42,992 --> 00:22:45,897
"I know the Bantu
and how to treat him."
337
00:22:46,031 --> 00:22:48,034
For this reason,
it is earnestly hoped
338
00:22:48,168 --> 00:22:50,239
that this little booklet
will prove of some value
339
00:22:50,373 --> 00:22:54,413
- to the public.
- ♪♪ (menacing music playing) ♪♪
340
00:22:59,157 --> 00:23:02,129
Narrator: The manual says
to speak to the servant
341
00:23:02,262 --> 00:23:04,668
- in a language they
understand.
- (camera shutter clicking)
342
00:23:04,835 --> 00:23:08,309
Narrator: And try to remember
that they are human.
343
00:23:08,710 --> 00:23:10,913
- ♪♪ (whimsical music playing) ♪♪
- (dog yaps)
344
00:23:11,749 --> 00:23:15,690
(dog pants, barks)
345
00:23:31,088 --> 00:23:34,728
(dog whines, barks)
346
00:23:41,341 --> 00:23:43,378
- ♪♪ (music concludes) ♪♪
- (dog whimpers)
347
00:23:43,813 --> 00:23:46,919
(indistinct chatter)
348
00:23:47,053 --> 00:23:48,690
Narrator: A few white policemen
349
00:23:49,023 --> 00:23:51,094
decided that the world
was normal.
350
00:23:52,296 --> 00:23:54,835
- Just a man and a woman.
- (child yelling)
351
00:23:54,968 --> 00:23:56,972
- (Resident laughing)
- Narrator: More, if compatible.
352
00:23:59,645 --> 00:24:00,880
Human again.
353
00:24:02,383 --> 00:24:03,919
Even for a brief moment.
354
00:24:05,322 --> 00:24:06,759
Does the woman have a choice?
355
00:24:07,527 --> 00:24:10,667
♪♪ ("Kitty's Blues"
by Dolly Rathebe playing) ♪♪
356
00:24:10,800 --> 00:24:14,440
♪♪ (singing in foreign
language) ♪♪
357
00:24:14,574 --> 00:24:16,512
(Kids chattering)
358
00:24:17,380 --> 00:24:19,484
Narrator:
How do you keep your humanity
359
00:24:19,685 --> 00:24:21,220
in the face of all this?
360
00:24:22,958 --> 00:24:26,230
It's not a question.
It's an observation.
361
00:24:28,469 --> 00:24:31,174
(Kids yelling, clamoring)
362
00:24:34,849 --> 00:24:37,086
Narrator:
I am trying to find sense
363
00:24:37,219 --> 00:24:38,556
where there ain't any.
364
00:24:39,859 --> 00:24:42,063
As close to reality
as possible.
365
00:24:43,298 --> 00:24:47,808
Find an immediate connection
to life and its contradictions.
366
00:24:47,941 --> 00:24:49,578
(Kids chattering, laughing)
367
00:24:49,711 --> 00:24:52,249
Narrator: A link
which I can't afford to lose.
368
00:24:53,151 --> 00:24:56,290
But I can't find anything
that justifies all this.
369
00:24:56,692 --> 00:24:58,295
(machines whirring)
370
00:24:58,428 --> 00:25:01,334
Narrator: South Africa's wealth
is rooted firmly
371
00:25:01,468 --> 00:25:03,138
in great mineral resources.
372
00:25:03,472 --> 00:25:06,310
- Diamonds, platinum, iron...
- (metal clanging)
373
00:25:06,444 --> 00:25:08,382
- ...copper, uranium...
- (indistinct chatter)
374
00:25:08,616 --> 00:25:10,486
...and above all, gold.
375
00:25:10,620 --> 00:25:13,793
- (machines humming)
- (tools clanking)
376
00:25:13,926 --> 00:25:15,997
Narrator: These mines produce
about 70 percent
377
00:25:16,131 --> 00:25:18,402
of all the free world supply
of gold.
378
00:25:19,170 --> 00:25:21,174
The brute work is done
by Africans.
379
00:25:21,642 --> 00:25:24,681
Recruits from all points
are brought to the tremendous
380
00:25:24,815 --> 00:25:26,919
Witwatersrand Native Labor
Association
381
00:25:27,053 --> 00:25:29,324
main depot in Johannesburg.
382
00:25:30,092 --> 00:25:33,265
Here, they are processed
and assigned to the mines,
383
00:25:33,532 --> 00:25:34,801
where they will work
384
00:25:34,968 --> 00:25:36,237
for the duration
of their contract.
385
00:25:37,440 --> 00:25:40,947
- (birds chirping)
- (indistinct chatter)
386
00:25:41,181 --> 00:25:42,517
Narrator: One will tell you,
387
00:25:43,184 --> 00:25:45,455
"I'll be going home
when the drought ends."
388
00:25:45,590 --> 00:25:47,360
(train tracks rattling)
389
00:25:47,561 --> 00:25:48,830
Narrator: But it never does.
390
00:25:49,932 --> 00:25:52,938
- And life in the mines
goes on.
- (train engine hissing)
391
00:25:53,071 --> 00:25:56,845
♪♪ (pensive music playing) ♪♪
392
00:25:57,446 --> 00:26:00,620
(stamp clacking)
393
00:26:33,084 --> 00:26:35,389
- ♪♪ (music concludes) ♪♪
- (bell ringing)
394
00:26:35,523 --> 00:26:37,728
Narrator:
The scale of payment is frugal.
395
00:26:38,362 --> 00:26:40,667
For losing two legs
above the knee,
396
00:26:41,034 --> 00:26:42,737
and thus his livelihood,
397
00:26:42,871 --> 00:26:47,013
one fellow I saw,
received 1,036 dollars,
398
00:26:47,514 --> 00:26:48,916
which was being paid out
399
00:26:49,183 --> 00:26:51,888
at the rate of eight dollars
and 40 cents a month,
400
00:26:52,289 --> 00:26:55,730
and was supposed to last him
for the rest of his life.
401
00:26:57,801 --> 00:27:02,176
♪♪ (funky jazz music playing) ♪♪
402
00:27:09,891 --> 00:27:12,129
Narrator:
Your own people are nothing.
403
00:27:13,131 --> 00:27:16,171
The strong father,
the harboring mother,
404
00:27:16,639 --> 00:27:18,341
the blood brother, nothing.
405
00:27:19,410 --> 00:27:22,015
The loyalty of families,
nothing.
406
00:27:23,284 --> 00:27:25,957
The allegiance of tribes,
nothing.
407
00:27:26,592 --> 00:27:28,294
They are nothing.
408
00:27:29,998 --> 00:27:32,738
You look vainly
for heroes to emulate.
409
00:27:33,673 --> 00:27:36,879
Many already half believe
the white man's estimate
410
00:27:37,012 --> 00:27:38,682
of their worthlessness.
411
00:27:40,118 --> 00:27:43,091
- But inside, there is fire.
- (Residents shouting)
412
00:27:43,224 --> 00:27:44,794
Narrator:
You rise in the morning,
413
00:27:44,928 --> 00:27:46,765
filled with sour thoughts
of your poverty
414
00:27:46,899 --> 00:27:48,670
under the white economy...
415
00:27:49,337 --> 00:27:51,942
where parks are free
and benches available,
416
00:27:52,076 --> 00:27:54,414
- you do not want them.
- (crowd clamoring)
417
00:27:54,548 --> 00:27:57,019
Narrator:
Good food does not impress you.
418
00:27:57,821 --> 00:27:59,491
Vacations are for fools.
419
00:28:00,694 --> 00:28:04,267
You do not try too hard
or expect too much of yourself,
420
00:28:04,602 --> 00:28:06,939
for it is still
a white man's world.
421
00:28:08,776 --> 00:28:10,445
Your anger is unabated,
422
00:28:10,713 --> 00:28:13,619
for each day's newly discovered
small liberties...
423
00:28:14,353 --> 00:28:16,458
recall restrictions
in the past.
424
00:28:17,226 --> 00:28:19,030
♪♪ (gloomy jazz music playing) ♪♪
425
00:28:19,164 --> 00:28:22,069
- (indistinct chatter)
- (passing footsteps)
426
00:28:23,939 --> 00:28:26,311
(crowd applauding)
427
00:28:26,444 --> 00:28:30,753
- (bell ringing)
- (crowd cheering)
428
00:28:34,293 --> 00:28:37,633
Narrator: And as we overcame
our deficiencies,
429
00:28:38,134 --> 00:28:40,740
lost our political
and economic innocence,
430
00:28:41,340 --> 00:28:44,514
- civilized our savage
nature...
- (instruments rattling)
431
00:28:44,648 --> 00:28:46,618
...and worshiped
the white God...
432
00:28:47,386 --> 00:28:49,257
we would earn
the white man's friendship
433
00:28:49,390 --> 00:28:50,458
and approval.
434
00:28:51,762 --> 00:28:53,431
Then would the best of us
435
00:28:53,565 --> 00:28:55,335
would have a seat
in his councils
436
00:28:55,703 --> 00:28:58,274
and the privilege of acting
like white men.
437
00:28:59,645 --> 00:29:01,916
Yet, it has turned out...
438
00:29:02,584 --> 00:29:05,489
that we studied
the white man's language
439
00:29:06,124 --> 00:29:09,129
only to learn the terms
of our servitude.
440
00:29:19,417 --> 00:29:21,955
Narrator: Three hundred years
of white supremacy
441
00:29:22,222 --> 00:29:26,130
have placed us in bondage,
stripped us of dignity,
442
00:29:26,966 --> 00:29:28,803
robbed us of self-esteem,
443
00:29:29,505 --> 00:29:32,677
- and surrounded us with hate.
- (crowd clamoring)
444
00:29:32,810 --> 00:29:33,979
(gunshots firing)
445
00:29:34,213 --> 00:29:36,985
The foreigners
who are operating businesses,
446
00:29:37,219 --> 00:29:39,223
we need to regulate them.
447
00:29:39,357 --> 00:29:42,798
- (glass shattering)
- (crowd shouting, clamoring)
448
00:29:42,931 --> 00:29:45,536
♪♪ (pensive music playing) ♪♪
449
00:29:51,815 --> 00:29:54,721
Narrator: The Native
Administration Act of 1927
450
00:29:54,855 --> 00:29:58,328
empowers the government,
whenever it is deemed expedient
451
00:29:58,461 --> 00:30:02,504
in the general public interest,
to move any individual African,
452
00:30:02,637 --> 00:30:04,909
or an entire tribe
for that matter,
453
00:30:05,175 --> 00:30:07,146
from any place
within South Africa
454
00:30:07,279 --> 00:30:08,549
to any other place.
455
00:30:08,916 --> 00:30:13,057
No prior notice is required
and no time limit set.
456
00:30:21,942 --> 00:30:24,514
I was determined to visit
a banishment camp
457
00:30:24,647 --> 00:30:26,083
and see for myself.
458
00:30:32,329 --> 00:30:35,069
I made my trip in 1964.
459
00:30:35,670 --> 00:30:38,475
I picked Frenchdale,
an isolated outpost
460
00:30:38,610 --> 00:30:40,880
in the northern reaches
of Cape Province
461
00:30:41,014 --> 00:30:42,551
near the border of Botswana.
462
00:30:42,684 --> 00:30:45,589
(car engine rumbling)
463
00:30:47,493 --> 00:30:49,430
Narrator: An acquaintance agreed
to drop me off
464
00:30:49,731 --> 00:30:51,802
and return for me
five days later.
465
00:30:51,936 --> 00:30:55,041
♪♪ (somber music playing) ♪♪
466
00:30:56,177 --> 00:30:57,547
Narrator: We drove
for several hours
467
00:30:57,680 --> 00:30:59,016
down the dirt road
468
00:30:59,350 --> 00:31:01,220
that stretched through miles
of flat nothingness.
469
00:31:02,289 --> 00:31:05,229
It was arid,
semi-desert country,
470
00:31:05,730 --> 00:31:09,236
treeless, and barely able
to support shrubs.
471
00:31:11,207 --> 00:31:13,512
- (wind howling)
- (crickets chirping)
472
00:31:13,646 --> 00:31:16,484
Narrator: Late at night,
we reached the banishment camp.
473
00:31:17,019 --> 00:31:20,993
Soon, everybody in the camp
came together to greet us.
474
00:31:21,494 --> 00:31:25,202
They were so glad to see us,
to see anyone.
475
00:31:25,402 --> 00:31:29,076
♪♪ (gentle music playing) ♪♪
476
00:31:31,715 --> 00:31:33,151
Narrator: Piet Mokoena,
477
00:31:33,418 --> 00:31:35,824
formerly a tribal leader
in the Orange Free State,
478
00:31:36,057 --> 00:31:38,194
had been in Frenchdale
for ten years.
479
00:31:39,932 --> 00:31:42,168
Paulus Mopeli, a Basotho chief
480
00:31:42,402 --> 00:31:44,842
and the grandson
of the great leader Moshesh,
481
00:31:44,975 --> 00:31:47,213
had been in Frenchdale
for 14 years.
482
00:31:47,346 --> 00:31:49,951
♪♪ (melancholic music playing) ♪♪
483
00:31:50,553 --> 00:31:54,259
Narrator: Treaty, his wife,
was banished three years later
484
00:31:54,393 --> 00:31:57,432
and ended up in the same camp
by pure coincidence.
485
00:31:58,167 --> 00:31:59,270
She's still worried
over the fate
486
00:31:59,404 --> 00:32:01,174
of her six-year-old grandchild
487
00:32:01,307 --> 00:32:02,978
who had been pushed out
by police
488
00:32:03,111 --> 00:32:06,551
and told to fend for himself
the night she was picked up.
489
00:32:09,958 --> 00:32:11,261
The first thing about the camp
490
00:32:11,394 --> 00:32:14,400
that strikes the visitor
is the quiet.
491
00:32:14,534 --> 00:32:16,370
(wind whistling)
492
00:32:16,504 --> 00:32:18,275
Narrator:
There were no
children's voices,
493
00:32:18,475 --> 00:32:21,582
none of the murmuring sounds
of daily living.
494
00:32:22,049 --> 00:32:23,318
Nothing.
495
00:32:24,253 --> 00:32:26,792
The banished had lost count
of the days.
496
00:32:27,159 --> 00:32:30,098
Monday looks like Friday
in Frenchdale.
497
00:32:30,833 --> 00:32:33,204
Nothing breaks the monotony.
498
00:32:34,439 --> 00:32:36,444
The passage
from light to darkness
499
00:32:36,779 --> 00:32:39,984
- is their calendar.
- (crickets chirping)
500
00:32:41,855 --> 00:32:45,095
Narrator: In another day or so,
my friend came back for me,
501
00:32:45,295 --> 00:32:46,599
as we had arranged.
502
00:32:46,732 --> 00:32:51,073
- (traffic honking)
- (indistinct chatter)
503
00:32:51,207 --> 00:32:53,780
Narrator: As I re-entered
the restricted Black life
504
00:32:53,913 --> 00:32:55,415
of Johannesburg...
505
00:32:56,284 --> 00:32:58,421
I felt free.
506
00:33:04,133 --> 00:33:05,435
Miriam: I ask you,
507
00:33:05,569 --> 00:33:07,273
and all the leaders
of the world,
508
00:33:07,473 --> 00:33:09,243
would you act differently?
509
00:33:09,544 --> 00:33:12,082
Would you keep silent
and do nothing
510
00:33:12,449 --> 00:33:14,186
if you were in our place?
511
00:33:14,755 --> 00:33:18,127
Would you not resist
if you were allowed no rights
512
00:33:18,261 --> 00:33:19,732
in your own country
513
00:33:20,099 --> 00:33:21,701
because the color of your skin
514
00:33:21,835 --> 00:33:23,973
is different
to that of the ruler,
515
00:33:24,674 --> 00:33:28,381
and if you were punished
for even asking for equality?
516
00:33:28,950 --> 00:33:30,185
Mr. Chairman,
517
00:33:30,520 --> 00:33:33,759
there is already too much hate
in my country.
518
00:33:33,926 --> 00:33:35,428
(camera shutters clicking)
519
00:33:35,563 --> 00:33:37,967
Harold: The Labour Party
are not in favor
520
00:33:38,100 --> 00:33:40,338
of trade sanctions.
521
00:33:40,506 --> 00:33:43,278
They would harm the people
522
00:33:43,411 --> 00:33:46,017
we are most concerned about,
the Africans,
523
00:33:46,484 --> 00:33:50,425
and those white South Africans
who are fighting
524
00:33:50,560 --> 00:33:52,764
to maintain some standard
of decency there.
525
00:33:52,897 --> 00:33:55,736
- (indistinct chatter)
- (water trickling)
526
00:34:00,245 --> 00:34:05,556
Narrator: It was May 19th, 1966.
The day I left the beast.
527
00:34:07,527 --> 00:34:10,165
A group of friends came with me
to the airport.
528
00:34:10,566 --> 00:34:14,473
It was scary and cordial,
all at once.
529
00:34:15,543 --> 00:34:17,446
I was happy to leave nothing,
530
00:34:17,947 --> 00:34:20,018
sad to leave everything.
531
00:34:20,653 --> 00:34:22,356
- (indistinct chatter)
- Narrator: At any moment,
532
00:34:22,489 --> 00:34:25,162
Special Branch could interfere
and arrest us all,
533
00:34:25,295 --> 00:34:26,732
- and for sure...
- (plane engine roaring)
534
00:34:26,865 --> 00:34:29,805
...confiscate all of
my hidden negatives.
535
00:34:30,238 --> 00:34:33,377
♪♪ (singing in
foreign language) ♪♪
536
00:34:33,512 --> 00:34:39,190
♪♪ (upbeat drums playing) ♪♪
537
00:34:39,323 --> 00:34:43,799
(hisses, exhales)
538
00:34:52,182 --> 00:34:53,251
(chuckles)
539
00:34:53,385 --> 00:34:56,759
♪♪ (continues singing, fades) ♪♪
540
00:34:56,892 --> 00:35:00,332
Narrator: Leaving South Africa
was a shock to my friends.
541
00:35:00,767 --> 00:35:03,906
Few had dared to confront
the racist administration.
542
00:35:04,574 --> 00:35:08,916
Now, I am here
in this beautiful world,
543
00:35:09,316 --> 00:35:11,120
one we all dreamt about.
544
00:35:11,387 --> 00:35:13,124
♪♪ ("Lovely Lies" by
Miriam Makeba, The Manhattan
Brothers playing) ♪♪
545
00:35:13,258 --> 00:35:17,834
♪♪ You tell such lovely lies ♪♪
546
00:35:18,234 --> 00:35:23,579
♪♪ With your two lovely eyes ♪♪
547
00:35:23,779 --> 00:35:29,356
♪♪ When I leave your embrace ♪♪
548
00:35:29,691 --> 00:35:35,501
♪♪ Another takes my place... ♪♪
549
00:35:36,638 --> 00:35:38,274
Narrator:
A world without prejudice,
550
00:35:38,407 --> 00:35:42,750
without the maddening fear,
without the endless persecution
551
00:35:42,917 --> 00:35:44,988
and nullification
of all identity.
552
00:35:45,122 --> 00:35:46,324
(skipping rope swatting)
553
00:35:46,725 --> 00:35:49,530
Narrator: Yes, some of us
who made it into exile
554
00:35:49,731 --> 00:35:51,869
thought that the world
was just waiting for us,
555
00:35:52,002 --> 00:35:53,806
- great artists...
- (subway tracks rattling)
556
00:35:53,939 --> 00:35:56,010
...but we were driven
to insanity.
557
00:35:56,143 --> 00:35:58,214
♪♪ (melodic saxophone playing) ♪♪
558
00:35:58,348 --> 00:36:00,152
Narrator:
The shock was too violent.
559
00:36:00,586 --> 00:36:01,921
We were lost.
560
00:36:03,659 --> 00:36:07,533
Some had been sent back
into hell, battered.
561
00:36:10,071 --> 00:36:11,574
That's what happened to Kippie.
562
00:36:12,644 --> 00:36:14,981
Kippie couldn't bear the exile.
563
00:36:15,716 --> 00:36:19,323
He went back and faced
the regime in South Africa.
564
00:36:20,125 --> 00:36:22,462
He refused to play for years...
565
00:36:23,164 --> 00:36:27,238
and died there, poor, in 1983.
566
00:36:30,145 --> 00:36:31,648
Miriam survived.
567
00:36:33,417 --> 00:36:35,656
The Manhattan Brothers
survived.
568
00:36:36,992 --> 00:36:40,031
And Miriam sang
with The Manhattan Brothers.
569
00:36:40,232 --> 00:36:42,804
♪♪ ("Baby Ntsoare" by Miriam
Makeba, The Manhattan Brothers
playing) ♪♪
570
00:36:42,937 --> 00:36:46,711
♪♪ (singing in foreign
language) ♪♪
571
00:36:54,694 --> 00:36:57,867
Narrator: "What does it take
to survive the West?"
572
00:36:58,935 --> 00:37:02,910
"How am I going to fare
in this land of freedom
573
00:37:03,144 --> 00:37:04,246
and democracy?"
574
00:37:05,248 --> 00:37:08,288
The world loved us
when we were down there,
575
00:37:08,689 --> 00:37:11,494
suffering from Apartheid
and all that stuff.
576
00:37:12,029 --> 00:37:13,397
For some reason,
577
00:37:13,632 --> 00:37:16,437
we thought they would
welcome us with open arms.
578
00:37:16,938 --> 00:37:18,441
But we were wrong.
579
00:37:18,676 --> 00:37:20,680
♪♪ (triumphant music playing) ♪♪
580
00:37:20,813 --> 00:37:22,215
Reporter: The flags
of Commonwealth nations
581
00:37:22,349 --> 00:37:23,819
flew over Marlborough House.
582
00:37:23,952 --> 00:37:25,723
It was the start
of the Commonwealth Conference.
583
00:37:26,090 --> 00:37:27,893
Then came the shock news.
584
00:37:28,027 --> 00:37:29,363
Dr. Hendrik Verwoerd,
585
00:37:29,497 --> 00:37:31,668
South African premier,
had been assassinated.
586
00:37:31,935 --> 00:37:33,404
At South Africa house
in London...
587
00:37:33,539 --> 00:37:35,141
Narrator:
I remember that day very well.
588
00:37:35,408 --> 00:37:38,849
I had just left the offices
of Stern magazine.
589
00:37:39,283 --> 00:37:43,057
They had refused all my photos.
They were not interested.
590
00:37:43,191 --> 00:37:45,061
- ♪♪ (tense music playing) ♪♪
- Narrator: And then,
591
00:37:45,195 --> 00:37:48,535
the wires exploded with the
news of the assassination.
592
00:37:49,771 --> 00:37:52,009
Stern magazine called me back.
593
00:37:53,244 --> 00:37:57,286
A racist bigot died.
Suddenly, you have an opening.
594
00:37:57,854 --> 00:38:00,626
Suddenly, your work
makes sense.
595
00:38:03,598 --> 00:38:05,669
♪♪ (music concludes) ♪♪
596
00:38:05,870 --> 00:38:07,640
I was, of course, really naive
597
00:38:08,107 --> 00:38:11,080
when I started out
because I thought...
598
00:38:12,282 --> 00:38:15,489
being so far away, you know,
South Africa being so isolated,
599
00:38:16,057 --> 00:38:19,129
that all the noise
at the United Nations
600
00:38:19,731 --> 00:38:21,366
was leading somewhere,
in other words,
601
00:38:21,500 --> 00:38:25,141
that they were going to step in
and bring about some change.
602
00:38:25,843 --> 00:38:27,412
But in coming away
from South Africa,
603
00:38:27,547 --> 00:38:29,350
I found out that South Africa
604
00:38:29,483 --> 00:38:31,655
really was just
one of the topics
605
00:38:31,789 --> 00:38:34,293
on the United Nations agenda.
606
00:38:34,426 --> 00:38:37,566
♪♪ (brooding
jazz music playing) ♪♪
607
00:38:39,938 --> 00:38:43,545
Narrator: House of Bondage
took me ten years to make.
608
00:38:46,350 --> 00:38:48,688
So much of me is in it.
609
00:38:49,757 --> 00:38:51,961
All of me is in it.
610
00:39:06,257 --> 00:39:07,660
It made me famous.
611
00:39:09,196 --> 00:39:10,532
It made me.
612
00:39:25,830 --> 00:39:29,369
But why do I feel a sense
of betrayal?
613
00:39:30,573 --> 00:39:32,275
The world didn't want art,
614
00:39:32,844 --> 00:39:35,883
didn't want a book
about just humans,
615
00:39:36,585 --> 00:39:38,989
about the human condition.
616
00:39:41,260 --> 00:39:44,099
It was more
than a political pamphlet.
617
00:39:45,134 --> 00:39:46,504
It was not conceived
618
00:39:46,638 --> 00:39:49,777
as an anti-Apartheid
political crusade.
619
00:39:50,980 --> 00:39:53,886
It was about my life
in South Africa,
620
00:39:54,320 --> 00:39:57,425
and the lives of millions
of others.
621
00:39:58,762 --> 00:40:00,666
♪♪ (music fades) ♪♪
622
00:40:01,133 --> 00:40:03,237
Leslie: I became aware
of the existence
623
00:40:03,371 --> 00:40:07,980
of House of Bondage in 1999,
when I was on holiday.
624
00:40:08,180 --> 00:40:11,020
I was walking around the streets
of Cape Town.
625
00:40:11,153 --> 00:40:16,865
I came across a bookstore
called Clarke's Bookstore.
626
00:40:17,198 --> 00:40:18,368
Walked in there.
627
00:40:18,836 --> 00:40:22,075
I found a book of my...
628
00:40:22,910 --> 00:40:23,913
uncle.
629
00:40:24,146 --> 00:40:25,683
It's then that I learned
that the book
630
00:40:25,816 --> 00:40:28,555
was banned in 1967,
631
00:40:28,689 --> 00:40:31,393
and it was never sold
in South Africa.
632
00:40:31,527 --> 00:40:33,599
♪♪ (mellow jazz music playing) ♪♪
633
00:40:33,732 --> 00:40:37,038
- (traffic rumbling)
- (indistinct chatter)
634
00:40:42,082 --> 00:40:45,989
Narrator: Now comes the part
where I tell you
635
00:40:46,490 --> 00:40:47,893
what happened to my work...
636
00:40:48,260 --> 00:40:52,468
during all these years I spent
in the US and elsewhere.
637
00:40:56,778 --> 00:41:00,351
The story
of my slow disintegration
638
00:41:00,552 --> 00:41:02,221
and descent into hell.
639
00:41:03,925 --> 00:41:05,294
How I would transition
640
00:41:05,494 --> 00:41:08,467
from famous
and celebrated photographer
641
00:41:08,802 --> 00:41:12,175
to homeless at
the 34th street train station.
642
00:41:16,751 --> 00:41:18,989
All these photos of New York...
643
00:41:19,791 --> 00:41:22,262
only a few
have seen them before.
644
00:41:23,264 --> 00:41:26,470
For a long time,
people believed they were lost,
645
00:41:26,938 --> 00:41:29,678
dumped somewhere in a landfill.
646
00:41:30,378 --> 00:41:33,418
Some 60,000
photos and negatives.
647
00:41:33,752 --> 00:41:38,160
♪♪ (cheerful music playing) ♪♪
648
00:41:42,803 --> 00:41:44,039
Narrator: I see you.
649
00:41:45,609 --> 00:41:47,846
I see you every day.
650
00:41:49,950 --> 00:41:52,288
Maybe others
don't see you anymore.
651
00:41:53,290 --> 00:41:54,693
You're too common.
652
00:41:55,629 --> 00:41:57,132
Not exotic enough.
653
00:41:58,334 --> 00:42:02,208
You're not even seen anymore,
or even looked at.
654
00:42:03,111 --> 00:42:06,083
For me, everything is new,
655
00:42:07,452 --> 00:42:08,721
every smile,
656
00:42:09,690 --> 00:42:11,092
every glance,
657
00:42:12,061 --> 00:42:15,234
whether they look
at the camera or avoid it,
658
00:42:16,036 --> 00:42:19,142
and look away
as if it didn't exist.
659
00:42:22,550 --> 00:42:23,985
I see children.
660
00:42:25,355 --> 00:42:26,891
Adults with children.
661
00:42:28,528 --> 00:42:29,730
Women.
662
00:42:31,300 --> 00:42:32,936
(scoffs) Lots of women.
663
00:42:35,208 --> 00:42:36,309
Alone.
664
00:42:37,780 --> 00:42:39,115
In groups...
665
00:42:40,519 --> 00:42:41,754
of two...
666
00:42:42,923 --> 00:42:44,125
or three...
667
00:42:45,127 --> 00:42:46,230
or four.
668
00:42:46,999 --> 00:42:50,038
Black women, white women,
669
00:42:50,940 --> 00:42:54,814
women with hats,
women with scarves,
670
00:42:55,749 --> 00:42:57,185
women with umbrellas,
671
00:42:57,987 --> 00:42:59,590
women without umbrellas,
672
00:43:00,024 --> 00:43:03,998
sometimes also sitting,
reading the paper.
673
00:43:05,401 --> 00:43:07,973
(scoffs)
Not wanting to be annoyed,
674
00:43:08,809 --> 00:43:10,879
or not giving a damn.
675
00:43:16,858 --> 00:43:18,126
Men too.
676
00:43:19,362 --> 00:43:20,832
Men sitting as well.
677
00:43:22,436 --> 00:43:23,605
Sleeping.
678
00:43:25,576 --> 00:43:28,046
Men in groups, looking...
679
00:43:30,251 --> 00:43:31,286
waiting.
680
00:43:32,189 --> 00:43:33,391
Looking again.
681
00:43:34,560 --> 00:43:38,635
And sometimes I come across
faces that I know,
682
00:43:39,002 --> 00:43:41,339
or moments
that I've experienced.
683
00:43:42,877 --> 00:43:44,446
And sometimes,
684
00:43:44,647 --> 00:43:48,253
I see things that could have
never existed in my world.
685
00:43:50,826 --> 00:43:52,328
In South Africa...
686
00:43:52,863 --> 00:43:55,234
these images
are legally a crime.
687
00:43:57,105 --> 00:43:59,342
Here too, not so long ago.
688
00:44:00,612 --> 00:44:04,085
Yes, I photographed a lot
of mixed couples.
689
00:44:05,221 --> 00:44:08,528
It's not so much
by fascination.
690
00:44:09,396 --> 00:44:13,070
It just releases me
from past pains.
691
00:44:14,072 --> 00:44:16,109
In a country where
everything...
692
00:44:16,811 --> 00:44:19,315
anything, is a crime.
693
00:44:23,992 --> 00:44:25,729
Men who love each other,
694
00:44:26,363 --> 00:44:27,365
who kiss,
695
00:44:28,166 --> 00:44:29,469
who look at each other,
696
00:44:30,572 --> 00:44:32,876
who hold hands
in the middle of the street.
697
00:44:33,879 --> 00:44:35,448
Another crime in my country...
698
00:44:35,582 --> 00:44:39,223
- ♪♪ (music fades) ♪♪
- ...whether white or Black.
699
00:44:40,191 --> 00:44:42,863
Although two Blacks
holding hands
700
00:44:42,997 --> 00:44:44,500
in the streets of Johannesburg
701
00:44:45,034 --> 00:44:46,971
would not attract
much attention.
702
00:44:47,506 --> 00:44:49,943
Black men can hold hands
in public.
703
00:44:50,344 --> 00:44:52,082
It is a sign of deep
friendship.
704
00:44:52,215 --> 00:44:55,956
♪♪ (lively
country music playing) ♪♪
705
00:44:56,089 --> 00:45:00,130
- (grass rustling)
- (Kids chattering)
706
00:45:03,705 --> 00:45:06,176
(cicadas chirping)
707
00:45:09,884 --> 00:45:12,121
(birds chirping)
708
00:45:14,927 --> 00:45:16,497
Narrator:
"It was never going to work,"
709
00:45:16,765 --> 00:45:20,304
said a journalist commenting
on my photos of the South.
710
00:45:21,607 --> 00:45:23,110
What did he expect?
711
00:45:24,313 --> 00:45:27,251
In South Africa,
I photographed my life,
712
00:45:27,920 --> 00:45:29,222
my reality.
713
00:45:30,457 --> 00:45:34,232
Here in the US,
I am the other.
714
00:45:35,234 --> 00:45:38,273
I accepted this mission
with mixed feeling.
715
00:45:39,644 --> 00:45:41,213
A country I did not know.
716
00:45:42,048 --> 00:45:45,522
An assignment
which was a false good idea.
717
00:45:46,958 --> 00:45:48,562
The negro in the country.
718
00:45:49,329 --> 00:45:52,335
"An outsider's point of view,"
it said.
719
00:45:53,539 --> 00:45:56,176
Taking me totally
out of my comfort zone
720
00:45:56,410 --> 00:46:00,184
in a territory
so ironically similar to mine.
721
00:46:00,652 --> 00:46:03,825
Apartheid there, Jim Crow here.
722
00:46:04,860 --> 00:46:06,029
When I think of it,
723
00:46:06,296 --> 00:46:08,367
there is some perversity
in this.
724
00:46:09,269 --> 00:46:12,876
How is this an outsider's
point of view?
725
00:46:14,580 --> 00:46:17,385
I was 27 years old,
for God's sake.
726
00:46:17,520 --> 00:46:18,721
(indistinct TV chatter)
727
00:46:18,855 --> 00:46:20,324
Narrator: What did they expect?
728
00:46:21,627 --> 00:46:23,163
Michelangelo?
729
00:46:26,169 --> 00:46:28,575
I don't know
if this was my fight or not,
730
00:46:28,741 --> 00:46:30,277
as some have argued.
731
00:46:32,448 --> 00:46:36,122
They said I didn't put
my passion into the assignment.
732
00:46:36,256 --> 00:46:38,561
- (Kids chattering)
- Narrator: Possibly.
733
00:46:38,695 --> 00:46:41,166
But again,
what were your expectations
734
00:46:41,299 --> 00:46:44,139
from a young man
who just spent all of his years
735
00:46:44,272 --> 00:46:48,213
in a racist, hazardous,
and mortal country?
736
00:46:48,581 --> 00:46:51,286
And you just thrust him
into the Deep South?
737
00:46:52,155 --> 00:46:53,958
What did you imagine?
738
00:46:55,060 --> 00:46:58,000
In the South,
I was more scared there
739
00:46:58,133 --> 00:47:00,772
than I ever was in
South Africa.
740
00:47:01,574 --> 00:47:05,081
In South Africa,
I was afraid of being arrested.
741
00:47:05,883 --> 00:47:09,056
In the South,
when I was taking pictures,
742
00:47:09,591 --> 00:47:12,896
I was terribly frightened
of being shot.
743
00:47:20,110 --> 00:47:21,981
♪♪ (music concludes) ♪♪
744
00:47:22,114 --> 00:47:24,385
Narrator: I was just ten months
in New York.
745
00:47:24,953 --> 00:47:26,322
I imprudently
746
00:47:26,524 --> 00:47:28,561
told a New York Times
journalist that...
747
00:47:29,228 --> 00:47:31,032
"White people
in the United States
748
00:47:31,166 --> 00:47:33,337
are very much like whites
in South Africa
749
00:47:33,505 --> 00:47:35,776
in their attitudes
towards Black people."
750
00:47:36,778 --> 00:47:39,583
He printed it verbatim
in his newspaper...
751
00:47:40,217 --> 00:47:42,221
while observing
that I was just given
752
00:47:42,354 --> 00:47:45,595
a 6,000-dollar grant
from the Ford Foundation.
753
00:47:46,564 --> 00:47:47,599
I added...
754
00:47:48,066 --> 00:47:50,572
"I was so very much surprised
to find
755
00:47:50,706 --> 00:47:53,076
bitter white racism
in America,"
756
00:47:54,012 --> 00:47:55,548
which he printed too.
757
00:47:57,218 --> 00:47:59,222
♪♪ ("God Bless America"
by Ondara playing) ♪♪
758
00:47:59,355 --> 00:48:01,561
♪♪ In fifty years ♪♪
759
00:48:01,694 --> 00:48:03,130
(traffic whizzing by)
760
00:48:03,264 --> 00:48:07,539
♪♪ When I'm frail
Barely on my feet ♪♪
761
00:48:08,842 --> 00:48:12,047
♪♪ Will you be kind, oh, dear ♪♪
762
00:48:14,486 --> 00:48:18,059
♪♪ Like you promised
At the embassy? ♪♪
763
00:48:23,505 --> 00:48:26,510
♪♪ Oh, God bless America ♪♪
764
00:48:29,116 --> 00:48:32,021
♪♪ The heartache of mine ♪♪
765
00:48:34,961 --> 00:48:38,233
♪♪ Oh, God bless America ♪♪
766
00:48:40,606 --> 00:48:43,511
♪♪ The heartache of mine ♪♪
767
00:48:44,780 --> 00:48:47,017
Narrator: This country
that I've traveled across
768
00:48:47,151 --> 00:48:48,721
in such a short time,
769
00:48:49,188 --> 00:48:51,393
maybe it's not what I thought
I would see.
770
00:48:52,461 --> 00:48:54,600
♪♪ It won't matter
Who your god is ♪♪
771
00:48:54,733 --> 00:48:57,506
Narrator: Perhaps,
it showed me very little.
772
00:48:58,140 --> 00:48:59,643
♪♪ Or the tone of your skin ♪♪
773
00:48:59,776 --> 00:49:02,650
Narrator: Perhaps,
its essence and deepest soul
774
00:49:02,783 --> 00:49:04,352
escaped me completely.
775
00:49:04,485 --> 00:49:06,356
♪♪ Or who you choose
To share your love with ♪♪
776
00:49:06,490 --> 00:49:08,226
Narrator: I saw men in Memphis,
777
00:49:08,360 --> 00:49:09,864
- protesting with dignity...
- (Protesters clamoring)
778
00:49:09,997 --> 00:49:12,301
...for the rights
that I too had been denied.
779
00:49:12,435 --> 00:49:15,208
♪♪ Oh, God bless America ♪♪
780
00:49:15,341 --> 00:49:17,077
(indistinct chatter over radio)
781
00:49:17,211 --> 00:49:19,081
Narrator: I crossed paths
with leaders
782
00:49:19,215 --> 00:49:21,286
that I had never
heard of before.
783
00:49:24,426 --> 00:49:27,833
♪♪ Oh, God bless America ♪♪
784
00:49:27,967 --> 00:49:29,637
(indistinct chatter)
785
00:49:29,770 --> 00:49:32,776
Narrator: Stokely Carmichael,
who in the end,
786
00:49:32,909 --> 00:49:35,414
after a decisive
political career,
787
00:49:35,715 --> 00:49:37,819
will be ejected
from this country
788
00:49:38,053 --> 00:49:41,727
to start a new life in Africa,
on my continent.
789
00:49:42,863 --> 00:49:45,936
Crossed visions,
opposite destinies.
790
00:49:46,069 --> 00:49:47,973
♪♪ (music concludes) ♪♪
791
00:49:48,106 --> 00:49:51,680
In '68,
I went and met him in New York.
792
00:49:51,814 --> 00:49:54,519
I was doing some work there,
photography.
793
00:49:55,054 --> 00:49:56,189
And...
794
00:49:56,757 --> 00:49:59,429
- I was... somehow felt...
- Interviewer: Mm-hmm.
795
00:49:59,563 --> 00:50:01,332
...began to be very worried
about him
796
00:50:01,466 --> 00:50:03,638
because he seemed
very depressed and...
797
00:50:04,206 --> 00:50:06,443
and isolated.
798
00:50:07,813 --> 00:50:11,386
Narrator: I saw Jürgen again.
I was not well.
799
00:50:11,520 --> 00:50:13,190
♪♪ (pensive jazz music playing) ♪♪
800
00:50:13,323 --> 00:50:17,699
Narrator: He probably thought
I was depressed, isolated.
801
00:50:18,968 --> 00:50:20,370
Maybe I was.
802
00:50:21,908 --> 00:50:23,811
He wanted us to bond again.
803
00:50:25,114 --> 00:50:27,719
I was not so inclined.
804
00:50:30,257 --> 00:50:31,694
But I went along.
805
00:50:32,394 --> 00:50:34,633
Jürgen had always been
good to me.
806
00:50:37,840 --> 00:50:40,444
- We entered the restaurant.
- (cutlery clinking)
807
00:50:40,578 --> 00:50:42,616
- (indistinct chatter)
- Narrator: All eyes were on me.
808
00:50:42,749 --> 00:50:46,624
Not on us. On me.
The Black lad.
809
00:50:48,761 --> 00:50:51,499
Measuring, dissecting,
810
00:50:52,603 --> 00:50:54,740
from bottom to top and back,
811
00:50:55,608 --> 00:50:59,448
incredulous to my presence,
my identity,
812
00:51:00,284 --> 00:51:01,486
my demeanor.
813
00:51:02,890 --> 00:51:03,891
In a flash,
814
00:51:04,225 --> 00:51:06,129
I was back in South Africa,
815
00:51:06,597 --> 00:51:09,169
- back to the dirty looks...
- (whistle blowing)
816
00:51:09,537 --> 00:51:12,074
...to the piercing brutality
of staring...
817
00:51:12,743 --> 00:51:15,615
the tranquil violence
of privilege.
818
00:51:16,416 --> 00:51:19,690
I was not in South Africa,
but in New York.
819
00:51:20,659 --> 00:51:23,598
- The year is 1968.
- (police siren blaring)
820
00:51:23,731 --> 00:51:25,167
Narrator:
I was in the free world,
821
00:51:25,300 --> 00:51:27,739
but the world is still
not free.
822
00:51:28,073 --> 00:51:31,312
- ♪♪ (dramatic music playing) ♪♪
- (Officers clamoring)
823
00:51:42,803 --> 00:51:44,539
(indistinct chatter)
824
00:51:48,380 --> 00:51:52,555
(crowd clamoring)
825
00:51:56,931 --> 00:52:00,605
- (crowd clamoring)
- (Officers shouting)
826
00:52:00,738 --> 00:52:03,176
(siren wailing)
827
00:52:06,416 --> 00:52:09,556
(supporters chanting
in Czech)
828
00:52:15,267 --> 00:52:18,140
Narrator: My book
is banned in South Africa.
829
00:52:18,808 --> 00:52:22,381
I'm not surprised,
but it still hurts.
830
00:52:23,216 --> 00:52:26,222
No one at home will see
my work.
831
00:52:26,890 --> 00:52:28,595
♪♪ (music fades) ♪♪
832
00:52:29,028 --> 00:52:30,565
Narrator: I am homesick,
833
00:52:31,232 --> 00:52:32,836
and I can't return.
834
00:52:34,338 --> 00:52:39,248
♪♪ (gloomy jazz music playing) ♪♪
835
00:52:45,995 --> 00:52:49,101
Narrator: Some of my fellow
white American photographers
836
00:52:49,235 --> 00:52:53,844
claimed that my work
in America was lacking edge.
837
00:52:55,582 --> 00:52:58,186
What is the object
of their comparison?
838
00:52:59,389 --> 00:53:02,595
What do they know
about my reality,
839
00:53:03,263 --> 00:53:04,633
my urgency?
840
00:53:05,300 --> 00:53:10,878
The price you pay for exile
is supposedly living safer.
841
00:53:13,050 --> 00:53:16,824
I can only photograph
my own experiences.
842
00:53:17,391 --> 00:53:20,899
South Africa is my frame
of reference.
843
00:53:21,534 --> 00:53:23,470
My frame of life.
844
00:53:26,711 --> 00:53:29,348
What are you
actually blaming me for?
845
00:53:31,086 --> 00:53:35,227
That I turned my camera on you
and saw nothing?
846
00:53:35,562 --> 00:53:38,601
♪♪ (tense music playing) ♪♪
847
00:53:38,735 --> 00:53:40,572
Narrator:
I have an explorer's gaze.
848
00:53:40,705 --> 00:53:43,010
- Explorer in a distant land.
- (indistinct chatter)
849
00:53:43,143 --> 00:53:44,445
(water rippling)
850
00:53:44,579 --> 00:53:46,316
Narrator:
A land I vaguely dreamt of.
851
00:53:46,951 --> 00:53:49,455
A land that promised
milk and honey...
852
00:53:49,590 --> 00:53:51,393
- (fountain sputtering)
- ...in multiple forms.
853
00:53:51,527 --> 00:53:54,032
(Kids laughing, chattering)
854
00:53:54,432 --> 00:53:56,236
Narrator: There are these photos
855
00:53:56,402 --> 00:53:58,240
where we do not know
where we are.
856
00:53:58,373 --> 00:53:59,844
♪♪ (music fades) ♪♪
857
00:53:59,977 --> 00:54:02,850
Narrator: It could be
Johannesburg, Soweto,
858
00:54:03,317 --> 00:54:05,120
or the suburbs of Pretoria.
859
00:54:06,022 --> 00:54:08,160
- These same faces...
- ♪♪ (drum beating) ♪♪
860
00:54:08,293 --> 00:54:09,863
...this familiarity,
861
00:54:10,464 --> 00:54:15,040
the same gleam in the eyes
challenging the photographer.
862
00:54:16,911 --> 00:54:18,046
Here...
863
00:54:19,081 --> 00:54:20,184
there,
864
00:54:20,719 --> 00:54:23,724
I am trying to capture
moments of reality,
865
00:54:24,024 --> 00:54:27,064
finding the fractures,
the essence,
866
00:54:27,533 --> 00:54:29,402
the nature of human lives.
867
00:54:29,536 --> 00:54:33,309
♪♪ (upbeat jazz music playing) ♪♪
868
00:54:34,078 --> 00:54:36,416
(Kids laughing, screaming)
869
00:54:36,583 --> 00:54:38,353
(Kids chattering)
870
00:55:15,361 --> 00:55:20,571
Narrator: These are not answers.
They are questions.
871
00:55:21,540 --> 00:55:23,744
An America that was sold to me.
872
00:55:25,214 --> 00:55:27,986
I don't judge, I observe.
873
00:55:28,721 --> 00:55:33,429
Sometimes amazed,
other times appalled.
874
00:55:42,916 --> 00:55:45,955
♪♪ (mellow jazz music playing) ♪♪
875
00:55:46,088 --> 00:55:48,561
Narrator: I applied
for a new passport.
876
00:55:49,663 --> 00:55:51,065
One to go home.
877
00:55:53,403 --> 00:55:55,073
The weight of isolation.
878
00:55:56,209 --> 00:55:57,913
(cart wheels rattling)
879
00:55:58,046 --> 00:56:01,252
Narrator:
No family, no real friends.
880
00:56:01,953 --> 00:56:04,626
No support structure
you can trust.
881
00:56:06,263 --> 00:56:08,299
Friends coming and going.
882
00:56:08,534 --> 00:56:12,642
Each one more or less
as disheveled as you are.
883
00:56:13,578 --> 00:56:15,514
No remedy to despair.
884
00:56:16,517 --> 00:56:19,088
Literally eating you away.
885
00:56:23,597 --> 00:56:25,768
Leslie: He used
to make reverse calls,
886
00:56:26,035 --> 00:56:28,708
and most of the time,
he wanted to speak to me
887
00:56:29,041 --> 00:56:34,987
because he wanted me to come
and visit him in New York.
888
00:56:35,187 --> 00:56:39,596
But unfortunately,
I couldn't do that
889
00:56:39,730 --> 00:56:43,570
because my mother
was not happy about that.
890
00:56:43,971 --> 00:56:47,579
She said that I'm not going
to come back
891
00:56:47,713 --> 00:56:48,981
like my uncle.
892
00:56:49,115 --> 00:56:53,423
♪♪ (exciting jazz music
playing) ♪♪
893
00:57:39,849 --> 00:57:41,152
♪♪ (music fades) ♪♪
894
00:57:41,285 --> 00:57:43,724
Leslie: He decided
to go to Sweden,
895
00:57:44,325 --> 00:57:49,970
I believe, around 1968.
896
00:57:50,404 --> 00:57:52,609
He thought maybe
if he goes to Sweden,
897
00:57:52,742 --> 00:57:56,751
he might find a different place
to America.
898
00:57:57,151 --> 00:57:59,623
But unfortunately,
there were very few
899
00:57:59,756 --> 00:58:01,326
Black people in Sweden.
900
00:58:01,459 --> 00:58:02,796
He was not even allowed
901
00:58:02,963 --> 00:58:07,305
into some of the public spaces,
like restaurants,
902
00:58:07,539 --> 00:58:08,841
because he was Black.
903
00:58:08,974 --> 00:58:13,182
♪♪ (pensive jazz music playing) ♪♪
904
00:58:25,274 --> 00:58:26,944
Narrator:
Looking for new places,
905
00:58:27,311 --> 00:58:29,849
I was able to secure
short-term visas
906
00:58:29,983 --> 00:58:33,289
to England, Denmark,
and Sweden.
907
00:58:34,526 --> 00:58:37,230
That's how I found Ingrid
on the way.
908
00:58:38,835 --> 00:58:42,207
Ingrid Wigh,
and her sister, Catarina
909
00:58:46,917 --> 00:58:48,821
I lived some time with them.
910
00:58:50,424 --> 00:58:53,230
Locked in that flat
outside Stockholm,
911
00:58:53,865 --> 00:58:56,135
we didn't know
what to do with ourselves.
912
00:59:02,415 --> 00:59:05,120
Today, Ingrid is 85 years old.
913
00:59:05,420 --> 00:59:09,729
She does not remember much
of these endless afternoons.
914
00:59:11,600 --> 00:59:14,906
"My memory fails me," she says.
915
00:59:30,671 --> 00:59:33,310
Leslie: Fortunate for him,
he met Rune Hassner
916
00:59:33,443 --> 00:59:37,886
and they became good friends,
and he introduced him
917
00:59:38,020 --> 00:59:41,493
to Tiofoto agency,
and then he became
918
00:59:41,627 --> 00:59:44,733
a member there,
and they decided to help him
919
00:59:44,866 --> 00:59:46,770
with his body of work.
920
00:59:52,816 --> 00:59:54,820
He has actually spent
in a year,
921
00:59:54,953 --> 00:59:58,426
I would say,
three months in Sweden
922
00:59:58,561 --> 01:00:02,736
from 1968 until 1972.
923
01:00:03,069 --> 01:00:07,244
And thereafter,
he stopped traveling to Sweden
924
01:00:07,377 --> 01:00:09,950
until 1979,
925
01:00:10,317 --> 01:00:12,722
and he went there
for about a week.
926
01:00:12,956 --> 01:00:15,928
And that was the last time
he visited Sweden.
927
01:00:18,099 --> 01:00:20,538
What is happening
outside South Africa
928
01:00:21,171 --> 01:00:23,678
is as important
as what might be happening
929
01:00:23,811 --> 01:00:25,881
within South Africa itself.
930
01:00:26,816 --> 01:00:28,119
And therefore,
what we are asking
931
01:00:28,252 --> 01:00:29,188
the world to do
932
01:00:29,321 --> 01:00:30,758
is not to solve
our problems for us,
933
01:00:30,891 --> 01:00:32,629
but to assist us
solve those problems.
934
01:00:32,896 --> 01:00:36,402
Because the worst
of all horrors in the world
935
01:00:37,037 --> 01:00:39,108
is to live forever
936
01:00:39,943 --> 01:00:46,422
as a slave, as a hated,
despised subhuman.
937
01:00:48,594 --> 01:00:54,773
Narrator: "22nd November, 1971.
To Miss Dolly A. McPherson
938
01:00:55,073 --> 01:00:57,778
at the Institute
of International Education."
939
01:00:59,315 --> 01:01:01,920
"This is to inform you
that the first half
940
01:01:02,053 --> 01:01:04,860
of my travel and study award
is now finished."
941
01:01:04,993 --> 01:01:06,396
(traffic rumbling)
942
01:01:06,530 --> 01:01:08,099
Narrator: "I would therefore
like to request
943
01:01:08,232 --> 01:01:10,470
from the Ford Foundation
and extension,
944
01:01:10,638 --> 01:01:12,475
so that I can complete
the second half
945
01:01:12,609 --> 01:01:13,744
of my project."
946
01:01:14,211 --> 01:01:17,450
- (rain pattering)
- ♪♪ (somber music playing) ♪♪
947
01:01:26,035 --> 01:01:29,542
Narrator:
"On 14th November, 1972,
948
01:01:30,711 --> 01:01:33,316
as you may recall,
when the last grant
949
01:01:33,449 --> 01:01:36,857
was made to Mr. Cole,
it was anticipated
950
01:01:36,990 --> 01:01:39,763
that a subsequent award
would be authorized
951
01:01:39,896 --> 01:01:41,900
for a 12-month period."
952
01:01:42,702 --> 01:01:44,172
"But Miss McPherson,
953
01:01:44,305 --> 01:01:46,877
who administered
the earlier awards to Mr. Cole,
954
01:01:47,010 --> 01:01:49,448
has recently left
the Institute.
955
01:01:50,283 --> 01:01:53,122
Furthermore, there is no
evidence in the file
956
01:01:53,255 --> 01:01:56,128
that the recipient
ever submitted a single picture
957
01:01:56,262 --> 01:01:58,534
in exchange
for the allocated money."
958
01:01:58,767 --> 01:02:02,407
♪♪ (pensive jazz music playing) ♪♪
959
01:02:22,515 --> 01:02:24,986
Narrator:
Harlem requires patience.
960
01:02:25,988 --> 01:02:27,759
Everybody's putting on a front.
961
01:02:28,493 --> 01:02:31,332
Acting important and
suspicious.
962
01:02:32,735 --> 01:02:34,204
And I don't blame them.
963
01:02:55,247 --> 01:03:00,791
My soul is of two minds,
torn and battered.
964
01:03:04,131 --> 01:03:06,737
This city is hard
to keep up with.
965
01:03:07,371 --> 01:03:10,243
It hustles
for your total attention,
966
01:03:11,412 --> 01:03:13,550
and it's driving me crazy.
967
01:03:25,708 --> 01:03:28,345
Yes, a lot of people thought
968
01:03:28,479 --> 01:03:31,385
I'd stop photographing
in all those years,
969
01:03:33,156 --> 01:03:35,226
that fame had crushed me,
970
01:03:36,663 --> 01:03:38,133
that I'd lost my way
971
01:03:38,266 --> 01:03:40,337
in this new jungle
that was the modern West.
972
01:03:40,470 --> 01:03:44,244
- (indistinct chatter)
- (cutlery clinking)
973
01:03:46,416 --> 01:03:50,423
Narrator: Yet,
I never stopped photographing
974
01:03:51,258 --> 01:03:52,962
for a single moment.
975
01:04:13,103 --> 01:04:14,371
(bell dinging)
976
01:04:14,639 --> 01:04:17,110
Narrator: I photographed
light American stuff
977
01:04:18,013 --> 01:04:19,949
and heavy American stuff.
978
01:04:29,569 --> 01:04:32,842
I don't show new material
for the sake of showing it.
979
01:04:33,710 --> 01:04:36,884
I want the viewer to walk away
with a message...
980
01:04:37,017 --> 01:04:38,319
(crowd cheering, applauding)
981
01:04:38,452 --> 01:04:40,925
...not just a head
full of images.
982
01:04:41,125 --> 01:04:45,133
♪♪ (mellow jazz music playing) ♪♪
983
01:05:26,817 --> 01:05:29,387
- ♪♪ (music concludes) ♪♪
- (traffic whizzing by)
984
01:05:31,125 --> 01:05:32,528
Narrator: I called Mother today.
985
01:05:32,662 --> 01:05:34,131
(indistinct chatter)
986
01:05:34,265 --> 01:05:35,734
Narrator: Not much to say.
987
01:05:37,370 --> 01:05:39,976
We are living
in two different worlds.
988
01:05:41,412 --> 01:05:43,249
I will send some money soon.
989
01:05:46,723 --> 01:05:48,159
I'm homesick...
990
01:05:49,160 --> 01:05:50,631
and I can't return.
991
01:05:51,866 --> 01:05:54,505
♪♪ (pensive jazz music playing) ♪♪
992
01:05:54,639 --> 01:05:59,047
- (traffic rumbling)
- (police siren wailing)
993
01:06:18,888 --> 01:06:22,595
(indistinct chatter)
994
01:06:30,878 --> 01:06:33,216
Narrator: "January 1973."
995
01:06:33,349 --> 01:06:35,086
♪♪ (music concludes) ♪♪
996
01:06:35,220 --> 01:06:36,657
Narrator:
"A preliminary approval
997
01:06:36,790 --> 01:06:39,461
for a 6,000-dollar grant
to Ernest Cole
998
01:06:39,629 --> 01:06:42,100
to start the second half
of his project,
999
01:06:42,434 --> 01:06:45,675
and a waiving of the overspend
have been allocated."
1000
01:06:46,910 --> 01:06:50,216
"The only minor difficulty
is that this new payment
1001
01:06:50,350 --> 01:06:52,621
would have to wait
for the new tax year."
1002
01:06:59,167 --> 01:07:00,838
I must leave this room.
1003
01:07:01,907 --> 01:07:04,712
And find another
good Samaritan.
1004
01:07:05,648 --> 01:07:08,052
I need shelter for a few days.
1005
01:07:09,088 --> 01:07:10,691
More would be preferable.
1006
01:07:11,726 --> 01:07:15,132
Announcer: (over PA)
This is the 2nd Avenue bound E.
1007
01:07:15,935 --> 01:07:18,439
(subway tracks rattling)
1008
01:07:31,834 --> 01:07:36,008
Narrator: I found some respite
at Riverside Church Dormitory.
1009
01:07:36,810 --> 01:07:41,118
That's where I eat, sleep,
rest.
1010
01:07:42,522 --> 01:07:44,491
Taking it a day at a time.
1011
01:07:46,563 --> 01:07:48,433
A home far away from home,
1012
01:07:48,634 --> 01:07:51,807
where school children
are killed by the police.
1013
01:07:52,542 --> 01:07:56,448
- (gunshots firing)
- (crowd clamoring)
1014
01:07:57,184 --> 01:07:59,154
(Officers shouting)
1015
01:07:59,287 --> 01:08:02,427
(Protesters clamoring)
1016
01:08:03,296 --> 01:08:05,768
Narrator:
I saw a psychiatrist today
1017
01:08:06,068 --> 01:08:07,403
at the Harlem Hospital.
1018
01:08:08,974 --> 01:08:10,911
Well, was kind of forced to,
1019
01:08:11,445 --> 01:08:14,150
in order to keep
my Social Security checks.
1020
01:08:15,821 --> 01:08:17,390
So many questions.
1021
01:08:18,259 --> 01:08:20,798
So many cadavers.
1022
01:08:21,733 --> 01:08:25,172
The doctor thinks
I might be paranoid. (scoffs)
1023
01:08:25,641 --> 01:08:27,778
I certainly have
good reasons to be.
1024
01:08:28,112 --> 01:08:31,218
Reporter: (in French)
1025
01:08:49,789 --> 01:08:52,928
(traffic rumbling)
1026
01:09:00,076 --> 01:09:03,617
Narrator: (in English)
New York, summer of 1977.
1027
01:09:04,518 --> 01:09:07,992
Standing at the window,
I can barely see the sky.
1028
01:09:08,794 --> 01:09:12,200
Neither sunset, nor sunrise.
1029
01:09:13,970 --> 01:09:16,809
It is a lie
to put things in the frame.
1030
01:09:18,781 --> 01:09:21,285
All photographs are lies.
1031
01:09:21,586 --> 01:09:25,259
- (indistinct chatter)
- (police siren wailing)
1032
01:09:25,493 --> 01:09:27,263
Narrator: Blackout in the city.
1033
01:09:28,199 --> 01:09:31,304
There is this YMCA on 34th.
1034
01:09:32,775 --> 01:09:36,683
I used to pass by it
so many times, years ago.
1035
01:09:36,816 --> 01:09:38,086
(traffic honking)
1036
01:09:38,386 --> 01:09:40,991
- Narrator: Now, I live there.
- (firetruck siren wailing)
1037
01:09:41,125 --> 01:09:44,799
Narrator: Scary to be
in a YMCA room these days.
1038
01:09:46,603 --> 01:09:49,809
- Today's meal, Indian lentils.
- (lively chatter)
1039
01:09:50,243 --> 01:09:52,147
Narrator: A tin of tomato soup.
1040
01:09:52,815 --> 01:09:57,490
A boiled frankfurter,
late at night, if I'm lucky.
1041
01:09:59,762 --> 01:10:01,933
Am I a traitor to my country?
1042
01:10:02,768 --> 01:10:05,473
That's what the state radio
says in South Africa.
1043
01:10:05,607 --> 01:10:09,481
♪♪ (gloomy jazz music playing) ♪♪
1044
01:10:09,615 --> 01:10:12,921
Narrator: Today,
I am not in the mood to talk.
1045
01:10:27,752 --> 01:10:29,555
A Soviet surveillance satellite
1046
01:10:30,022 --> 01:10:32,493
detects South Africa's
nuclear test
1047
01:10:32,728 --> 01:10:34,832
and alerts the United States.
1048
01:10:37,505 --> 01:10:38,807
President Carter
1049
01:10:38,940 --> 01:10:40,977
asks for less consumption
of oil.
1050
01:10:44,017 --> 01:10:47,724
Steve Biko is arrested
for breaking a ban order.
1051
01:10:50,163 --> 01:10:51,833
He died under torture.
1052
01:10:55,541 --> 01:10:57,376
What is political?
1053
01:10:58,479 --> 01:11:00,049
What do they want from me?
1054
01:11:00,216 --> 01:11:02,888
(crowd chanting indistinctly)
1055
01:11:24,031 --> 01:11:26,501
We should not mourn
the death of Steve Biko
1056
01:11:26,769 --> 01:11:30,911
We must plan
to act to punish the culprits,
1057
01:11:31,512 --> 01:11:33,015
to destroy the Apartheid regime
1058
01:11:33,149 --> 01:11:36,055
and liberate the patriots
from its clutches.
1059
01:11:36,188 --> 01:11:39,227
(Kids laughing, chattering)
1060
01:11:40,229 --> 01:11:42,834
Narrator: It's been a while
since I took any picture.
1061
01:11:44,370 --> 01:11:45,975
My cameras are lost,
1062
01:11:46,610 --> 01:11:49,515
sold, forgotten somewhere.
1063
01:11:50,617 --> 01:11:53,122
I miss the warmth of a love.
1064
01:11:53,256 --> 01:11:56,596
♪♪ (uplifting music playing) ♪♪
1065
01:11:59,569 --> 01:12:02,641
(indistinct chatter)
1066
01:12:40,082 --> 01:12:43,556
- ♪♪ (music concludes) ♪♪
- (subway tracks rattling)
1067
01:12:55,112 --> 01:12:58,119
Leslie: I believe
Ernest started losing ground
1068
01:12:58,554 --> 01:13:02,628
with his work during the '80s.
1069
01:13:05,266 --> 01:13:08,405
He stopped photographing.
1070
01:13:09,308 --> 01:13:12,313
He became homeless.
1071
01:13:12,614 --> 01:13:16,889
His career fizzled out,
and his photograph...
1072
01:13:17,023 --> 01:13:21,966
his pictures rather,
were completely forgotten.
1073
01:13:25,974 --> 01:13:28,011
Narrator: Received a letter
from my mother.
1074
01:13:29,549 --> 01:13:31,619
Left it unopened
in my pocket...
1075
01:13:31,753 --> 01:13:33,957
- (bicycle bell ringing)
- ...for months.
1076
01:13:35,994 --> 01:13:39,668
♪♪ (somber jazz music playing) ♪♪
1077
01:13:42,874 --> 01:13:44,477
Narrator: I'm homesick.
1078
01:13:45,279 --> 01:13:46,749
And I can't return.
1079
01:13:48,485 --> 01:13:50,222
My passport is denied.
1080
01:13:50,991 --> 01:13:52,995
I can never go home again.
1081
01:13:54,565 --> 01:13:55,834
But I remember,
1082
01:13:56,335 --> 01:13:59,440
so vividly,
the market on Wanderer Street.
1083
01:13:59,575 --> 01:14:02,213
(indistinct chatter)
1084
01:14:10,463 --> 01:14:13,970
Narrator: (inhales)
I remember two young girls
1085
01:14:14,806 --> 01:14:16,809
walking home to Soweto...
1086
01:14:17,945 --> 01:14:20,884
as if the world
was still in order.
1087
01:14:22,722 --> 01:14:24,324
I stopped to talk to them.
1088
01:14:25,226 --> 01:14:29,100
One in particular,
a smile to die for.
1089
01:14:30,671 --> 01:14:33,309
Everything could be so simple.
1090
01:14:33,442 --> 01:14:35,914
(traffic whizzing by)
1091
01:14:39,320 --> 01:14:42,093
- ♪♪ (music concludes) ♪♪
- (subway tracks rattling)
1092
01:15:00,229 --> 01:15:04,037
Narrator: Yes,
there were these rumors
1093
01:15:04,705 --> 01:15:06,174
that I was on drugs.
1094
01:15:07,678 --> 01:15:10,984
I never drank, never smoked,
1095
01:15:11,786 --> 01:15:13,656
never indulged in drugs,
1096
01:15:14,725 --> 01:15:17,097
even though I had enough
reasons
1097
01:15:17,230 --> 01:15:21,237
- to do any or all of it.
- (match flicking, sizzling)
1098
01:15:23,710 --> 01:15:25,245
(syringe clattering)
1099
01:15:28,118 --> 01:15:30,791
Narrator: "May 15th, 1991."
1100
01:15:31,726 --> 01:15:35,834
"Mr. John Hillelson,
The John Hillelson Agency."
1101
01:15:37,036 --> 01:15:38,607
"Dear Mr. Hillelson,
1102
01:15:39,575 --> 01:15:43,315
Ernest always led me to believe
he had negatives in Sweden."
1103
01:15:44,117 --> 01:15:45,821
"What he had
in the United States,
1104
01:15:45,954 --> 01:15:47,490
as far as I know,
1105
01:15:47,658 --> 01:15:50,897
he lost irretrievably
when he left his belongings
1106
01:15:51,031 --> 01:15:53,837
in a storeroom
in a Manhattan rooming house
1107
01:15:53,971 --> 01:15:56,709
without claiming them
for more than a year."
1108
01:15:58,178 --> 01:16:01,184
"They were then discarded
by the rooming house
1109
01:16:01,318 --> 01:16:02,821
in 1977."
1110
01:16:03,222 --> 01:16:07,463
"I know because I went there
with Ernest in the vain effort
1111
01:16:07,831 --> 01:16:09,267
to reclaim the stuff."
1112
01:16:10,904 --> 01:16:13,075
"I'm sorry
I can't be more helpful."
1113
01:16:13,375 --> 01:16:17,752
"Sincerely, Joseph Lelyveld,
managing editor,
1114
01:16:17,952 --> 01:16:19,020
The New York Times."
1115
01:16:19,154 --> 01:16:22,561
♪♪ (intriguing music playing) ♪♪
1116
01:16:23,462 --> 01:16:28,706
Leslie: I received an email
dated the fifth of July, 2016.
1117
01:16:28,973 --> 01:16:31,746
Subject, "Urgent, can we meet?"
1118
01:16:32,514 --> 01:16:35,485
The email further said
that before the meeting
1119
01:16:35,820 --> 01:16:39,327
they would like to have
the following information.
1120
01:16:39,862 --> 01:16:43,770
Names of family members
that were alive
1121
01:16:43,970 --> 01:16:45,841
when Ernest Cole died,
1122
01:16:46,075 --> 01:16:49,615
including
their identification numbers,
1123
01:16:49,749 --> 01:16:52,621
as well as their
home addresses.
1124
01:16:53,455 --> 01:16:56,061
I was a bit suspicious
as to why, you know.
1125
01:16:56,261 --> 01:16:58,567
- as to why, you know.
- ♪♪ (music concludes) ♪♪
1126
01:16:58,833 --> 01:17:04,010
What I did was I,
you know, at first,
1127
01:17:05,412 --> 01:17:09,087
you know, decided
that I'm not going to respond.
1128
01:17:09,889 --> 01:17:13,963
But after processing the content
of the email...
1129
01:17:16,134 --> 01:17:20,009
took me about two or three days,
and then I decided,
1130
01:17:20,342 --> 01:17:21,645
"Let me respond."
1131
01:17:21,912 --> 01:17:25,887
At that stage, the advocate,
1132
01:17:26,354 --> 01:17:30,429
Ulf Bergquist,
responded to my email.
1133
01:17:31,532 --> 01:17:33,168
by saying that...
1134
01:17:34,939 --> 01:17:36,709
he has been appointed
1135
01:17:36,876 --> 01:17:39,381
by the district court
of Stockholm
1136
01:17:39,749 --> 01:17:41,986
to act as an administrator
1137
01:17:42,120 --> 01:17:46,027
because they have found...
1138
01:17:47,964 --> 01:17:51,437
material belonging
to Ernest Cole
1139
01:17:51,572 --> 01:17:54,043
in a bank safe in Sweden.
1140
01:17:54,979 --> 01:17:57,884
♪♪ (intriguing music playing) ♪♪
1141
01:18:04,130 --> 01:18:05,734
Leslie:
I received a call from Sweden
1142
01:18:05,867 --> 01:18:09,508
suggesting that we should come
and collect the material
1143
01:18:09,641 --> 01:18:11,545
- in Sweden.
- ♪♪ (music concludes) ♪♪
1144
01:18:11,779 --> 01:18:15,787
Leslie: Then I accepted
the invitation from
the advocate
1145
01:18:16,488 --> 01:18:21,866
and he arranged tickets for us,
myself and my son, Gontse.
1146
01:18:22,801 --> 01:18:27,076
I was not happy when I saw
his initial itinerary.
1147
01:18:27,210 --> 01:18:29,882
I said, "No, perhaps,
maybe we should extend
1148
01:18:30,015 --> 01:18:31,485
the number of days
1149
01:18:31,619 --> 01:18:33,823
that, you know, we should spend
in Sweden."
1150
01:18:34,291 --> 01:18:36,427
So that I could have
the opportunity
1151
01:18:36,595 --> 01:18:38,031
to ask questions.
1152
01:18:39,702 --> 01:18:43,610
"What really happened
to Ernest Cole's material?"
1153
01:18:43,743 --> 01:18:45,446
"Why is it in the bank?"
1154
01:18:45,947 --> 01:18:47,250
"Who was paying?"
1155
01:18:47,651 --> 01:18:49,988
"And then for how many years
was the material
1156
01:18:50,122 --> 01:18:52,895
in the bank," you know,
so that, you know,
1157
01:18:53,028 --> 01:18:58,906
this could... should not be
part of dustbin of history.
1158
01:19:00,844 --> 01:19:05,152
He addressed me like a
schoolboy and then
he then said,
1159
01:19:05,286 --> 01:19:07,757
"You will arrive in the morning
1160
01:19:07,891 --> 01:19:12,333
and then I will ensure
that you receive the material
1161
01:19:12,601 --> 01:19:15,841
from my office,
and then you will travel back
1162
01:19:15,974 --> 01:19:18,412
to South Africa
the same evening."
1163
01:19:19,080 --> 01:19:22,219
I became more
and more suspicious.
1164
01:19:24,423 --> 01:19:26,929
They took us
to a meeting office...
1165
01:19:27,062 --> 01:19:28,298
(elevator dinging)
1166
01:19:28,566 --> 01:19:30,469
...and we sat there
in the meeting office,
1167
01:19:30,604 --> 01:19:34,778
and one of the ladies
went out and brought back
1168
01:19:35,179 --> 01:19:39,688
the first safety deposit box,
put it on the table.
1169
01:19:40,422 --> 01:19:42,293
Man: We're going
to let you guys open them.
1170
01:19:42,427 --> 01:19:45,934
- ♪♪ (intriguing music playing) ♪♪
- (indistinct chatter)
1171
01:19:46,067 --> 01:19:48,071
Is there a way to open this?
1172
01:19:48,205 --> 01:19:49,608
- Woman: Yeah.
- Ulf Bergquist: No.
1173
01:19:49,741 --> 01:19:53,816
(group laughing)
1174
01:19:54,016 --> 01:19:57,691
- Yes, we have scissors.
- Oh, okay.
1175
01:19:57,824 --> 01:20:01,497
- (speaks indistinctly)
- So it's there. Thank you.
1176
01:20:01,632 --> 01:20:03,135
(chuckles)
1177
01:20:03,268 --> 01:20:07,143
So, it's the normal way
of opening.
1178
01:20:07,410 --> 01:20:08,913
- There we are, huh?
- Woman: Okay.
1179
01:20:09,047 --> 01:20:10,416
- Man: Perfect.
- Voilà!
1180
01:20:10,550 --> 01:20:12,987
(group chuckling)
1181
01:20:14,089 --> 01:20:17,362
(exclaims) I have to be
very careful, huh?
1182
01:20:17,496 --> 01:20:18,465
Ulf: Yeah.
1183
01:20:18,600 --> 01:20:20,235
Woman: Should I open
the second one
1184
01:20:20,368 --> 01:20:22,172
- or you want to?
- Man: Yes, please.
1185
01:20:22,306 --> 01:20:24,009
- Man: Huh?
- Leslie: Yeah.
1186
01:20:31,224 --> 01:20:35,065
- Leslie: Wow!
- (indistinct chatter)
1187
01:20:39,273 --> 01:20:41,378
Leslie: The files of...
1188
01:20:42,346 --> 01:20:46,321
my uncle's
South African negatives.
1189
01:20:46,989 --> 01:20:49,595
nicely, you know, organized
1190
01:20:49,728 --> 01:20:54,103
in beautiful files
made in Sweden,
1191
01:20:54,638 --> 01:20:58,513
marked, you know,
the years and the place
1192
01:20:58,646 --> 01:21:01,051
when they were taken
and so forth.
1193
01:21:01,351 --> 01:21:04,291
When they brought
the third box,
1194
01:21:04,424 --> 01:21:09,735
also fell open lots of
Ernest Cole research material,
1195
01:21:09,868 --> 01:21:11,437
paper clips,
1196
01:21:12,073 --> 01:21:13,676
magazines,
1197
01:21:14,410 --> 01:21:19,688
his notes on House of Bondage
and so forth.
1198
01:21:20,155 --> 01:21:22,627
I couldn't really believe
what I'd found.
1199
01:21:23,228 --> 01:21:25,132
Shortly after being excited
1200
01:21:26,301 --> 01:21:29,273
to see what we found,
and then we decided
1201
01:21:29,407 --> 01:21:33,716
now maybe it's a perfect moment
to start asking questions.
1202
01:21:34,517 --> 01:21:37,557
The answer was
unfortunately disappointing
1203
01:21:37,690 --> 01:21:40,262
because all they could say
was that...
1204
01:21:41,899 --> 01:21:46,509
there is absolutely no record
who deposited...
1205
01:21:47,376 --> 01:21:50,817
the safety deposit...
the material in the bank.
1206
01:21:51,484 --> 01:21:54,892
And also, there is no record
1207
01:21:55,192 --> 01:21:59,267
of anyone doing any payments
1208
01:21:59,735 --> 01:22:03,643
for them to keep
the information in the bank.
1209
01:22:04,410 --> 01:22:07,082
I couldn't even believe,
you know...
1210
01:22:07,650 --> 01:22:09,286
A bank in Sweden?
1211
01:22:10,590 --> 01:22:12,727
No record?
1212
01:22:12,861 --> 01:22:15,165
And they handed over
this material to us
1213
01:22:15,299 --> 01:22:16,869
without signing anything?
1214
01:22:17,203 --> 01:22:21,077
It was something
very, very, very strange to me.
1215
01:22:23,381 --> 01:22:26,287
♪♪ (somber jazz music playing) ♪♪
1216
01:22:29,427 --> 01:22:31,699
Narrator: Winter of 1982.
1217
01:22:31,832 --> 01:22:33,201
(truck beeping)
1218
01:22:33,502 --> 01:22:35,439
Narrator: My crises
are getting worse by the day
1219
01:22:35,973 --> 01:22:37,510
and more burdensome.
1220
01:22:41,752 --> 01:22:45,492
I met a friend on Broadway
and 113th Street.
1221
01:22:47,798 --> 01:22:50,502
He introduced me
to his Indian wife.
1222
01:22:52,039 --> 01:22:54,711
She is beautiful and smart.
1223
01:22:56,113 --> 01:22:57,617
Such a lucky fellow.
1224
01:23:10,342 --> 01:23:13,749
I live with Feni now,
in the same apartment.
1225
01:23:16,622 --> 01:23:19,794
He is working
on his defining sculpture.
1226
01:23:24,437 --> 01:23:26,508
History, he calls it.
1227
01:23:31,051 --> 01:23:32,353
We do not speak much,
1228
01:23:32,821 --> 01:23:35,025
but we understand
each other's torments
1229
01:23:35,158 --> 01:23:36,662
in this freezing town.
1230
01:23:39,066 --> 01:23:42,273
Feni's work has been banned
in South Africa,
1231
01:23:42,641 --> 01:23:43,441
like mine,
1232
01:23:44,076 --> 01:23:47,584
and like Nat Nakasa's writings
a few years back.
1233
01:23:50,121 --> 01:23:51,626
Nat was around our age.
1234
01:23:52,460 --> 01:23:55,331
He left South Africa
because he did not want to,
1235
01:23:55,465 --> 01:23:58,372
as he said,
perish in his own bitterness.
1236
01:23:58,573 --> 01:24:01,444
♪♪ (tense music playing) ♪♪
1237
01:24:05,018 --> 01:24:07,658
Narrator: One day in July 1965,
1238
01:24:07,991 --> 01:24:09,928
he threw himself
from the seventh floor
1239
01:24:10,062 --> 01:24:11,565
of a building in New York.
1240
01:24:13,869 --> 01:24:16,541
- He was 28 years old.
- ♪♪ (music concludes) ♪♪
1241
01:24:17,677 --> 01:24:20,984
Narrator: "I want to write
about people, not enemies,"
1242
01:24:21,418 --> 01:24:23,321
- he used to say.
- (indistinct chatter)
1243
01:24:23,522 --> 01:24:25,660
(car engine rumbling)
1244
01:24:26,261 --> 01:24:28,766
Narrator:
Exile is destroying us,
1245
01:24:29,467 --> 01:24:30,737
one by one.
1246
01:24:31,504 --> 01:24:35,780
♪♪ (melancholic music playing) ♪♪
1247
01:24:35,913 --> 01:24:38,184
Narrator:
When the Apartheid regime fell,
1248
01:24:38,619 --> 01:24:40,690
Feni decided to go home.
1249
01:24:42,727 --> 01:24:44,631
The day before flying back,
1250
01:24:45,165 --> 01:24:47,502
he wanted to buy
a few records to bring home.
1251
01:24:49,975 --> 01:24:52,747
He had a massive heart attack
in the store
1252
01:24:53,281 --> 01:24:54,584
and died there.
1253
01:24:57,023 --> 01:24:59,828
Ellington was playing
on the loudspeakers.
1254
01:25:01,063 --> 01:25:04,637
♪♪ ("African Flower"
by Duke Ellington playing) ♪♪
1255
01:25:10,850 --> 01:25:16,460
Narrator: I walk and I walk
and I walk through the city.
1256
01:25:18,031 --> 01:25:21,905
If I stop walking,
I will just die.
1257
01:25:24,778 --> 01:25:28,284
Maybe I'm bitter
like they all say,
1258
01:25:29,320 --> 01:25:30,723
but nothing new
1259
01:25:30,923 --> 01:25:32,927
that others have not
lived through before me.
1260
01:25:33,094 --> 01:25:35,599
(sirens wailing in distance)
1261
01:25:36,367 --> 01:25:37,704
Narrator: I am bitter.
1262
01:25:40,008 --> 01:25:44,718
I try to protect myself
from the noise, from the hype,
1263
01:25:45,185 --> 01:25:48,358
from the bloody hell
that my country has become,
1264
01:25:49,460 --> 01:25:51,966
while the world
is still finding excuses.
1265
01:25:52,099 --> 01:25:53,135
♪♪ (music concludes) ♪♪
1266
01:25:53,268 --> 01:25:57,409
(in French)
1267
01:26:13,509 --> 01:26:15,145
Reporter: (in English)
British Prime Minister
1268
01:26:15,279 --> 01:26:16,649
whose unbending opposition
1269
01:26:16,782 --> 01:26:18,753
to sanctions
against South Africa,
1270
01:26:18,886 --> 01:26:21,056
is threatening to break apart
the Commonwealth.
1271
01:26:21,190 --> 01:26:25,032
I have not taken...
I've not made any changes
1272
01:26:25,165 --> 01:26:27,303
in my own position
on South Africa.
1273
01:26:27,436 --> 01:26:29,808
Well, let me tell you
why we believe
1274
01:26:29,942 --> 01:26:31,578
Mrs. Thatcher is right.
1275
01:26:32,145 --> 01:26:34,651
The primary victims
of an economic boycott
1276
01:26:34,784 --> 01:26:37,088
of South Africa
would be the very people
1277
01:26:37,255 --> 01:26:38,625
we seek to help.
1278
01:26:41,264 --> 01:26:42,801
De Klerk: When I was a young man
1279
01:26:42,934 --> 01:26:45,506
of 21 and 25,
1280
01:26:46,140 --> 01:26:49,113
why did I support
separate development?
1281
01:26:49,715 --> 01:26:52,219
Soon after I entered politics,
1282
01:26:52,352 --> 01:26:54,991
and in my years
as a backbencher already,
1283
01:26:55,125 --> 01:26:59,567
I came to the realization,
"It's not working."
1284
01:27:00,903 --> 01:27:04,745
And especially
since the early '80s,
1285
01:27:04,878 --> 01:27:06,347
I became convinced
1286
01:27:06,682 --> 01:27:09,821
that where we stand
is morally indefensible,
1287
01:27:10,523 --> 01:27:12,561
and that Apartheid was wrong.
1288
01:27:12,861 --> 01:27:17,704
(Residents chanting
in foreign language)
1289
01:27:17,837 --> 01:27:20,141
Narrator: (in English)
History is a strange thing.
1290
01:27:21,077 --> 01:27:24,585
It is amazing
how people's discourse changes
1291
01:27:24,718 --> 01:27:26,555
within just a few years.
1292
01:27:27,724 --> 01:27:29,795
A comfortable position
to be in,
1293
01:27:30,162 --> 01:27:32,500
I would say even a privilege,
1294
01:27:33,101 --> 01:27:36,073
to just acknowledge
that you were wrong
1295
01:27:36,541 --> 01:27:40,348
with hardly any consequences
whatsoever.
1296
01:27:41,918 --> 01:27:45,058
You will just go on
and enjoy your loot.
1297
01:27:48,532 --> 01:27:50,937
(birds chirping)
1298
01:27:51,070 --> 01:27:53,374
(rain pattering)
1299
01:27:55,747 --> 01:27:58,886
Narrator:
I did contemplate suicide,
1300
01:27:59,454 --> 01:28:00,856
not just once.
1301
01:28:02,761 --> 01:28:05,098
I reviewed time and again
1302
01:28:05,432 --> 01:28:08,471
all possible scenarios
for my death.
1303
01:28:09,841 --> 01:28:10,877
At home,
1304
01:28:11,077 --> 01:28:13,314
people were disappearing
every day,
1305
01:28:13,883 --> 01:28:16,955
kidnapped in the night
or in plain daylight.
1306
01:28:17,957 --> 01:28:20,829
Bodies would resurface
mutilated,
1307
01:28:21,330 --> 01:28:24,170
disfigured, unrecognizable,
1308
01:28:24,571 --> 01:28:27,710
in some dumps or in car trunks.
1309
01:28:30,517 --> 01:28:33,387
I did contemplate suicide.
1310
01:28:33,956 --> 01:28:35,091
Not just once.
1311
01:28:35,860 --> 01:28:38,833
- (indistinct chatter)
- (Kids laughing)
1312
01:28:38,966 --> 01:28:42,740
♪♪ (brooding music playing) ♪♪
1313
01:28:49,053 --> 01:28:51,658
Gerrie: They would kidnap
or abduct middle of the night,
1314
01:28:52,092 --> 01:28:54,530
kick down doors,
take the individual they want,
1315
01:28:54,664 --> 01:28:56,233
take him back to the complex
1316
01:28:56,635 --> 01:28:58,772
and then interrogate him
up to the third degree.
1317
01:28:59,006 --> 01:29:00,976
Interviewer: What do you mean
by third degree?
1318
01:29:02,045 --> 01:29:05,218
Well, we made use of...
(hesitates)
1319
01:29:05,853 --> 01:29:08,625
...half drownings,
electric shocks,
1320
01:29:09,326 --> 01:29:10,596
tubing, favorite term,
1321
01:29:10,730 --> 01:29:12,801
that's where
you step somebody's face into...
1322
01:29:13,401 --> 01:29:17,677
the inner of a car tire
and basically suffocate him.
1323
01:29:21,083 --> 01:29:22,653
Alex: You have told us
1324
01:29:24,123 --> 01:29:28,130
today, that you were tortured
many times
1325
01:29:28,264 --> 01:29:29,868
in many different places.
1326
01:29:30,035 --> 01:29:32,707
What actually
did they do to you?
1327
01:29:33,910 --> 01:29:39,386
(speaking in native language)
1328
01:29:42,092 --> 01:29:44,297
Translator:
"During the torturing,
1329
01:29:44,631 --> 01:29:45,700
I always..."
1330
01:29:45,867 --> 01:29:47,503
(speaking in native language)
1331
01:29:47,704 --> 01:29:51,177
Translator: "I was always
suffocated with a mask,
1332
01:29:52,112 --> 01:29:55,185
and there was
this helicopter training."
1333
01:29:55,319 --> 01:29:56,788
(speaking in native language)
1334
01:29:56,922 --> 01:30:01,765
Translator: "And a stick was put
inside your knees
1335
01:30:01,898 --> 01:30:03,869
and you had
to stretch your knees."
1336
01:30:04,303 --> 01:30:07,476
"During that period,
you were suffocated."
1337
01:30:07,644 --> 01:30:09,681
(speaking in native language)
1338
01:30:11,918 --> 01:30:13,989
It's fine, don't worry about it.
1339
01:30:16,962 --> 01:30:18,197
(sobs)
1340
01:30:20,068 --> 01:30:22,707
(breathes heavily)
1341
01:30:22,841 --> 01:30:26,280
(indistinct chatter)
1342
01:30:26,413 --> 01:30:27,783
Alex: That's all.
1343
01:30:35,633 --> 01:30:37,168
Interviewer: How many people
have you killed
1344
01:30:37,302 --> 01:30:38,939
as a security policeman?
1345
01:30:39,273 --> 01:30:40,408
Well...
1346
01:30:40,877 --> 01:30:43,749
As an individual,
it's hard to say how many,
1347
01:30:43,883 --> 01:30:48,024
but collectively, we killed
between 30, 35.
1348
01:30:48,759 --> 01:30:50,262
Interviewer: Why did you kill
these people?
1349
01:30:50,395 --> 01:30:52,834
It was instructions
from the head office.
1350
01:30:52,968 --> 01:30:55,906
It was instructions
from my immediate commanders.
1351
01:30:56,641 --> 01:30:58,612
Ashley: Do you remember
saying to me that
1352
01:30:58,746 --> 01:31:01,585
you are able to treat me
like an animal
1353
01:31:01,718 --> 01:31:03,087
or like a human being,
1354
01:31:03,221 --> 01:31:06,160
and that how you treated me
depended on whether...
1355
01:31:07,162 --> 01:31:08,699
I cooperated or not?
1356
01:31:10,903 --> 01:31:12,907
Jeffrey: I can't remember it
correctly, sir,
1357
01:31:13,041 --> 01:31:15,178
but I would concede,
I may have said it.
1358
01:31:17,049 --> 01:31:19,721
Can I then also just ask
if you remember that
1359
01:31:20,155 --> 01:31:23,327
while I was laying
on the ground, that somebody...
1360
01:31:24,062 --> 01:31:29,039
inserted a metal rod
into my anus and shocked me?
1361
01:31:30,242 --> 01:31:34,717
What actually led to that,
I cannot say,
1362
01:31:35,151 --> 01:31:39,994
except that I concede
the method of detention
1363
01:31:41,063 --> 01:31:42,065
was...
1364
01:31:42,767 --> 01:31:45,906
a Draconian... law
1365
01:31:46,040 --> 01:31:49,313
instituted by the then
Nationalist Government, sir.
1366
01:31:49,547 --> 01:31:53,722
♪♪ (melancholic music playing) ♪♪
1367
01:32:00,468 --> 01:32:04,043
Narrator: Roaming for days,
for months,
1368
01:32:04,811 --> 01:32:07,583
in this temple
for hurried travelers,
1369
01:32:08,451 --> 01:32:11,925
vaguely monitoring
streams of bodies
1370
01:32:12,727 --> 01:32:13,995
going somewhere.
1371
01:32:15,431 --> 01:32:19,273
The new rumor was
that I had become a vagrant,
1372
01:32:20,075 --> 01:32:24,550
a bag person in New York.
Maybe the rumors were right.
1373
01:32:32,066 --> 01:32:34,805
Sometimes,
people would recognize me.
1374
01:32:35,707 --> 01:32:40,081
"Look, the great Ernest Cole,"
they say to their friends.
1375
01:32:40,616 --> 01:32:44,022
They shake my hand.
They praise my work.
1376
01:32:44,557 --> 01:32:46,761
Tell me about their admiration.
1377
01:32:47,597 --> 01:32:49,867
I usually don't talk much.
1378
01:32:51,337 --> 01:32:53,709
Sometimes they come back
the next day,
1379
01:32:53,909 --> 01:32:56,681
bringing new friends,
wanting to help.
1380
01:32:57,951 --> 01:33:00,856
But my torments
are not curable.
1381
01:33:01,457 --> 01:33:04,864
This nagging feeling
of rootlessness.
1382
01:33:05,365 --> 01:33:06,500
(camera shutter clicking)
1383
01:33:06,634 --> 01:33:09,239
♪♪ (mellow jazz music playing) ♪♪
1384
01:33:11,444 --> 01:33:14,316
(camera shutter clicking)
1385
01:33:15,753 --> 01:33:19,125
Narrator: It's been eight years
since I touched a camera.
1386
01:33:21,631 --> 01:33:23,334
Eight long years.
1387
01:33:24,870 --> 01:33:27,108
I feel like an old man.
1388
01:33:29,013 --> 01:33:30,949
I am an old man.
1389
01:33:37,062 --> 01:33:41,871
My friend, the great jazz
player and composer,
Abdullah Ibrahim,
1390
01:33:42,005 --> 01:33:44,778
told me
about a Magnum photographer
1391
01:33:44,911 --> 01:33:46,413
who wanted to meet me.
1392
01:33:47,817 --> 01:33:50,121
Rashid Lombard was his name.
1393
01:33:51,390 --> 01:33:54,463
Rashid Lombard
took these pictures.
1394
01:33:54,698 --> 01:33:59,139
(camera shutter clicking)
1395
01:34:03,047 --> 01:34:06,053
Narrator: I took one
of his cameras in my hands.
1396
01:34:07,289 --> 01:34:08,358
It was cold.
1397
01:34:09,293 --> 01:34:11,732
"Can I take a picture?"
I asked.
1398
01:34:12,499 --> 01:34:14,904
- "Yes," he said.
- ♪♪ (music concludes) ♪♪
1399
01:34:15,071 --> 01:34:18,043
Narrator: "Do you mind
sitting there?" I asked.
1400
01:34:19,681 --> 01:34:21,350
I took just one frame.
1401
01:34:22,152 --> 01:34:24,256
- Only one.
- (camera shutter clicking)
1402
01:34:24,657 --> 01:34:26,093
Narrator: That's all I could.
1403
01:34:28,230 --> 01:34:31,270
- ♪♪ (brooding music playing) ♪♪
- (birds chirping)
1404
01:34:54,517 --> 01:34:57,690
Narrator: You might still want
to know how my negatives
1405
01:34:57,823 --> 01:35:02,766
and my personal archives
got into a Swedish bank vault.
1406
01:35:05,104 --> 01:35:06,440
Who put them there?
1407
01:35:07,142 --> 01:35:09,079
Who paid for the deposit?
1408
01:35:09,814 --> 01:35:11,116
Since when?
1409
01:35:17,495 --> 01:35:21,303
But you know what?
I don't really care anymore.
1410
01:35:22,038 --> 01:35:24,442
Whatever happened, happened.
1411
01:35:24,877 --> 01:35:27,482
And it definitely
was not right.
1412
01:35:29,319 --> 01:35:36,133
Who ordered, omitted, hid,
swapped, covered up,
1413
01:35:36,534 --> 01:35:40,175
silenced anything,
will still have to answer
1414
01:35:40,308 --> 01:35:41,745
to their own conscience.
1415
01:35:41,878 --> 01:35:43,748
♪♪ (music concludes) ♪♪
1416
01:35:43,882 --> 01:35:46,019
Narrator: Today, what counts
1417
01:35:46,420 --> 01:35:50,061
is that all my work
is finally home,
1418
01:35:50,562 --> 01:35:51,965
where it belongs.
1419
01:35:55,371 --> 01:36:00,415
Let us never break faith
with our people or our land,
1420
01:36:01,116 --> 01:36:03,755
with our martyrs
who have died for us,
1421
01:36:04,356 --> 01:36:07,997
or with our heroes
who live for us.
1422
01:36:09,667 --> 01:36:12,873
- Amandla!
- Supporters: Awethu!
1423
01:36:13,040 --> 01:36:15,779
- Amandla!
- Supporters: Awethu!
1424
01:36:16,179 --> 01:36:20,421
- ♪♪ (pensive music playing) ♪♪
- (birds chirping)
1425
01:36:22,025 --> 01:36:25,131
Narrator:
New York is a soulless city.
1426
01:36:27,570 --> 01:36:29,272
No one looks at the sky here.
1427
01:36:32,045 --> 01:36:35,484
Someone urgently needs
to watch the sky.
1428
01:36:36,655 --> 01:36:38,123
Maybe I should.
1429
01:36:39,727 --> 01:36:41,396
I'll watch over the sunset.
1430
01:36:42,866 --> 01:36:46,140
- I'll watch over the
sunrise...
- (indistinct chatter)
1431
01:36:46,273 --> 01:36:47,943
...for all the people.
1432
01:36:52,318 --> 01:36:54,791
♪♪ (music concludes) ♪♪
1433
01:36:54,958 --> 01:36:58,364
Narrator:
"New York, January 1990."
1434
01:36:59,166 --> 01:37:02,973
"Dear Mrs. Cole,
I'm calling you to let you know
1435
01:37:03,107 --> 01:37:05,646
that your son,
Ernest, is not well."
1436
01:37:06,681 --> 01:37:08,752
"His doctors think
that it would be a good time
1437
01:37:08,886 --> 01:37:10,288
to come and be with him."
1438
01:37:10,923 --> 01:37:12,459
"He has not long to live."
1439
01:37:13,227 --> 01:37:16,801
Nelson Mandela is to be set free
at one o'clock tomorrow.
1440
01:37:16,935 --> 01:37:19,708
South Africa's president,
De Klerk, hopes it will create
1441
01:37:19,841 --> 01:37:22,847
a positive, peaceful climate
for negotiations
1442
01:37:22,980 --> 01:37:23,982
on a new South Africa.
1443
01:37:24,115 --> 01:37:26,086
(sirens wailing in distance)
1444
01:37:26,219 --> 01:37:29,426
Narrator: "It's terminal,"
Dr. Rafii tells me.
1445
01:37:29,827 --> 01:37:31,363
Pancreatic cancer.
1446
01:37:32,165 --> 01:37:34,169
A few weeks, tops.
1447
01:37:34,537 --> 01:37:35,872
That's it.
1448
01:37:37,442 --> 01:37:39,580
I wish I could die
in my country.
1449
01:37:42,051 --> 01:37:43,454
At the consulate,
1450
01:37:43,755 --> 01:37:47,028
they said I was no longer
a South African citizen.
1451
01:37:48,397 --> 01:37:53,508
(crowd clamoring, echoing)
1452
01:37:53,675 --> 01:37:57,115
Narrator: Mother flew
all the way from South Africa
1453
01:37:57,817 --> 01:37:59,185
to see me die.
1454
01:38:00,254 --> 01:38:03,460
At first,
standing in my room...
1455
01:38:04,730 --> 01:38:06,266
she didn't say a word.
1456
01:38:08,404 --> 01:38:09,406
Then...
1457
01:38:10,442 --> 01:38:14,382
very softly, she put her hand
behind my neck,
1458
01:38:14,850 --> 01:38:17,054
as if feeling something.
1459
01:38:18,992 --> 01:38:20,227
(sighs)
1460
01:38:21,029 --> 01:38:24,169
"He is dying," she said.
1461
01:38:28,277 --> 01:38:30,281
Mother stayed until the end.
1462
01:38:31,751 --> 01:38:36,159
She looked at me
as I was gasping into death.
1463
01:38:37,395 --> 01:38:39,365
She stayed there in the room...
1464
01:38:40,669 --> 01:38:42,071
until I died.
1465
01:38:44,243 --> 01:38:47,583
♪♪ ("The Funeral"
by George Fenton playing) ♪♪
1466
01:38:48,217 --> 01:38:49,788
(crowd cheering)
1467
01:38:49,921 --> 01:38:52,459
Reporter: There's Mr. Mandela,
Mr. Nelson Mandela,
1468
01:38:52,693 --> 01:38:56,433
a free man
taking his first steps
1469
01:38:56,934 --> 01:38:58,538
into a new South Africa.
1470
01:38:58,671 --> 01:39:00,743
(choir singing)
1471
01:39:00,876 --> 01:39:02,713
Reporter: This is
Winnie Mandela next to him,
1472
01:39:03,314 --> 01:39:06,988
- waving to the crowds.
- (crowd clamoring)
1473
01:39:18,177 --> 01:39:20,447
♪♪ (song continues) ♪♪
1474
01:39:26,694 --> 01:39:31,203
(crowd cheering)
1475
01:39:44,028 --> 01:39:46,233
(crowd cheering)
1476
01:39:50,040 --> 01:39:52,379
♪♪ (song fades) ♪♪
1477
01:39:52,513 --> 01:39:55,619
Narrator: There were cries
and speeches.
1478
01:39:56,219 --> 01:39:58,390
There were ministers
at my funeral,
1479
01:39:59,025 --> 01:40:00,294
artists,
1480
01:40:01,163 --> 01:40:02,532
important people.
1481
01:40:03,835 --> 01:40:06,641
After the ceremony,
they all gathered.
1482
01:40:07,342 --> 01:40:09,279
People came from all over.
1483
01:40:10,381 --> 01:40:12,553
They brought
cooked African foods.
1484
01:40:13,688 --> 01:40:17,061
"I will not bury him here,"
said Mother.
1485
01:40:18,197 --> 01:40:20,970
So, they cremated my body.
1486
01:40:21,470 --> 01:40:23,809
♪♪ (gloomy jazz music playing) ♪♪
1487
01:40:23,942 --> 01:40:27,683
Narrator: She took the ashes
on her lap, on the airplane,
1488
01:40:28,952 --> 01:40:33,093
all the way
to Mamelodi Cemetery.
1489
01:40:35,665 --> 01:40:37,703
(birds chirping)
1490
01:41:08,531 --> 01:41:12,739
It'll stand, I mean, you know,
in the future because, uh...
1491
01:41:13,440 --> 01:41:15,411
I'm sure South Africa
will be free.
1492
01:41:15,545 --> 01:41:19,018
- Amandla!
- Crowd: Awethu!
1493
01:41:19,252 --> 01:41:22,425
- Amandla!
- Crowd: Awethu!
1494
01:41:22,593 --> 01:41:26,233
- Nelson: Free Africa!
- (crowd cheering)
1495
01:41:26,367 --> 01:41:29,673
(Nelson speaking indistinctly,
echoing)
1496
01:41:37,689 --> 01:41:41,630
♪♪ (uplifting jazz music
playing) ♪♪
1497
01:41:43,801 --> 01:41:45,839
(birds chirping)
1498
01:41:54,824 --> 01:41:57,896
Narrator:
The last photos I took...
1499
01:42:00,468 --> 01:42:01,938
lost souls.
1500
01:42:02,940 --> 01:42:07,516
Long ago,
detached from everything.
1501
01:42:09,119 --> 01:42:11,924
Empty, useless bodies.
1502
01:42:13,360 --> 01:42:15,832
My ultimate photos.
1503
01:42:17,569 --> 01:42:19,673
An absurd catchphrase...
1504
01:42:21,276 --> 01:42:24,517
but so fitting.
(chuckles softly)
1505
01:42:24,684 --> 01:42:26,787
I still have some humor left.
1506
01:42:30,996 --> 01:42:33,166
One last look.
1507
01:42:35,973 --> 01:42:37,174
Yes.
1508
01:42:38,143 --> 01:42:40,882
I do see you.
1509
01:42:42,118 --> 01:42:45,892
♪♪ (lively jazz music playing) ♪♪
1510
01:44:43,260 --> 01:44:47,468
♪♪ (pensive jazz music playing) ♪♪
1511
01:46:07,629 --> 01:46:10,935
♪♪ (music concludes) ♪♪