1
00:00:01,450 --> 00:00:07,010
‫Hello, and here is another lesson for you on Ale's speaking.

2
00:00:07,330 --> 00:00:15,640
‫So in this lesson, I wanted to just give you some extra information regarding contractions or the use

3
00:00:15,640 --> 00:00:19,620
‫of contractions specifically for AM speaking.

4
00:00:20,050 --> 00:00:26,320
‫So contractions, of course, are where we join one or more words together.

5
00:00:26,470 --> 00:00:33,790
‫And we do this in order to be able to say it or write it or just generally communicate it in a quicker

6
00:00:33,790 --> 00:00:34,140
‫way.

7
00:00:34,780 --> 00:00:38,620
‫And of course, there are different contractions that we can use.

8
00:00:38,650 --> 00:00:45,700
‫However, there are some contractions that we really probably want to stay away from during the speaking

9
00:00:45,700 --> 00:00:53,710
‫test, because, of course, this is a reasonably formal professional environment and some contractions

10
00:00:54,280 --> 00:00:56,620
‫can come across maybe a little bit rude.

11
00:00:56,860 --> 00:00:59,880
‫And we don't want to upset the IOPS, examine it.

12
00:01:00,460 --> 00:01:07,210
‫So first up, a few contractions that we really shouldn't use because they're too informal, they're

13
00:01:07,210 --> 00:01:08,310
‫too much like slang.

14
00:01:08,590 --> 00:01:17,950
‫So I would suggest being very careful or just not using contractions like Wanner or Lemi.

15
00:01:18,370 --> 00:01:22,600
‫So Wanner would be want to want to eat some food.

16
00:01:22,600 --> 00:01:23,890
‫I want to go outside.

17
00:01:24,250 --> 00:01:26,590
‫It's a little bit too informal.

18
00:01:26,800 --> 00:01:29,440
‫I want to play outside.

19
00:01:29,440 --> 00:01:31,720
‫I want to go to the park.

20
00:01:32,050 --> 00:01:36,490
‫That would be something better to use the water.

21
00:01:37,060 --> 00:01:42,850
‫So if you were talking about activities and you said I really want to go out to the park this weekend,

22
00:01:43,270 --> 00:01:49,420
‫that might be a little bit too an academic, a little bit too informal.

23
00:01:49,570 --> 00:01:57,070
‫And the same with Lemi, which is let me, of course, in a general day to day example, it might be,

24
00:01:57,100 --> 00:01:58,360
‫oh, let me help you with that.

25
00:01:58,870 --> 00:02:06,160
‫Now, that would be okay in a day to day peace of speaking, but in our aout speaking test, let me

26
00:02:06,160 --> 00:02:11,830
‫would be much better and probably using the right tone for the situation.

27
00:02:11,980 --> 00:02:18,580
‫So just a couple of examples of contractions that maybe we shouldn't use that are too informal for the

28
00:02:18,580 --> 00:02:19,600
‫ALT'S test.

29
00:02:20,850 --> 00:02:28,140
‫And, of course, PR. contractions are perfectly OK to use both in and speaking as well as other sections

30
00:02:28,140 --> 00:02:28,830
‫of the test.

31
00:02:29,040 --> 00:02:38,790
‫So pronounced contractions like I'm with your he's she's these aren't slang in use.

32
00:02:39,180 --> 00:02:41,660
‫So we can definitely use these in speaking.

33
00:02:41,670 --> 00:02:46,650
‫And in fact, it would seem strange if we didn't contract these words.

34
00:02:46,830 --> 00:02:55,470
‫So if we said he is or I am all the time, it would start to sound strange and would actually make us

35
00:02:55,470 --> 00:03:02,610
‫sound like our fluency maybe isn't quite at native level or improving towards the advanced stages.

36
00:03:02,730 --> 00:03:08,540
‫So it could actually mean if we don't use pronoun contractions, that we may lose marks.

37
00:03:09,030 --> 00:03:13,590
‫So, of course, pronoun contractions perfectly fine in the speaking test.

38
00:03:14,790 --> 00:03:22,320
‫OK, just a few advanced contractions that I think we could use, and we're going to be using them with

39
00:03:22,320 --> 00:03:28,830
‫modal verbs and to begin with, we'll look at should and would and we're going to look at it in the

40
00:03:28,830 --> 00:03:30,240
‫negative form.

41
00:03:30,480 --> 00:03:34,890
‫Should not have and would not have.

42
00:03:35,640 --> 00:03:42,420
‫So we're thinking probably about past events that maybe we wish we could change, should not have I

43
00:03:42,420 --> 00:03:45,290
‫should not have booked that hotel.

44
00:03:45,540 --> 00:03:54,870
‫I would not have bought that hotel if I knew it was so dirty or whatever the following clothes maybe

45
00:03:55,350 --> 00:03:57,550
‫should not have, would not have.

46
00:03:57,870 --> 00:04:03,570
‫So is actually three, four words, but we can really blend it together with an advanced contraction

47
00:04:03,570 --> 00:04:04,800
‫and definitely worth while.

48
00:04:04,800 --> 00:04:06,900
‫You practicing using this contraction too.

49
00:04:07,080 --> 00:04:08,610
‫So should not have.

50
00:04:08,760 --> 00:04:09,630
‫Would become.

51
00:04:09,870 --> 00:04:10,830
‫Should not have.

52
00:04:11,040 --> 00:04:11,850
‫Should not have.

53
00:04:12,330 --> 00:04:13,080
‫Should not.

54
00:04:13,230 --> 00:04:14,280
‫Should not have.

55
00:04:14,730 --> 00:04:17,160
‫Is almost there instead of a have it to have.

56
00:04:17,340 --> 00:04:22,620
‫Herve should not have or you could even go further and Irv should not have.

57
00:04:22,950 --> 00:04:23,850
‫Would not have.

58
00:04:24,180 --> 00:04:24,900
‫Would not have.

59
00:04:25,080 --> 00:04:28,500
‫So we blend it really into almost one word.

60
00:04:28,650 --> 00:04:34,200
‫Should not have, would not have definitely worth practicing using in your speaking.

61
00:04:34,200 --> 00:04:38,730
‫And it really gives you that boost towards fluency in a similar way.

62
00:04:38,880 --> 00:04:45,630
‫We can use the modal verbs, Maite and AWT, so these are the modal verbs and will contract them against

63
00:04:45,630 --> 00:04:48,690
‫an auxiliary verbs in a positive sense this time.

64
00:04:48,690 --> 00:04:51,600
‫So we can have, might have or have.

65
00:04:52,020 --> 00:04:56,850
‫Now, AWT is definitely a slightly advanced piece of language.

66
00:04:57,120 --> 00:05:05,760
‫It's probably less commonly used in informal conversations, but definitely something that you can use

67
00:05:05,760 --> 00:05:08,730
‫in your aout speaking test ought.

68
00:05:08,970 --> 00:05:15,810
‫I ought to have gone to exercise yesterday, but that sounds a little bit strange.

69
00:05:15,810 --> 00:05:20,970
‫It's not how a native speaker would generally say I ought have gone to exercise yesterday.

70
00:05:21,150 --> 00:05:24,170
‫I ought to have trained at the gym yesterday.

71
00:05:24,600 --> 00:05:28,320
‫Ought have would become autumn autumn.

72
00:05:28,860 --> 00:05:36,300
‫I ought have trained at the gym yesterday, autumn or have and then we can also do the same with might

73
00:05:36,300 --> 00:05:39,750
‫have, might have, might have gone.

74
00:05:39,750 --> 00:05:42,630
‫If I knew the gym was open.

75
00:05:42,810 --> 00:05:43,590
‫Might have.

76
00:05:43,770 --> 00:05:44,490
‫Might have.

77
00:05:44,490 --> 00:05:45,120
‫Ought of.

78
00:05:45,750 --> 00:05:49,260
‫I ought have really studied a bit harder for this test.

79
00:05:50,010 --> 00:05:54,660
‫I really ought to have gone shopping whilst the mall was open.

80
00:05:55,110 --> 00:05:57,180
‫Just a few more examples for you there.

81
00:05:57,330 --> 00:06:03,900
‫So these are really contractions that are a little bit more advanced but are still formal in use.

82
00:06:04,050 --> 00:06:13,590
‫So definitely contractions that you can use in your speaking test and I believe will also slightly impress

83
00:06:13,590 --> 00:06:17,550
‫the IRS examiner, which could, of course, help you score extra marks.

84
00:06:17,850 --> 00:06:23,010
‫OK, if you've got any questions about these contractions, then of course, as always, please do let

85
00:06:23,010 --> 00:06:23,400
‫me know.