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‫Welcome back to another lesson in the aout speaking section of this course today, we're going to be

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‫looking at language to connect your ideas.

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‫By the end of the lesson, you will understand what a connective is and how they are used to link your

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‫speaking.

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‫I'm going to show you some key connectives and phrases that you can use in your speaking test.

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‫So why is it important to use connectives to link your speaking?

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‫Well, going back to Band seven Fluency in Coherence, this statement is still important.

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‫Uses a range of connectives and discourse markers.

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‫We can even see the phrase connectives in this Band seven statement as well as that we can see speaks

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‫at length without noticeable effort or loss of coherence.

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‫Here, connectives will become very important in linking your ideas and making things more logical and

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‫easily understood.

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‫Let's take a look at a connective in use, here is an example from a student without a connective,

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‫the rain was heavy all day.

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‫We stayed indoors until that evening.

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‫These are two simple sentences and it's quite good if you can use some of these in your speaking test.

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‫Remember to use a range of vocabulary and sentence types.

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‫Here is the same sentences, but with a connective.

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‫The rain was heavy all day.

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‫Therefore we stayed indoors until the evening.

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‫Both of these examples are perfectly acceptable, although due to one example is rather simplistic.

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‫Let's take a look at the types of connectives that will be looking at today.

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‫There are three types of connectives we have adding information, giving effect and comparing and contrasting.

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‫Let's move on to adding information, use these phrases when you want to give more information to the

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‫point that you are making.

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‫Here are four phrases that you can use to add extra information to your speaking.

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‫The examples that I'll be giving in this lesson will be based around a Part two topic cue card, and

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‫for adding information, we're going to use the topic of health.

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‫Let's see the first example for more over.

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‫I believe daily exercise is very important to keeping fit.

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‫Moreover, this should be paired with a diet of plenty of vegetables.

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‫In my free time, I enjoy riding my bicycle to stay fit.

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‫In addition, I have recently started running in my local park.

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‫Staying physically fit as well as challenging yourself mentally is very important as you grow older.

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‫In my opinion, hospitals don't have enough money to look after everyone.

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‫Another point is the government spending less on health.

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‫Here we can see for connectives to add more information and give detail to the topic or subject that

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‫you are speaking about, give them a go.

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‫Now, we'll move on to giving effect.

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‫When you want to give the result of an event, use the following phrases by giving effect.

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‫I mean something like it was raining.

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‫Therefore I wore my coat.

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‫The result is I wore my coat because of the situation.

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‫It was raining.

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‫Let's see for examples.

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‫The part two topic cue card has been changed to technology.

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‫Here's number one.

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‫Recently, I subscribe to Netflix to watch a new series, therefore I haven't been out to play much

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‫sport.

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‫My brother taught me how to use an iPad, so now I can use all these really fun apps.

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‫Children these days are never away from a computer screen, as a result, they spend less time playing

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‫outside.

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‫Last month, my television stopped working completely for this reason, I have been reading a lot more

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‫books.

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‫There we have four phrases for giving the effect or the result of an event.

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‫Now it's time to move on to our next connective tape, which is comparing and contrasting.

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‫In ILD speaking, as well as in general English conversation, you will find there are times when you

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‫want to compare opposite ideas or debate and discuss a situation or event, these next four phrases

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‫will be extremely useful to you.

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‫I've changed the part to topic cue card to society.

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‫And here is example number one.

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‫I do think laws need to be tougher on criminals, however, prisons are becoming full with limited space

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‫for more people.

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‫In most Western countries, people don't work on the weekends, whereas in other countries people have

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‫different days off.

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‫It seems to me the government should be encouraging people to recycle more, although I'm not sure everyone

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‫would listen.

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‫Pensions for the retired are important to keep people with food and shelter, on the other hand, maybe

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‫it's time for families to help the elderly more.

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‫Practice using these four key phrases to compare, give a balanced argument or discuss the pros and

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‫cons of an event or situation.

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‫Now I have the master list of connectives that you can use and practice with to help connect your ideas

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‫in your speaking.

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‫I suggest writing these down or printing screen and saving the document somewhere on your computer,

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‫do practice using them as they will definitely help you to score marks in the speaking test.

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‫That brings us to the end of this lesson on connectives and connecting your ideas.

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‫Remember, if you have any questions, please post in the Q&A section of the course.