This is our fifth strategy application lecture for the true false not given question.
Let's go ahead and go through this question.
And I know you're going to do an excellent job because you've been watching the previous lectures and
you know exactly what to do.
So with the true, false not given question, we know that it's all about keyword selection from the
questions.
Finding the keywords that help us find the matching sentence and also identifying the keywords that
will determine if something is going to be true or false or not given.
Scanning is really important.
You have to be able to scan, not read, scan for specific details and find the matching sentences.
Keep in mind you want to choose the easiest question to do first.
Choose the easiest question to do first.
And then be clear about what?
Yes.
No, not given means yes is confirmation.
And very often they're going to use confirmation by using synonyms and paraphrasing of the question.
Information is not going to be direct because that's not an English test.
False deals with your ability to recognize contradiction when information is contradicted.
Can you recognize that?
And not given means that you're going to avoid making assumptions and inferences and recognize when
information is not mentioned, not referenced, not identified in the passage.
Now, you might be thinking, didn't you mention this before in the previous lectures?
Yes, I did.
However, I mentioned this in every lecture because some students don't watch all five of of the strategy
lectures, they may skip to number five.
So that's why you hear me repeat things sometimes because I'm teaching thousands of students and everybody
has their own little idiosyncrasies in terms of how they study.
And so that's why sometimes I repeat information.
Of course, you could have skipped through this and gone through it, but I just want to explain that
very quickly.
In terms of some keys to success, we definitely have to think about identifying the twist, determining
language.
The better you get at doing that, the easier it's going to be for you to be able to answer these questions.
Recognize that questions are created from more than one sentence at times.
Understand the difference between false and not given.
Non given means information is missing.
Like in our example, we don't know when we look at the passage.
If Kofi has a green card, doesn't have a green card, we don't know.
And like I said, we don't make assumptions, we don't make inferences, we don't jump to conclusions.
We don't make inferences for information that's not there.
That's what I mean by that.
Don't jump to conclusions.
Don't fill in missing blanks.
So coming up next, we're going to go ahead and get into a full passage application.
We're going to work on scanning.
We're going to work on answer application.
This one is coming from Cambridge Book 12, Test six, Part three The Benefits of Being Bilingual.
So go ahead and open your book and work along with me.
So here we can see the passage on the left hand side, the beginning of the passage, the continuation
of the passage up to paragraph G on the right side and our yes no not giving questions mentioned below.
Now our first step is identifying the key words, and we're working under time conditions.
So get your phone and set your timer.
Set your timer.
Because from this point forward, we're working under time conditions to simulate test pressure.
So here on the left hand side, you can see our questions 32, 33, 34, 35 and 36.
Open up your Cambridge book 12 to test six Part three, and I want you to identify the key.
Keep in mind, when I say identify the keywords, I want you to identify the keywords that will lead
to the matching sentence and identify the keywords that will be used to determine if something will
be true, false, or not, given the twist language.
If you watch strategy lectures one through four, then you know what I'm talking about.
So let's go ahead and I want you to stop the lecture.
I want you to set a timer for 45 seconds and find the keywords for numbers 32 through 36.
All right.
So I hope that you were able to find the same keywords that I did.
The language highlighted in blue is the twist language meaning the language that will be used to determine
true or false or not given.
The passage will either confirm this language in blue, contradict it, or completely omit it.
That's why finding that language is so important.
That language doesn't necessarily help you find the matching sentence.
That language is used to answer true, false or not, given the words highlighted in yellow.
Help you find the matching sentence.
So for number 32, where it talks about attitudes and recent years that will help you find a matching
sentence.
In terms of true, false or not given, that's determined by this language right here.
Either the attitude has changed or been contradicted and not changed, or is missing whether or not
it's changed.
Okay.
For number 33 in terms of monolingual guessing bilingual finished that language will help you find where
number 33 is located.
Whether or not they're better than or not better than or equal to or that information is missing that
will determine true or false or not given bilingual monolingual consistently name naming faster.
That information will help you determine if something is true, false or not, given the word.
Images will probably also be in yellow because that's a good word to use.
It could be I can't make yellow and blue, but that's a good word to use to be able to find the matching
sentence.
35 Brains Bilingual Monolingual.
Right now, when I see all situations, I know that language, all situations that's going to be used
to determine true or false or not given.
And then, of course, brain disease and old age.
Now, fewer than were bilingual people, fewer than that's going to be the twist language to determine
true or false or not given.
I'm really spending some time on this because understanding this part is so critical to you, doing
a great job on this question type.
So now we're going to scan for the key word matching sentences.
If you're scanning and answering, like scanning and then answering the question, then you're going
to go ahead and set a six minute timer.
Open up your book and work.
Work that way.
We're going to work on the scale of scanning.
Okay.
So I've talked about scanning before.
And as you know, the more you work on that skill of scanning, the better you're going to be.
It's a skill and you can get better at it, but it's just a matter of practicing, scanning, learning
to scan and practicing it.
Just like no taking is a skill.
Scanning is a skill.
Now here we have the passage on the left side, the beginning of the passage, the ending of the passage
on the right, and our questions 32 through 36 at the bottom.
Now, what you're going to do is see if you can find the matching sentences in under 3 minutes.
So I want you to go ahead and stop the lecture.
Open up your book.
Set a timer for 3 minutes and see if you can find all of the matching sentences for 32 through 36 in
under 3 minutes.
Go ahead and stop the lecture right now and do that.
So in terms of the matching sentences for number 32.
You should have found it in the first paragraph where it talks about being bilingual is considered a
disadvantage.
That's an attitude where it talks about being a being, having benefits of being bilingual.
That's an attitude.
So we look at that question to determine if these attitudes have changed or not changed or information
is missing about this.
For number 33, we find it right here where it talks about guessing.
So we look in this sentence, right, in terms of guessing a word, right.
Guessing correctly.
We look in that sentence right there to be able to determine number 33 for number 34.
Or it talks about naming pictures.
Naming images more than one language.
So we're looking we're looking at this information right here.
Right.
And when we look at this sentence, this about consistently naming faster.
That's the information.
That's the twist language.
Either it was saying they could name faster.
They could not name fast or contradiction.
Dry.
Workers say they name slower, whatever it says.
That's what you're looking at.
Or is this information missing?
35 is going to be found right here because we see monolingual, bilingual and the brainstem.
So we know we're talking about number 35 right here.
And we're looking about we're trying to discover about all situations.
And then 36 is found in paragraph F.
Where it talks about older bilinguals.
That's where it talks about old age.
Brain disease.
Alzheimer's.
Bilingual and monolingual.
So this is how we find all of the matching sentences here, everybody.
The matching sentences.
Now, let's go ahead and answer these questions.
We found the matching sentences.
So now you're going to set your timer for 3 minutes and answer these questions.
You're going to answer questions 32 to 36.
You can do it.
You can answer this in 3 minutes because, you know, you're matching sentences.
You know, the twist language.
So, you know, it's not about you understanding the entire sentence.
Look at the twist language.
Look at the twist language for number 32.
Does it say have changed?
Does it say have not changed?
Is that information missing?
Right.
So I know you can do this.
So go ahead and set your timer for 3 minutes.
Stop the lecture right now and answer questions 32 through 36.
Now.
Did you find all the correct answers?
Did you?
I hope you did, because if you're following what we teach, I think you were able to find all the correct
answer choices.
So for number 32, the answer is going to be yes.
Why is the answer yes?
Who can tell me why?
The answer is yes.
We know why.
The answer is yes, because the attitudes have changed.
In the past, it was seen as a disadvantage.
But now, however so now we're seen as having benefits.
So that means that the attitude has changed.
The answer is yes.
33 is not given.
When we look at this sentence here, we don't know if bilingual people are better.
We don't know if they are the same or worse.
The information is missing.
We don't know when information is missing.
We put not given number 34 is no because it says the bilingual people did it more slowly.
The the question says they they can name name the images faster.
That's a contradiction.
Number 35, do they process sounds more efficiently in all situations.
So look at this carefully.
All situations, everybody.
So first it says When monolingual, bilingual adolescents listen to simple speech sounds without any
interfering background noise, they show highly similar responses, so not better in all situations.
Now, in the in the next sentence, it talks about a different situation and the bilinguals do perform
better, but they don't perform better in all situations.
There's a contradiction.
The passage, the question says all situations.
The passage says that in one situation there's similar performance.
In another situation, they perform better.
That's a contradiction.
It's not all situations.
And for number 36, this one is also tricky because if you read this these sentences here and they pulled
information from more than one sentence, if you look at these sentences, it says that, you know.
You can I you can identify the disease as identify earlier with bilingual people it's identify earlier
in them but it doesn't say which group suffers more from brain to brain disease.
It doesn't tell us that.
It only tells us which group is it's identify earlier or earlier in isn't it doesn't tell us which group
is it?
Is it more than or less than?
It doesn't tell us that information is missing.
So our answer is not given for number 36.
All right.
So thank you so much for joining me.
I hope you now really understand how to do a yes no non giving question.
You should feel confident about knowing what to do.
And that's the goal of this course.
Thank you and take care.