1 00:00:01,560 --> 00:00:09,420 ‫Here is your second lesson in grammar for elite speaking in this lesson, we're going to learn how to 2 00:00:09,420 --> 00:00:13,020 ‫use conditionals to talk about the future. 3 00:00:13,860 --> 00:00:16,800 ‫So what exactly are conditionals? 4 00:00:17,730 --> 00:00:23,880 ‫Well, in the English language, there are a few ways that we can talk about the future. 5 00:00:24,850 --> 00:00:27,280 ‫Here is an example of one of those ways. 6 00:00:28,510 --> 00:00:31,120 ‫Tomorrow I will go to the park. 7 00:00:31,840 --> 00:00:34,690 ‫Now this is using the future simple tents. 8 00:00:35,350 --> 00:00:39,580 ‫So let's take a look at an example of a conditional structure. 9 00:00:40,960 --> 00:00:44,500 ‫If it is Sunni tomorrow, I will go to the park. 10 00:00:45,430 --> 00:00:54,250 ‫You can see I've underlined the word if as this is a key word in a conditional sentence, we are saying 11 00:00:54,250 --> 00:01:02,470 ‫that if it is Sunni, you will go to the park, which also implies that if it is not Sunni, you won't 12 00:01:02,470 --> 00:01:02,890 ‫go. 13 00:01:04,060 --> 00:01:07,420 ‫So here we have highlighted that magical word. 14 00:01:07,420 --> 00:01:13,170 ‫If and all three types of conditionals, use this magic word. 15 00:01:14,100 --> 00:01:21,150 ‫As I showed you in the previous grammar lesson, it's important to use a range of structures in your 16 00:01:21,150 --> 00:01:29,040 ‫child's speaking answers and conditionals are another way you can show the examiners that you have confidence 17 00:01:29,040 --> 00:01:30,630 ‫in English speaking. 18 00:01:31,320 --> 00:01:34,530 ‫So let's take a look at what the conditionals are. 19 00:01:35,890 --> 00:01:41,620 ‫We have the first conditional and on the right, we have a condition and result. 20 00:01:41,860 --> 00:01:43,540 ‫So here is an example. 21 00:01:44,230 --> 00:01:51,700 ‫If it rained, which is the condition, I will get wet, which is the result of it raining. 22 00:01:52,630 --> 00:01:59,170 ‫We form a first conditional by using the present simple plus will or won't. 23 00:01:59,710 --> 00:02:07,990 ‫And a first conditional is for a possible situation in the future, something that could happen. 24 00:02:08,740 --> 00:02:11,050 ‫Let's take a look at the second conditional. 25 00:02:12,300 --> 00:02:18,660 ‫Here is an example if I was the president, I would make ice cream free. 26 00:02:19,780 --> 00:02:25,360 ‫It's formed with F plus the past simple plus would could or should. 27 00:02:25,960 --> 00:02:33,850 ‫And the second conditional is an unlikely situation in the future or something that probably won't happen. 28 00:02:34,780 --> 00:02:37,810 ‫Now we'll move on to the third conditional. 29 00:02:38,440 --> 00:02:45,550 ‫And here is an example if you had won the race, you would have gotten a trophy. 30 00:02:46,510 --> 00:02:53,890 ‫Now, the third conditional is most like Philly, the most difficult conditional to form, and we make 31 00:02:53,890 --> 00:02:56,590 ‫it using F plus the past perfect. 32 00:02:56,980 --> 00:03:05,380 ‫Plus, Woods could or should have pulled us past participle, which in the example is gotten. 33 00:03:06,310 --> 00:03:13,960 ‫The third conditional is used to discuss a different past and a possible resulting future. 34 00:03:14,680 --> 00:03:21,820 ‫It's almost like discussing an alternate dimension or an alternate version of your life. 35 00:03:22,540 --> 00:03:27,430 ‫Let's take a look at some more examples for each of the three conditionals. 36 00:03:27,820 --> 00:03:35,320 ‫And first up is the first conditional, which is used to discuss a possible or likely situation that 37 00:03:35,320 --> 00:03:37,060 ‫could happen in the future. 38 00:03:38,020 --> 00:03:43,000 ‫We make it with if follows, the present simple plus will or won't. 39 00:03:44,370 --> 00:03:47,640 ‫If it rains tomorrow, I will get wet. 40 00:03:49,140 --> 00:03:53,610 ‫If the boss is on time, I won't be late for work. 41 00:03:54,720 --> 00:03:58,830 ‫If the shop has a sale, I will buy some shoes. 42 00:04:00,020 --> 00:04:07,550 ‫Let's take a look at the second Conditional, which is used to discuss an unlikely situation that probably 43 00:04:07,550 --> 00:04:09,590 ‫won't happen in the future. 44 00:04:10,400 --> 00:04:16,100 ‫We make it with if plus the past simple plus would, could or should. 45 00:04:16,460 --> 00:04:18,320 ‫And here is some examples. 46 00:04:21,560 --> 00:04:25,730 ‫If I was faster, I would have won that race. 47 00:04:27,050 --> 00:04:33,380 ‫If you could skillfully, I would eat your food if we were rich. 48 00:04:33,620 --> 00:04:36,560 ‫We could retire and buy a villa. 49 00:04:37,490 --> 00:04:40,400 ‫So that's all for second conditional examples. 50 00:04:40,640 --> 00:04:45,860 ‫Let's take a look at the more difficult of the three, which is the third conditional. 51 00:04:46,430 --> 00:04:52,640 ‫And again, this is used to discuss a different path and possible resulting future. 52 00:04:53,330 --> 00:04:58,550 ‫As I said before, it's almost like discussing a different version of your life. 53 00:04:59,330 --> 00:05:05,060 ‫We make it with if plus the past perfect plus would, could, should have. 54 00:05:05,480 --> 00:05:07,160 ‫And the past participle. 55 00:05:07,700 --> 00:05:10,970 ‫And here are some examples of the third conditional. 56 00:05:12,290 --> 00:05:17,000 ‫If I had seen my friend, I would have gone skateboarding. 57 00:05:19,380 --> 00:05:23,580 ‫If we had a car, we could have travelled further. 58 00:05:25,530 --> 00:05:29,270 ‫If they have a torch, maybe we should buy one. 59 00:05:30,670 --> 00:05:34,080 ‫So there are three examples for the third conditional. 60 00:05:34,630 --> 00:05:38,830 ‫Let's go back to the overview to quickly review what we have learnt. 61 00:05:39,910 --> 00:05:47,860 ‫It may be worth green shotting on noting down this table and then practicing, writing and speaking 62 00:05:47,860 --> 00:05:55,210 ‫all three conditionals again, it's a really good way to show the Examiner that you understand how to 63 00:05:55,210 --> 00:05:58,150 ‫use a range of complex structures. 64 00:05:59,200 --> 00:06:00,370 ‫See you in the next lesson.