‫Welcome back to another lesson in the aout speaking section of this course today, we're going to be
‫looking at language to connect your ideas.
‫By the end of the lesson, you will understand what a connective is and how they are used to link your
‫speaking.
‫I'm going to show you some key connectives and phrases that you can use in your speaking test.
‫So why is it important to use connectives to link your speaking?
‫Well, going back to Band seven Fluency in Coherence, this statement is still important.
‫Uses a range of connectives and discourse markers.
‫We can even see the phrase connectives in this Band seven statement as well as that we can see speaks
‫at length without noticeable effort or loss of coherence.
‫Here, connectives will become very important in linking your ideas and making things more logical and
‫easily understood.
‫Let's take a look at a connective in use, here is an example from a student without a connective,
‫the rain was heavy all day.
‫We stayed indoors until that evening.
‫These are two simple sentences and it's quite good if you can use some of these in your speaking test.
‫Remember to use a range of vocabulary and sentence types.
‫Here is the same sentences, but with a connective.
‫The rain was heavy all day.
‫Therefore we stayed indoors until the evening.
‫Both of these examples are perfectly acceptable, although due to one example is rather simplistic.
‫Let's take a look at the types of connectives that will be looking at today.
‫There are three types of connectives we have adding information, giving effect and comparing and contrasting.
‫Let's move on to adding information, use these phrases when you want to give more information to the
‫point that you are making.
‫Here are four phrases that you can use to add extra information to your speaking.
‫The examples that I'll be giving in this lesson will be based around a Part two topic cue card, and
‫for adding information, we're going to use the topic of health.
‫Let's see the first example for more over.
‫I believe daily exercise is very important to keeping fit.
‫Moreover, this should be paired with a diet of plenty of vegetables.
‫In my free time, I enjoy riding my bicycle to stay fit.
‫In addition, I have recently started running in my local park.
‫Staying physically fit as well as challenging yourself mentally is very important as you grow older.
‫In my opinion, hospitals don't have enough money to look after everyone.
‫Another point is the government spending less on health.
‫Here we can see for connectives to add more information and give detail to the topic or subject that
‫you are speaking about, give them a go.
‫Now, we'll move on to giving effect.
‫When you want to give the result of an event, use the following phrases by giving effect.
‫I mean something like it was raining.
‫Therefore I wore my coat.
‫The result is I wore my coat because of the situation.
‫It was raining.
‫Let's see for examples.
‫The part two topic cue card has been changed to technology.
‫Here's number one.
‫Recently, I subscribe to Netflix to watch a new series, therefore I haven't been out to play much
‫sport.
‫My brother taught me how to use an iPad, so now I can use all these really fun apps.
‫Children these days are never away from a computer screen, as a result, they spend less time playing
‫outside.
‫Last month, my television stopped working completely for this reason, I have been reading a lot more
‫books.
‫There we have four phrases for giving the effect or the result of an event.
‫Now it's time to move on to our next connective tape, which is comparing and contrasting.
‫In ILD speaking, as well as in general English conversation, you will find there are times when you
‫want to compare opposite ideas or debate and discuss a situation or event, these next four phrases
‫will be extremely useful to you.
‫I've changed the part to topic cue card to society.
‫And here is example number one.
‫I do think laws need to be tougher on criminals, however, prisons are becoming full with limited space
‫for more people.
‫In most Western countries, people don't work on the weekends, whereas in other countries people have
‫different days off.
‫It seems to me the government should be encouraging people to recycle more, although I'm not sure everyone
‫would listen.
‫Pensions for the retired are important to keep people with food and shelter, on the other hand, maybe
‫it's time for families to help the elderly more.
‫Practice using these four key phrases to compare, give a balanced argument or discuss the pros and
‫cons of an event or situation.
‫Now I have the master list of connectives that you can use and practice with to help connect your ideas
‫in your speaking.
‫I suggest writing these down or printing screen and saving the document somewhere on your computer,
‫do practice using them as they will definitely help you to score marks in the speaking test.
‫That brings us to the end of this lesson on connectives and connecting your ideas.
‫Remember, if you have any questions, please post in the Q&A section of the course.