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Hey, welcome to the Cold Experiment video for today.

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Today, we were able to read the contents of a file using the open function and the read lines method

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as well.

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And Python is able to find the file using this file name to do the trick.

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So we simply give the name of the file here.

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And that is the case when the file is located in the project root directory.

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So the directory The root directory is app one.

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And to do this under that directory.

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But if to dos was in another folder, for example, if I drag to dos and drop it in another folder,

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let's create a folder first.

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Let's name it files.

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So files now is inside app one and to dos the txt will be drag and dropped inside files.

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Now.

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When I press refactor here.

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You'll see that the path here of this file.

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Will be changed by power or automatically.

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So take a look here, how it will change when I press refactor.

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You see it changed from to dos that txt to files slash to dos the text.

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So all the files the file paths changed to that.

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So that was done automatically by part charm.

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If part charm didn't do that, we would have to write this manually.

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So files slash to do the text because otherwise if this was just to reduce the text, this as well.

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And the other was also.

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And we run the code and we try to add something.

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So Kay's ad now doesn't have the file slash port.

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So if I press add and I try to add it to do such as by fruits, we're going to get an error.

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And the error says file not found error, no such file or directory to dos the text.

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So because to dos is in another folder, you have to give the relative path to that folder.

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And the relative path is file slash to dos.

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Again, here for us, slash to dos.

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So that is a relative path and it is relative to the project root directory, which in my case is app

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one.

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App.

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One is located somewhere in my computer.

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Maybe see slash users audits.

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EP one, etc. It doesn't matter.

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The absolute path here doesn't matter.

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All these files can be referenced using relative paths from within Python.

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So if we have, for example, another folder inside files, so let's create a new one.

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Sup files and drag to the static C to sap SAP files.

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Press refactor and par charm again will change the path to file SAP files to dos dot txt using slashes.

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To separate directories from directories and directories from files.

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It could also happen that you may need to point to a file which is outside of the project root directory.

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In that case, you'd have to use an absolute path, and I'll show you how to do that.

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Now.

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The only thing is that the process is different between Mac Linux and Windows.

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So for that, I'll show you now.

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My windows.

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Computer on top and my Mac computer at the bottom of the instructions for Mac will also be valid for

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Linux users.

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So the instructions for Windows that that's the Windows computer.

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And let's suppose that you had a file in your downloads folder.

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The file name is to DOS.

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It also has an extension that text, but Windows doesn't show it.

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However, the actual file name is to do the text.

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Now you want to.

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Click here and copy that path.

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That is the absolute path you need to provide.

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Now in Python, I don't want to pull you to my app here, so I'll just open a Python console.

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So again, we would use open.

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The function open and inside the codes you'd paste that directory.

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And then you'd add.

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Another backslash.

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So not a slash on windows, but a back slash to dos does text.

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And then you want to go to the beginning of the string outside the quotes and adds, Ah, I'm adding

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our here because we have back slashes on Windows.

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And that means some characters are special characters in Python, for example, Backslash T creates

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a tab.

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If you remember, Backslash GN was also a special character.

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It created a brake line.

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So when you when you say print backslash n, you get a break line.

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If you say print backslash T, you get a tab for that reason.

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We want to change this to a row string by adding our just before the quotes that will treat.

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Every character as a normal character, it will ignore special characters and then add the ah argument

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and press enter.

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If you got an error, probably you may need to add another text here because perhaps when you created

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the file you manually added a text, but then Windows adds another one on top of that.

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So you end up with this file name actually.

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So try to execute this and see if it works.

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You know it works when this doesn't give you any output.

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And you also know it works when you apply the read method and you get the contents of that file, which

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is in my downloads folder.

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So that's a file.

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So that was how to read an absolute file on Windows.

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On Mac and Linux.

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Let's suppose we have this file to use the THC, which is in the downloads folder.

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So you may see like that, but if you press this.

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View option in here.

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You're going to be able to trace where the directory comes from.

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So you get users A s and downloads to do that.

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So that means the path is.

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File is open.

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The path is slash.

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We're using forward.

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Slash is here on Windows.

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You need to use back slashes here, you use forwards normal slashes users s and downloads slash to do

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stuff.

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Text press enter file the.

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It gives me the contents of that file.

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So you need to change this to your username.

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So you need to actually be able to get the actual path on your own computer.

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And that's how you read absolute paths on Windows and Mac or Linux.

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So Mac and Linux use four slashes.

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So those were some code experiments on file paths.

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I hope you understand them better.

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As I mentioned, most of the time you're going to have the files in your project directory, so you

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you'll not have to bother with absolute paths, just relative paths.

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So thank you.

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See you later.