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‫Hello and welcome.

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‫In this lecture, we're going to be setting up some lighting in our scene.

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‫We're going to add some sunlight and a sky.

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‫And we're going to also look at the five different types of lighting available to us in Unreal.

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‫Let's dive in and learn all about it.

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‫So if we were to switch from our currently unlit mode in to the lit mode, you'll see that everything

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‫is 100% dark.

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‫And the reason for this is that we've got no lights in our scene, nothing by which to illuminate everything

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‫around us.

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‫So let's go ahead and create a new folder in the outline, which we're going to call Global.

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‫And this is going to be for stuff like global lighting.

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‫And then we're going to go to the quickly add to project and open up our place actor panel.

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‫And in here we're going to go to the lights tab and have a look at the five different types of light

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‫that we can put into our scene.

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‫Perhaps the simplest to think of is the point light.

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‫If I drag this into our scene, you can see immediately the kind of effect that it has.

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‫Light emanates from a single point outwards, and that's pretty much it.

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‫We can change how powerful that light is.

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‫We can change how it trails off, we can change the color of the light.

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‫But the fundamental property of that light is that it is a point source light.

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‫So let's remove that light now and let's try a spotlight instead.

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‫So a spotlight, as the name suggests, has some sort of directionality to it, but it still emanates

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‫from a point.

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‫Now, I think these are very much like your standard kind of halogen lights, your spotlights in your

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‫house.

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‫And obviously they can be very useful for trying to illuminate a specific area or a specific object.

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‫All these lights can be rotated.

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‫So obviously with a point light rotation didn't make much sense, but with a spotlight rotating, it

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‫allows us to illuminate different areas.

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‫So that's the spotlight.

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‫Notable mention just to the rectangle area light, rather than being a point source here, you can see

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‫that the light's actually emanating from the entirety of this rectangle.

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‫So you can see if I point it down, it's just a wider area for it to come from.

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‫And obviously this would work well with office lighting or anything where you want to illuminate from

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‫a larger area rather than from a particular point.

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‫And then two interesting ones here that are more natural are the directional light and the skylight.

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‫You can see the icon for directional light looks like the sun.

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‫And that's because the most common use of it is in fact as a sun light.

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‫So if I stick this in the scene, you'll notice that it doesn't actually matter where I place this actor.

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‫I could place it anywhere and the light doesn't change.

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‫The only thing that's important here is the rotation of the light.

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‫If I change the rotation, you can see it changes the angle of these rays of the sun.

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‫And that's because the sun is so infinitely far away from us that essentially the light that reaches

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‫our scene is all parallel, is all going in a single direction.

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‫And that's why it's called a directional light.

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‫So the position doesn't matter because it's so infinitely far away that it shouldn't make a difference.

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‫And then the other thing, so if I delete this one out and we put our skylight into the scene, this

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‫is another one where the direction doesn't matter, but this time it's because the light is coming from

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‫all directions.

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‫And at the moment it's actually not being not showing us anything very much at all.

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‫And if we go and have a look at the description of what a skylight does, you'll see that the light

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‫actually captures the distant light in our level and applies it to the scene as light.

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‫So typically the way we deal with this is by bringing in a massive sphere that goes around our entire

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‫level and simulates the really far off sky and distant horizon.

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‫Now, a place that we can go and find this is if we open up our content drawer, go to the settings

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‫button in it and select show engine content, and then you see an engine folder pops up.

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‫Let's click on that.

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‫And inside that folder we're going to search for Sky.

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‫Now what we want is this BP sky sphere.

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‫We can go and drag this in to our level and you can see if you pop out of the level that we've now got

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‫a sphere here that is absolutely massive and basically simulates the far off distant sky in the clouds

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‫and the sun in the sky.

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‫So that is what our skylight is trying to capture the light for that.

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‫So we need to click on the skylight and we need to go scroll down to a property called Recapture Scene

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‫and we click on Recap.

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‫You.

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‫And you can see that the light now gets updated to represent that kind of soft twilight that is illuminating

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‫everything a little bit evenly.

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‫And that's what we wanted.

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‫And you can see inside, it's still quite dark.

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‫We've only got a little bit of light spilling in from the outside, but it's given us a nice soft ambient

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‫light.

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‫So typically what happens is that we will put the skylight and the sky sphere together and also have

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‫a directional light on top of this as well.

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‫And we can set the direction of that light as we see fit by just kind of rotating it around like this.

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‫And if we then go back and select our Sky Sphere blueprint and look at the details pane for it, you

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‫can see that there is a link that it could want to a directional light actor so we can select this asset

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‫by selecting the actor in our scene to pick that directional light.

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‫And you can see that instantly.

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‫What it has done is it's changed to a much brighter daytime and the sun is high up in the sky.

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‫And that's because by linking those two in together, what we've said is that the sky sphere should

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‫match the angle of this directional light.

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‫So if I put the angle of the light really low, the sun hasn't quite updated because we'd need to go

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‫in to our BP sky actor and hit refresh material, which then redraws it.

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‫And you can see the sun.

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‫Sun is now low in the sky and the color of the sky has been automatically updated.

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‫So these two things being linked together is a really good thing.

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‫It makes them physically much more accurate.

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‫So I'm just going to put it back to the sun being reasonably high up in the sky, and then we can go

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‫to our BP sky sphere and just refresh its material one more time.

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‫Now, these actors haven't gone in the global folder yet, so let's go drag them in there.

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‫And these are all the things that apply at a global level, so it just allows us to tuck them away nice

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‫and neatly.

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‫So I'd like to challenge you to add some sunlight to your own scene.

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‫So you're going to add a sky sphere, add a direction light and a skylight and link them together,

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‫as I've just done so that when you move the direction light, it can update the material for the sky

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‫sphere and the sky light then can recapture the light from that skysphere and change the rotation of

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‫the sun.

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‫Maybe you want a different mood to your game.

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‫Mine's more high in the sky, but you might want a lower sun to represent a later time in the day.

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‫Pause the video and have a go.

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‫Okay.

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‫Welcome back.

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‫So.

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‫Well, this is how I've got it at the moment.

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‫The only thing I want to check is the skylight looks quite orange, so I'm guessing we haven't recaptured

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‫the skylight.

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‫So I'm going to the skylight and then scrolling on down to where it says recapture.

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‫I hit recapture.

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‫Now you can see the skylight has gone far more blue in the shadows, and that's because the reflected

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‫atmospheric light in our skysphere is more blue because of the sun being higher and the rays not getting

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‫scattered and all that kind of physical goodness.

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‫Now you may notice that some of the shadows here are looking rather strange.

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‫Don't worry about this just yet.

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‫We are going to fix this in a later lecture.

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‫So that's it for this lecture.

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‫We've looked over the different types of light that we can have in our scene and the most complex set

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‫up being how we do sunlight.

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‫I'll see you in the next lecture.